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{{Short description|Chinese regional airliner}}
{{Future aircraft}}
{{use dmy dates |date=October 2022}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->
{{Infobox Aircraft
{{Infobox aircraft
|name= ARJ21
| name = C909 Xiangfeng
|image= Image:ACAC ARJ21.jpg
| image = Chengdu Airlines COMAC ARJ21-700 Xiangfeng.jpg
|caption= Artist's impression of the ACAC ARJ21 in flight.
| caption = A C909 of Chengdu Airlines, the type's launch operator
|type= [[Regional jet]]
|manufacturer= [[ACAC consortium]]
| type = [[Regional jet]]
| manufacturer = [[Comac]]
|designer= [[ACAC consortium]]
| design_group = [[ACAC consortium]]
|first flight= Scheduled for Q4 2008
| first_flight = {{start date|2008|11|28}}
|introduced= 2005
| introduction = 28 June 2016 with [[Chengdu Airlines]]<ref name="cad">{{cite web|url=http://www.chinaaviationdaily.com/news/51/51117.html|title=Airbus, Boeing Jostle for China Friendship, and Aircraft Orders|work=chinaaviationdaily.com|access-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307104124/http://www.chinaaviationdaily.com/news/51/51117.html|archive-date=2016-03-07|url-status=live}}</ref>
|status= Under Production As Of 2008
| status = In production, in service
|primary user= [[Kunpeng Airlines]]
| primary_user = [[Chengdu Airlines]]<ref name="flightglobal.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-chengdu-airlines-takes-delivery-of-first-a-419548/|title=PICTURES: Chengdu Airlines takes delivery of first ARJ21|work=Flightglobal.com|access-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220123003/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-chengdu-airlines-takes-delivery-of-first-a-419548/|archive-date=2016-02-20|url-status=live}}</ref>
|more users=[[Shanghai Airlines]]
| more_users =
|produced= Main Production Scheduled to begin in 2009
| produced = 2007–present<ref name="rzjet">{{cite web|url=http://rzjets.net/aircraft/?typeid=359|title=COMAC ARJ21 production list|work=rzjets.net|access-date=4 October 2022}}</ref>
|number built= 1
| number_built = 156 (as of 18 December 2024)<ref name="rzjet" /><ref name="TPHuang-19Dec2024" />
|unit cost= 20 Million USD As Of 2008
|developed from =
|variants with their own articles = ARJ21-700, ARJ21-900, ARJ21F, & The ARJ21B.
}}
}}


The '''Comac C909''', originally known as the '''ARJ21 Xiangfeng''' ({{zh|c=翔凤|p=xiángfèng|l=Soaring [[Chinese Phoenix|Phoenix]]}}), is a 78–90 seat [[regional jet]] manufactured by the Chinese state-owned aerospace company [[Comac]].
The '''ACAC ARJ21 Xiangfeng''' (翔凤 Flying Phoenix)<ref name="Record">{{cite web |url= http://news.therecord.com/Business/article/286248 |title='Flying Phoenix' is China's first homegrown commercial aircraft |accessdate=2007-12-24 |author=The Associated Press |authorlink= |publisher=TheRecord.com }}</ref> is a twin-engined [[regional airliner]], and is the first passenger jet to be developed and indigenously produced by the [[People's Republic of China]]. This program is supported by 19 major U.S. and European aerospace components suppliers, including [[General Electric]] (engine production)<ref name="GE">{{cite web | title=ACAC selects General Electric to power ARJ21 | work=GE Aviation | url=http://www.geae.com/aboutgeae/presscenter/cf34/cf34_20021104.html | accessdate=2002-11-04}}</ref> and [[Rockwell Collins]] (avionics production).<ref name="Rockwell">{{cite web | title=Rockwell Collins announces first delivery for ARJ21 | work=Rockwell Collions | url=http://www.rockwellcollins.com/news/page8116.html | accessdate=2006-07-27}}</ref>

Development of the ARJ21 began in March 2002, led by the state-owned [[ACAC consortium]]. The first prototype was rolled out on 21 December 2007, and made its maiden flight on 28 November 2008 from Shanghai. It received its [[Civil Aviation Administration of China|CAAC]] Type Certification on 30 December 2014 and was introduced on 28 June 2016 by [[Chengdu Airlines]]. The ACAC consortium was reorganized in 2009 as part of Comac and the jet was rebranded as the C909 in November 2024.

It features a 25° [[Swept wing|swept]], [[supercritical airfoil|supercritical]] wing designed by [[Antonov]] and twin rear-mounted [[General Electric CF34]] engines. 100 airframes had been delivered by the end of 2022.<ref name="rzjet" />


==Development==
==Development==
[[File:ARJ21.png|thumb|Joy Air ARJ21 Model at the 2008 China Airshow]]
The ARJ21 is a key project, led by the government-controlled [[ACAC consortium]], which began in March 2002 as part of China's [[Five-Year Plans of China#Tenth Five-Year Plan, 2001-2005|"10th Five-Year Plan"]]. The maiden flight of the ARJ21 was planned to take place in 2005 with formal handing over of the aircraft for use 18 months afterwards;<ref name="people's daily">{{cite web | title=China-Made ARJ21 Feeder Plane to Appear at Zhuhai Aviation Show | work=People's Daily | url=http://english.people.com.cn/200211/04/eng20021104_106234.shtml | accessdate=2002-11-04}}</ref> however, the design work was delayed and the final trial production stage didn't begin until June 2006.<ref name="xinhua">{{cite web | title=Self-developed jet to fly maiden trip | work=XINHUA | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-06/01/content_4631760.htm | accessdate=2006-06-01}}</ref> The first aircraft was rolled out on [[21 December]] [[2007]] with plans for a maiden flight in March 2008,<ref name="Record"/>, however this has been delayed until September 21 2008 <ref>name="China Gate"</ref>, and the aircraft is expected to become available to buyers in September 2009. The ACAC consortium aims to manufacture 11 ARJ21s a year by 2010, and 50 per year by 2015.
[[File:南航ARJ21舱内.jpg|thumb|Typical economy cabin with 2–3 seating]]


The development of the ARJ21 (Advanced Regional Jet) is a key project in the [[Tenth Five-Year Plan (People's Republic of China)|"10th Five-Year Plan"]] of [[China]]. It began in March 2002 and was led by the state-owned [[ACAC consortium]]. The maiden flight of the ARJ21 was initially planned to take place in 2005 with commercial service beginning 18 months later.<ref name="people's daily">{{cite web | title=China-Made ARJ21 Feeder Plane to Appear at Zhuhai Aviation Show | work=People's Daily | url=http://english.people.com.cn/200211/04/eng20021104_106234.shtml | access-date=2002-11-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031004015958/http://english.people.com.cn/200211/04/eng20021104_106234.shtml | archive-date=2003-10-04 | url-status=live }}</ref> The programme became eight years behind schedule.<ref name="Avweek311">[http://aviationweek.com/zhuhai-2014/c919-inches-toward-flight-testing-arj21-toward-upgrade ''C919 Inches Toward Flight-Testing, ARJ21 Toward Upgrade''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117033412/http://aviationweek.com/zhuhai-2014/c919-inches-toward-flight-testing-arj21-toward-upgrade |date=2015-11-17 }}, Aviationweek, 3. November 2014</ref>
==Design==
The design work was delayed and the final trial production stage did not begin until June 2006.<ref name="xinhua">{{cite web | title=Self-developed jet to fly maiden trip | work=XINHUA | url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-06/01/content_4631760.htm | access-date=2006-06-01 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110005953/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-06/01/content_4631760.htm | archive-date=2006-11-10 }}</ref>
Although ACAC refers to the ARJ21 as "designed by Chinese with completely independent intellectual property rights",
it is being built using tooling which was originally provided by the [[McDonnell Douglas]] company for licence-production of the [[McDonnell Douglas MD-80/MD-90|MD-90]] in China. Consequently, it bears a strong resemblance to the DC-9 series of aircraft, with an identical cabin cross section, nose profile and tail. The general designer of the aircraft was Mr. Wu Guanghui (吴光辉), and the deputy general designer was Mr. Zhou Jisheng (周济生), with the general engineer was Ms. Jiang Liping (姜丽萍, 1968- ). An all-new [[supercritical wing]], which will have a [[Swept wing|sweepback]] of 25&nbsp;degrees and be fitted with [[Wingtip device|winglets]] to improve aerodynamic performance, has been designed by [[Ukraine]]’s [[Antonov]].<ref name=Antonov>[http://www.antonov.com/news/index.xml?news=antk-main/news_20071224.xml Website "Antonov": News<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref name="AINonlineARJ21">{{cite web | title=ARJ21-A | work=AINonline | url=http://web.archive.org/web/20060204221503/http://www.ainonline.com/Features/regionalbusaircraft/arj21a.html | accessdate=2006-06-23}}</ref><ref>[http://www.deagel.com/news/Chinese-ARJ21-700-Airliner-Roll-Out_n000003364.aspx Chinese ARJ21-700 Airliner Roll-Out<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Antonov Design Bureau also assisted project with geometrical determination and integral analysis of the construction strength of ARJ21.<ref name=Antonov>[http://www.antonov.com/news/index.xml?news=antk-main/news_20071224.xml Website "Antonov": News<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


