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{{short description|Events on calendar date 13 December}}
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==Events==
==Events==
===Pre-1600===
1995- Alexa Anastasio was born!
*[[1294]] – [[Pope Celestine V|Saint Celestine V]] [[papal resignation|resigns]] the [[Pope|papacy]] after only five months; Celestine hoped to return to his previous life as an [[ascetic]] [[hermit]].
*[[1294]] &ndash; [[Pope Celestine V|Saint Celestine V]] [[papal resignation|resigns]] the [[Pope|papacy]] after only five months to return to his previous life as an [[Asceticism|ascetic]] [[hermit]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Townsend|first=George|title=Ecclesiastical and Civil History, Philosophically Considered. Volume 2|location=London|publisher=Francis & John Rivington|date=1847|oclc=38171550|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wstHAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR1|page=604}}</ref>
*[[1545]] &ndash; The [[Council of Trent]] begins as the embodiment of the [[Counter-Reformation]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Council-of-Trent |title=Council of Trent |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=Edinburgh |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1545]] &ndash; [[Council of Trent]] begins.
*[[1577]] &ndash; Sir [[Francis Drake]] sets out from [[Plymouth]], [[England]], on his round-the-world voyage.
*[[1577]] &ndash; Sir [[Francis Drake]] sets sail from [[Plymouth]], England, on his [[Francis Drake's circumnavigation|round-the-world voyage]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Bawlf|first=Samuel|title=The Secret Voyage of Sir Francis Drake|location=London|publisher=Penguin Books|date=2004|isbn=9780141005911|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=olzgzqMSWpIC|page=1}}</ref>
===1601–1900===
*[[1636]] &ndash; The [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] organizes three [[militia]] regiments to defend the colony against the [[Pequot]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]]. This organization is recognized today as the founding of the [[United States National Guard]].
*[[1623]] &ndash; [[Plymouth Colony|The Plymouth Colony]] establishes the system of [[Jury trial|trial]] by 12-men jury in the American colonies.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the World|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1989|page=244|isbn=0-13-133463-8}}</ref>
*[[1642]] &ndash; [[Abel Janszoon Tasman]] reaches [[New Zealand]].
*[[1636]] &ndash; The [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] organizes three [[militia]] regiments to defend the colony against the [[Pequot people|Pequot]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]], a date now considered the founding of the [[National Guard of the United States]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Doubler|first=Michael D.|title=The National Guard and Reserve: A Reference Handbook|location=Westport, Conn.|publisher=Praeger Security International|date=2008|isbn=9780275993252|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pNHbw5H07P4C|page=47}}</ref>
*[[1643]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]]: The [[Battle of Alton]] takes place in [[Hampshire]].
*[[1642]] &ndash; [[Abel Tasman]] is the first recorded European to sight [[New Zealand]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Kirk|first=Robert W.|title=Paradise Past: The Transformation of the South Pacific, 1520-1920|location=Jefferson, N.C.|publisher=McFarland & Company|date=2012|isbn=9780786469789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_j8-YmmA7-EC|page=31}}</ref>
*[[1769]] &ndash; [[Dartmouth College]] is founded by the [[Eleazar Wheelock|Rev. Eleazar Wheelock]], with a Royal Charter from King [[George III]], on land donated by Royal Governor [[John Wentworth (governor)|John Wentworth]].
*[[1643]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]]: The [[Battle of Alton]] takes place in [[Hampshire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Rayner|first=Michael|title=English Battlefields: An Illustrated Encyclopaedia|location=Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK|publisher=Tempus|date=2004|isbn=9780752429786|page=31}}</ref>
*[[1862]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: At the [[Battle of Fredericksburg]], [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] General [[Robert E. Lee]] defeats the [[Union Army|Union]] Major General [[Ambrose E. Burnside]].
*[[1758]] &ndash; The English transport ship ''[[Duke William (ship)|Duke William]]'' sinks in the North Atlantic, killing over 360 people.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Lockerby|first=Earle|title=The Deportation of the Acadians from Ile St.-Jean, 1758|journal=Acadiensis|date=Spring 1998|volume=27 |issue=2 |accessdate=December 13, 2021|url=https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/acadiensis/1998-v27-n2-acadiensis_27_2/acad27_2art03/|page=62}}</ref>
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: [[Battle of Nanjing]] &ndash; [[Nanjing]], defended by the [[National Revolutionary Army]] under the command of General [[Tang Shengzhi]], falls to the [[Imperial Japan|Japanese]].
*[[1769]] &ndash; [[Dartmouth College]] is founded by the Reverend [[Eleazar Wheelock]], with a [[royal charter]] from King [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]], on land donated by [[Governor-general#Governors-general in the British Empire|Royal governor]] [[Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet|John Wentworth]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Crosby|first=Nathan|title=The First Half Century of Dartmouth College|location=Hanover, N.H.|publisher=J.B. Parker|date=1876|oclc=248807351|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J38MAAAAYAAJ|pages=4–5}}</ref>
* 1937 &ndash; [[Nanking Massacre|Nanjing Massacre]]. Japanese troops begin carrying out several weeks of raping and killing of civilians and suspected Chinese resistance after the fall of Nanjing.
*[[1818]] &ndash; [[Cyril VI of Constantinople]] resigns from his position as Ecumenical Patriarch under pressure from the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Kiminas|first=Demetrius|title=Orthodox Christianity. Vol. 1: The Ecumenical Patriarchate: A History of Its Metropolitanates With Annotated Hierarch Catalogs|location=San Bernardino, Calif.|publisher=Borgo Press|date=2009|isbn=9781434458766|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QLWqXrW2X-8C|page=42}}</ref>
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: The [[Neuengamme|Neuengamme concentration camp]] opens in the [[Bergedorf]] district of [[Hamburg]], [[Germany]].
*[[1862]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: At the [[Battle of Fredericksburg]], [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] General [[Robert E. Lee]] defeats [[Union Army|Union]] Major General [[Ambrose Burnside]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Gallagher|first=Gary W.|title=The Fredericksburg Campaign: Decision on the Rappahannock|location=Chapel Hill, N.C.|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|date=1995|isbn=9780807821930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2FjqCQAAQBAJ|pages=viii-ix}}</ref>
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Battle of the River Plate]] &ndash; Captain [[Hans Langsdorff]] of the [[Nazi Germany|German]] [[Deutschland class cruiser]] (pocket battleship) ''[[German pocket battleship Admiral Graf Spee|Admiral Graf Spee]]'' engages with [[Royal Navy]] cruisers [[HMS Exeter (68)|HMS ''Exeter'']], [[HMS Ajax (22)|HMS ''Ajax'']] and [[HMNZS Achilles (70)|HMNZS ''Achilles'']].
*[[1867]] &ndash; A [[Fenian]] bomb explodes in [[Clerkenwell]], London, killing 12 people and injuring 50.<ref>{{cite book|last=Staniforth|first=Andrew|editor-last=Sampson|editor-first=Fraser|title=Routledge Companion to UK Counter Terrorism|location=London|publisher=Routledge|date=2013|isbn=9780415685856|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pemFtjeWK_UC|page=8}}</ref>
*[[1941]] &ndash; World War II: [[Hungary]] and [[Romania]] declare war on the [[United States]].
===1901–present===
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: 710 Bombers of U.S. [[8th Air Force]] attack [[Kiel]], Germany.
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: [[Battle of Nanking]]: The city of [[Nanjing]], defended by the [[National Revolutionary Army]] under the command of General [[Tang Shengzhi]], falls to the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]]. This is followed by the [[Nanking Massacre]], in which Japanese troops rape and slaughter hundreds of thousands of civilians.
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[Knesset]] votes to move the capital of [[Israel]] to [[Jerusalem]].
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Archbishop Makarios]] becomes the first President of [[Cyprus]].
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: The [[Neuengamme concentration camp]] opens in the [[Bergedorf]] district of [[Hamburg]], Germany.
*[[1939]] &ndash; The [[Battle of the River Plate]] is fought off the coast of Uruguay; the first naval battle of [[World War II]]. The [[Kriegsmarine]]'s [[Deutschland-class cruiser]] (pocket battleship) ''[[German cruiser Admiral Graf Spee|Admiral Graf Spee]]'' engages with three [[Royal Navy]] cruisers: {{HMS|Ajax|22|6}}, {{Ship|HMNZS|Achilles|70|6}} and {{HMS|Exeter|68|6}}.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bidlingmaier |first=Gerhard |title=Warship Profile 4 |chapter=KM Admiral Graf Spee |publisher=Profile Publications |location=Windsor |year=1971 |pages=88–91 |oclc=20229321}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Jackson |editor-first=Robert |title=Kriegsmarine: The Illustrated History of the German Navy in WWII |publisher=MBI Publishing Company |location=Osceola |year=2001 |pages=64–67 |isbn=978-07-60310-26-7}}</ref>
*[[1951]] &ndash; [[Margaret Thatcher]] (Roberts) marries [[Denis Thatcher]] at City Methodist in [[London]].
*[[1943]] &ndash; World War II: The [[Massacre of Kalavryta]] by German occupying forces in Greece.
