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{{Short description|Russian ballet dancer and choreographer}}
'''Lev Ivanov''' ([[1834]] – [[1901]]) was a [[Russia]]n [[ballet]] dancer and choreographer. He worked with [[Marius Petipa]] on ''[[Swan Lake]]'', and he also did choreography for ''[[The Nutcracker]]''.
{{about|the choreographer|the Russian football manager|Lev Ivanov (football manager)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Lev Ivanov
| image = Lev Ivanov -St. Petersburg -circa 1885.JPG
| alt =
| caption = Lev Ivanov 1885
| birth_name = Lev Ivanovich Ivanov
|native_name = Лев Ива́нович Ива́нов
| birth_date ={{birth date|df=yes|1834|03|02}}
| birth_place = Moscow, [[Russian Empire]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1901|12|24|1834|03|02}}
| death_place = [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russian Empire]]
| height =
| known_for =[[Ballet master]] of the [[Imperial Ballet]]<br />''[[Danse des petits cygnes|Dance of the little swans]]'' from ''[[Swan Lake]]''<br />''[[The Nutcracker]]''
| occupation = Ballet dancer, choreographer, and [[ballet master]]
| years_active = 1866 until 1901
| nationality = [[Russian citizenship|Russian]]
| spouse =
| children =
| relatives = [[Tio Adamova]]
| awards =
| website = <!-- {{URL|website}} -->
}}
'''Lev Ivanovich Ivanov''' ({{langx|ru|link=no|Лев Ива́нович Ива́нов}}; 2 March 1834, Moscow – 24 December 1901, [[Saint Petersburg]]) was a Russian ballet dancer and choreographer and later, Second [[Balletmaster]] of the [[Mariinsky Ballet|Imperial Ballet]]. As a performer with the [[Mariinsky Ballet|Imperial Ballet]], he achieved prominence after performing as an understudy in a benefit performance of ''[[La Fille Mal Gardée]]''. He is most famous as the choreographer of Acts II and IV of ''[[Swan Lake]]'', which include the ''[[Danse des petits cygnes|Dance of the Little Swans]]'', Act II of ''[[Cinderella (Fitinhof-Schell)|Cinderella]]'', and ''[[The Nutcracker]]'', which he choreographed alongside [[Marius Petipa]].


==Biography==
{{bio-stub}}
Ivanov entered the Moscow School of Dance, but in 1844 moved to [[Saint Petersburg]] where he studied at the [[Mariinsky Ballet|Imperial Ballet]], becoming an official member of the [[Corps de ballet]] in 1852. Among his teachers during this time were [[Jean-Antoine Petipa]], Alexandr Pimenov, [[Pierre Frédéric Malavergne]] and Emile Gredlu ({{lang|ru|Эмиль Гредлю}}).

Historically, Ivanov is credited with choreographing the entirety of premiere of [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]'s ballet ''[[The Nutcracker]]'' in 1892 due to the ill health of the ballet master, [[Marius Petipa]]. While some contemporary and modern accounts dispute this, Ivanov is still mentioned in ''[[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition]]'' with choreographing at least the majority of the ballet as Petipa had reportedly not progressed very far in his work.<ref name="goodwin2853"/> Regardless of the amount of work he actually did, Petipa's was the only name listed for choreography on posters for the first production in St. Petersburg.<ref name="goodwin2853">Goodwin, ''New Grove (2001)'', 2:853.</ref>

Ivanov worked with Petipa on a new restaging of Tchaikovsky's ''[[Swan Lake]]'' ballet in 1895. Ivanov choreographed the entirety of the lakeside acts or "white acts", Act II and Act IV. This includes the ''[[Danse des petits cygnes|Dance of the Little Swans]]'', an iconic ''[[pas de quatre]]'' where the four cygnets huddle together and dance in unison, before breaking the chain and falling to the floor whilst attempting to fly. Ivanov also choreographed the ''Danse Vénitienne'' (Neapolitan/Venetian Dance) and the ''Pas Hongrois'' (Hungarian Dance) of the third bier scene.<ref name="goodwin2584">Goodwin, ''New Grove (2001)'', 2:584.</ref>

In his last years Ivanov was in financial straits. On the strength of his 50 years' service he petitioned the Imperial Theatres for financial assistance.<ref name="goodwin2584"/>

