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{{Short description|Canadian chemist (1912–1969)}}
{{Infobox_Scientist
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Saul Winstein
|name = Saul Winstein
|image =
|image =
|image_width =
|image_size =
|caption = Saul Winstein
|caption = Saul Winstein
|birth_date = {{birth date|1912|10|8}}
|birth_date = {{birth date|1912|10|8}}
|birth_place =
|birth_place = [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]], Canada
|residence =
|residence =
|nationality = [[United States|American ]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1969|11|23|1912|10|8}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|1969|11|23|1912|10|8}}
|death_place =
|death_place = [[Los Angeles, California]], United States
|field = Physical Organic Chemistry
|field = Physical Organic Chemistry
|work_institution = UCLA
|work_institution = UCLA
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|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for = [[Winstein reaction]]<br>[[Grunwald-Winstein equation]] <br>[[Non-classical cation]]<br>[[Anchimeric assistance]]
|known_for = [[Winstein reaction]]<br>[[Grunwald–Winstein equation]] <br>[[Non-classical cation]]<br>[[Anchimeric assistance]]
|prizes =
|prizes = [[ACS Award in Pure Chemistry]] (1948) <br>
[[National Medal of Science]] (1970)
|religion =
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
}}
}}'''Saul Winstein''' ([[October 8]] [[1912]] &ndash; [[November 23]] [[1969]]) was the American chemist who discovered the ''[[Winstein reaction]]'', in which he argued a [[Non-classical cation|non-classical cation]] was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation. This fueled a debate with [[Herbert C. Brown]] over the existence of delocalized cations such as this.<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1994/illpres/problem.html Nobel Foundation description of the non-classical ion and its importance, and the debate over their existence.</ref> Co-author of the [[Grunwald-Winstein equation]] concerning solvolysis rates.<ref>{{cite journal
'''Saul Winstein''' (October 8, 1912 &ndash; November 23, 1969) was a Jewish Canadian chemist who discovered the ''[[Winstein reaction]].'' He argued a [[non-classical cation]] was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Young|first1=W. G.|last2=Cram|first2=D. J.|title=Professor Saul Winstein October 8, 1912-November 23, 1969|journal=International Journal of Chemical Kinetics|date=May 1970|volume=2|issue=3|pages=167–173|doi=10.1002/kin.550020302}}</ref> This fueled a debate with [[Herbert C. Brown]] over the existence of σ-delocalized carbocations. Winstein also first proposed the concept of an [[intimate ion pair]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Winstein|first1=S.|last2=Clippinger|first2=E.|last3=Fainberg|first3=A. H.|last4=Heck|first4=R.|last5=Robinson|first5=G. C.|title=Salt Effects and Ion Pairs in Solvolysis and Related Reactions. III.1 Common Ion Rate Depression and Exchange of Anions during Acetolysis|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|date=January 1956|volume=78|issue=2|pages=328–335|doi=10.1021/ja01583a022}}</ref> He was co-author of the [[Grunwald–Winstein equation]], concerning solvolysis rates.<ref>{{cite journal
| title = The Correlation of Solvolysis Rates and the Classification of Solvolysis Reactions Into Mechanistic Categories
| title = The Correlation of Solvolysis Rates and the Classification of Solvolysis Reactions Into Mechanistic Categories
| pages = 2700 &ndash; 2707
| pages = 2700&ndash;2707
| author = W. G. Young, D. J. Cram
| author = W. G. Young, D. J. Cram
| journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]
| journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]
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| year = 1951
| year = 1951
| doi = 10.1021/ja01150a078 }}</ref>
| doi = 10.1021/ja01150a078 }}</ref>

[[Richard F. Heck]], who earlier in his career had undertaken postgraduate studies with Winstein, won the 2010 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The problem of the non-classical ion|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1994/illpres/problem.html|publisher=Nobel Media|access-date=14 July 2015}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>

== Sources ==
*{{cite journal
| title = Professor Saul Winstein October 8, 1912-November 23, 1969
| pages = 167 &ndash; 173
| author = W. G. Young, D. J. Cram
| journal = [[International Journal of Chemical Kinetics]]
| volume = 2
| issue = 3
| year = 1970
| doi = 10.1002/kin.550020302 }}


==External links==
==External links==
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* [http://www.chem.ucla.edu/research/org/WINSTEIN_2005_WEB/Winstein_Bio.html Saul Winstein UCLA]
* [http://www.chem.ucla.edu/research/org/WINSTEIN_2005_WEB/Winstein_Bio.html Saul Winstein UCLA]


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[[Category:1912 births]]
[[Category:1969 deaths]]
[[Category:Jewish Canadian scientists]]
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[[Category: Jewish chemists]]
[[Category:Canadian chemists]]
[[Category:National Medal of Science laureates]]
[[Category:National Medal of Science laureates]]
[[Category:Canadian expatriates in the United States]]


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{{Chemist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 19:53, 6 July 2024

Saul Winstein
Born(1912-10-08)October 8, 1912
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
DiedNovember 23, 1969(1969-11-23) (aged 57)
Los Angeles, California, United States
Known forWinstein reaction
Grunwald–Winstein equation
Non-classical cation
Anchimeric assistance
AwardsACS Award in Pure Chemistry (1948)
National Medal of Science (1970)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysical Organic Chemistry
InstitutionsUCLA

Saul Winstein (October 8, 1912 – November 23, 1969) was a Jewish Canadian chemist who discovered the Winstein reaction. He argued a non-classical cation was needed to explain the stability of the norbornyl cation.[1] This fueled a debate with Herbert C. Brown over the existence of σ-delocalized carbocations. Winstein also first proposed the concept of an intimate ion pair.[2] He was co-author of the Grunwald–Winstein equation, concerning solvolysis rates.[3]

Richard F. Heck, who earlier in his career had undertaken postgraduate studies with Winstein, won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Young, W. G.; Cram, D. J. (May 1970). "Professor Saul Winstein October 8, 1912-November 23, 1969". International Journal of Chemical Kinetics. 2 (3): 167–173. doi:10.1002/kin.550020302.
  2. ^ Winstein, S.; Clippinger, E.; Fainberg, A. H.; Heck, R.; Robinson, G. C. (January 1956). "Salt Effects and Ion Pairs in Solvolysis and Related Reactions. III.1 Common Ion Rate Depression and Exchange of Anions during Acetolysis". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 78 (2): 328–335. doi:10.1021/ja01583a022.
  3. ^ W. G. Young, D. J. Cram (1951). "The Correlation of Solvolysis Rates and the Classification of Solvolysis Reactions Into Mechanistic Categories". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 73 (6): 2700–2707. doi:10.1021/ja01150a078.
  4. ^ "The problem of the non-classical ion". Nobel Media. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
[edit]


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