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[NASA]] "Relay 1" launch, first active repeater communications [[satellite]] in orbit.
*[[1949]] &ndash; The [[Knesset]] votes to move the capital of [[Israel]] from [[Tel Aviv]] to [[Jerusalem]].
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Constantine II of Greece]] attempts an unsuccessful [[Greek military junta of 1967-1974#The King's Counter-Coup|counter-coup]] against the [[Greek military junta of 1967-1974|Regime of the Colonels]]
*[[1957]] &ndash; The {{M|w}} 6.5 [[1957 Farsinaj earthquake|Farsinaj earthquake]] strikes Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII, causing at least 1,119 deaths and damaging over 5,000 homes.<ref name="AMBRASEYS">{{cite journal |last1=Ambraseys |first1=N. N. |last2=Moinfar |first2=A. A. |last3=Peronaci |first3=P. |title=The Seismieity of Iran the Farsinaj (Kermanshah) earthquake of 13 December 1957 |journal=Annals of Geophysics |date=1973 |volume=26 |issue=4 |doi=10.4401/ag-5030 |url=https://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/view/5030|doi-access=free }}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Brazil]]ian [[President of Brazil|president]] [[Artur da Costa e Silva]] decrees the [[AI-5]] (or the fifth Institutional Act), which lasts until 1978 and marks the beginning of the hard times of [[Brazilian military dictatorship]].
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[List of archbishops of Cyprus|Archbishop]] [[Makarios III]] becomes the first [[President of Cyprus]].
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Apollo program]]: [[Eugene Cernan]] and [[Harrison Schmitt]] begin the third and final [[Extra-vehicular activity]] (EVA) or "Moonwalk" of [[Apollo 17]]. This was the last manned mission to the moon of the 20th century.
*[[1960]] &ndash; While [[Emperor of Ethiopia|Emperor]] [[Haile Selassie]] of [[Ethiopia]] visits Brazil, his [[Kebur Zabagna|Imperial Bodyguard]] [[1960 Ethiopian coup attempt|seizes the capital]] and proclaims him deposed and his son, Crown Prince [[Amha Selassie|Asfa Wossen]], Emperor.
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Malta]] becomes a republic.
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[NASA]] launches ''[[Relay program#Relay 1|Relay 1]]'', the first active repeater communications [[satellite]] in orbit.
*[[1977]] &ndash; A DC-3 aircraft chartered from the Indianapolis-based National Jet crashes near [[Evansville Regional Airport]], killing 29, including the [[University of Evansville]] basketball team, support staff and boosters of the team.
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Constantine II of Greece]] attempts an unsuccessful [[Greek military junta of 1967–74#The King's counter-coup|counter-coup]] against the [[Greek military junta of 1967–74|Regime of the Colonels]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; The [[Canadian Government]] of Prime Minister [[Joe Clark]] is defeated in the [[Canadian House of Commons|House of Commons]], prompting the [[Canadian federal election, 1980|1980 Canadian election]].
*[[1981]] &ndash; General [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]] declares [[martial law]] in [[Poland]] to prevent dismantling of the communist system by ''[[Solidarity]]''.
*[[1968]] &ndash; Brazilian President [[Artur da Costa e Silva]] issues [[AI-5]] (Institutional Act No. 5), enabling government by decree and suspending [[habeas corpus]].
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Apollo program]]: [[Eugene Cernan]] and [[Harrison Schmitt]] begin the third and final [[extra-vehicular activity]] (EVA) or "Moonwalk" of ''[[Apollo 17]]''. To date they are the last humans to set foot on the Moon.
*[[1989]] &ndash; The last issue of ''Gnistan'' (The Spark), the organ of the [[Communist Party of Sweden (1967)|Solidaritetspartiet]], is published in [[Sweden]].
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Kofi Annan]] is elected as [[Secretary-General of the United Nations]].
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Malta]] becomes a republic within the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
* 1974 &ndash; In the [[Vietnam War]], the [[North Vietnam]]ese forces launch their [[1975 Spring Offensive]] (to 30 April 1975), which results in the final capitulation of [[South Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Viên |first=Cao Văn |title=The Final Collapse |publisher=University Press of the Pacific |location=Honolulu |year=1983 |pages=59–60 |isbn=978-14-10219-55-8}}</ref>
*[[2000]] &ndash; The "[[Texas 7]]" escape from the [[John Connally Unit]] near [[Kenedy, Texas]] and go on a robbery spree, during which police officer [[Aubrey Hawkins]] is shot and killed.
*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Air Indiana Flight 216]] crashes near [[Evansville Regional Airport]], killing 29, including the [[Evansville Purple Aces men's basketball|University of Evansville basketball team]], support staff, and boosters of the team.
* 2000 &ndash; [[Vice President of the United States|American Vice President]] [[Al Gore]] delivers his concession speech effectively ending his hopes of becoming the 43rd [[President of the United States]].
*[[1981]] &ndash; General [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]] declares [[Martial law in Poland|martial law]] in Poland, largely due to the actions by ''[[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]]''.
*[[2001]] &ndash; the [[Indian Parliament]] Sansad is [[2001 Indian Parliament attack|attacked]] by terrorists. 15 people are killed, including all the terrorists.
*[[1982]] &ndash; The 6.0 {{M|s}} [[1982 North Yemen earthquake|North Yemen earthquake]] shakes southwestern [[Yemen]] with a maximum [[Mercalli intensity scale|Mercalli intensity]] of VIII (''Severe''), killing 2,800, and injuring 1,500.
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Enlargement of the European Union]]: The [[European Union]] announces that [[Cyprus]], the [[Czech Republic]], [[Estonia]], [[Hungary]], [[Latvia]], [[Lithuania]], [[Malta]], [[Poland]], [[Slovakia]], and [[Slovenia]] will become members from [[May 1]], [[2004]].
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization|PLO Chairman]] [[Yasser Arafat]] gives a speech at a [[United Nations General Assembly|UN General Assembly]] meeting in [[Geneva]], Switzerland, after United States authorities refused to grant him a [[Visa (document)|visa]] to visit UN headquarters in New York.
*[[2003]] &ndash; Former [[Iraq]]i President [[Saddam Hussein]] is captured near his home town of [[Tikrit]] (see [[Operation Red Dawn]]).
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[The Troubles]]: [[Attack on Derryard checkpoint]]: The [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] launches an attack on a [[British Army]] temporary vehicle checkpoint near [[Rosslea|Rosslea, Northern Ireland]]. Two British soldiers are killed and two others are wounded.
*[[2004]] &ndash; Former [[Chile]]an [[dictator]], General [[Pinochet|Augusto Pinochet]] is put under house arrest, after being sued under accusations over 9 kidnapping actions and manslaughter. The house arrest is lifted the same day on appeal.
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Flagship Airlines Flight 3379]] crashes in [[Morrisville, North Carolina]], near [[Raleigh–Durham International Airport]], killing 15.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident British Aerospace 3201 Jetstream 32 N918AE Raleigh/Durham Airport, NC (RDU)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19941213-0|access-date=2021-12-01|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=[[Aviation Safety Network]]}}</ref>
*[[2006]] &ndash; The [[Baiji]], or Chinese River Dolphin, announced as extinct.
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[Banat Air Flight 166]] crashes in [[Sommacampagna]] near [[Verona Villafranca Airport]] in [[Verona]], [[Italy]], killing 49.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Antonov An-24V YR-AMR Verona Airport (VRN)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19951213-0|access-date=2021-12-12|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=Aviation Safety Network}}</ref>
*[[2007]] &ndash; The [[Mitchell Report]] is publicly released listing the names of 89 [[Major League Baseball]] players that have presumably used [[anabolic steroids]] and [[Growth hormone|human growth hormones]]. Notable players to be named include [[Roger Clemens]] and [[Miguel Tejada]].
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Sansad Bhavan]], the building housing the [[Parliament of India|Indian Parliament]], [[2001 Indian Parliament attack|is attacked by terrorists]]. Twelve people are killed, including the terrorists.
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[2004 enlargement of the European Union|European Union enlargement]]: The EU announces that [[Cyprus]], [[Czech Republic|the Czech Republic]], [[Estonia]], [[Hungary]], [[Latvia]], [[Lithuania]], [[Malta]], [[Poland]], [[Slovakia]], and [[Slovenia]] will become members on May 1, 2004.
*[[2003]] &ndash; [[Iraq War]]: [[Operation Red Dawn]]: Former Iraqi President [[Saddam Hussein]] is captured near his home town of [[Tikrit]].