==Ballets==
{{see also|Category:Ballets by Lev Ivanov}}

===Original works===
*''[[The Enchanted Forest (ballet)|La Forêt enchantée]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''The Enchanted Forest''). Ballet-fantastique in one act. Music by [[Riccardo Drigo]]. Imperial Ballet School, {{OldStyleDate|5 April|1887|24 March}}. Second premiere, Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|15 May|1887|3 May}}. [[Peterhof Palace|Peterhof]], July 1889, performance supervised by Marius Petipa.
*''[[The Harlem Tulip|La Tulipe de Haarlem]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''The Tulip of Harlem''). Ballet-fantastique in three acts. Music by [[Baron Boris Fitinhoff-Schell]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|16 October|1887|4 October}}.
**Revival by [[Claudia Kulichevskaya]] and [[Pavel Gerdt]]. Imperial Ballet School, {{OldStyleDate|16 April|1902|3 April}}.
**Revival by [[Alexander Shiryaev]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|29 April|1903|16 April}}.
*''[[The Magic Flute (ballet)|La Flûte magique]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''The Magic Flute''). Ballet-comique in one act. Music by Riccardo Drigo. Imperial Ballet School, {{OldStyleDate|22 March|1889|10 March}}. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|23 April|1889|11 April}}.
*''[[La Ruse de Cupidon]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''Cupid's Prank''). Ballet-anacréontique in one act. Music by [[Alexander Friedman (composer)|Alexander Friedman]]. Krasnoe Selo, {{OldStyleDate|6 August|1890|24 July}}. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|23 November|1890|11 November}}.
*''[[La Beauté de Séville (ballet)|La Beauté de Séville]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''The Beauty of Seville''). Divertissement-ballet in one act. Music by various composers. [[Krasnoe Selo]], {{OldStyleDate|10 August|1889|29 July}}.
*''[[La Fête des bateliers]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''The Boatman's Festival''). Divertissement-ballet in one act. Music by Alexander Friedman. Krasnoe Selo, {{OldStyleDate|7 August|1890|26 July}}.
*''[[The Nutcracker]]''. Ballet-féerie in two acts. Choreographed jointly with [[Marius Petipa]]. Music by [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|18 December|1892|6 December}}.
*''[[Cinderella (Fitinhof-Schell)|Cinderella]]'' (a.k.a. ''Zolushka''). Ballet-féerie in three acts. Staged jointly with [[Enrico Cecchetti]] and Marius Petipa. Music by [[Baron Boris Fitinhoff-Schell]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|17 December|1893|5 December}}.
**revival by Lev Ivanov. [[Bolshoi Theatre]], Moscow, {{OldStyleDate|12 March|1898|28 February}}
*''[[Swan Lake (1895)|Swan Lake]]''. Ballet-fantastique in three acts. Staged jointly with Marius Petipa. Music by Pyotr Illyich Tchaikovsky, revised by Riccardo Drigo. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|27 January|1895|15 January}}.
*''[[Acis et Galatée (ballet)|Acis et Galatée]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''Acis and Galatea''). Ballet-mythologique in one act. Music by [[Andrei Kadlets]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|2 February|1896|21 January}}.
**revival by Alexander Shiryaev. Imperial Ballet School, {{OldStyleDate|3 May|1905|20 April}}.
*''[[La Fille du Mikado]]'' ([[English language|en.]] ''The Mikado's Daughter''). Ballet-fantastique in three acts. Music by [[Wrangel family|Baron Vasily Wrangell]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|21 November|1897|9 November}}.
*''[[Egyptian Nights (ballet)|Egyptian Nights]]'' (a.k.a. ''Une Nuit d'Egypte'' or ''Nuits égyptiennes''). Divertissement-ballet in one act. Music by [[Anton Arensky]]. Never premiered.
**revival by [[Mikhail Fokine]]. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|8 March|1908|24 February}}.
**revival by Mikhail Fokine as ''Cléopâtre'' for the [[Ballets Russes]]. [[Théâtre du Châtelet]], Paris, 2 June 1909.
*''[[Sylvia (ballet)|Sylvia]]''. Ballet-mythologique in three acts. Music by [[Léo Delibes]]. Staging completed by Pavel Gerdt due to Ivanov's death. Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, {{OldStyleDate|15 December|1901|2 December}}.

