Generallöjtnant: Difference between revisions

Lieutenant General
generallöjtnant
Lieutenant General; generallöjtnant
Country	Sweden
Service branch	Army; Air Force; Amphibious Corps (from 2000); Coastal Artillery (until 2000)
Abbreviation	Genlt (Swedish), LtGen (English)
Rank	Three-star
NATO rank code	OF-8
Non-NATO rank	O-9
Next higher rank	General
Next lower rank	Major general
Equivalent ranks	Vice admiral

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Lieutenant General (LtGen) (Swedish: generallöjtnant, genlt) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the Swedish Army, Swedish Air Force and Swedish Amphibious Corps. Lieutenant general ranks immediately above major general and below a general. The rank is equivalent to vice admiral in the Swedish Navy.

History

The lieutenant general was originally the general's deputy (locum tenens) or closest man. The lieutenant general was usually the commander of a division.^[3]

Historically, during the 20th century, lieutenant generals were promoted one grade upon retirement to full four-star general.

Following a proposal from the Swedish Armed Forces, the Government of Sweden decides on employment as a general of any rank.^[4]

In everyday speech, generals of all ranks are addressed as generals.^[5]^[6]

Rank insignia

Collar patches

Collar patch m/58 (black m/02) on field uniform M90
(2002–present)
Collar patch m/58 (black m/02) on field uniform M90
(2002–present)
Collar patch m/58 (gold) on uniform m/58-m/59 and field uniform M90
(1983–2002)
Collar patch m/58 (gold) on uniform m/58-m/59 and field uniform M90
(–2002)
Collar patch m/58 (bronze) on uniform m/58-m/59
(1972–1983)
Collar patch m/58 (bronze) on uniform m/58-m/59
(1958–1972)
Collar patch on uniform m/1923
(1923–1939)

Shoulder marks

Shoulder mark on uniform m/87 (Army)
(1987–present)
Shoulder mark on uniform m/87 (Air Force)
(1987–present)
Shoulder mark m/87 on white shirt (Air Force)
(1987–present)
Shoulder mark m/87 on uniform m/87 - white and white shirt (Navy)
(1987–present)
Shoulder mark on uniform m/1939
(1939–1958)
Shoulder mark on uniform m/1923
(1923–1939)
Shoulder mark on uniform m/1910
(1910–1923)

Sleeve insignias

Amphibious Corps and Coastal Artillery

Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general in the Amphibious Corps
(2003–present)
Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general in the Amphibious Corps
(2000–2003)
and
Coastal Artillery
(1972–2000)
Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general in the Coastal Artillery
(1901–1972)

Air Force

Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general (1972–?) (today only on mess dress uniform)
Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general (?–1972)
Flight suit sleeve insignia (Ärmmatta m/02) for a lieutenant general^[7]
(1972–present)
Flight suit sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general
(?–1972)

Army

Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general on uniform m/1906
(1906–1923)

Hats

Hat for general of any rank on uniform m/1865-99
(1865–?)

Personal flags

The command flag of a lieutenant general (and a vice admiral) is a double swallowtailed Swedish flag. In the first blue field 3 five-pointed white stars placed one over two.^[8]

Lieutenant general/Vice admiral flag
(1972–present)

Footnotes

^ Lieutenant general was a two-star rank until 1972 and general was the three-star rank in the Swedish Armed Forces rank structure.

References

Notes

^ "Försvarsmaktens föreskrifter om personaltjänst (FFS 2019:6)" (PDF) (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. 2019-12-02. p. 3. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
^ "Försvarsmaktens gemensamma identitet – direktiv för användandet av Försvarsmaktens namn, profil och bild" (PDF). 1.3 (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. 2013-09-16. p. 66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-23. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
^ Westrin, Theodor, ed. (1908). Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi (in Swedish). Vol. 9 (New, rev. and rich ill. ed.). Stockholm: Nordisk familjeboks förl. p. 902. SELIBR 8072220.
^ "Förordning om ändring i förordningen (2000:555) med instruktion för Försvarsmakten" (PDF) (in Swedish). Swedish Code of Statutes. 20 June 2005. p. 2. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
^ Etikett och god ton: Praktisk handbok i sättet att uppföra sig. 1 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Åhlén & Åkerlund. 1932. p. 128. SELIBR 1353820.
^ Handbok: parad 6: traditionsvård : H PARAD 6 2016 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Försvarsmakten. 2017. p. 31. SELIBR 22459606.
^ Reglemente: uniformsbestämmelser 2015 : Unibest FM 2015 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Försvarsmakten. 2015. p. 343. SELIBR 19513428.
^ Braunstein 2004, p. 111

Print

Braunstein, Christian (2004). Svenska försvarsmaktens fälttecken efter millennieskiftet [The flags and standards of the Swedish armed forces after the turn of the millennium] (PDF). Skrift / Statens försvarshistoriska museer, 1101-7023 ; 7 [dvs 8] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Statens försvarshistoriska museer. ISBN 91-971584-7-X. SELIBR 9815350. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2020-11-03.