The first prototype (serial number 101) rolled out on 21 December 2007,<ref>{{cite news |title='Flying Phoenix' is China's first homegrown commercial aircraft |date=December 22, 2007 |agency=Associated Press |via=TheRecord |url=http://news.therecord.com/Business/article/286248 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208120256/http://news.therecord.com/Business/article/286248 |archive-date=2009-02-08 }}</ref> with a maiden flight on 28 November 2008 at Shanghai's Dachang Airfield.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} The aircraft completed a long-distance test flight on 15 July 2009, flying from [[Shanghai]] to [[Xi'an]] in 2&nbsp;hours 19&nbsp;minutes, over a distance of 1,300&nbsp;km. The second ARJ21 (serial number 102) completed the same test flight route on 24 August 2009. The third aircraft (serial number 103) similarly completed its first test flight on 12 September 2009.<ref name="cctv-es">{{cite web | title=Third Chinese ARJ-21-700 takes off (in Spanish) | work=CCTV | url=http://www.cctv.com/program/e_BizChina/20090914/102936.shtml | access-date=2009-09-14 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022154434/http://www.cctv.com/program/e_BizChina/20090914/102936.shtml | archive-date=2012-10-22 | url-status=live }}</ref> The fourth aircraft (CN 104) flew by November 2010. By August 2011, static, flutter and crosswind flight tests had been completed.<ref name="fg delays">{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/08/24/361199/chinas-arj21-falls-behind-on-flight-test-schedule.html |title=China's ARJ21 falls behind on flight test schedule |publisher=Flightglobal.com |date=24 August 2011 |access-date=18 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105202328/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/08/24/361199/chinas-arj21-falls-behind-on-flight-test-schedule.html |archive-date=5 November 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In addition to the baseline and the stretched passenger models, ACAC has also proposed extended-range, freight, and business jet variants.

The ARJ21 is a small jet aircraft that looks similar to the [[McDonnell Douglas MD-80]].<ref name="AvWeek2015" /> However, the company claims that the ARJ21 is a completely indigenous design. The ACAC consortium was reorganized in 2009 and became a part of [[COMAC]].<ref>
information on COMAC's [http://www.comac.cc/n16/n86839/n140153/140493.html website] {{Dead link|date=February 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (Chinese)
</ref>

===Key flight tests and CAAC certification===
AC104 returned to China on April 28, 2014, after completing natural-icing tests in North America. This was the first time a turbofan-powered regional jet independently developed by China had flown abroad to carry out flight tests in special weather conditions. At the same time, other flight-test aircraft covered more than 30,000&nbsp;km across Asia, America, Europe, and the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Natural-icing tests are required for airworthiness certification, and conducting these tests outside China showed it was feasible to do certification tests for civil aircraft in other countries.<ref name="China-made ARJ21 aircraft completes natural icing flight test and achieves a global flight of 30,000km">{{cite web| url=http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201405/06/t20140506_1596644.shtml| title=China-made ARJ21 aircraft completes natural icing flight test and achieves a global flight of 30,000km| access-date=2014-12-26| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227013558/http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201405/06/t20140506_1596644.shtml| archive-date=2014-12-27| url-status=live}}</ref>

The first production aircraft flew on 18 June 2014.<ref name="Avweek311"/> and AC104 completed an airspeed calibration flight on October 30. Route-proving started on October 29, 2014, and AC105 made 83 flights between ten airports in Chengdu, Guiyang, Guilin, Haikou, Fuzhou, Zhoushan, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Yinchuan and Xianyang. The cumulative flight time was 173 hours and 55 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201412/26/t20141226_2207764.shtml|title=ARJ21-700 AC105 completes function and reliability flight test successfully|work=comac.cc|access-date=2014-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227071741/http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201412/26/t20141226_2207764.shtml|archive-date=2014-12-27|url-status=live}}</ref> By November 2014, AC104 had completed 711 flights in 1,442 hours and 23 minutes. Certification tests included stall, high-speed, noise and simulated and natural icing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201411/18/t20141118_2094722.shtml|title=ARJ21-700 AC104 completes all flight tests before issuance of TV|work=comac.cc|access-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010422/http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201411/18/t20141118_2094722.shtml|archive-date=2016-03-05|url-status=live}}</ref> AC105 returned to [[Yanliang District|Yanliang]] airport on December 16, 2014, from [[Xi'an Xianyang International Airport]] after the last function and reliability flight. This completed the testing for the ARJ21-700 airworthiness certificate.

The ARJ21-700 received its Type Certification under Chapter 25 of the Chinese civil aviation regulations from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), on December 30, 2014.<ref name="caac">{{cite web|last1=Perrett|first1=Bradley|title=China Certifies Comac ARJ21-700|url=http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/china-certifies-comac-arj21-700|website=AviationWeek|access-date=30 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150101170953/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/china-certifies-comac-arj21-700|archive-date=2015-01-01|url-status=live}}</ref> The certification program for the CAAC required 5,000 hours.<ref name=Flight26oct2018/>
An ARJ21-700 completed a final demonstration flight on 12 September 2015 before being delivered to a customer.

===Introduction===
[[File:B-3328@SHA (20191112105701).jpg|thumb|Chengdu Airlines' ARJ21 at [[Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport]] in 2019]]
[[File:B-605U@PEK (20200628125533).jpg|thumb|The first ARJ21 for Air China was delivered on 28 June 2020]]

On 29 November 2015, COMAC delivered the first ARJ21-700 to [[Chengdu Airlines]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/china-comac-idUSL3N13O02620151129|title=China's COMAC delivers first ARJ21 jet plane to domestic airline|work=Reuters|date=November 28, 2015|access-date=2017-06-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203121845/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/29/china-comac-idUSL3N13O02620151129|archive-date=2015-12-03|url-status=live}}</ref> The first commercial flight took off from Chengdu [[Shuangliu Airport]] on June 28, 2016, landing in [[Shanghai]] two hours later,<ref>Wong, Chun Han, First Chinese-built passenger jet goes into service, Wall Street Journal, June 29, 2016, p.B7</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.shanghaidaily.com/business/Chinas-first-domestically-manufactured-passenger-jet-takes-off/shdaily.shtml|title=China's first domestically manufactured passenger jet takes off|newspaper=Shanghai Daily|date=June 28, 2016|access-date=2016-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629173613/http://www.shanghaidaily.com/business/Chinas-first-domestically-manufactured-passenger-jet-takes-off/shdaily.shtml|archive-date=2016-06-29|url-status=live}}</ref> one day after its commercial flight was approved by the CAAC. During the summer schedule period of 2016, i.e. until October 29, 2016, the ARJ21-700 was scheduled to operate three weekly rotations between Chengdu and Shanghai Hongqiao. 85 flight segments were operated by ARJ21 (81 by B-3321, four by B-3322).

=== Further developments ===

In June 2018 an ARJ21-700+ was proposed for 2021 with weight and drag reductions. Subsequently, a -900 [[aircraft stretch|stretch]] version was designed to accommodate 115 all-economy seats, similar to the [[Bombardier CRJ900]], [[Embraer E-Jet E2 family|Embraer E175-E2]] or [[Mitsubishi MRJ90]].<!--<ref name= AvWeek15jun2018>-->
Structurally conservative and designed for [[hot and high]] operations, the ARJ21's {{cvt|25|t|lb}} empty weight is higher than initially targeted in 2002, and also higher than competing aircraft.<!--<ref name= AvWeek15jun2018>--> In 2018 an [[Executive aircraft|executive]] version was in final [[Assembly line|assembly]] and a [[cargo aircraft|cargo]] variant was proposed.<ref name= AvWeek15jun2018>{{cite news |url=http://aviationweek.com/new-civil-aircraft/comac-upgrade-arj21-planning-freight-version |title=Comac To Upgrade ARJ21, Planning Freight Version |date=June 15, 2018 |author=Bradley Perrett |work=Aviation Week & Space Technology}}</ref>

=== Freighter conversion program ===
[[File:(SGP-Singapore) Air Central Comac ARJ21-700P2F B-3388 @ Singapore Airshow 2024-02-25.jpg|thumb|B-3388, one of the first two aircraft converted to ARJ21P2F, in Air Central livery at the [[Singapore Airshow|2024 Singapore Airshow]]]]
The ARJ21 Passenger to Freighter (P2F) conversion program began in May 2020; the type certification and testing program was completed in December 2022 and the type certified by the [[Civil Aviation Administration of China|CAAC]] on 1 January, 2023.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=ARJ21客改货项目获得适航批准 |url=https://www.chinaerospace.com/article/show/016b5fc1cc67958949a5efebf607c1c2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117051102/https://www.chinaerospace.com/article/show/016b5fc1cc67958949a5efebf607c1c2 |archive-date=2023-01-17 |access-date=2023-01-17 |website=www.chinaerospace.com}}</ref>