== References ==
* [[Noël Goodwin|Goodwin, Noël]], ed. Stanley Sadie, "Ballet (2. 19th Century)," ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition''. (London: MacMilian, 2001), 29 vols. {{ISBN|0-333-60800-3}}.

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.the-ballet.com/ivanov.php The Ballet Encyclopedia entry for Lev Ivanov.]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090515121115/http://www.balletmet.org/Notes/Ivanov.html Balletmet.org notes for Lev Ivanov.]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120406070621/http://danceinteractive.jacobspillow.org/dance/alexandra-danilova?ref=artist&refcar=%2Fartist%2Fi-j Archive film of Alexandra Danilova performing the Sugar Plum Fairy variation from The Nutcracker after Lev Ivanov in 1952 at Jacob's Pillow]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ivanov, Lev}}
[[Category:Russian ballet]]
[[Category:Choreographers of Mariinsky Theatre]]
[[Category:Ballet masters]]
[[Category:Ballet librettists]]
[[Category:Librettists from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:1834 births]]
[[Category:1901 deaths]]
[[Category:Ballets by Lev Ivanov|*Lev Ivanov]]

Latest revision as of 09:42, 24 October 2024

This article is about the choreographer. For the Russian football manager, see Lev Ivanov (football manager).

Lev Ivanov
Лев Ива́нович Ива́нов
Lev Ivanov 1885
Born
Lev Ivanovich Ivanov

(1834-03-02)2 March 1834
Moscow, Russian Empire
Died24 December 1901(1901-12-24) (aged 67)
Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
NationalityRussian
Occupation(s)Ballet dancer, choreographer, and ballet master
Years active1866 until 1901
Known forBallet master of the Imperial Ballet
Dance of the little swans from Swan Lake
The Nutcracker
RelativesTio Adamova

Lev Ivanovich Ivanov (Russian: Лев Ива́нович Ива́нов; 2 March 1834, Moscow – 24 December 1901, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian ballet dancer and choreographer and later, Second Balletmaster of the Imperial Ballet. As a performer with the Imperial Ballet, he achieved prominence after performing as an understudy in a benefit performance of La Fille Mal Gardée. He is most famous as the choreographer of Acts II and IV of Swan Lake, which include the Dance of the Little Swans, Act II of Cinderella, and The Nutcracker, which he choreographed alongside Marius Petipa.

Biography

[edit]

Ivanov entered the Moscow School of Dance, but in 1844 moved to Saint Petersburg where he studied at the Imperial Ballet, becoming an official member of the Corps de ballet in 1852. Among his teachers during this time were Jean-Antoine Petipa, Alexandr Pimenov, Pierre Frédéric Malavergne and Emile Gredlu (Эмиль Гредлю).

Historically, Ivanov is credited with choreographing the entirety of premiere of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet The Nutcracker in 1892 due to the ill health of the ballet master, Marius Petipa. While some contemporary and modern accounts dispute this, Ivanov is still mentioned in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition with choreographing at least the majority of the ballet as Petipa had reportedly not progressed very far in his work.[1] Regardless of the amount of work he actually did, Petipa's was the only name listed for choreography on posters for the first production in St. Petersburg.[1]

Ivanov worked with Petipa on a new restaging of Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake ballet in 1895. Ivanov choreographed the entirety of the lakeside acts or "white acts", Act II and Act IV. This includes the Dance of the Little Swans, an iconic pas de quatre where the four cygnets huddle together and dance in unison, before breaking the chain and falling to the floor whilst attempting to fly. Ivanov also choreographed the Danse Vénitienne (Neapolitan/Venetian Dance) and the Pas Hongrois (Hungarian Dance) of the third bier scene.[2]

In his last years Ivanov was in financial straits. On the strength of his 50 years' service he petitioned the Imperial Theatres for financial assistance.[2]

Ballets

[edit]
See also: Category:Ballets by Lev Ivanov

Original works

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Goodwin, Noël, ed. Stanley Sadie, "Ballet (2. 19th Century)," The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition. (London: MacMilian, 2001), 29 vols. ISBN 0-333-60800-3.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Goodwin, New Grove (2001), 2:853.
  2. ^ a b Goodwin, New Grove (2001), 2:584.
[edit]
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