*[[2007]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Lisbon]] is signed by the [[Member state of the European Union|EU member states]] to amend both the [[Treaty of Rome]] and the [[Maastricht Treaty]] which together form the constitutional basis of the EU. The Treaty of Lisbon is effective from 1 December 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/5/the-treaty-of-lisbon |title=The Treaty of Lisbon |series=Fact Sheets on the European Union |publisher=European Parliament |location=Brussels |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>


==Births==
==Births==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1521]] &ndash; [[Pope Sixtus V]] (d. 1590)
*[[1533]] &ndash; King [[Eric XIV of Sweden]] (d. 1577)
*[[1272]] &ndash; King [[Frederick III of Sicily]] (d. 1337)
*[[1363]] &ndash; [[Jean Gerson]], chancellor of the [[University of Paris]] (d. 1429)<ref>{{cite book|author=Guillaume Henri Marie Posthumus Meyjes|title=Jean Gerson, Apostle of Unity: His Church Politics and Ecclesiology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=64h0Y-lLB7AC&pg=PA13|year=1999|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-11296-0|pages=13}}</ref>
*[[1553]] &ndash; King [[Henry IV of France]] (d. 1610)
*[[1476]] &ndash; [[Lucy Brocadelli]], Dominican tertiary and stigmatic (d. 1544)<ref>{{cite book|author1=Alban Butler|author2=Paul Burns|title=Butler's Lives of the Saints|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dCwqkdk1LcsC&pg=PA124|date=1 January 1995|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-0-86012-260-9|pages=124}}</ref>
*[[1484]] &ndash; [[Paul Speratus]], German Lutheran (d. 1551)<ref>{{cite book|author=Theodore Kübler|title=Historical Notes to the Lyra Germanica: Containing Brief Memoirs of the Authors of the Hymns Therein Translated, and Notices of Remarkable Occasions on which Some of Them, Or Any of Their Verses, Have Been Used; with Notices of Other German Hymn-writers Represented in Other English Collections|url=https://archive.org/details/historicalnotes00versgoog|year=1865|publisher=Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historicalnotes00versgoog/page/n354 332]}}</ref>
*[[1491]] &ndash; [[Martín de Azpilcueta]], Spanish theologian and economist (d. 1586)
*[[1499]] &ndash; [[Justus Menius]], German Lutheran pastor (d. 1558)
*[[1521]] &ndash; [[Pope Sixtus V]] (d. 1590)<ref>{{cite book |last1=Woodward |first1=Bernard Bolingbroke |last2=Cates |first2=William Leist Readwin |title=Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical |date=1872 |publisher=Lee and Shepard |page=1289 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeI0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1289 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1533]] &ndash; [[Eric XIV of Sweden]] (d. 1577)<ref>{{cite web |title=Erik XIV {{!}} king of Sweden |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Erik-XIV |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1553]] &ndash; [[Henry IV of France]] (d. 1610)<ref>{{cite web |title=Henry IV {{!}} king of France {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-IV-king-of-France |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=12 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1560]] &ndash; [[Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully]], 2nd [[Prime Minister of France]] (d. 1641)
*[[1585]] &ndash; [[William Drummond of Hawthornden]], Scottish poet (d. 1649)
*[[1585]] &ndash; [[William Drummond of Hawthornden]], Scottish poet (d. 1649)

*[[1640]] &ndash; [[Robert Plot]], English naturalist (d. 1696)
===1601–1900===
*[[1662]] &ndash; [[Francesco Bianchini]], Italian philosopher and scientist (d. 1729)
*[[1640]] &ndash; [[Robert Plot]], English chemist and academic (d. 1696)
*[[1662]] &ndash; [[Francesco Bianchini]], Italian astronomer and philosopher (d. 1729)
*[[1678]] &ndash; [[Yongzheng Emperor]] of China (d. 1735)
*[[1678]] &ndash; [[Yongzheng Emperor]] of China (d. 1735)
*[[1720]] &ndash; [[Carlo Gozzi]], Italian dramatist (d. 1804)
*[[1720]] &ndash; [[Carlo Gozzi]], Italian playwright (d. 1804)
*[[1724]] &ndash; [[Franz Aepinus]], German scientist (d. 1802)
*[[1724]] &ndash; [[Franz Aepinus]], German astronomer and philosopher (d. 1802)
*[[1769]] &ndash; [[James Scarlett Abinger]], English judge (d. 1844)
*[[1780]] &ndash; [[Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner]], German chemist, invented the [[Döbereiner's lamp]] (d. 1849)
*[[1784]] &ndash; [[Archduke Louis of Austria]] (d. 1864)
*[[1784]] &ndash; [[Archduke Louis of Austria]] (d. 1864)
*[[1797]] &ndash; [[Heinrich Heine]], German poet (d. 1856)
*[[1797]] &ndash; [[Heinrich Heine]], German journalist, poet, and critic (d. 1856)
*[[1804]] &ndash; [[Joseph Howe]], Canadian politician (d. 1873)
*[[1804]] &ndash; [[Joseph Howe]], Canadian journalist and politician, 5th [[Premier of Nova Scotia]] (d. 1873)
*[[1814]] &ndash; [[Ana Néri]], Brazilian nurse and philanthropist (d. 1880)<ref>{{cite book|first=Lola|last=de Oliveira|title=Minhas Viagens ao Norte do Brasil: Espirito Santo, Baía, Sergipe, Alagoas, Peruambuco, Paraíba, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norke|location=Rio de Janeiro|publisher=Grafica Laemmert|date=1941|page=64|oclc=1128688745|language=PT}}</ref>
*[[1816]] &ndash; [[Ernst Werner von Siemens]], German engineer, inventor, and industrialist (d. 1892)
*[[1818]] &ndash; [[Mary Todd Lincoln]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (d. 1882)
*[[1816]] &ndash; [[Werner von Siemens]], German engineer and businessman, founded [[Siemens]] (d. 1892)
*[[1836]] &ndash; [[Franz von Lenbach]], German painter (d. 1904)
*[[1818]] &ndash; [[Mary Todd Lincoln]], 16th [[First Lady of the United States]] (d. 1882)
*[[1856]] &ndash; [[Svetozar Boroević]], Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d. 1920)
*[[1830]] &ndash; [[Mathilde Fibiger]], Danish feminist, novelist and telegraphist (d. 1892)
*[[1836]] &ndash; [[Franz von Lenbach]], German painter and academic (d. 1904)
*[[1854]] &ndash; [[Herman Bavinck]], Dutch philosopher, theologian, and academic (d. 1921)
*[[1856]] &ndash; [[Svetozar Boroević]], Croatian-Austrian field marshal (d. 1920)
*[[1860]] &ndash; [[Lucien Guitry]], French actor (d. 1925)
*[[1860]] &ndash; [[Lucien Guitry]], French actor (d. 1925)
*[[1864]] &ndash; [[Emil Seidel]], Mayor of Milwaukee (d. 1947)
*[[1864]] &ndash; [[Emil Seidel]], American woodcarver and politician, 36th [[Mayor of Milwaukee]] (d. 1947)
*[[1867]] &ndash; [[Kristian Birkeland]], Norwegian explorer and scientist (d. 1917)
*[[1867]] &ndash; [[Kristian Birkeland]], Norwegian physicist and author (d. 1917)
*[[1870]] &ndash; [[Edward LeSaint]], American actor and director (d. 1940)
*[[1870]] &ndash; [[Edward LeSaint]], American actor and director (d. 1940)
*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Emily Carr]], Canadian artist (d. 1945)
*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Emily Carr]], Canadian painter and author (d. 1945)
*[[1874]] &ndash; [[Josef Lhévinne]], Russian-born pianist (d. 1944)
*[[1874]] &ndash; [[Josef Lhévinne]], Russian pianist and educator (d. 1944)
*[[1882]] &ndash; [[Jane Edna Hunter]], African-American social worker (d. 1971)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/h/hunter-jane-edna-harris|title=HUNTER, JANE EDNA (HARRIS)|date=2019-02-12|website=Encyclopedia of Cleveland History {{!}} Case Western Reserve University|language=en|access-date=2019-10-02}}</ref>
*[[1883]] &ndash; [[Belle da Costa Greene]], American librarian, bibliographer and archivist (d. 1950)
*[[1883]] &ndash; [[Belle da Costa Greene]], American librarian and bibliographer (d. 1950)<ref>{{cite web |title=Belle da Costa Greene {{!}} American librarian and bibliographer |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Belle-da-Costa-Greene |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=13 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1887]] &ndash; [[George Polya]], Hungarian-born mathematician (d. 1985)
*[[1887]] &ndash; [[Alvin York]], American soldier & [[Medal of Honor]] recipient (d. 1964)
*[[1884]] &ndash; [[Aimilios Veakis]], Greek actor, director, and playwright (d. 1951)
*[[1897]] &ndash; [[Drew Pearson (journalist)|Drew Pearson]], American journalist (d. 1969)
*[[1885]] &ndash; [[Annie Dale Biddle Andrews]], American mathematician (d. 1940)
*[[1902]] &ndash; [[Talcott Parsons]], American sociologist, (d. 1979)
*[[1887]] &ndash; [[George Pólya]], Hungarian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1985)
*[[1903]] &ndash; [[Carlos Montoya]], Spanish guitarist (d. 1993)
* 1887 &ndash; [[Alvin C. York]], American colonel, [[Medal of Honor]] recipient (d. 1964)
*[[1895]] &ndash; [[Lucía Sánchez Saornil]], Spanish anarchist feminist (d. 1970)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Graham|first=Helen|year=2009|title=Sánchez Saornil, Lucía (1895–1970)|editor-last=Ness|editor-first=Immanuel|encyclopedia=The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest|doi=10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1301|isbn=9781405198073|pages=1–3}}</ref>
*[[1906]] &ndash; [[Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark|Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent]] (d. 1968)
*[[1906]] &ndash; Sir [[Laurens van der Post]], South African author (d. 1996)
*[[1897]] &ndash; [[Albert Aalbers]], Dutch architect, designed the [[Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel]] (d. 1961)
*[[1910]] &ndash; [[Van Heflin]], American actor (d. 1971)
* 1897 &ndash; [[Drew Pearson (journalist)|Drew Pearson]], American journalist and author (d. 1969)
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Trygve Haavelmo]], Norwegian economist and [[Nobel Prize in Economics|Bank of Sweden Prize]] winner (d. 1999)
*[[1900]] &ndash; [[Jonel Perlea]], Romanian-American conductor and educator (d. 1970)

*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Kenneth Patchen]], American poet and painter (d. 1972)
===1901–present===
*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Arnold Brown (General of The Salvation Army)|Arnold Brown]], the 11th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (d. 2002)
*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Archie Moore]], American boxer (d. 1998)
*[[1901]] &ndash; [[Olev Roomet]], Estonian singer, violinist, and [[bagpipe]] player (d. 1987)
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[Curd Jürgens]], German-born Austrian actor (d. 1982)
*[[1902]] &ndash; [[Panagiotis Kanellopoulos]], Greek philosopher and politician, 138th [[Prime Minister of Greece]] (d. 1986)
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[Ross Macdonald]], American-born author (d. 1983)
* 1902 &ndash; [[Talcott Parsons]], American sociologist and academic (d. 1979)
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[B. J. Vorster]], [[List of Prime Ministers of South Africa|Prime Minister of South Africa]] 1966-1978 (d. 1983)
*[[1903]] &ndash; [[Ella Baker]], American activist (d. 1986)
* 1903 &ndash; [[Carlos Montoya]], Spanish guitarist and composer (d. 1993)