The first two ARJ21 converted freighters (B-3329 and B-3388) were delivered to customers on 30 October 2023. The two airframes were initially delivered to [[Chengdu Airlines]] in 2018 in the passenger configuration and were subsequently withdrawn for the P2F program in 2021. Airframe B-3329 was handed over to [[YTO Cargo Airlines]] which intends to operate the type on short-haul international routes while airframe B-3388 was delivered to [[Air Central (China)|Air Central]] (based in [[Zhengzhou]], China) for flights on domestic routes.<ref name= FG-30Oct2023>{{cite news |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/comac-delivers-first-arj21-converted-freighters/155597.article|title=COMAC delivers first ARJ21 converted freighters |date=30 October 2023 |author=Alfred Chua |work=FlightGlobal.com}}</ref> The converted freighters have a maximum payload capacity of 10 tonnes and a range of about 1500 [[nautical mile]]s (2780 km).<ref name= FG-30Oct2023 />

===Production===
In early July 2017, the CAAC certified the ARJ21 for mass production.<ref>{{cite news |author=Matthew Miller and Fang Cheng |title=China Certifies COMAC to Mass Produce ARJ-21 Regional Jets: Xinhua |editor=Himani Sarkar |work=Reuters |date=9 July 2017 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-comac-approval-idUSKBN19U05F |access-date=2017-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108175606/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-comac-approval-idUSKBN19U05F |archive-date=2018-01-08 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 6 March 2020, the first ARJ21 assembled at the second production line in Pudong, took its first production test flight.<ref name=12Mar2020/> The second production line, with a production capacity of up to 30 jets a year, is located at the same facility that assembles the [[C919]].<ref name=12Mar2020>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/comac-opens-second-arj21-production-line/137207.article |title= Comac opens second ARJ21 production line |author= Alfred Chua |date= 12 March 2020 |work= Flightglobal}}</ref>

===Rebranding===
In October 2024, images of an ARJ21 in C909 livery emerged.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Homma |first1=Anton |title=COMAC to rebrand the ARJ21 |url=https://www.scramble.nl/civil-news/comac-to-rebrand-the-arj21 |work=www.scramble.nl |date=15 October 2024}}</ref> Comac officially announced the rebranding at the [[Zhuhai Air Show]] in November 2024.<ref name="newname909">{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/programmes/comac-formally-rebrands-arj21-as-c909/160699.article|title=Comac formally rebrands ARJ21 as C909|work=Flightglobal.com|access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref> This brings the naming in line with the convention of Comac's other two programmes, the [[C919]] and [[C929]].

==Design==
Several sources have noted that the ARJ21 closely resembles the [[McDonnell Douglas MD-80]] and the [[McDonnell Douglas MD-90|MD-90]], which were produced under licence in China.<ref name="AvWeek2015">{{cite web|url=http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/arj21-700-certified-focus-shifts-support|title=With ARJ21-700 Certified, Focus Shifts To Support|publisher=aviationweek.com|date=20 January 2015|access-date=2016-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703053243/http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/arj21-700-certified-focus-shifts-support|archive-date=2016-07-03|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Vertesy Szirmai">{{cite news|last1=Vertesy|first1=Daniel|last2=Szirmai|first2=Adam|title=Interrupted innovation: Innovation system dynamics in latecomer aerospace industries}}</ref> Comac states that the ARJ21 is a completely indigenous design.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-06/01/content_4631760.htm |title=Xinhua – English |publisher=News.xinhuanet.com |date=2006-06-01 |access-date=2010-06-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209031739/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-06/01/content_4631760.htm |archive-date=2009-02-09 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.eastday.com/c/20070904/u1a3087281.html |title=我国已具备生产大型民用飞机的能力 |publisher=News.eastday.com |date=2007-03-30 |access-date=2010-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620030213/http://news.eastday.com/c/20070904/u1a3087281.html |archive-date=2010-06-20 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://sh.eastday.com/dta/ARJ21/index.html |title=中国首架自主知识产权新支线飞机-上海频道-东方新闻-东方网 |publisher=Sh.eastday.com |access-date=2010-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526004545/http://sh.eastday.com/dta/ARJ21/index.html |archive-date=2010-05-26 |url-status=live }}</ref> The ARJ21's development did depend heavily on foreign suppliers, including engines and avionics from the [[United States]]. The ARJ21 has a new [[supercritical wing]] designed by [[Antonov]] with a [[Swept wing|sweepback]] of 25&nbsp;degrees and [[Wingtip device|winglets]].<ref name="Antonov">{{cite web|url=http://www.antonov.com/news/index.xml?news=antk-main%2Fnews_20071224.xml|title=Website "Antonov": News|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://timetravel.mementoweb.org/memento/2011/http://www.antonov.com/news/index.xml?news=antk-main/news_20071224.xml|archive-date=2018-01-24}}</ref><ref name="AINonlineARJ21">{{cite web | title=ARJ21-A | work=AINonline | url=http://www.ainonline.com/Features/regionalbusaircraft/arj21a.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060204221503/http://www.ainonline.com/Features/regionalbusaircraft/arj21a.html | archive-date=2006-02-04 | access-date=2006-06-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deagel.com/news/Chinese-ARJ21-700-Airliner-Roll-Out_n000003364.aspx|title=Chinese ARJ21-700 Airliner Roll-Out|access-date=2008-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414213324/http://www.deagel.com/news/Chinese-ARJ21-700-Airliner-Roll-Out_n000003364.aspx|archive-date=2008-04-14|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of China's [[supercomputers]] have been used to design parts for the ARJ21.<ref>{{Citation
| last = Davis | first = Bob
| title = China's Not-So-Super Computers
| newspaper = The Wall Street Journal
| date = 23 March 2012
| url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303812904577298062429510918?google_editors_picks=true
| access-date = 25 March 2012
}}</ref>


===Manufacturer===
===Manufacturers===
Members of the ACAC consortium, which was formed to develop the aircraft, will manufacture major components of the aircraft:
Members of the ACAC consortium, which was formed to develop the aircraft, will manufacture major components of the aircraft:
* [[Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group]]: construction of the nose
* [[Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group]]: construction of the nose
* [[Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation|Xi'an Aircraft Company]]: construction of the wings and fuselage; wing designed by Antonov
* [[Shenyang Aircraft Corporation]]: construction of the [[empennage]]
* [[Shanghai Aircraft Company]]: final assembly
* [[Shanghai Aircraft Company]]: final assembly
* [[General Electric]]: [[General Electric CF34|CF-34 turbofan]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geaviation.com/press/business_general/bus_20141230.html|title=CF3410APowered ARJ21 Regional Jet Certified by CAAC|date=December 30, 2014|publisher=General Electric Company|access-date=2015-12-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906084639/http://www.geaviation.com/press/business_general/bus_20141230.html|archive-date=2015-09-06|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Shenyang Aircraft Corporation]]: construction of the empennage (complete tail unit)
* [[Collins Aerospace]]: Avionics
* [[Xian Aircraft Company]]: construction of the wings and fuselage
* Various domestic and international suppliers of component's suppliers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.airframer.com/aircraft_detail.html?model=ARJ21|title=COMAC ARJ21 – program supplier guide|publisher=Airframer.com|access-date=2010-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707100234/http://www.airframer.com/aircraft_detail.html?model=ARJ21|archive-date=2011-07-07|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Wong, Chun Han, China's first jetliner set to take off after delays, Wall Street Journal, p.B2</ref>

The Shanghai Aircraft Research Institute and the [[Xian Aircraft Design and Research Institute]], which are also members of the consortium, are responsible for the design.


