Asia–Pacific: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Geopolitical region}} |
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{{Distinguish|AIPAC|Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation{{!}}APEC|Indo-Pacific|Pacific Asia}} |
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{{Confusing|date=November 2008}} |
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{{confused|APEC}} |
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[[File:Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation nations.svg|300px|thumb|Member economies of the [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] (APEC)]] |
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'''Asia-Pacific''' or '''APAC''' is the area generally regarded as encompassing [[littoral]] [[East Asia]], [[South Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]] and [[Australasia]] near the [[Pacific Ocean]], plus the states in the ocean itself ([[Oceania]]). |
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The '''Asia–Pacific''' ('''APAC''') is the region of the world adjoining the western [[Pacific Ocean]]. The region's precise boundaries vary depending on context, but countries and territories in [[Australasia]], [[East Asia]], and [[Southeast Asia]] are often included. In a wider context, [[Central Asia]], [[North Asia]], the [[list of islands in the Pacific Ocean|Pacific Islands]], [[South Asia]], [[West Asia]] (including the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and the [[Levant]]), and even [[Pacific Rim|Pacific-adjoining countries]] in the [[Americas]] can be included. For example, the [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] (APEC) includes five economies ([[Canada]], [[Chile]], [[Mexico]], [[Peru]], and the [[United States]]) in the [[New World]] (more standardly referred to as the [[Western Hemisphere]]). The term has become popular since the late 1980s in commerce, finance, and politics. Despite the heterogeneity of the regions' economies, most individual nations within the zone are emerging markets experiencing significant growth. Sometimes, the notion of "Asia–Pacific excluding Japan" (APEJ) is considered useful.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 10, 2019 |title=Digital creativity and innovation lacking in kids in APAC: report |url=https://govinsider.asia/connected-gov/digital-creativity-and-innovation-lacking-in-kids-in-apac-report/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210504145756/https://govinsider.asia/connected-gov/digital-creativity-and-innovation-lacking-in-kids-in-apac-report/ |archive-date=May 4, 2021 |access-date=May 4, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |
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Although an imprecise geographical descriptor, the term ''Asia-Pacific'' became popular from the late 1980s as the economies within the heterogeneous region flourished due to increased regional [[capital markets|capital flow]], [[trade]] and other forms of economic and political interaction. The inclusion of Oceanian countries such as [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]] is largely based upon the economic relationships between those countries and their East Asian trading partners to the north. |
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| editor-last = Pan |
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| editor-first = Hui |
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| date = October 2004 |
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| title = Vonage and Cisco to sell phone equipment |
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| journal = VoIP Monthly Newsletter |
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| volume = 2 |
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| issue = 10 |
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| pages = 3 |
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| publisher = Information Gatekeepers Inc |
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| access-date = 2011-12-15 |
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| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZAb52_IQIIMC |
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| quote = APEJ (Asia-Pacific Excluding Japan) and EEMEA (Eastern Europe, Middle East, and Africa) will grow their combined share of this figure from 17 percent to 22 percent during the same period, as North America's share adjusts from 53 percent to 46 percent. |
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}}</ref> |
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==Related regions== |
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In some contexts, the region may extend further to include major Asian countries, as well as those around the [[Pacific Rim]], stretching from Oceania, up to [[Russia]], and down the western coast of the [[Americas]]. The [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]], for example, includes [[Canada]], [[Chile]], Russia, [[Mexico]], [[Peru]], and the [[United States]]. |
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*[[Central Asia|Central]] and [[East Asia|Eastern Asia]] (CEA) |
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*[[East Asia|Eastern Asia]] – some companies separate their Eastern Asian business from the rest of Asia, and refer to the Oriental region separately from the [[West Asia|Western]]/[[Central Asia]] region |
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*[[Pacific Asia]] - specifically the Pacific-bordering regions of Asia |
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*[[Oceania]] |
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*[[Southeast Asia|South-eastern Asia]] |
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*[[South Asia|Southern Asia]] |
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*[[West Asia|Western Asia]] |
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== List of countries and territories by subregion == |
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== Component areas == |
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[[File:Asia and the Pacific.png|300px|thumb|Asia and the Pacific region, according to the [[United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific]] (ESCAP)]] |
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The Asia-Pacific region generally includes: |
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In accordance with the [[United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific]] (ESCAP), the Asia–Pacific region includes a total of 51 countries and seven territories grouped into five [[United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific#Subregional offices|subregions]]:<ref>{{Citeweb|title=List of countries in the Asia-Pacific region and subregions|url=https://data.unescap.org/dataviz/methodology/list-of-countries-in-the-asia-pacific-region-and-subregions.html|access-date=2023-09-29|archive-date=2023-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402094923/https://data.unescap.org/dataviz/methodology/list-of-countries-in-the-asia-pacific-region-and-subregions.html|url-status=live|website=www.unescap.org}}</ref> |
