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{{short description|Battle between the Goths and the Roman Empire}} |
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The '''Battle of the Willows''' was fought in [[377 BC]] between Roman forces and Visigoths. The Visigoths, led by [[Fritigern]] had gone to battle because of poor Roman treatment during a famine. The battle itself was indecisive. |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
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| image = |
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| caption = |
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| conflict = Battle of the Willows |
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| partof = the [[Gothic War (376–382)|Gothic War of 376–382]]<br>and [[Germanic Wars|Roman–Germanic Wars]] |
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| date = 377 |
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| place = Ad Salices (exact unknown), in [[Moesia]], [[Bulgaria]] |
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| result = Inconclusive |
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| combatant1 = [[Goths]] |
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| combatant2 = [[Western Roman Empire]]<br>[[Eastern Roman Empire]] |
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| commander1 = [[Fritigern]]<br>[[Sueridas]]<br>[[Colias (Goth Commander)|Colias]] |
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| commander2 = [[Richomeres]]<br />[[Profuturus]]<br>[[Traianus (magister peditum)|Traianus]] |
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| strength1 = 10,000{{sfn|MacDowall|2001|p=52}} |
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| strength2 = 5,000–6,000{{sfn|MacDowall|2001|p=51}} |
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| casualties1 = Heavy |
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| casualties2 = Heavy |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Gothic War (376–382)}} |
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The '''Battle of the Willows''' (<!--Exact date controversial, must be sourced-->377) took place at a place called ''ad Salices'' ("town by the willows"), or according to Ammianus,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ammianus|title=Res Gestae|page=31.7.5}}</ref> a road way-station called ''Ad Salices'' ("by the Willows"); probably located within 15 kilometres of [[Marcianopolis|Marcianople]] (modern day [[Dobrudja]], [[Bulgaria]]),<ref>{{cite book|last1=Heather|first1=Peter|title=The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=n.43|pages=509–10}}</ref> although its exact location is unknown. Forces from the [[Western Roman Empire]] under the command of [[Richomeres]] advanced westward, while forces of the eastern Roman Empire under [[Traianus (magister peditum)|Traianus]] and [[Profuturus]] advanced northward where they joined forces to attack the Goths who had recently rebelled under command of [[Fritigern]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/r_day-of-barbarians.htm|title=The Day of the Barbarians: The Battle That Led to the Fall of the Roman Empire|last=Hahn|first=Irene|work=romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com|year=2007|accessdate=2008-04-19}}</ref> and were laying waste to the northern Balkans. |
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The only extant description comes from [[Ammianus]] who left few details; he gives a lengthy description of the dead and dying, but no information on the number of combatants. At one point the Roman left wing gave way, but it was re-enforced and held. The battle ended with nightfall. The result was a bloody draw with both sides taking many losses; the Goths remained encamped behind their war-wagon circle for over a week after the battle.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Heather|first1=Peter|title=The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=174}}</ref> |
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{{battle-stub}} |
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== See also == |
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*[[Gothic War (376–382)]] |
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==Citations== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==References== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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* {{cite book |last=MacDowall |first=S. |title=Adrianople AD 378: The Goths Crush Rome's Legions |edition= |year=2001 |publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]] |location=[[Oxford]] |isbn=978-1841761473}} |
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{{refend}} |
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{{coord|43.2167|N|27.5833|E|source:wikidata|display=title}} |
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[[Category:377]] |
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[[Category:4th-century conflicts|Willows]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving the Roman Empire|Willows 377]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving the Goths|Willows 377]] |
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[[Category:370s in the Byzantine Empire]] |
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[[Category:Gothic War (376–382)|the Willows]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:28, 1 September 2024
| Battle of the Willows | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Gothic War of 376–382 and Roman–Germanic Wars | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| Goths |
Western Roman Empire Eastern Roman Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Fritigern Sueridas Colias |
Richomeres Profuturus Traianus | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 10,000[1] | 5,000–6,000[2] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Heavy | Heavy | ||||||
The Battle of the Willows (377) took place at a place called ad Salices ("town by the willows"), or according to Ammianus,[3] a road way-station called Ad Salices ("by the Willows"); probably located within 15 kilometres of Marcianople (modern day Dobrudja, Bulgaria),[4] although its exact location is unknown. Forces from the Western Roman Empire under the command of Richomeres advanced westward, while forces of the eastern Roman Empire under Traianus and Profuturus advanced northward where they joined forces to attack the Goths who had recently rebelled under command of Fritigern.[5] and were laying waste to the northern Balkans.
The only extant description comes from Ammianus who left few details; he gives a lengthy description of the dead and dying, but no information on the number of combatants. At one point the Roman left wing gave way, but it was re-enforced and held. The battle ended with nightfall. The result was a bloody draw with both sides taking many losses; the Goths remained encamped behind their war-wagon circle for over a week after the battle.[6]
See also
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ MacDowall 2001, p. 52.
- ^ MacDowall 2001, p. 51.
- ^ Ammianus. Res Gestae. p. 31.7.5.
- ^ Heather, Peter (2006). The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians. n.43: Oxford University Press. pp. 509–10.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Hahn, Irene (2007). "The Day of the Barbarians: The Battle That Led to the Fall of the Roman Empire". romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com. Retrieved 2008-04-19.
- ^ Heather, Peter (2006). The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians. Oxford University Press. p. 174.
References
[edit]- MacDowall, S. (2001). Adrianople AD 378: The Goths Crush Rome's Legions. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1841761473.