==Variants==
==Variants==
;C909-700 [ARJ21-700]
* '''ARJ21-700''' – baseline model which will have a capacity of 70 to 95 passengers.
* '''ARJ21-900''' – stretched fuselage model based on the ARJ-700, which will have a capacity of 95 to 105 passengers.
:Baseline model which has a capacity of 70 to 95 passengers.
;C909-900 [ARJ21-900]
* '''ARJ21F''' – dedicated freighter version of the ARJ21-700. It will have a capacity of 5 LD7 containers or PIP pallets, with a maximum payload of 10,150&nbsp;kg.
* '''ARJ21B''' – business jet version of the ARJ21-700. A typical configuration would cater for 20 passengers.
:Stretched fuselage model based on the C909-700 [ARJ21-700], which will have a capacity of 95 to 105 passengers.
;C909F [ARJ21F]
:Planned dedicated freighter version of the C909-700 [ARJ21-700]. It will have a capacity of five LD7 containers or [[Unit load device|PIP]] pallets, with a maximum payload of 10,150&nbsp;kg.
;C909P2F [ARJ21-700P2F]
:The C909P2F is designed with a maximum payload of 10,150kg and is compatible with PMC, PAG and AKE cargo containers.<ref name=":0" /> The first aircraft began conversion operations on 22 December, 2022 at [[GAMECO]] in Guangzhou, China.<ref>{{Cite web |title=【罗戈网】 圆通航空与中国商飞举行ARJ21-700全球首架客改货原型机大开口切割仪式 |url=http://www.logclub.com/m/articleInfo/NDI0MjI= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117051804/http://www.logclub.com/m/articleInfo/NDI0MjI= |archive-date=2023-01-17 |access-date=2023-01-17 |website=www.logclub.com}}</ref> The first batch of conversions involves two C909-700 [ARJ21-700] aircraft originally operated by Chengdu Airlines and returned to COMAC in 2021.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=网易 |date=2022-10-04 |title=ARJ21货机首飞，配备大侧舱门，C919也应尽早发展客改货 |url=https://www.163.com/dy/article/HIS4GIBK0535013N.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006065054/https://www.163.com/dy/article/HIS4GIBK0535013N.html |archive-date=2022-10-06 |access-date=2023-01-17 |website=www.163.com}}</ref>
;C909B [ARJ21B]
:Planned business jet version of the C909-700 [ARJ21-700]. A typical configuration would cater for 20 passengers.

==Operators==
{{main|List of Comac C909 operators}}
[[File:20231118 Comac ARJ21-700 of China Southern Airlines (B-653Z) at CGO 02.jpg|thumb|China Southern Airlines' ARJ21]]
[[File:B-123A@PEK (20210201163927).jpg|thumb|OTT Airlines' ARJ21]]
[[File:Transnusa ARJ-21.jpg|thumb|TransNusa ARJ21, the first operator outside China]]

As of October 2018, there were six aircraft in commercial service with an average monthly utilization rate of around 30 hours.<ref name=Flight26oct2018>{{cite news |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-comac-marches-forward-with-arj21-and-c919-452053/ |title=Comac marches forward with ARJ21 and C919 |date=26 October 2018 |author=Firdaus Hashim |work=Flightglobal |access-date=2018-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028112303/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-comac-marches-forward-with-arj21-and-c919-452053/ |archive-date=2018-10-28 |url-status=live }}</ref>

By the end of 2021, 66 aircraft had been delivered to customers.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shaw-Smith|first=Peter|title=Deliveries of Comac's ARJ21 Approach 70 Units|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2022-02-15/deliveries-comacs-arj21-approach-70-units|access-date=2022-02-23|website=Aviation International News|language=en}}</ref> And by the end of 2022, 100 aircraft have been delivered.<ref>{{Cite web |title=100th Chinese-developed ARJ21 jetliner delivered-Xinhua |url=https://english.news.cn/20221229/2318583c5c914e7f98777bc3a5957bd6/c.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229150837/https://english.news.cn/20221229/2318583c5c914e7f98777bc3a5957bd6/c.html |archive-date=2022-12-29 |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=english.news.cn}}</ref>

===Orders and deliveries===
As of 31 August 2018, Comac had 221 outstanding orders, after 23 deliveries to launch operator [[Chengdu Airlines]] who put it in service on 28 June 2016.<ref name="Flight26oct20182">{{cite news|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-comac-marches-forward-with-arj21-and-c919-452053/|title=Comac marches forward with ARJ21 and C919|author=Firdaus Hashim|date=26 October 2018|work=Flightglobal|access-date=2018-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028112303/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-comac-marches-forward-with-arj21-and-c919-452053/|archive-date=2018-10-28|url-status=live}}</ref>



'''Executing orders'''<ref name="rzjet" />
==Orders and options==
The following table is current as of 27 September 2024. Note that the numbers listed in the table have been obtained by cross-referencing the two web-based sources cited in the footnotes. Also note that the numbers listed are for the initial annual deliveries to (non-[[COMAC]]) commercial operators and do not necessarily reflect the number of airframes currently operated by each listed operator; as a result, the total number delivered may exceed the total number of airframes cited in the original contracts.
[[Image:Joy air.jpg|thumb|250px|right|ARJ 21 from Joy Air]]
{| class="wikitable"
Entries shaded in pink have been announced, but have not yet signed a firm contract.
! rowspan="2" |Date
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="3"
! rowspan="2" |Airline
! rowspan="2" |Confirmed
(+Options)
! colspan="10" |Deliveries
|-
|-
!2015
! rowspan="2" | Date
!2016
! rowspan="2" | Airline
!2017
! rowspan="2" | EIS
!2018
! colspan="7" | Type
!2019
!2020
!2021
!2022
!2023
!2024
|-
|-
| 8/30/2019
! ARJ21-700
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Air China]]
! ARJ21-900
|35
! ARJ21F
|
! ARJ21B
|
! &nbsp;TBA&nbsp;
|
! Options
|
! Rights
|
|3
|4
|8
|9
|8<ref name="TPHuang-19Dec2024" />
|-
|-
| 1/2010
| rowspan="3"|September 2003
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Chengdu Airlines]]
|[[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px|]] [[Shanghai Airlines]]<ref name="flightglobal">{{cite flightglobal
|30
|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/Articles/2003/09/23/171605/Three+carriers+place+ARJ21+orders.html
|1
|title=Three carriers place ARJ21 orders
|1
|date=2003-09-23
|2
|accessdate=2006-07-03
|6
}}</ref>
|8
|valign="top"|2008
|6
|align="center" valign="top"|5
|6
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|4
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|5<ref name="TPHuang-19Dec2024" />
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|-
|-
| 8/30/2019
|[[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px|]] [[Shenzhen Airlines]]<ref name="flightglobal"/>
|{{flagicon|China}} [[OTT Airlines]] (Subsidiary of [[China Eastern Airlines]])
|valign="top"|2008
|35
|align="center" valign="top"|10
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|2
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|5
|10
|
|7<ref name="TPHuang-28Sept2024" />
|-
|-
|11/2020
|[[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px|]] [[Shenzhen Financial Leasing]]<ref name="flightglobal"/>
|{{flagicon|China}} [[China Express Airlines]]
|valign="top"|2008
|50
|align="center" valign="top"|20
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|2
|align="center" valign="top"|&nbsp;
|1
|- style="background: #ffdddd;"
|3
|March 2004
|2
|[[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px|]] [[Xiamen Airlines]]<ref>{{cite flightglobal
|2<ref name="TPHuang-19Dec2024" />
|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/Articles/2004/08/03/185359/ARJ21+orderbook+climbs+to+41+as+Xiamen+signs+up.html
|-
|title=ARJ21 orderbook climbs to 41 as Xiamen signs up
| 8/30/2019
|date=2004-08-03
|{{flagicon|China}} [[China Southern Airlines]]
|accessdate=2006-07-03
|35
}}</ref> <ref>Although the Xiamen order for six was reported in some press as firm, ACAC's own web site still shows them as "options".</ref>
|
|2008
|
|align="center"|6
|
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|3
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|4
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;
|8
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;
|9
|9<ref name="TPHuang-19Dec2024" />
|-
| 12/2019
|{{flagicon|China}} China Flight General Aviation Company (CFGAC)
|2
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|
|
|
|1<ref name="TPHuang-30Oct2024" />
|-
| 8/20/2018
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Genghis Khan Airlines]]
|25(+25)
|
|
|
|
|3
|2
|
|
|1
|1<ref name="TPHuang-28Sept2024" />
|-
|-
| 1/2020
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Jiangxi Air]]
|5
|
|
|
|
|
|3
|2
|
|
|
|-
|
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Urumqi Air]]
|5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| 12/2022
|{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} [[TransNusa]]
|30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|1
|1
|1<ref name="TPHuang-28Sept2024" />
|-
| 11/2024
|{{Flagicon|China}} [[Hainan Airlines]]
|40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| 11/2024
|{{Flagicon|China}} [[Colorful Guizhou Airlines]]
|20(+10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" , |Totals
! rowspan="2" |312(+35)
!1
!1
!2
!6
!12
!22
!22
!34
!22
!34
|-
! colspan="10" |156
|}