[3] Lieutenant general was a two-star rank until 1972 and general was the three-star rank in the Swedish Armed Forces rank structure.

[1] "Försvarsmaktens föreskrifter om personaltjänst (FFS 2019:6)" (PDF) (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. 2019-12-02. p. 3. Retrieved 17 August 2020.

[2] "Försvarsmaktens gemensamma identitet – direktiv för användandet av Försvarsmaktens namn, profil och bild" (PDF). 1.3 (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. 2013-09-16. p. 66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-23. Retrieved 25 September 2020.

[4] Westrin, Theodor, ed. (1908). Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi (in Swedish). Vol. 9 (New, rev. and rich ill. ed.). Stockholm: Nordisk familjeboks förl. p. 902. SELIBR 8072220.

[5] "Förordning om ändring i förordningen (2000:555) med instruktion för Försvarsmakten" (PDF) (in Swedish). Swedish Code of Statutes. 20 June 2005. p. 2. Retrieved 25 September 2020.

[6] Etikett och god ton: Praktisk handbok i sättet att uppföra sig. 1 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Åhlén & Åkerlund. 1932. p. 128. SELIBR 1353820.

[7] Handbok: parad 6: traditionsvård : H PARAD 6 2016 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Försvarsmakten. 2017. p. 31. SELIBR 22459606.

[8] Reglemente: uniformsbestämmelser 2015 : Unibest FM 2015 (PDF) (in Swedish). Stockholm: Försvarsmakten. 2015. p. 343. SELIBR 19513428.