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* {{flag|Australia}} |
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* {{flag|Brunei}} |
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* {{flag|Cambodia}} |
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* {{flag|People's Republic of China}} |
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** {{flag|Hong Kong}} |
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** {{flag|Macau}} |
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* {{flag|Taiwan}} |
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* {{flag|Fiji}} |
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* {{flag|Indonesia}} |
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* {{flag|Japan}} |
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* {{flag|Kiribati}} |
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* {{flag|North Korea}} |
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* {{flag|South Korea}} |
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* {{flag|Laos}} |
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* {{flag|Malaysia}} |
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* {{flag|Marshall Islands}} |
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* {{flag|Federated States of Micronesia}} |
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* {{flag|Nauru}} |
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* {{flag|New Zealand}} |
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* {{flag|Palau}} |
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* {{flag|Papua New Guinea}} |
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* {{flag|Philippines}} |
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* {{flag|Samoa}} |
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* {{flag|Singapore}} |
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* {{flag|Solomon Islands}} |
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* {{flag|Thailand}} |
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* {{flag|Timor-Leste}} |
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* {{flag|Tonga}} |
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* {{flag|Tuvalu}} |
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* {{flag|Vanuatu}} |
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* {{flag|Vietnam}} |
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* United States Territories: |
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*** {{flag|American Samoa}} |
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** {{flag|Guam}} |
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** {{flag|Northern Mariana Islands}} |
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* '''[[East Asia|East]] and [[Northeast Asia|North East Asia]] (ENEA)''' |
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Sometimes included: |
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** {{flag|China|name=China, People's Republic of}} |
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* {{flag|Mongolia}} (landlocked country in [[East Asia]]) |
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*** {{flag|Hong Kong, China}} |
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* {{flag|Myanmar}} (Burma) (member of the [[Association of Southeast Asian Nations|ASEAN]]) |
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*** {{flag|Macao|name=Macao, China}} |
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* {{flag|Russia}} (the [[Russian Far East]] borders the [[Pacific Ocean]]) |
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** {{flag|North Korea|name=Korea, Democratic People's Republic of}} (North Korea) |
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* Some countries of the [[South Asia]]:<ref name="transparency">[http://www.transparency.org/regional_pages/asia_pacific Transparency International]</ref><ref>[http://report2007.amnesty.org/eng/Regions/Asia-Pacific Amnesty International Report 2007]</ref> |
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** {{flag|Japan}} |
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** {{flag|Mongolia}} |
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** {{flag|South Korea|name=Korea, Republic of}} (South Korea) |
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** {{flag|Taiwan|name=China, Republic of}} (Taiwan) |
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* '''[[North Asia|North]] and [[Central Asia]] (NCA)''' |
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** {{flag|Armenia}} |
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** {{flag|Azerbaijan}} |
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** {{flag|Georgia}} |
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** {{flag|Kazakhstan}} |
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** {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} |
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** {{flag|Russian Federation}} |
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** {{flag|Tajikistan}} |
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** {{flag|Turkmenistan}} |
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** {{flag|Uzbekistan}} |
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* '''[[South Asia|South]] and [[West Asia|South West Asia]] (SSWA)''' |
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** {{flag|Afghanistan|2013}} |
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** {{flag|Bangladesh}} |
** {{flag|Bangladesh}} |
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** {{flag|Bhutan}} |
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** {{flag|India}} |
** {{flag|India}} |
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** {{flag|Iran (Islamic Republic of)}} |
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** {{flag|Maldives}} |
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** {{flag|Nepal}} |
** {{flag|Nepal}} |
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** {{flag|Sri Lanka}} |
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** {{flag|Pakistan}} |
** {{flag|Pakistan}} |
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** {{flag|Sri Lanka}} |
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** {{flag|Turkey|name=Turkey (Türkiye)}} |
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* '''[[Southeast Asia|South East Asia]] (SEA) – [[ASEAN]]''' |
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==See also== |