'''Reported Orders'''
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Date
! rowspan="2" |Airline
! colspan="4" |Type
! rowspan="2" |[[Option (aircraft purchasing)|Options]]
! rowspan="2" |Rights
|-
!ARJ21-700
!ARJ21-700F
!ARJ21-700P2F
!ARJ21B
|-
| rowspan="3" |September 2003
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Shanghai Airlines]]<ref name="flightglobal2">{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/Articles/2003/09/23/171605/Three+carriers+place+ARJ21+orders.html|title=Three carriers place ARJ21 orders|date=2003-09-23|work=Flight International|access-date=2006-07-03|publisher=Reed Business Information}}</ref>
|5
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Shandong Airlines]]<ref name="flightglobal2" />
|10
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Shenzhen Financial Leasing]]<ref name="flightglobal2" />
|20
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|March 2004
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Xiamen Airlines]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/Articles/2004/08/03/185359/ARJ21+orderbook+climbs+to+41+as+Xiamen+signs+up.html|title=ARJ21 orderbook climbs to 41 as Xiamen signs up|date=2004-08-03|work=Flight International|access-date=2006-07-03|publisher=Reed Business Information}}</ref>{{efn|Although the Xiamen order for six was reported in some press as firm, ACAC's own web site still shows them as "options"}}
|37{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|December 2007
|December 2007
|{{flagicon|China}}<s> [[Henan Airlines]]</s><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7155452.stm|title=Ceremony inaugurates Chinese jet|date=2007-11-21|work=Flight International|access-date=2008-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224100605/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7155452.stm|archive-date=2007-12-24|url-status=live|publisher=Reed Business Information}}</ref><ref>AVIC announced a new order for 100 planes from Kunpeng Airlines, a Sino-US joint venture, raising the total number of orders to date to 170.</ref>
|[[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px|]] [[Kunpeng Airlines]]<ref>{{cite flightglobal
|<s>100</s>
|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7155452.stm
|
|title=Ceremony inaugurates Chinese jet
|
|date=2007-11-21
|
|accessdate=2008-01-02
|
}}</ref> <ref>AVIC announced a new order for 100 planes from Kunpeng Airlines, a Sino-US joint venture, raising the total number of orders to date to 170.</ref>
|
|2008
|align="center"|100
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;

|-
|-
|December 2007
|rowspan="2"|March 2008
|{{flagicon|Laos}} [[9nes]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/08/24/216287/building-a-future-the-avic-i-arj21-700-programme.html|title=Building a future: The AVIC I ARJ21-700 programme|date=2007-08-07|work=Flight International|access-date=2009-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090528120124/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/08/24/216287/building-a-future-the-avic-i-arj21-700-programme.html|archive-date=2009-05-28|url-status=live|publisher=Reed Business Information}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ainonline.com/news/single-news-page/article/china-lays-plans-for-arj21-900/?no_cache=1|title=China lays plans for ARJ21-900|author=K.K. Chadha|publisher=AINonline|access-date=2010-10-25}} {{dead link|date=September 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[GECAS]]<ref>{{cite flightglobal
|2
|url=http://www.deagel.com/Regional-Jets/ARJ21-700_a000128001.aspx
|
|title=ARJ21-700
|
|date=2007-11-21
|
|accessdate=2008-06-20
|
}}</ref>
|
|2008
|-
|align="center"|5
| rowspan="2" |March 2008
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|{{flagicon|United States}} <s>[[GECAS]]</s><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gecas.com/news20080511.asp|title=GE Commercial Aviation Services Announces Purchase of Five ARJ21-700ER Regional Jet Aircraft from Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, LTD (COMAC); Options for Additional 20 Aircraft|date=2008-11-21|access-date=2010-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101120025620/http://www.gecas.com/news20080511.asp|archive-date=2010-11-20|url-status=dead|publisher=Gecas }}</ref>
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|<s>5</s>
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|20
|
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;
|<s>20</s>
|
|-
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Joy Air]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.avbuyer.com.cn/e/2008/22420.html|title=China Eastern, AVIC I launch Joy Air|date=2008-04-01|work=Flight International|access-date=2008-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007000957/http://www.avbuyer.com.cn/e/2008/22420.html|archive-date=2008-10-07|url-status=dead|publisher=Reed Business Information}}</ref>
|50
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|May 2010
|{{flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Merukh Enterprises]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/05/21/342225/china-exporting-arj21s-and-other-aircraft-to-indonesia.html|title=China exporting ARJ21s and other aircraft to Indonesia|publisher=Flightglobal.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604001955/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/05/21/342225/china-exporting-arj21s-and-other-aircraft-to-indonesia.html|archive-date=2010-06-04|url-status=live|access-date=2010-06-02}}</ref>
|10
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|November 11, 2014
|{{flagicon|Congo}} [[Republic of Congo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201411/20/t20141120_2106615.shtml|title=The Republic of Congo announces to order three ARJ21-700 aircraft|work=comac.cc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227092848/http://english.comac.cc/news/latest/201411/20/t20141120_2106615.shtml|archive-date=2014-12-27|url-status=live|access-date=2014-12-27}}</ref>
|4
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|March 9, 2015
|{{flagicon|China}} [[ICBC Leasing]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatopix.com/articles/41327/20150309/icbc-leasing-buys-30-china-made-jets.htm|title=I.C.B.C. Leasing orders thirty ARJ21-700 aircraft|work=comac.cc|date=9 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311205009/http://www.chinatopix.com/articles/41327/20150309/icbc-leasing-buys-30-china-made-jets.htm|archive-date=2015-03-11|url-status=live|access-date=2015-03-10}}</ref>
|30
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|August 30, 2019
|{{flagicon|China}} [[China Eastern Airlines]]<ref name="reuters">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-air-china-comac/chinas-top-airlines-to-buy-arj21-jets-from-comac-idUSKCN1VK139/|title=China's top airlines to buy ARJ21 jets from COMAC|publisher=reuters.com|access-date=2 September 2019}}</ref>
|35
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|October, 2022
|[[Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|20px|]] [[Joy Air]]<ref>{{cite flightglobal
|{{flagicon|China}} [[Longhao Airlines]]
|url=http://www.avbuyer.com.cn/e/2008/22420.html
|
|title=China Eastern, AVIC I launch Joy Air
|50<ref name=":1" />
|date=2008-04-01
|
|accessdate=2008-04-01
|
}}</ref>
|
|2008
|
|align="center"|10
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center"|&nbsp;
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;
|align="center" style="background: #f9f9f9;"|&nbsp;
<!-- |align="center"|&nbsp; -->
<!--BEGINNING OF ORDER SUMMARY-->
|-
|-
|November, 2022
!colspan="3"|Sub-totals
|{{flagicon|China}} [[YTO Cargo Airlines]]{{cn|date=June 2024}}
!align="center"|156 <!-- ARJ21-700 -->
|70
!align="center"|0 <!--- ARJ21-700 -->
|
!align="center"|0 <!--- ARJ21F -->
|2<ref name=":1" />
!align="center"|0 <!--- ARJ21B -->
|
!align="center"|0 <!--- TBA/TBD -->
|
!align="center"|20 <!--- Options -->
|
!align="center"|0 <!--- Purchase rights -->
|-
|-
|20 September 2023
|{{flagicon|Brunei}} [[GallopAir]]<ref name="TheStar20Sep2023">{{Cite news |date=20 September 2023 |title=Brunei's Gallop Air places US$2bil order for China-made C919, ARJ21 jets |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2023/09/22/brunei039s-gallop-air-places-us2bil-order-for-china-made-c919-arj21-jets}}</ref>
|12
|
|3<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bizbrunei.com/2023/11/behind-gallopair-ambitious-bid-to-position-brunei-as-a-regional-travel-hub/ | title=Behind GallopAir's ambitious bid to position Brunei as a regional travel hub - Biz Brunei | date=3 November 2023 }}</ref>
|
|
|
|-
|-
!colspan="3"|Totals
! colspan="2" |Totals
! colspan="4" |345 Orders
!colspan="5"|216 Orders<ref>[http://www.atwonline.com/news/story.html?storyID=14600 China receives first Western ARJ21 order<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> <!-- Orders/Commitments total -->
!colspan="2"|0 <!--- Options/Rights total -->
! colspan="2" |20
|}
|}
{{notelist}}


An Indonesian airline will fly with its entire fleet consisting of 60 ARJ21 aircraft, although as of now that airline is not specified.<ref name="scmp">{{cite news|title=Indonesian airline will be first to fly fleet entirely of ARJ21s|url=http://www.scmp.com/business/article/1989044/indonesian-airline-will-be-first-fly-fleet-entirely-arj21s|date=12 July 2016|work=South China Morning Post|language=en|access-date=2017-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227062402/http://www.scmp.com/business/article/1989044/indonesian-airline-will-be-first-fly-fleet-entirely-arj21s|archive-date=2017-02-27|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Note that EIS dates on this table have not been updated to reflect the delay in EIS to 2009 mentioned earlier


==Specifications (ARJ21-700)==
==Specifications==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; color:black;"
{{aero-specs}}
|-
{{aircraft specifications
!