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[John Hart (actor)|John Hart]], American actor
*[[1905]] &ndash; [[Ann Barzel]], American writer and dance critic (d. 2007)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qojgLBuEFEUC&q=Ann+Barzel+%221905%22&pg=PA29|title=Chicago Portraits: New Edition|last=Sawyers|first=June Skinner|date=2012|publisher=Northwestern University Press|isbn=9780810126497|pages=29|language=en}}</ref>
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Hans-Joachim Marseille]], German [[flying ace]] of [[World War II]] (d. 1942)
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[George Shultz]], [[United States Secretary of State]] 1982-1989
*[[1906]] &ndash; [[Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark]] (d. 1968)
*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Philip Warren Anderson]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel laureate]]
* 1906 &ndash; [[Laurens van der Post]], South African-English soldier and author (d. 1996)
*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Larry Doby]], American baseball player (d. 2003)
*[[1908]] &ndash; [[Elizabeth Alexander (scientist)|Elizabeth Alexander]], English geologist, academic, and physicist (d. 1958)
*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Dick Van Dyke]], American actor and comedian
* 1908 &ndash; [[Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira]], Brazilian historian and activist (d. 1995)
*[[1926]] &ndash; [[George Rhoden]], Jamaican athlete
* 1908 &ndash; [[Van Heflin]], American film actor (d. 1971)
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Trygve Haavelmo]], Norwegian economist and mathematician, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. 1999)
*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Christopher Plummer]], Canadian actor
*[[1930]] &ndash; [[Robert Prosky]], American actor (d. 2008)
* 1911 &ndash; [[Kenneth Patchen]], American poet and painter (d. 1972)
*[[1934]] &ndash; [[Richard D. Zanuck]], American film producer
*[[1912]] &ndash; [[Luiz Gonzaga]], Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (d. 1989)
*[[1913]] &ndash; [[Archie Moore]], American boxer and actor (d. 1998)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-archie-moore-1190575.html |last=Mee |first=Bob |title=Obituary: Archie Moore |work=The Independent |location=London |date=11 December 1998 |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Joe Christopher]], American baseball player
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Kenneth Hall (football player)|Ken Hall]], American football player
*[[1914]] &ndash; [[Alan Bullock]], English historian and author (d. 2004)
* 1914 &ndash; [[Larry Noble (actor)|Larry Noble]], English comedian and actor (d. 1993)
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Lindy McDaniel]], American baseball player
*[[1915]] &ndash; [[B. J. Vorster]], South African lawyer and politician, 4th [[State President of South Africa]] (d. 1983)<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Vorster |title=John Vorster |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=Edinburgh |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1936]] &ndash; [[Aga Khan IV|His Highness Prince Karim Aga Khan]] (Aga Khan IV), Imam (leader) of the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims
*[[1936]] &ndash; [[J. C. Martin]], American baseball player
*[[1916]] &ndash; [[Leonard Weisgard]], American author and illustrator (d. 2000)
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Ulf G. Lindén]], Swedish entrepreneur (d. 2009)
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Hans-Joachim Marseille]], German captain and pilot (d. 1942)
*[[1920]] &ndash; [[George P. Shultz]], American economist and politician, 60th [[United States Secretary of State]] (d. 2021)<ref name="wapost">{{cite news |last1=Abramowitz |first1=Michael |title=George P. Shultz, counsel and Cabinet member for two Republican presidents, dies at 100 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/george-shultz-dead/2021/02/07/08a6feaa-c6a1-11e8-9b1c-a90f1daae309_story.html |newspaper=Washington Post |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Weiner|first=Tim|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/obituaries/george-p-shultz-dead.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/obituaries/george-p-shultz-dead.html |archive-date=2021-12-28 |url-access=limited|title=George P. Shultz, Influential Cabinet Official Under Nixon and Reagan, Dies at 100|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|date=7 February 2021|access-date=7 February 2021|issn=0362-4331}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Ron Taylor (baseball)|Ron Taylor]], Canadian baseball player
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Alvin Curran]], American composer
*[[1921]] &ndash; [[Turgut Demirağ]], Turkish film producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1987)
*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Philip Warren Anderson]], American physicist and academic, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. 2020)
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Heino]], German folk singer.
* 1923 &ndash; [[Larry Doby]], American baseball player (d. 2003)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Castrovince |first1=Anthony |title=Doby's legacy, too often forgotten, lives on |url=https://www.mlb.com/news/larry-doby-legacy-as-first-black-player-in-american-league |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=7 December 2022 |date=13 December 2021}}</ref>
*[[1939]] &ndash; [[Eric Flynn]], British actor and singer (d. 2002)
*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Dick Van Dyke]], American actor, singer, and dancer<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dick-Van-Dyke |title=Dick Van Dyke |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=Edinburgh |access-date=6 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1941]] &ndash; [[John Davidson (entertainer)|John Davidson]], American actor and game show host
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Anna Eshoo]], American politician
*[[1927]] &ndash; [[James Wright (poet)|James Wright]], American poet and academic (d. 1980)
*[[1928]] &ndash; [[Solomon Feferman]], American philosopher and mathematician (d. 2016)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.illc.uva.nl/LogicList/newsitem.php?id=7645 |title = Solomon Feferman (1928-2016)}}</ref>
*[[1943]] &ndash; [[Ferguson Jenkins]], Canadian baseball player
*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Christopher Plummer]], Canadian actor and producer (d. 2021)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Weber |first1=Bruce |title=Christopher Plummer, Actor From Shakespeare to 'The Sound of Music,' Dies at 91 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/movies/christopher-plummer-dead.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/movies/christopher-plummer-dead.html |archive-date=2021-12-28 |url-access=limited |website=The New York Times |access-date=6 February 2021 |date=5 February 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christopher-Plummer |title=Christopher Plummer |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=Edinburgh |access-date=6 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1943]] &ndash; [[Gösta Winbergh]], Swedish tenor (d. 2002)
*[[1931]] - [[Ida Vos]], Dutch Jewish author of books for children and adults (d. 2006)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography of Ida Vos |url=https://www.biographies.net/people/en/ida_vos |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=www.biographies.net}}</ref>
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Hwang Jang Lee]], Korean martial artist and film actor
*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Paul Bracq]], French automotive designer<ref name=RTp505>{{cite journal | ref = RT505 | journal = Road & Track's Road Test Annual & Buyer's Guide 1981 | issue = January–February 1981 | title = Peugeot 505: "Progress not compromise, the Peugeot for the Eighties" &mdash; P.S.A. Peugeot-Citroën | editor-first = Tony | editor-last = Hogg | page = 142 }}</ref>
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Kathy Garver]], American actress
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Brian McGuire]], Australian racing driver (d. 1977)
*[[1934]] &ndash; [[Richard D. Zanuck]], American film producer (d. 2012)
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Türkan Saylan]], Turkish physician and academic (d. 2009)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/22/world/europe/22saylan-1.html |last=Arsu |first=Sebnem |title=Türkan Saylan, Women's Rights Champion, Dies at 73 |newspaper=New York Times |date=21 May 2009 |access-date=11 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Darlene Cates]], American actress
*[[1936]] &ndash; [[Aga Khan IV|Prince Karim al-Husayn Shāh, Aga Khan IV]], Swiss humanitarian and religious leader<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aga-Khan-IV |title=Aga Khan IV |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=Edinburgh |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Dave Hamilton]], American baseball player
*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Gus Johnson (basketball)|Gus Johnson]], American basketball player (d. 1987)<ref>{{cite web|title=Gus Johnson|url=http://www.hoophall.com/hall-of-famers/gus-johnson/|publisher=The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame|access-date=8 February 2020}}</ref>
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Jeff Baxter]], American guitarist ([[Steely Dan]], [[The Doobie Brothers]])
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Sanjaya Lall]], Indian economist and academic (d. 2005)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jul/07/guardianobituaries |last=Desai |first=Meghnad |title=Sanjaya Lall |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=7 July 2005 |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Ted Nugent]], American guitarist
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Howard Brenton]], English playwright and screenwriter<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/oct/09/theatre1 |last=Hoggard |first=Liz |title=Stage left |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=9 October 2005 |access-date=7 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Brian Wilson (politician)|Brian Wilson]], Scottish politician
* 1942 &ndash; [[Ferguson Jenkins]], Canadian baseball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Ferguson Jenkins |url=https://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/inductee/ferguson-jenkins |publisher=[[Canada's Walk of Fame]] |access-date=7 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Randy Owen]], American country singer and guitarist ([[Alabama (band)|Alabama]])