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** {{flag|Brunei Darussalam}} |
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** {{flag|Cambodia}} |
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** {{flag|Indonesia}} |
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** {{flag|Laos|name=Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos)}} |
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** {{flag|Malaysia}} |
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** {{flag|Myanmar|name=Myanmar (Burma)}} |
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** {{flag|Philippines}} |
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** {{flag|Singapore}} |
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** {{flag|Thailand}} |
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** {{flag|Timor-Leste}} (East Timor) |
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** {{flag|Vietnam|name=Viet Nam (Vietnam)}} |
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* '''[[Oceania|The Pacific]] (PACIFIC)''' |
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* [[Geography of Asia]] |
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** {{flag|American Samoa}} ([[United States]]) |
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* [[Geography of Oceania]] |
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** {{flag|Australia}} |
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** {{flag|Cook Islands}} |
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** {{flag|Fiji}} |
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** {{flag|French Polynesia}} ([[France]]) |
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** {{flag|Guam}} ([[United States]]) |
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** {{flag|Kiribati}} |
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** {{flag|Marshall Islands}} |
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** {{flag|Micronesia|name=Micronesia, Federated States of}} |
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** {{flag|Nauru}} |
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** {{flag|New Caledonia|local}} ([[France]]) |
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** {{flag|New Zealand}} |
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** {{flag|Niue}} |
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** {{flag|Northern Mariana Islands}} ([[United States]]) |
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** {{flag|Palau}} |
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** {{flag|Papua New Guinea}} |
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** {{flag|Samoa}} |
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** {{flag|Solomon Islands}} |
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** {{flag|Tonga}} |
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** {{flag|Tuvalu}} |
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** {{flag|Vanuatu}} |
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In a wider context, the following countries and territories can also be included in the Asia–Pacific region: |
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* '''[[Asia]]''' |
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** {{flag|Bahrain}} |
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** {{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}} ([[United Kingdom]]) |
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** {{flag|Cyprus}} |
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** {{flag|Iraq}} |
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** {{flag|Israel}} |
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** {{flag|Jordan}} |
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** {{flag|Kuwait}} |
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** {{flag|Lebanon}} |
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** {{flag|Oman}} |
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** {{flag|Palestine}} |
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** {{flag|Qatar}} |
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** {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} |
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** {{flag|Syria}} |
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** {{flag|United Arab Emirates}} |
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** {{flag|Yemen}} |
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* '''[[North America]]''' |
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** {{flag|Canada}} |
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** {{flag|Costa Rica}} |
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** {{flag|El Salvador}} |
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** {{flag|Guatemala}} |
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** {{flag|Honduras}} |
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** {{flag|Mexico}} |
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** {{flag|Nicaragua}} |
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** {{flag|Panama}} |
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** {{flag|United States}} |
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* '''[[Oceania]]''' |
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** {{flag|Baker Island}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Christmas Island}} (Australia) |
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** {{flag|Clipperton Island}} (France) |
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** {{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}} (Australia) |
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** {{flag|Coral Sea Islands}} (Australia) |
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** {{flag|Howland Island}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Jarvis Island}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Johnston Atoll}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Kingman Reef}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Midway Atoll|local}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Norfolk Island}} (Australia) |
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** {{flag|Palmyra Atoll}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} (United Kingdom) |
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** {{flag|Tokelau}} (New Zealand) |
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** {{flag|Torres Strait Islands}} (Australia) |
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** {{flag|Wake Island|local}} (United States) |
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** {{flag|Wallis and Futuna|local}} (France) |
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** {{flag|Chuuk State}} ([[Micronesia]]) |