! C909-700
|plane or copter?=plane
! C909-900
|jet or prop?=jet
|-

|crew=
![[Cockpit]] crew
| colspan=2 | Two
|capacity=78-85 passengers
|-
* '''First class:''' 38 in seat pitch with 2+2 seating arrangement
! [[Seating capacity]]
* '''Economy class:''' 32 in seat pitch with 3+2 seating arrangement
| 90 (1-class)<br>78 (2-class)
|payload main=16.799 m³
| 105 (1-class)<br>98 (2-class)
|payload alt=593.25 ft³)
|-
* '''Cabin length:''' 18.426 m (60 [[foot (length)|ft]] 5.43 [[inch|in]]
![[Airline seat|Seat]] pitch
|length main= 33.46 m
|colspan=2 | 31 in (1-class), 36 & 32 in (2-class)
|length alt= 109 ft 9 in
|-
|span main=27.29 m
! Length
|span alt=89 ft 7 in
| {{convert|33.46|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|height main=8.44 m
| {{convert|36.35|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|height alt=27 ft 8 in
|-
|area main= 79.86m²
![[Wingspan]]
|area alt= 859.61ft²
|colspan=2 | {{convert|27.28|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|empty weight main= 24.955kg
|-
|empty weight alt= 55,016[[pound (mass)|lb]]
![[Wing]] area
|loaded weight main= kg
| colspan=2| {{convert|79.86|sqm|sqft|abbr=on}}
|loaded weight alt= lb
|-
|max takeoff weight main=40,500 kg
![[Swept wing|Wing sweepback]]
|max takeoff weight alt=89,300 lb)
| colspan=2| 25 degrees
* '''Fuel tank capacity:''' 10,386 kg (22,897 lb
|-

! Height
|number of jets=2
| colspan=2 | {{convert|8.44|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|engine (jet)=[[General Electric CF34]]-10A
|-
|type of jet=[[turbofan]]s
![[Aircraft cabin|Cabin]] width
|thrust main= 68.20 kN
| colspan=2 | {{convert|3.14|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|thrust alt=15,332 [[pound-force|lbf]]
|-

! Cabin height
|cruise speed main=0.78 [[Mach number|Mach]]
| colspan=2 | {{convert|2.03|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|cruise speed alt=829 km/h, 515 [[mph]]
|-
|ceiling main=11,900 m
! Aisle width
|ceiling alt=39,042 ft
| colspan=2 | {{convert|48.3|cm|in|abbr=on}}
|climb rate main= m/s
|-
|climb rate alt= ft/min
! Seat width
|loading main=<!-- kg/m²-->
| colspan=2 | {{convert|45.5|cm|in|abbr=on}}
|loading alt=<!-- lb/ft²-->
|-
|range main=3,700km (2,000nm)<br/>
![[Operating empty weight|OEW]]
* '''Standard:''' {{convert|1200|nmi|km|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|24955|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|range alt=1,400 [[statute mile|mi]], 2,200 km)
| {{convert|26270|kg|lb|abbr=on}} STD<br>{{convert|26770|kg|lb|abbr=on}} ER
* '''Extended:''' 2,000 nmi (2,300 mi, 3,700 km)
|-
}}
![[Maximum takeoff weight|MTOW]]
| {{convert|40500|kg|lb|abbr=on}} STD<br>{{convert|43500|kg|lb|abbr=on}} ER
| {{convert|43616|kg|lb|abbr=on}} STD<br>{{convert|47182|kg|lb|abbr=on}} ER
|-
![[Cargo aircraft|Cargo]] capacity
| {{convert|20.14|m3|cuft|abbr=on}}
| -
|-
![[Takeoff|Take-off]] run at MTOW
| {{convert|1700|m|ft|abbr=on}} STD<br>{{convert|1900|m|ft|abbr=on}} ER
| {{convert|1750|m|ft|abbr=on}} STD<br>{{convert|1950|m|ft|abbr=on}} ER
|-
! Service ceiling
| colspan=2 | {{convert|11900|m|abbr=on}}
|-
! Max. operating [[speed]]
| colspan=2 | [[Mach number|Mach]] 0.82 (870&nbsp;km/h; 470&nbsp;[[knot (unit)|kn]]; 541&nbsp;mph)
|-
! Normal cruise speed
| colspan=2 | Mach 0.78 (828&nbsp;km/h; 447&nbsp;kn; 514&nbsp;mph)
|-
! [[Range (aeronautics)|Range]] (fully loaded)
| {{cvt|1200|nmi|lk=in}} STD<br>{{cvt|2000|nmi}} ER
| {{cvt|1200|nmi}} STD<br>{{cvt|1800|nmi}} ER
|-
! Maximum [[Fuel tank|fuel]] load
| {{convert|10386|kg|abbr=on}}
| -
|-
![[Jet engine|Powerplants]] (2x)
| colspan=2 | [[General Electric CF34]]-10A<ref>{{Cite web|title=Datasheet-CF34-10A|url=https://www.geaviation.com/sites/default/files/datasheet-CF34-10A.pdf}}</ref>
|-
! Engine [[thrust]]
| {{convert|17057|lbf|kN|order=flip|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|18500|lbf|kN|order=flip|abbr=on}}
|}
* ''Notes:'' Data are provided for reference only. STD = Standard Range, ER = Extended Range
* ''Sources:'' ARJ21 Series,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.acac.com.cn/site_en/product.asp |title=ARJ21 Series page |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090713064343/http://www.acac.com.cn/site_en/product.asp |archive-date=2009-07-13}}</ref> [[International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences|ICAS]]<ref>[http://www.icas.org/media/pdf/ICAS%20Congress%20General%20Lectures/2010/ICAS-2010-0.5_ARJ21-700_en.pdf ARJ21-700 Specifications] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203013404/http://www.icas.org/media/pdf/ICAS%20Congress%20General%20Lectures/2010/ICAS-2010-0.5_ARJ21-700_en.pdf |date=2013-12-03 }} at icas.org</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|China|Aviation}}
{{aircontent
{{aircontent
|related=
|related=
* [[Boeing 717]]
* [[McDonnell Douglas MD-80/MD-90]]

|similar aircraft=
|similar aircraft=
* [[Antonov An-148]]
* [[Bombardier CRJ700|Bombardier CRJ700/900/1000]]
* [[Embraer E-Jets|Embraer 170/190]]
* [[Fokker 100]]
* [[Sukhoi Superjet 100]]
* [[Sukhoi Superjet 100]]
* [[Bombardier CRJ700 series]]
* [[Embraer E-Jet family|Embraer E-Jets]]
* [[Fokker 100]]
* [[Mitsubishi Regional Jet]]
* [[Mitsubishi Regional Jet]]
* [[Antonov An-148]]
* [[Tupolev Tu-334]]

|lists=
|lists=
* [[List of jet airliners]]
* [[List of airliners]]
* [[List of airliners]]
* [[List of Chinese aircraft]]
* [[List of Chinese aircraft]]

|see also=
|see also=
* [[Shanghai Y-10]]
* [[Comac C919]]
* [[Xian MA60]]
}}
}}


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
{{Reflist}}
<ref name="TPHuang-28Sept2024">{{cite web|url= https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1840104793018142829 |title=28/09/2024 @tphuang twitter post |work=twitter.com |access-date=1 October 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="TPHuang-30Oct2024">{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1851754091023900937 |title=30/10/2024 @tphuang twitter post |work=twitter.com |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="TPHuang-19Dec2024">{{cite web|url= https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1869715102225559665 |title=19/12/2024 @tphuang twitter post |work=twitter.com |access-date=19 December 2024}}</ref>
}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Comac ARJ21}}
* [http://www.acac.com.cn/enindex.asp ACAC Manufacturer of ARJ21]
* [http://www.aerospace-technology.com/projects/arj21/index.html Aerospace Technology on ARJ21]
* [http://english.comac.cc/products/rj/ ACAC Manufacturer of ARJ21]
* {{cite web|last1=Toh|first1=Mavis|title=Comac working toward November ARJ21 delivery|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-comac-working-toward-november-arj21-delivery-416103/|work=Flightglobal|date=27 August 2015|ref=none}}

* {{cite news|last1=Govindasamy|first1=Siva|last2=Miller|first2=Matthew|title=China-made regional jet set for delivery, but no U.S. certification|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-aircraft-arj21-exclusive-idUSKCN0SF2XN20151021|date=21 October 2015|work=Reuters|ref=none}}
{{aviation lists}}
* {{cite web|title=ACAC Selection Of GE's CF34 Engine|url=https://www.geaviation.com/press-release/cf34-engine-family/background-data-acac-selection-ges-cf34-engine}}


{{Comac aircraft}}
[[Category:People's Republic of China airliners 2000-2009]]
{{AVIC Aero Products}}
[[Category:Upcoming aircraft]]
[[Category:ACAC aircraft]]
[[Category:Jet aircraft]]
[[Category:Multiple engine aircraft]]
[[Category:High wing aircraft]]


[[Category:Comac aircraft]]
[[de:ARJ21]]
[[Category:2000s Chinese airliners]]
[[fr:ACAC ARJ21]]
[[ko:ACAC ARJ21]]
[[Category:Twinjets]]
[[hu:ACAC ARJ21]]
[[Category:T-tail aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 2008]]
[[ja:ARJ21]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]
[[pt:ACAC ARJ21]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[fi:ACAC ARJ21]]
[[zh:翔鳳]]

Latest revision as of 21:00, 26 December 2024

C909 Xiangfeng
A C909 of Chengdu Airlines, the type's launch operator
General information
TypeRegional jet
ManufacturerComac
DesignerACAC consortium
StatusIn production, in service
Primary userChengdu Airlines[1]
Number built156 (as of 18 December 2024)[2][3]
History
Manufactured2007–present[2]
Introduction date28 June 2016 with Chengdu Airlines[4]
First flightNovember 28, 2008 (2008-11-28)

The Comac C909, originally known as the ARJ21 Xiangfeng (Chinese: 翔凤; pinyin: xiángfèng; lit. 'Soaring Phoenix'), is a 78–90 seat regional jet manufactured by the Chinese state-owned aerospace company Comac.