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Herman Cain]], American businessman, politician, and activist (d. 2020)<ref name="UPI">{{cite web |title=Famous birthdays for Dec. 13: Steve Buscemi, Jamie Foxx |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2022/12/13/Famous-birthdays-for-Dec-13-Steve-Buscemi-Jamie-Foxx/6771670903223/ |publisher=[[UPI]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=13 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Tom Verlaine]], American singer and guitarist ([[Television (band)|Television]])
*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Jeff Baxter]], American guitarist, songwriter, and producer<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/jeff-baxter-mn0000815795 |title=Jeff Baxter – Biography |website=AllMusic |access-date=6 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Robert Lindsay (actor)|Robert Lindsay]], English actor
* 1948 &ndash; [[Lillian Board]], British athlete (d. 1970)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/26/newsid_2542000/2542813.stm |title=1970: 'Golden girl' of British athletics dies |work=BBC Sport |publisher=BBC |location=London |date=26 December 1970 |access-date=17 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Paula Wilcox]], English actress
* 1948 &ndash; [[Ted Nugent]], American musician<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nugent |first1=Ted |title=Happy Birthday to Me!! |url=https://www.tednugent.com/happy-birthday-to-me/ |website=TedNugent.com |access-date=14 December 2022 |date=15 December 2021}}</ref>
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Wendie Malick]], American actress
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Wendie Malick]], American actress<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rizzo |first1=Monica |title=Happy Birthday: Wendie Malick Turns 60! |url=https://people.com/celebrity/wendie-malick-turns-60-happy-birthday/ |publisher=[[People (magazine)|People]] |access-date=14 December 2022 |date=13 December 2010}}</ref>
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Tom Vilsack]], Governor of Iowa
*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Muhsin Kenon]], American basketball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Larry Kenon |url=https://www.nba.com/stats/player/77246/career |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Sylvester Ritter|Sylvester Ritter (Junkyard Dog)]], American professional wrestler (d. 1998)
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Ben Bernanke]], American economist and current United States [[Chairman of the Federal Reserve]]
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Ben Bernanke]], American economist<ref>{{cite web |title=Biography of Dr. Ben S. Bernanke |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/cea/bbernankebio.html |publisher=[[White House]] |access-date=7 December 2022}}</ref>
* 1953 &ndash; [[Bob Gainey]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Bob Gainey |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/bob-gainey-8446998 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Bill Castro]], Dominican baseball player
*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Phil Hubbard]], American basketball player and coach<ref>{{cite web |title=Phil Hubbard |url=https://www.nba.com/stats/player/77071/career |publisher=[[National Basketball Association]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Bob Gainey]], Canadian ice hockey player
*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Steve Buscemi]], American actor and director<ref>{{cite web |title=Steve Buscemi |url=https://www.empireonline.com/people/steve-buscemi/ |publisher=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] |access-date=7 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[John Anderson (musician)|John Anderson]], American country music singer-songwriter
* 1957 &ndash; [[Morris Day]], American musician and actor<ref>{{cite web |title=Morris Day |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/morris-day-mn0000930642/biography |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=7 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[Tamora Pierce]], American author
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Johnny Whitaker]], American actor<ref name="AP">{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=Today's famous birthdays list for December 13, 2022 includes celebrities Taylor Swift, Jamie Foxx |url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/12/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-december-13-2022-includes-celebrities-taylor-swift-jamie-foxx.html |website=[[The Plain Dealer]] |publisher=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=11 December 2023 |date=13 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Dale Berra]], American baseball player
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Richard Dent]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.profootballhof.com/players/richard-dent/ |title=Richard Dent |publisher=Pro Football Hall of Fame |location=Canton, Ohio |access-date=6 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Majida El Roumi]], Lebanese singer
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Gary Zimmerman]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Gary Zimmerman |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/6949/gary-zimmerman |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Steve Buscemi]], American actor
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Rex Ryan]], American football coach and analyst<ref>{{cite web |title=Rex Ryan |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/coaches/RyanRe0.htm |publisher=[[Sports Reference]] |access-date=14 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Morris Day]], American singer ([[The Time (band)|The Time]])
*[[1964]] &ndash; [[Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš|Krišjānis Kariņš]], American-Latvian politician, 23rd [[Prime Minister of Latvia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eng.lsm.lv/article/politics/politics/latvia-gets-a-new-government-led-by-krisjanis-karins.a306967/|title=Latvia gets a new government led by Krišjānis Kariņš|date=January 23, 2019|website=ENG.LSM.lv|access-date=February 24, 2022}}</ref>
*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Jean-Marie Messier]], French businessman
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Petra Wimmer]], Austrian politician<ref>{{cite web |title=Recherchieren: Personen - Petra Wimmer |url=https://www.parlament.gv.at/person/2338 |publisher=[[Austrian Parliament]] |access-date=21 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240929163809/https://www.parlament.gv.at/person/2338 |archive-date=29 September 2024 |location=Vienna, Austria |language=de}}</ref>
*[[1958]] &ndash; [[Lynn-Holly Johnson]], American figure skater and actress
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Jamie Foxx]], American actor, singer, songwriter, producer, and comedian<ref>{{cite web |url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p44725|pure_url=yes}} |last=Kellman |first=Andy |title=Jamie Foxx – Biography |website=AllMusic |access-date=6 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Jim Barrell]], American professional wrestler
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Sergei Fedorov]], Russian ice hockey player and coach<ref>{{cite web |title=Sergei Fedorov |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/sergei-fedorov-8446788 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Johnny Whitaker]], American actor
*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Scott Sattler]], Australian rugby league player<ref>[http://rugbyleagueproject.com/players/Scott_Sattler.html RLP]</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Daggubati Venkatesh]], Indian actor
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Matti Kärki]], Swedish heavy metal singer<ref>{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p38425/biography|pure_url=yes}}|title=Biography: Dismember|last=Huey|first=Steve|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|accessdate=20 March 2010}}</ref>
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Harry Gregson-Williams]], English composer
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Tom DeLonge]], American singer-songwriter, guitarist, author, and filmmaker<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vqQjuzPrqIwC |title=Gear Secrets of the Guitar Legends: How to Sound Like Your Favorite Players |last1=Prown |first1=Pete |last2=Sharken |first2=Lisa |date=2003 |publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation |isbn=9780879307516 |pages=104 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Irene Saez]], [[Miss Universe 1981]] and Venezuelan politician
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Gary Zimmerman]], American football player
* 1975 &ndash; [[James Kyson]], American actor<ref name="AP"></ref>
* 1975 &ndash; [[Matthew LeCroy]], American baseball player and manager<ref>{{cite web |title=Matthew LeCroy |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/matthew-lecroy-150220 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Roger Ilegems]], Belgian track cyclist and road bicycle racer
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Cameron Douglas]], American actor<ref>{{cite book |last=Dougan |first=Andy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vnwdAQAAIAAJ&q=cameron+douglas+born+1978+%22michael+douglas%22 |title=Michael Douglas: Out of the Shadows: The Unauthorised Biography |publisher=Robson Books |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-8610-5347-3 |page=123}}</ref>
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Kendra Slewenski]], English netballer
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Amy Lee]], American singer, songwriter and pianist<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metalcastle.net/evanescences-amy-lee-poses-weirdly-to-show-her-thanks-to-fans/ |last=Altintas |first=Sami |title=Evanescence's Amy Lee poses weirdly to show her thanks to fans |work=MetalCastle |publisher=MetalCastle Media & News Company |location=Perry, Iowa |date=14 December 2020 |access-date=11 February 2021}}</ref>
*[[1964]] &ndash; [[hide (musician)|hide]], Japanese musician ([[X Japan]]) (d. 1998)
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Dan Hamhuis]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Dan Hamhuis |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/dan-hamhuis-8469465 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Marko Mäetamm]], Estonian artist
* 1982 &ndash; [[Ricky Nolasco]], American baseball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Ricky Nolasco |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/ricky-nolasco-445060 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Ross Burden]], New Zealand celebrity chef
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Laura Hodges]], Australian basketball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Laura Hodges |url=https://www.espn.com/wnba/player/gamelog/_/id/2969494/laura-hodges |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Don Roff]], American writer and filmmaker