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** {{flag|Easter Island}} ([[Chile]]) |
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** {{flag|Isla Salas y Gómez}} ([[Chile]]) |
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* '''[[South America]]''' |
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** {{flag|Chile}} |
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** {{flag|Colombia}} |
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** {{flag|Ecuador}} |
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** {{flag|Peru}} |
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== Economic overview == |
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The World Bank's April 2024 update indicates that the growth rate for the Asia-Pacific region, excluding China, is expected to slightly increase to 4.6% in 2024, up from 4.4% in 2023. This underscores a diverse economic resilience against global pressures. Meanwhile, [[International trade|global trade]] growth, which was minimal at 0.2% in 2023, is projected to improve to 2.3% in 2024, crucial for the region's export-oriented economies. However, private investment remains below [[COVID-19 pandemic|pre-pandemic]] levels due to higher debt levels and rising interest rates, signaling a cautious investment climate. The region faces significant challenges from both external factors, such as high core inflation and modest global trade recovery, and domestic issues like increased debt and political uncertainties, potentially hindering economic growth. Additionally, a hypothetical 1% decline in [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] growth in the US or China could reduce GDP growth in other developing Asia-Pacific economies by approximately 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively. The increase in trade-distorting measures, which have tripled since 2019 among [[G20|G-20]] countries, reflects a trend towards protective industrial policies, although other East Asia-Pacific countries, except for [[China]] and [[Indonesia]], have been less involved in these measures.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Firm Foundations of Growth: East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2024 |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/east-asia-and-pacific-economic-update |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=World Bank |language=en}}</ref><ref>World Bank. (2024). ''Firm Foundations of Growth: East Asia and the Pacific Economic Update April 2024''. Retrieved April 11, 2024, from <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-2102-8</nowiki></ref> |
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== See also == |
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* [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] (APEC) |
* [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] (APEC) |
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* [[Asia Pacific Forum]] |
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* [[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation]] ([[SAARC]]) |
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* [[ |
* [[Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada]] |
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* [[ |
* [[APNIC|Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre]] (APNIC) |
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* [[Asia Society]] |
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* [[Asia-Pacific Scout Region (World Organization of the Scout Movement)]] |
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* [[Asian Century]] |
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* [[Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre]] |
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* [[China Rim]] |
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* [[East Asia Summit]] |
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* [[East–West dichotomy|East-West dichotomy]] |
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* [[Free and Open Indo-Pacific]] |
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* [[Indo-Pacific]] |
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* [[List of country groupings]] (including AMEA and AMER) |
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* [[Oceania]] |
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* [[Pivot to Asia]] |
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* [[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation]] (SAARC) |
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* [[Valeriepieris circle]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
== External links == |
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* [http://www.apec.org/ APEC] |
* [http://www.apec.org/ APEC official website] |
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* [http:// |
* [http://www.asiapacific.ca/ The Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada] |
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* [http://www.apiyn.org/ Asia Pacific Indigenous Youth Network (APIYN)] |
* [http://www.apiyn.org/ Asia Pacific Indigenous Youth Network (APIYN)] |
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* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/default.stm BBC Asia-Pacific] |
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/default.stm BBC Asia-Pacific] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100507112109/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/default.stm |date=2010-05-07 }} |
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* [http://www.abc.net.au/ra/asiapac/default.htm ABC Radio Australia Asia Pacific] |
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* [http://australianetwork.com/ Australia Network] (formally "ABC Asia Pacific") |
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{{Asia}} |
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{{Oceania}} |
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{{Regions of Asia}} |
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{{Regions of Oceania}} |
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{{Regions of the world}} |
{{Regions of the world}} |
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{{Continents of the world}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{asia-geo-stub}} |
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{{oceania-geo-stub}} |
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[[Category:Geography of Asia]] |
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[[Category:Geography of Oceania]] |
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[[ |
[[Category:Asia-Pacific| ]] |
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[[Category:Economic regions]] |
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[[id:Asia-Pasifik]] |