[9] Braunstein 2004, p. 111

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Swedish military rank}}
-{{MilitaryRankBox
+{{Infobox military rank
-| image =  SWE-Generallöjtnant.png
+| name           = Lieutenant General
-| imageFinland = Kenraaliluutnantti kauluslaatta.svg
+| native_name    = generallöjtnant
-| junior = [[Generalmajor (Sweden)|Generalmajor]]
+| image          =
-| senior = [[General (Sweden) | General]]
+| image_size     =
-| text = '''Generallöjtnant''' is an officer's rank in [[Sweden]] and [[Finland]], immediately above [[Generalmajor (Sweden)|Generalmajor]] and below [[General (Sweden)|General]]. In '''Sweden''', the rank is translated by the Armed forces to [[Lieutenant General]]. However, it is difficult to compare the rank with the military ranks of other nations as almost all officers in the rank do not command troops or have experience in commanding troops at or above [[battalion]] level. Holders of the rank take up senior tasks related to administration, staff duties, education, planning, etc.
+| caption        =
+| image2         =
+| image_size2    =
+| caption2       =
+| image3         =
+| image_size3    =
+| caption3       =
+| country        = {{flagu|Sweden}}
+| service branch = [[Swedish Army|Army]]<br>[[Swedish Air Force|Air Force]]<br>[[Swedish Amphibious Corps|Amphibious Corps]] (from 2000)<br>[[Swedish Coastal Artillery|Coastal Artillery]] (until 2000)
+| abbreviation   = Genlt (Swedish),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/siteassets/4-om-myndigheten/dokumentfiler/lagrum/gallande-ffs-2014-/ffs-2019-06.pdf |publisher=[[Swedish Armed Forces]] |title=Försvarsmaktens föreskrifter om personaltjänst (FFS 2019:6) |page=3 |date=2019-12-02 |access-date=17 August 2020 |language=Swedish}}</ref> LtGen (English)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.2d.lviv.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Grafisk_identitet_v1.3_130916.pdf |publisher=[[Swedish Armed Forces]] |title=Försvarsmaktens gemensamma identitet – direktiv för användandet av Försvarsmaktens namn, profil och bild |version=1.3 |date=2013-09-16 |access-date=25 September 2020 |language=Swedish |page=66 |archive-date=2018-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223052318/http://www.2d.lviv.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Grafisk_identitet_v1.3_130916.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
+| rank           = [[Three-star rank|Three-star]]{{efn|Lieutenant general was a [[two-star rank]] until 1972 and [[General (Sweden)|general]] was the [[three-star rank]] in the Swedish Armed Forces rank structure.}}
+| NATO rank      = [[Ranks and insignia of NATO armies officers#Officers (OF 1–10)|OF-8]]
+| Non-NATO rank  = [[Three-star rank|O-9]]
+| formation      =
+| abolished      =
+| higher rank    = [[General (Sweden)|General]]
+| lower rank     = [[Generalmajor (Sweden)|Major general]]
+| equivalents    = [[Vice admiral (Sweden)|Vice admiral]]
+| history        =
 }}
+'''Lieutenant General (LtGen)''' ({{langx|sv|generallöjtnant}}, genlt) is a [[Three-star rank|three-star]] commissioned [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]] rank in the [[Swedish Army]], [[Swedish Air Force]] and [[Swedish Amphibious Corps]]. Lieutenant general ranks immediately above [[Generalmajor (Sweden)|major general]] and below a [[General (Sweden)|general]]. The rank is equivalent to [[Vice admiral (Sweden)|vice admiral]] in the [[Swedish Navy]].
-=== Holders of the rank in Sweden ===
-* Head of deployments
-* Head of productions -- responsible for the training of all troops
-* Head of special forces
-* Head of the military headquarters
-== History and related ranks ==
+==History==
+The lieutenant general was originally the [[General (Sweden)|general]]'s deputy (''[[Locum|locum tenens]]'') or closest man. The lieutenant general was usually the commander of a [[Division (Sweden)|division]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/nfbi/0469.html |editor-last=Westrin |editor-first=Theodor |title=Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi |edition=New, rev. and rich ill. |year=1908 |publisher=Nordisk familjeboks förl. |volume=9 |location=Stockholm |language=sv |id={{SELIBR|8072220}} |page=902}}</ref>
+Historically, during the 20th century, lieutenant generals were promoted one grade upon retirement to full four-star general.
-=== Origin and the Middle ages ===
-A king/Queen were also a kapten and when he sent his löjtnant (löjtnant basically means on behalf of a person) to represent him in other provinces, the löjtnant was named general löjtnant to separate him from löjtnants of ordinary kaptens.
+Following a proposal from the [[Swedish Armed Forces]], the [[Government of Sweden]] decides on employment as a general of any rank.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rkrattsdb.gov.se/SFSdoc/05/050509.PDF |publisher=[[Swedish Code of Statutes]] |title=Förordning om ändring i förordningen (2000:555) med instruktion för Försvarsmakten |page=2 |date=20 June 2005 |access-date=25 September 2020 |language=sv}}</ref>
-== See also ==
-* [[Finnish military ranks]]
-* [[Military ranks of the Swedish armed forces]]
-* [[Swedish Armed Forces]]
-* [http://www.mil.se/article.php?id=1239 Officer Training]
-</td>
-<td>
+In everyday speech, generals of all ranks are addressed as generals.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://runeberg.org/etikettgod/1/0129.html |title=Etikett och god ton: Praktisk handbok i sättet att uppföra sig. 1 |year=1932 |publisher=Åhlén & Åkerlund |location=Stockholm |language=sv |id={{SELIBR|1353820}} |page=128}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/siteassets/4-om-myndigheten/dokumentfiler/handbocker/h-parad-6-2017.pdf |title=Handbok: parad 6: traditionsvård : H PARAD 6 2016 |year=2017 |publisher=Försvarsmakten |location=Stockholm |language=Swedish |id={{LIBRIS|22459606}} |page=31}}</ref>