*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Santi Cazorla]], Spanish footballer<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/season=2014/clubs/player=72644/index.html |title=Santi Cazorla |publisher=UEFA |location=Nyon, Switzerland |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Jamie Foxx]], American actor
* 1984 &ndash; [[Hanna-Maria Seppälä]], Finnish [[Freestyle swimming|freestyle]] swimmer<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.olympic.org/hanna-maria-seppala |title=Hanna Maria Seppala |publisher=International Olympic Committee |location=Lausanne |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Bo Pelini]], American football coach
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[James Holmes (mass murderer)|James Holmes]], American mass murderer<ref>{{cite web |title=Profile: Aurora cinema shooting killer James Holmes |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-18937513 |website=BBC |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref>
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Tony Curran]], Scottish actor
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Rickie Fowler]], American golfer<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pgatour.com/players/player.32102.rickie-fowler.html |title=Rickie Fowler |publisher=PGA Tour, Inc. |location=Palm Beach Gardens, Florida |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Sergei Fedorov]], Russian ice hockey player
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Hellen Obiri]], Kenyan runner<ref>{{cite web |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/kenya/hellen-obiri-14424921 |title=Hellen Obiri |publisher=World Athletics |location=Monaco |date=2019 |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Murat Nasyrov]], Russian singer (d. 2007)
* 1989 &ndash; [[Katherine Schwarzenegger]], American author<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lee |first1=Tionah |title=Chris Pratt Celebrates Katherine Schwarzenegger's Birthday With Sweet Post |url=https://www.etonline.com/chris-pratt-celebrates-katherine-schwarzeneggers-birthday-with-sweet-post-176520 |publisher=[[Entertainment Tonight]] |access-date=7 December 2022 |date=13 December 2021}}</ref>
*[[1972]] &ndash; [[Niki Evans]], English singer
* 1989 &ndash; [[Taylor Swift]], American singer-songwriter<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/meaning-cover-taylor-swifts-album-1989/story?id=25028609 |last=Rothman |first=Michael |title=Taylor Swift Explains Meaning Behind Cover of New Album '1989' |publisher=ABC News Network |location=Manhattan |date=18 August 2014 |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Christie Clark]], American actress
*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Fletcher Cox]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Fletcher Cox |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/14941/fletcher-cox |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=7 December 2022}}</ref>
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Sara Cox]], English TV and radio presenter
* 1990 &ndash; [[Joseph Garrett]], English YouTuber, actor, and author<ref>{{cite web |last=Duerden |first=Nick |date=21 November 2015 |title=Stampy Cat: Minecraft vlogger Joseph Garrett is the name on every child's Christmas list |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/stampy-cat-minecraft-vlogger-joseph-garrett-is-the-name-on-every-child-s-christmas-list-a6741096.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220617/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/stampy-cat-minecraft-vlogger-joseph-garrett-is-the-name-on-every-child-s-christmas-list-a6741096.html |archive-date=17 June 2022 |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=[[The Independent]] }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Mohan-Hickson |first=Matt |date=13 June 2020 |title=Who is Stampy Cat? Name, age and Minecraft videos created by YouTube star |work=[[The News (Portsmouth)|The News]] |publisher=[[JPIMedia]] |url=https://www.portsmouth.co.uk/arts-and-culture/film-and-tv/who-stampy-cat-name-age-and-minecraft-videos-created-youtube-star-2883667 |access-date=20 August 2020 |archive-date=20 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820191339/https://www.portsmouth.co.uk/arts-and-culture/film-and-tv/who-stampy-cat-name-age-and-minecraft-videos-created-youtube-star-2883667 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Debbie Matenopoulos]], American television personality and actress
* 1990 &ndash; [[Arantxa Rus]], Dutch tennis player<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arantxa Rus {{!}} Player Stats & More – WTA Official |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/313349/arantxa-rus |access-date=2022-10-17 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Nicholas McCarthy]], English guitarist ([[Franz Ferdinand (band)|Franz Ferdinand]])
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Dave Leduc]], Canadian martial artist<ref>{{cite web|title=Dave Leduc - La Fosse Aux Tigres|url=http://lafosseauxtigres.com/dave-leduc.php|website=[[La Fosse aux Tigres]]|accessdate=18 June 2022}}</ref>
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Bates Battaglia]], American ice hockey player
* 1991 &ndash; [[Vladimir Tarasenko]], Russian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Vladimir Tarasenko |url=https://www.nhl.com/senators/player/vladimir-tarasenko-8475765 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref>
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Tom DeLonge]], American guitarist ([[blink-182]], [[Angels & Airwaves]])
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Danielle Collins]], American tennis player<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/316925/danielle-collins|title=WTAtennis.com Profile: Danielle Collins|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|access-date=16 October 2022}}</ref>
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Matthew LeCroy]], American baseball player
* 1993 &ndash; [[Jamal Fogarty]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/jamal-fogarty/summary.html |title=Jamal Fogarty - Career Stats & Summary |publisher=Rugby League Project |access-date=2017-06-26}}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Josh Fogg]], American baseball player
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[Emma Corrin]], English actor<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barr |first1=Sabrina |title=The Crown star Emma Corrin shares video of Olivia Colman leading cast in happy birthday song |url=https://metro.co.uk/2020/12/13/the-crown-star-emma-corrin-shares-video-of-olivia-colman-leading-cast-in-happy-birthday-song-13745885/ |publisher=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]] |access-date=7 December 2022 |date=13 December 2020}}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Radosław Sobolewski]], Polish footballer
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Gleyber Torres]], Venezuelan baseball player<ref>{{cite web | url=http://baseball-reference.com/players/t/torregl01.shtml | title=Gleyber Torres Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Rookie Status & More }}</ref>
*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Søren Friis]], Danish footballer
*[[1999]] &ndash; [[Marina Bassols Ribera]], Spanish tennis player<ref>{{Cite web |title=Marina Bassols Ribera {{!}} Player Stats & More – WTA Official |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/324128/marina-bassols-ribera |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Sascha Kindred]], British Paralympic swimmer
*[[2000]] &ndash; [[Simona Waltert]], Swiss tennis player<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simona Waltert {{!}} Player Stats & More – WTA Official |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/325771/simona-waltert |access-date=2022-10-17 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Simona Waltert - Player Profile - Tennis |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/tennis/simona-waltert_prs539095/person.shtml |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Eurosport UK |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Peter Stringer]], Irish rugby union footballer
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Jayden Goodwin]], Australian cricketer<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/1202237.html |title=Jayden Goodwin |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=10 November 2021}}</ref>
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Ryo Kawakita]], Japanese guitarist ([[Maximum the Hormone]])
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Brock Bowers]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Brock Bowers Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BoweBr01.htm |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |access-date=December 12, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1978]] &ndash; [[BJ Penn]], American mixed martial artist
<!--Please do not add yourself, non-notable people, fictional characters, or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. If there are multiple people in the same birth year, put them in alphabetical order. Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information.-->
*[[1980]] &ndash; [[Satoshi Tsumabuki]], Japanese actor
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Amy Lee]], American singer/songwriter ([[Evanescence]])
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Anthony Callea]], Australian singer/songwriter
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Ricky Nolasco]], American baseball player
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Tuka Rocha]], Brazilian racing driver
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Freddie Weinke]], American football player
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Dominik Werling]], German footballer
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Matt Deis]], American bassist
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Otylia Jędrzejczak]], Polish swimmer
*[[1985]] &ndash; [[Laurence Leboeuf]], Canadian actress
*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Jonathan B. Wright]], Broadway Theatre Actor
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Rickie Fowler]], American amateur golfer
*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Darcy Blake]], Welsh footballer
*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Taylor Swift]], American singer/songwriter
*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Jay Greenberg]], American composer
*[[2005]] &ndash; [[Prince Aymeric of Belgium]]
*[[2005]] &ndash; [[Prince Nicolas of Belgium]]
<!--
Do not add yourself or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please.
Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information.
Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.