Development of the ARJ21 began in March 2002, led by the state-owned ACAC consortium. The first prototype was rolled out on 21 December 2007, and made its maiden flight on 28 November 2008 from Shanghai. It received its CAAC Type Certification on 30 December 2014 and was introduced on 28 June 2016 by Chengdu Airlines. The ACAC consortium was reorganized in 2009 as part of Comac and the jet was rebranded as the C909 in November 2024.

It features a 25° swept, supercritical wing designed by Antonov and twin rear-mounted General Electric CF34 engines. 100 airframes had been delivered by the end of 2022.[2]

Development

[edit]
Joy Air ARJ21 Model at the 2008 China Airshow
Typical economy cabin with 2–3 seating

The development of the ARJ21 (Advanced Regional Jet) is a key project in the "10th Five-Year Plan" of China. It began in March 2002 and was led by the state-owned ACAC consortium. The maiden flight of the ARJ21 was initially planned to take place in 2005 with commercial service beginning 18 months later.[5] The programme became eight years behind schedule.[6] The design work was delayed and the final trial production stage did not begin until June 2006.[7]

The first prototype (serial number 101) rolled out on 21 December 2007,[8] with a maiden flight on 28 November 2008 at Shanghai's Dachang Airfield.[citation needed] The aircraft completed a long-distance test flight on 15 July 2009, flying from Shanghai to Xi'an in 2 hours 19 minutes, over a distance of 1,300 km. The second ARJ21 (serial number 102) completed the same test flight route on 24 August 2009. The third aircraft (serial number 103) similarly completed its first test flight on 12 September 2009.[9] The fourth aircraft (CN 104) flew by November 2010. By August 2011, static, flutter and crosswind flight tests had been completed.[10]

The ARJ21 is a small jet aircraft that looks similar to the McDonnell Douglas MD-80.[11] However, the company claims that the ARJ21 is a completely indigenous design. The ACAC consortium was reorganized in 2009 and became a part of COMAC.[12]

Key flight tests and CAAC certification

[edit]

AC104 returned to China on April 28, 2014, after completing natural-icing tests in North America. This was the first time a turbofan-powered regional jet independently developed by China had flown abroad to carry out flight tests in special weather conditions. At the same time, other flight-test aircraft covered more than 30,000 km across Asia, America, Europe, and the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Natural-icing tests are required for airworthiness certification, and conducting these tests outside China showed it was feasible to do certification tests for civil aircraft in other countries.[13]

The first production aircraft flew on 18 June 2014.[6] and AC104 completed an airspeed calibration flight on October 30. Route-proving started on October 29, 2014, and AC105 made 83 flights between ten airports in Chengdu, Guiyang, Guilin, Haikou, Fuzhou, Zhoushan, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Yinchuan and Xianyang. The cumulative flight time was 173 hours and 55 minutes.[14] By November 2014, AC104 had completed 711 flights in 1,442 hours and 23 minutes. Certification tests included stall, high-speed, noise and simulated and natural icing.[15] AC105 returned to Yanliang airport on December 16, 2014, from Xi'an Xianyang International Airport after the last function and reliability flight. This completed the testing for the ARJ21-700 airworthiness certificate.

The ARJ21-700 received its Type Certification under Chapter 25 of the Chinese civil aviation regulations from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), on December 30, 2014.[16] The certification program for the CAAC required 5,000 hours.[17] An ARJ21-700 completed a final demonstration flight on 12 September 2015 before being delivered to a customer.

Introduction

[edit]
Chengdu Airlines' ARJ21 at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport in 2019
The first ARJ21 for Air China was delivered on 28 June 2020

On 29 November 2015, COMAC delivered the first ARJ21-700 to Chengdu Airlines.[18] The first commercial flight took off from Chengdu Shuangliu Airport on June 28, 2016, landing in Shanghai two hours later,[19][20] one day after its commercial flight was approved by the CAAC. During the summer schedule period of 2016, i.e. until October 29, 2016, the ARJ21-700 was scheduled to operate three weekly rotations between Chengdu and Shanghai Hongqiao. 85 flight segments were operated by ARJ21 (81 by B-3321, four by B-3322).

Further developments

[edit]

In June 2018 an ARJ21-700+ was proposed for 2021 with weight and drag reductions. Subsequently, a -900 stretch version was designed to accommodate 115 all-economy seats, similar to the Bombardier CRJ900, Embraer E175-E2 or Mitsubishi MRJ90. Structurally conservative and designed for hot and high operations, the ARJ21's 25 t (55,000 lb) empty weight is higher than initially targeted in 2002, and also higher than competing aircraft. In 2018 an executive version was in final assembly and a cargo variant was proposed.[21]

Freighter conversion program

[edit]
B-3388, one of the first two aircraft converted to ARJ21P2F, in Air Central livery at the 2024 Singapore Airshow

The ARJ21 Passenger to Freighter (P2F) conversion program began in May 2020; the type certification and testing program was completed in December 2022 and the type certified by the CAAC on 1 January, 2023.[22]

The first two ARJ21 converted freighters (B-3329 and B-3388) were delivered to customers on 30 October 2023. The two airframes were initially delivered to Chengdu Airlines in 2018 in the passenger configuration and were subsequently withdrawn for the P2F program in 2021. Airframe B-3329 was handed over to YTO Cargo Airlines which intends to operate the type on short-haul international routes while airframe B-3388 was delivered to Air Central (based in Zhengzhou, China) for flights on domestic routes.[23] The converted freighters have a maximum payload capacity of 10 tonnes and a range of about 1500 nautical miles (2780 km).[23]

Production

[edit]

In early July 2017, the CAAC certified the ARJ21 for mass production.[24] On 6 March 2020, the first ARJ21 assembled at the second production line in Pudong, took its first production test flight.[25] The second production line, with a production capacity of up to 30 jets a year, is located at the same facility that assembles the C919.[25]

Rebranding

[edit]

In October 2024, images of an ARJ21 in C909 livery emerged.[26] Comac officially announced the rebranding at the Zhuhai Air Show in November 2024.[27] This brings the naming in line with the convention of Comac's other two programmes, the C919 and C929.

Design

[edit]

Several sources have noted that the ARJ21 closely resembles the McDonnell Douglas MD-80 and the MD-90, which were produced under licence in China.[11][28] Comac states that the ARJ21 is a completely indigenous design.[29][30][31] The ARJ21's development did depend heavily on foreign suppliers, including engines and avionics from the United States. The ARJ21 has a new supercritical wing designed by Antonov with a sweepback of 25 degrees and winglets.[32][33][34] Some of China's supercomputers have been used to design parts for the ARJ21.[35]

Manufacturers

[edit]

Members of the ACAC consortium, which was formed to develop the aircraft, will manufacture major components of the aircraft:

Variants

[edit]
C909-700 [ARJ21-700]
Baseline model which has a capacity of 70 to 95 passengers.
C909-900 [ARJ21-900]
Stretched fuselage model based on the C909-700 [ARJ21-700], which will have a capacity of 95 to 105 passengers.
C909F [ARJ21F]
Planned dedicated freighter version of the C909-700 [ARJ21-700]. It will have a capacity of five LD7 containers or PIP pallets, with a maximum payload of 10,150 kg.
C909P2F [ARJ21-700P2F]
The C909P2F is designed with a maximum payload of 10,150kg and is compatible with PMC, PAG and AKE cargo containers.[22] The first aircraft began conversion operations on 22 December, 2022 at GAMECO in Guangzhou, China.[39] The first batch of conversions involves two C909-700 [ARJ21-700] aircraft originally operated by Chengdu Airlines and returned to COMAC in 2021.[40]
C909B [ARJ21B]
Planned business jet version of the C909-700 [ARJ21-700]. A typical configuration would cater for 20 passengers.