+==Rank insignia==
-</td>
+===Collar patches===
+<gallery class="center">
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant.jpg|[[Gorget patches|Collar patch]] m/58 (black m/02) on ''field uniform [[M90 (camouflage)|M90]]''<br>(2002–present)
+File:Kragspegel general svart.jpg|Collar patch m/58 (black m/02) on ''field uniform [[M90 (camouflage)|M90]]''<br>(2002–present)
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant_G.jpg|Collar patch m/58 (gold) on ''uniform m/58-m/59'' and ''field uniform [[M90 (camouflage)|M90]]''<br>(1983–2002)
+File:Kragspegel general guld.jpg|Collar patch m/58 (gold) on ''uniform m/58-m/59'' and ''field uniform [[M90 (camouflage)|M90]]''<br>(–2002)
+File:General kragspegel m58 stjärna m39.jpg|Collar patch m/58 (bronze) on ''uniform m/58-m/59''<br>(1972–1983)
+File:Generallöjtnant_kragspegel_m58_stjärna_m39.jpg|Collar patch m/58 (bronze) on ''uniform m/58-m/59''<br>(1958–1972)
+File:14_Generallöjtnant_krage_1923.jpg|Collar patch on ''uniform m/1923''<br>(1923–1939)
+</gallery>
+===Shoulder marks===
+<gallery class="center">
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant_M87.png|[[Shoulder mark]] on ''uniform m/87'' (Army)<br>(1987–present)
+File:OF-8 Generallöjtnant FV.jpg|Shoulder mark on ''uniform m/87'' (Air Force)<br>(1987–present)
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant_FV_hylsa.jpg|Shoulder mark m/87 on white shirt (Air Force)<br>(1987–present)
+File:OF-8_Viceamiral_FL_hylsa.jpg|Shoulder mark m/87 on ''uniform m/87 - white'' and white shirt (Navy)<br>(1987–present)
+File:17_Generallöjtnant_1939.jpg|Shoulder mark on ''uniform m/1939''<br>(1939–1958)
+File:14_Generallöjtnant_axelklaff_m1923.jpg|Shoulder mark on ''uniform m/1923''<br>(1923–1939)
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant_1910.png|Shoulder mark on ''uniform m/1910''<br>(1910–1923)
+</gallery>
+===Sleeve insignias===
+====Amphibious Corps and Coastal Artillery====
+<gallery class="center">
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant_AMF_arm.jpg|Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general in the Amphibious Corps<br>(2003–present)
+File:OF-8_Generallöjtnant_AMF_ärm_pre-2003.jpg|Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general in the Amphibious Corps<br>(2000–2003)<br>and<br>Coastal Artillery<br>(1972–2000)
+File:OF-7 Generalmajor AMF ärm pre-2003.jpg|Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general in the Coastal Artillery<br>(1901–1972)
+</gallery>
+====Air Force====
+<gallery class="center">
+File:OF-8 Generallöjtnant FV mäss.jpg|Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general (1972–?) (today only on [[mess dress uniform]])
+File:OF-7 Generalmajor FV mäss.jpg|Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general (?–1972)
+File:OF-8 Generallöjtnant FV2.jpg|[[Flight suit]] sleeve insignia (''Ärmmatta m/02'') for a lieutenant general<ref>{{cite book |url=http://chefen.be/onewebmedia/dokument/unibest2015.pdf |title=Reglemente: uniformsbestämmelser 2015 : Unibest FM 2015 |year=2015 |publisher=Försvarsmakten |location=Stockholm |language=sv |id={{SELIBR|19513428}} |page=343}}</ref><br>(1972–present)
+File:OF-7 Generalmajor FV2.jpg|[[Flight suit]] sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general<br>(?–1972)
+</gallery>
+====Army====
+<gallery class="center">
+File:2_Generallöjtnant_armén_ärm_1906.jpg|Sleeve insignia for a lieutenant general on {{no wrap|''uniform m/1906''}}<br>(1906–1923)
+</gallery>
+===Hats===
+<gallery class="center">
+File:OF-9 General lägermössa 1865-99.png|Hat for general of any rank on {{no wrap|''uniform m/1865-99''}}<br>(1865–?)
+</gallery>
+==Personal flags==
+The command flag of a lieutenant general (and a [[Vice admiral (Sweden)|vice admiral]]) is a double [[Swallowtail (flag)|swallowtailed]] [[Flag of Sweden|Swedish flag]]. In the first blue field 3 five-pointed white stars placed one over two.<ref>{{harvnb|Braunstein|2004|p=111}}</ref>
+<gallery class="center">
+File:Naval Rank Flag of Sweden - Viceamiralsflagga.svg|Lieutenant general/[[Vice admiral (Sweden)|Vice admiral]] flag<br>(1972–present)
+</gallery>
+==See also==
+*[[List of Swedish Air Force lieutenant generals]]
+*[[List of Swedish Army lieutenant generals after 1900]]
+*[[List of Swedish Navy lieutenant generals]]
+==Footnotes==
+{{Notelist}}
+==References==
+===Notes===
+{{Reflist}}
+===Print===
+*{{cite book |url=https://www.sfhm.se/contentassets/84a6e4f1b2ce4e2b96c4ba578a41c503/sfhm-skriftserie_svenska-armens-falttecken-efter-millennieskiftet_av_christian-braunstein.pdf |last=Braunstein |first=Christian |title=Svenska försvarsmaktens fälttecken efter millennieskiftet |trans-title=The flags and standards of the Swedish armed forces after the turn of the millennium |series=Skrift / Statens försvarshistoriska museer, 1101-7023 ; 7 [dvs 8] |year=2004 |publisher=Statens försvarshistoriska museer |location=Stockholm |language=Swedish |isbn=91-971584-7-X |id={{LIBRIS|9815350}} |access-date=2020-11-03 |archive-date=2018-05-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522042235/http://www.sfhm.se/contentassets/84a6e4f1b2ce4e2b96c4ba578a41c503/sfhm-skriftserie_svenska-armens-falttecken-efter-millennieskiftet_av_christian-braunstein.pdf |url-status=dead }}
 [[Category:Military ranks of the Swedish Army]]
-[[Category:Military ranks]]
+[[Category:Military ranks of the Swedish Air Force]]
 [[sv:Generallöjtnant]]