-->


==Deaths==
==Deaths==
===Pre-1600===
*[[1048]] &ndash; [[Al-Biruni]], Persian mathematician (b. 973)
*[[1124]] &ndash; [[Pope Callixtus II]]
* [[558]] &ndash; [[Childebert I]], Frankish king (b. 496)
*[[1126]] &ndash; [[Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria]]
* [[769]] &ndash; [[Du Hongjian]], Chinese politician (b. 709)
* [[838]] &ndash; [[Pepin I of Aquitaine]] (b. 797)
* [[859]] &ndash; [[Angilbert II]], archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Milan]]
*[[1124]] &ndash; [[Pope Callixtus II]] (b. 1065)
*[[1126]] &ndash; [[Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria]] (b. 1075)
*[[1204]] &ndash; [[Maimonides]], Spanish rabbi and philosopher (b. 1135)
*[[1204]] &ndash; [[Maimonides]], Spanish rabbi and philosopher (b. 1135)
*[[1250]] &ndash; [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor]] (b. 1194)
*[[1250]] &ndash; [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor]] (b. 1194)<ref>{{cite web |title=Frederick II {{!}} Biography, Accomplishments, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-II-Holy-Roman-emperor |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=29 September 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[1404]] &ndash; [[Albert, Count of Holland]] (b. 1336)
*[[1272]] &ndash; [[Bertold of Regensburg]], German preacher
*[[1466]] &ndash; [[Donatello]], Florentine artist and sculptor (b. 1386)
*[[1404]] &ndash; [[Albert I, Duke of Bavaria]] (b. 1336)
*[[1516]] &ndash; [[Johannes Trithemius]], German cryptographer (b. 1462)
*[[1466]] &ndash; [[Donatello]], Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1386)
*[[1516]] &ndash; [[Johannes Trithemius]], German cryptographer and historian (b. 1462)
*[[1521]] &ndash; [[Manuel I of Portugal]] (b. 1469)
*[[1521]] &ndash; [[Manuel I of Portugal]] (b. 1469)
*[[1557]] &ndash; [[Niccolo Fontana Tartaglia]], Italian mathematician
*[[1557]] &ndash; [[Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia]], Italian mathematician and engineer (b. 1499)
*[[1565]] &ndash; [[Conrad Gessner]], Swiss naturalist (b. 1516)
*[[1565]] &ndash; [[Conrad Gessner]], Swiss botanist and physician (b. 1516)
===1601–1900===
*[[1603]] &ndash; [[François Viète]], French mathematician (b. 1540)
*[[1621]] &ndash; [[Katarina Stenbock]], Queen of [[Gustav I of Sweden]] (b. 1535)
*[[1621]] &ndash; [[Katarina Stenbock]], queen of [[Gustav I of Sweden]] (b. 1535)
*[[1671]] &ndash; [[Antonio Grassi]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest(b. 1592)
*[[1716]] &ndash; [[Charles de La Fosse]], French painter (b. 1640)
*[[1716]] &ndash; [[Charles de La Fosse]], French painter (b. 1640)
*[[1721]] &ndash; [[Alexander Selkirk]], Scottish sailor and castaway (b. 1676)
*[[1721]] &ndash; [[Alexander Selkirk]], Scottish sailor (b. 1676)
*[[1729]] &ndash; [[Anthony Collins]], English philosopher (b. 1676)
*[[1729]] &ndash; [[Anthony Collins (philosopher)|Anthony Collins]], English philosopher and author (b. 1676)
*[[1754]] &ndash; [[Mahmud I]], [[Ottoman Sultan]] (b. 1696)
*[[1754]] &ndash; [[Mahmud I]], Ottoman sultan (b. 1696)
*[[1769]] &ndash; [[Christian Fürchtegott Gellert]], German poet (b. 1715)
*[[1758]] &ndash; [[Noël Doiron]], Canadian [[Acadia]] leader (b. 1684)
*[[1783]] &ndash; [[Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin]], Swedish astronomer (b. 1717)
*[[1769]] &ndash; [[Christian Fürchtegott Gellert]], German poet and hymn-writer (b. 1715)
*[[1784]] &ndash; [[Samuel Johnson]], English writer and lexicographer (b. 1709)
*[[1783]] &ndash; [[Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin]], Swedish astronomer and demographer (b. 1717)
*[[1814]] &ndash; [[Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne]], Belgian-born Austrian field marshal (b. 1735)
*[[1784]] &ndash; [[Samuel Johnson]], English poet and lexicographer (b. 1709)
*[[1835]] &ndash; [[John Storm]], [[American Revolution]]ary soldier (b. 1760)
*[[1814]] &ndash; [[Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne]], Belgian-Austrian field marshal (b. 1735)
*[[1837]] &ndash; [[Herman of Alaska]], [[Russian Orthodox]] hermit (b. 1756)
*[[1849]] &ndash; [[Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg]], German botanist and entomologist (b. 1766)
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[Christian Friedrich Hebbel]], German writer (b. 1813)
*[[1862]] &ndash; [[Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb]], American general, lawyer, and politician (b. 1823)
*[[1868]] &ndash; [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius]], German botanist (b. 1794)
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[Christian Friedrich Hebbel]], German poet and playwright (b. 1813)
*[[1881]] &ndash; [[August Senoa]], Croatian writer (b. 1838)
*[[1868]] &ndash; [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius]], German botanist and explorer (b. 1794)
*[[1881]] &ndash; [[August Šenoa]], Croatian author and poet (b. 1838)
*[[1883]] &ndash; [[Victor de Laprade]], French poet and critic (b. 1812)
*[[1883]] &ndash; [[Victor de Laprade]], French poet and critic (b. 1812)
*[[1895]] &ndash; [[Ányos Jedlik]], Hungarian physicist (b. 1800)
*[[1893]] &ndash; [[Georg August Rudolph]], German lawyer and politician, 3rd [[Mayor of Marburg]] (b. 1816)
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Woldemar Voigt]], German physicist (b. 1850)
*[[1895]] &ndash; [[Ányos Jedlik]], Hungarian physicist and engineer (b. 1800)
===1901–present===
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Hannes Hafstein]], Icelandic politician and poet (b. 1861)
*[[1924]] &ndash; [[Samuel Gompers]], American labor and political leader, founder of [[American Federation of Labor|AFL]] (b. 1850)
*[[1908]] &ndash; [[Augustus Le Plongeon]], French photographer and historian (b. 1825)
*[[1911]] &ndash; [[Reggie Duff]], Australian cricketer (b. 1878)<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/australia/content/player/4985.html Reggie Duff]. ESPNcricinfo. Retrieved 2018-05-05.</ref>
*[[1930]] &ndash; [[Fritz Pregl]], Slovenian/Austrian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel laureate]] (b. 1869)
*[[1931]] &ndash; [[Gustave le Bon]], French psychologist (b. 1840)
*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Woldemar Voigt]], German physicist and academic (b. 1850)
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Georgios Jakobides]], Greek painter (b. 1853)
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Arthur Wesley Dow]], American painter and photographer (b. 1857)
*[[1934]] &ndash; [[Thomas A. Watson]], American assistant to [[Alexander Graham Bell]] (b. 1854)
* 1922 &ndash; [[Hannes Hafstein]], Icelandic poet and politician, 1st [[Prime Minister of Iceland]] (b. 1861)
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Victor Grignard]], French chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel laureate]] (b. 1871)
*[[1924]] &ndash; [[Samuel Gompers]], English-born American labor leader, founded the [[American Federation of Labor]] (b. 1850)
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval]], French physicist (b. 1851)
*[[1927]] &ndash; [[Mehmet Nadir]], Turkish mathematician and academic (b. 1856)
*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Rosina Heikel]], Finnish [[physician]] (b. 1842)<ref>{{cite book|first=Arvid|last=Bernce|title=Efter 1809 en Krönika i ord och bild om Finlandssvenskarna|location=Helsingfors|publisher=Bernces förlag|year=1981|page=2003|isbn=978-9-15000-408-3|language=SV}}</ref>
* 1940 &ndash; [[George Regas]], Greek actor (b. 1890)
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Wlodimir Ledochowski]], Polish-Austrian director of the [[Society of Jesus]] (b. 1866)
*[[1930]] &ndash; [[Fritz Pregl]], Slovenian-Austrian chemist and physician, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1869)
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Wassily Kandinsky]], Russian-born French artist (b. 1866)
*[[1931]] &ndash; [[Gustave Le Bon]], French psychologist, sociologist, and anthropologist (b. 1840)
* 1944 &ndash; [[Lupe Vélez]], Mexican actress (b. 1908)
*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Georgios Jakobides]], Greek painter and sculptor (b. 1853)
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Irma Grese]], Nazi war criminal (b. 1923)
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[Victor Grignard]], French chemist and academic, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1871)
*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Wlodimir Ledóchowski]], Austrian-Polish religious leader, 26th [[Superior-General of the Society of Jesus]] (b. 1866)
* 1945 &ndash; [[Josef Kramer]], commandant of Bergen Belsen concentration camp (b. 1906)
* 1945 &ndash; [[Elisabeth Volkenrath]], supervisor at concentration camps (b. 1919)
* 1942 &ndash; [[Robert Robinson Taylor]], American architect (b. 1868)
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Nicholas Roerich]], Russian-born painter (b. 1874)
*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Wassily Kandinsky]], Russian-French painter and theorist (b. 1866)
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Abraham Wald]], Hungarian mathematician (b. 1902)
*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Irma Grese]], German [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camp]] guard (b. 1923)
* 1945 &ndash; [[Josef Kramer]], German [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camp]] commandant (b. 1906)
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[John Raymond Hubbell]], American writer (b. 1879)
* 1945 &ndash; [[Elisabeth Volkenrath]], Polish-German [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camp]] supervisor (b. 1919)
*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Egas Moniz]], Portuguese psychiatrist and neurosurgeon, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel laureate]] (b. 1874)
*[[1958]] &ndash; [[Tim Moore (comedian)|Tim Moore]], American actor (b. 1887)
*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Henry James (biographer)|Henry James]], American lawyer and author (b. 1879)
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Dora Marsden]], British editor, writer (b. 1882)