Operators

[edit]
Main article: List of Comac C909 operators
China Southern Airlines' ARJ21
OTT Airlines' ARJ21
TransNusa ARJ21, the first operator outside China

As of October 2018, there were six aircraft in commercial service with an average monthly utilization rate of around 30 hours.[17]

By the end of 2021, 66 aircraft had been delivered to customers.[41] And by the end of 2022, 100 aircraft have been delivered.[42]

Orders and deliveries

[edit]

As of 31 August 2018, Comac had 221 outstanding orders, after 23 deliveries to launch operator Chengdu Airlines who put it in service on 28 June 2016.[43]


Executing orders[2] The following table is current as of 27 September 2024. Note that the numbers listed in the table have been obtained by cross-referencing the two web-based sources cited in the footnotes. Also note that the numbers listed are for the initial annual deliveries to (non-COMAC) commercial operators and do not necessarily reflect the number of airframes currently operated by each listed operator; as a result, the total number delivered may exceed the total number of airframes cited in the original contracts.

Date Airline Confirmed

(+Options)

Deliveries
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
8/30/2019 China Air China 35 3 4 8 9 8[3]
1/2010 China Chengdu Airlines 30 1 1 2 6 8 6 6 4 5[3]
8/30/2019 China OTT Airlines (Subsidiary of China Eastern Airlines) 35 2 5 10 7[44]
11/2020 China China Express Airlines 50 2 1 3 2 2[3]
8/30/2019 China China Southern Airlines 35 3 4 8 9 9[3]
12/2019 China China Flight General Aviation Company (CFGAC) 2 1 1 1[45]
8/20/2018 China Genghis Khan Airlines 25(+25) 3 2 1 1[44]
1/2020 China Jiangxi Air 5 3 2
China Urumqi Air 5
12/2022 Indonesia TransNusa 30 1 1 1[44]
11/2024 China Hainan Airlines 40
11/2024 China Colorful Guizhou Airlines 20(+10)
Totals 312(+35) 1 1 2 6 12 22 22 34 22 34
156


Reported Orders

Date Airline Type Options Rights
ARJ21-700 ARJ21-700F ARJ21-700P2F ARJ21B
September 2003 China Shanghai Airlines[46] 5
China Shandong Airlines[46] 10
China Shenzhen Financial Leasing[46] 20
March 2004 China Xiamen Airlines[47][a] 37[citation needed]
December 2007 China Henan Airlines[48][49] 100
December 2007 Laos 9nes[50][51] 2
March 2008 United States GECAS[52] 5 20
China Joy Air[53] 50
May 2010 Indonesia Merukh Enterprises[54] 10
November 11, 2014 Republic of the Congo Republic of Congo[55] 4
March 9, 2015 China ICBC Leasing[56] 30
August 30, 2019 China China Eastern Airlines[57] 35
October, 2022 China Longhao Airlines 50[40]
November, 2022 China YTO Cargo Airlines[citation needed] 70 2[40]
20 September 2023 Brunei GallopAir[58] 12 3[59]
Totals 345 Orders 20
  1. ^ Although the Xiamen order for six was reported in some press as firm, ACAC's own web site still shows them as "options"

An Indonesian airline will fly with its entire fleet consisting of 60 ARJ21 aircraft, although as of now that airline is not specified.[60]

Specifications

[edit]
C909-700 C909-900
Cockpit crew Two
Seating capacity 90 (1-class)
78 (2-class) 		105 (1-class)
98 (2-class)
Seat pitch 31 in (1-class), 36 & 32 in (2-class)
Length 33.46 m (109 ft 9 in) 36.35 m (119 ft 3 in)
Wingspan 27.28 m (89 ft 6 in)
Wing area 79.86 m2 (859.6 sq ft)
Wing sweepback 25 degrees
Height 8.44 m (27 ft 8 in)
Cabin width 3.14 m (10 ft 4 in)
Cabin height 2.03 m (6 ft 8 in)
Aisle width 48.3 cm (19.0 in)
Seat width 45.5 cm (17.9 in)
OEW 24,955 kg (55,016 lb) 26,270 kg (57,920 lb) STD
26,770 kg (59,020 lb) ER
MTOW 40,500 kg (89,300 lb) STD
43,500 kg (95,900 lb) ER 		43,616 kg (96,157 lb) STD
47,182 kg (104,019 lb) ER
Cargo capacity 20.14 m3 (711 cu ft) -
Take-off run at MTOW 1,700 m (5,600 ft) STD
1,900 m (6,200 ft) ER 		1,750 m (5,740 ft) STD
1,950 m (6,400 ft) ER
Service ceiling 11,900 m (39,000 ft)
Max. operating speed Mach 0.82 (870 km/h; 470 kn; 541 mph)
Normal cruise speed Mach 0.78 (828 km/h; 447 kn; 514 mph)
Range (fully loaded) 1,200 nmi (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) STD
2,000 nmi (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) ER 		1,200 nmi (2,200 km; 1,400 mi) STD
1,800 nmi (3,300 km; 2,100 mi) ER
Maximum fuel load 10,386 kg (22,897 lb) -
Powerplants (2x) General Electric CF34-10A[61]
Engine thrust 75.87 kN (17,057 lbf) 82 kN (18,500 lbf)
  • Notes: Data are provided for reference only. STD = Standard Range, ER = Extended Range
  • Sources: ARJ21 Series,[62] ICAS[63]

See also

[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "PICTURES: Chengdu Airlines takes delivery of first ARJ21". Flightglobal.com. Archived from the original on 20 February 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d "COMAC ARJ21 production list". rzjets.net. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e "19/12/2024 @tphuang twitter post". twitter.com. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
  4. ^ "Airbus, Boeing Jostle for China Friendship, and Aircraft Orders". chinaaviationdaily.com. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  5. ^ "China-Made ARJ21 Feeder Plane to Appear at Zhuhai Aviation Show". People's Daily. Archived from the original on 4 October 2003. Retrieved 4 November 2002.
  6. ^ a b C919 Inches Toward Flight-Testing, ARJ21 Toward Upgrade Archived 2015-11-17 at the Wayback Machine, Aviationweek, 3. November 2014
  7. ^ "Self-developed jet to fly maiden trip". XINHUA. Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. Retrieved 1 June 2006.
  8. ^ "'Flying Phoenix' is China's first homegrown commercial aircraft". Associated Press. 22 December 2007. Archived from the original on 8 February 2009 – via TheRecord.
  9. ^ "Third Chinese ARJ-21-700 takes off (in Spanish)". CCTV. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2009.
  10. ^ "China's ARJ21 falls behind on flight test schedule". Flightglobal.com. 24 August 2011. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
  11. ^ a b "With ARJ21-700 Certified, Focus Shifts To Support". aviationweek.com. 20 January 2015. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  12. ^ information on COMAC's website [permanent dead link‍] (Chinese)
  13. ^ "China-made ARJ21 aircraft completes natural icing flight test and achieves a global flight of 30,000km". Archived from the original on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  14. ^ "ARJ21-700 AC105 completes function and reliability flight test successfully". comac.cc. Archived from the original on 27 December 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  15. ^ "ARJ21-700 AC104 completes all flight tests before issuance of TV". comac.cc. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  16. ^ Perrett, Bradley. "China Certifies Comac ARJ21-700". AviationWeek. Archived from the original on 1 January 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  17. ^ a b Firdaus Hashim (26 October 2018). "Comac marches forward with ARJ21 and C919". Flightglobal. Archived from the original on 28 October 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  18. ^ "China's COMAC delivers first ARJ21 jet plane to domestic airline". Reuters. 28 November 2015. Archived from the original on 3 December 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
  19. ^ Wong, Chun Han, First Chinese-built passenger jet goes into service, Wall Street Journal, June 29, 2016, p.B7
  20. ^ "China's first domestically manufactured passenger jet takes off". Shanghai Daily. 28 June 2016. Archived from the original on 29 June 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
  21. ^ Bradley Perrett (15 June 2018). "Comac To Upgrade ARJ21, Planning Freight Version". Aviation Week & Space Technology.
  22. ^ a b "ARJ21客改货项目获得适航批准". www.chinaerospace.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  23. ^ a b Alfred Chua (30 October 2023). "COMAC delivers first ARJ21 converted freighters". FlightGlobal.com.
  24. ^ Matthew Miller and Fang Cheng (9 July 2017). Himani Sarkar (ed.). "China Certifies COMAC to Mass Produce ARJ-21 Regional Jets: Xinhua". Reuters. Archived from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  25. ^ a b Alfred Chua (12 March 2020). "Comac opens second ARJ21 production line". Flightglobal.
  26. ^ Homma, Anton (15 October 2024). "COMAC to rebrand the ARJ21". www.scramble.nl.
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