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[[Category:Geographical neologisms]] |
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[[Category:Regions of Asia|Pacific]] |
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[[Category:Regions of Oceania]] |
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[[Category:Regions of North America]] |
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[[Category:Regions of South America]] |
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[[Category:Afro-Eurasia]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:13, 28 December 2024
The Asia–Pacific (APAC) is the region of the world adjoining the western Pacific Ocean. The region's precise boundaries vary depending on context, but countries and territories in Australasia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia are often included. In a wider context, Central Asia, North Asia, the Pacific Islands, South Asia, West Asia (including the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant), and even Pacific-adjoining countries in the Americas can be included. For example, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) includes five economies (Canada, Chile, Mexico, Peru, and the United States) in the New World (more standardly referred to as the Western Hemisphere). The term has become popular since the late 1980s in commerce, finance, and politics. Despite the heterogeneity of the regions' economies, most individual nations within the zone are emerging markets experiencing significant growth. Sometimes, the notion of "Asia–Pacific excluding Japan" (APEJ) is considered useful.[1][2]
Related regions
[edit]- Central and Eastern Asia (CEA)
- Eastern Asia – some companies separate their Eastern Asian business from the rest of Asia, and refer to the Oriental region separately from the Western/Central Asia region
- Pacific Asia - specifically the Pacific-bordering regions of Asia
- Oceania
- South-eastern Asia
- Southern Asia
- Western Asia
List of countries and territories by subregion
[edit]
In accordance with the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), the Asia–Pacific region includes a total of 51 countries and seven territories grouped into five subregions:[3]
- East and North East Asia (ENEA)
China, People's Republic of
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (North Korea)
Japan
Mongolia
Korea, Republic of (South Korea)
China, Republic of (Taiwan)
- North and Central Asia (NCA)
- South and South West Asia (SSWA)
- South East Asia (SEA) – ASEAN
- The Pacific (PACIFIC)
American Samoa (United States)
Australia
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia (France)
Guam (United States)
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia, Federated States of
Nauru
New Caledonia (France)
New Zealand
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands (United States)
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
In a wider context, the following countries and territories can also be included in the Asia–Pacific region:
- Oceania
Baker Island (United States)
Christmas Island (Australia)
Clipperton Island (France)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia)- Coral Sea Islands (Australia)
- Howland Island (United States)
- Jarvis Island (United States)
- Johnston Atoll (United States)
- Kingman Reef (United States)
Midway Atoll (United States)
Norfolk Island (Australia)- Palmyra Atoll (United States)
Pitcairn Islands (United Kingdom)
Tokelau (New Zealand)
Torres Strait Islands (Australia)
Wake Island (United States)
Wallis and Futuna (France)
Chuuk State (Micronesia)
Easter Island (Chile)- Isla Salas y Gómez (Chile)
Economic overview
[edit]The World Bank's April 2024 update indicates that the growth rate for the Asia-Pacific region, excluding China, is expected to slightly increase to 4.6% in 2024, up from 4.4% in 2023. This underscores a diverse economic resilience against global pressures. Meanwhile, global trade growth, which was minimal at 0.2% in 2023, is projected to improve to 2.3% in 2024, crucial for the region's export-oriented economies. However, private investment remains below pre-pandemic levels due to higher debt levels and rising interest rates, signaling a cautious investment climate. The region faces significant challenges from both external factors, such as high core inflation and modest global trade recovery, and domestic issues like increased debt and political uncertainties, potentially hindering economic growth. Additionally, a hypothetical 1% decline in GDP growth in the US or China could reduce GDP growth in other developing Asia-Pacific economies by approximately 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively. The increase in trade-distorting measures, which have tripled since 2019 among G-20 countries, reflects a trend towards protective industrial policies, although other East Asia-Pacific countries, except for China and Indonesia, have been less involved in these measures.[4][5]
See also
[edit]- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
- Asia Pacific Forum
- Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada
- Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre (APNIC)
- Asia Society
- Asian Century
- China Rim
- East Asia Summit
- East-West dichotomy
- Free and Open Indo-Pacific
- Indo-Pacific
- List of country groupings (including AMEA and AMER)
- Oceania
- Pivot to Asia
- South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
- Valeriepieris circle
References
[edit]- ^ "Digital creativity and innovation lacking in kids in APAC: report". May 10, 2019. Archived from the original on May 4, 2021. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
- ^ Pan, Hui, ed. (October 2004). "Vonage and Cisco to sell phone equipment". VoIP Monthly Newsletter. 2 (10). Information Gatekeepers Inc: 3. Retrieved 2011-12-15.
APEJ (Asia-Pacific Excluding Japan) and EEMEA (Eastern Europe, Middle East, and Africa) will grow their combined share of this figure from 17 percent to 22 percent during the same period, as North America's share adjusts from 53 percent to 46 percent.
- ^ "List of countries in the Asia-Pacific region and subregions". www.unescap.org. Archived from the original on 2023-04-02. Retrieved 2023-09-29.
- ^ "Firm Foundations of Growth: East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2024". World Bank. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
- ^ World Bank. (2024). Firm Foundations of Growth: East Asia and the Pacific Economic Update April 2024. Retrieved April 11, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-2102-8
External links
[edit]- APEC official website
- The Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada
- Asia Pacific Indigenous Youth Network (APIYN)
- BBC Asia-Pacific Archived 2010-05-07 at the Wayback Machine
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