* 1947 &ndash; [[Nicholas Roerich]], Russian archaeologist, painter, and philosopher (b. 1874)
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Abraham Wald]], Hungarian mathematician and academic (b. 1902)
*[[1954]] &ndash; [[John Raymond Hubbell]], American director and composer (b. 1879)
*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Egas Moniz]], Portuguese psychiatrist and neurosurgeon, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1874)
*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Dora Marsden]], English author and activist (b. 1882)<ref>{{cite book|first=Les|last=Garner|title=A Brave and Beautiful Spirit: Dora Marsden, 1882-1960|location=Aldershot|publisher=Avebury|year=1990|isbn=978-0-56600-914-3|oclc=924736140|page=2}}</ref>
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Grandma Moses]], American painter (b. 1860)
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Grandma Moses]], American painter (b. 1860)
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Harry Barris]], American popular singer (b. 1905)
*[[1962]] &ndash; [[Harry Barris]], American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1905)
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Raymond A. Spruance]], American admiral (b. 1886)
*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Raymond A. Spruance]], American admiral and diplomat, [[United States Ambassador to the Philippines]] (b. 1886)
* 1969 &ndash; [[Spencer Williams (actor)|Spencer Williams, Jr.]], American actor (b. 1893)
*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Henry Green]], English author (b. 1905)
*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Henry Green]], English author (b. 1905)
*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Jon Hall]], American actor (b. 1915)
*[[1974]] &ndash; [[Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoglu]], Egyptian-Turkish journalist, author, and politician (b. 1889)
*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Pigmeat Markham]], American entertainer (b. 1904)
*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Cyril Delevanti]], English-American actor (b. 1889)
*1975 &ndash; [[Addie Viola Smith]], American lawyer and trade commissioner (b. 1893)<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Addie Viola Smith (1893–1975) |encyclopedia=[[Australian Dictionary of Biography]] |publisher=National Centre of Biography, [[Australian National University]] |location=Canberra |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/smith-addie-viola-11717 |url-status=live |access-date=April 14, 2024 |last=Barker |first=Heather |date=2006 |orig-date=2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222081431/https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/smith-addie-viola-11717 |archive-date=February 22, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Ramkumar RV]], Best Abstractor in the world
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Alexander Schmemann]], Orthodox Christian priest and theologian (b. 1921)
*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Oguz Atay]], Turkish engineer and author (b. 1934)
* 1983 &ndash; [[Nichita Stanescu]], Romanian poet (b. 1933)
*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Jon Hall (actor)|Jon Hall]], American actor and director (b. 1915)
*[[1992]] &ndash; [[K.C. Irving]], Canadian industrialist (b. 1899)
* 1979 &ndash; [[Behçet Necatigil]], Turkish author, poet and translator (b. 1916)
* 1992 &ndash; [[Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney]], American businessman and heir (b. 1899)
*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Alexander Schmemann]], Estonian-American priest and theologian (b. 1921)
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Vanessa Duriès]], French novelist (b. 1972)
* 1983 &ndash; [[Nichita Stănescu]], Romanian poet and critic (b. 1933)
*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Norman Beaton]], Guyanese actor (b. 1934)
*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Heather Angel (actress)|Heather Angel]], British-American actress (b. 1909)
*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Chuck Schuldiner]], American musician ([[Death (band)|Death]]) (b. 1967)
* 1986 &ndash; [[Ella Baker]], American activist (b. 1903)
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Zal Yanovsky]], Canadian musician ([[The Lovin' Spoonful]]) (b. 1945)
* 1986 &ndash; [[Smita Patil]], Indian actress and journalist (b. 1955)
*[[2003]] &ndash; [[William V. Roth, Jr.]], U.S. Senator (b. 1921)
*[[1992]] &ndash; [[K. C. Irving]], Canadian businessman (b. 1899)
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[Andre Rodgers]], Bahamian baseball player (b. 1934)
* 1992 &ndash; [[Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney]], American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1899)
* 2004 &ndash; [[David Wheeler (computer scientist)|David Wheeler]], English computer scientist (b. 1927)
*[[1993]] &ndash; [[Vanessa Duriès]], French author (b. 1972)
*[[2005]] &ndash; [[Timothy Jordan II]], American musician ([[The All American Rejects]], [[Jonezetta]]) (b. 1981)
*[[1995]] &ndash; [[Ann Nolan Clark]], American author and educator (b. 1896)
* 2005 &ndash; [[Stanley Williams|Stanley Tookie Williams]], co-founder of the [[Crips]] and convicted murderer (b. 1953)
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Edward Blishen]], English author and educator (b. 1920)
*[[1997]] &ndash; [[Don E. Fehrenbacher]], American historian, author, and academic (b. 1920)

*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Lamar Hunt]], American sports executive (b. 1932)
*[[1998]] &ndash; [[Lew Grade]], Ukrainian-born British impresario and media proprietor (b. 1906)
*[[2007]] &ndash; [[Floyd Red Crow Westerman]], American actor (b. 1936)
* 1998 &ndash; [[Richard Thomas (Royal Navy officer)|Richard Thomas]], Royal Naval Officer (b. 1922)
*[[2007]] &ndash; [[Mark Partridge]], Rhodesian politician (b. 1922)
* 1998 &ndash; [[Wade Watts]], civil rights activist (b. 1919)
*[[2002]] &ndash; [[Zal Yanovsky]], Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist who founded [[The Lovin' Spoonful]] (b. 1944)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/spoonfuls-zal-yanovsky-dies-235380/ |last=Schinder |first=Scott |title=Spoonful's Zal Yanovsky Dies |magazine=Rolling Stone |publisher=Penske Business Media |location=Los Angeles |date=16 December 2002 |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[2008]] &ndash; [[John Drake (rugby union)|John Drake]], New Zealand rugby union footballer (b. 1959)
*[[2004]] &ndash; [[David Wheeler (British computer scientist)|David Wheeler]], English computer scientist and academic (b. 1927)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://history.computer.org/pioneers/wheeler.html |last=Lee |first=J. A. N. |title=David J. Wheeler |series=Computer Pioneers |publisher=Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. (IEEE) |location=New York City |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[2005]] &ndash; [[Alan Shields]], American painter and ferryboat captain (b. 1944) <ref>{{cite book |last1= Brienza|first1= Jill|last2= Halbreich|first2= Kathy|last3= Ratcliff|first3= Carter|last4= Shields|first4= Jason|last5= Weselk|first5= Victoria|last6= Zuckerman|first6= Heidi|author-link= |date= 2016 |title= Alan Shields Protracted Simplicity|url= |location= Aspen, CO|publisher= Aspen Art Press|page= |isbn=978-0-934324-74-8}} </ref>
*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Lamar Hunt]], American businessman, co-founded the [[American Football League]] and [[World Championship Tennis]] (b. 1932)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/news/story?id=2697040 |title=Lamar Hunt, Chiefs owner and sports legend, dies at 74 |work=ESPN NFL |publisher=ESPN Sports Media Inc. |location=New York City |date=14 December 2006 |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[2016]] &ndash; [[Alan Thicke]], Canadian actor, songwriter, game and talk-show host (b. 1947)<ref>{{cite web| last= Skinner| first= Curtis| title=Actor Alan Thicke, dad on ''Growing Pains'', dead at 69|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-alanthicke-idUSKBN14306R |work=[[Reuters]]|location=San Francisco|access-date=24 September 2021|date=13 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204000534/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-alanthicke-idUSKBN14306R|archive-date=4 February 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[2018]] &ndash; [[Noah Klieger]], [[The Holocaust|Holocaust]] survivor who became an award-winning Israeli [[journalist]] (b. 1926)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-5425424,00.html |last=Boker |first=Ran |title=Holocaust survivor and writer Noah Klieger dies at 93 |work=Ynet News |publisher=Yedioth Internet |location=Tel Aviv |date=13 December 2018 |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>
*[[2022]] &ndash; [[Stephen "tWitch" Boss]], American dancer and media personality (b. 1982)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stephen 'tWitch' Boss, Former Ellen DeGeneres Show DJ and SYTYCD All-Star, Dead at 40 |url=https://people.com/tv/stephen-twitch-boss-dead-at-40/ |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=Peoplemag |language=en}}</ref>
*[[2024]] – [[Lorraine O'Grady]], American artist (b. 1934)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Greenberger |first=Alex |date=December 13, 2024 |title=Lorraine O’Grady, Conceptual Artist Who Advocated for Black Women’s Perspectives, Dies at 90 |url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/lorraine-ogrady-artist-dead-1234727149/ |access-date=December 15, 2024 |website=[[ARTnews]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
<!--Please do not add non-notable people, fictional characters, or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. If there are multiple people in the same birth year, put them in alphabetical order. Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information.-->


==Holidays and observances==
==Holidays and observances==
[[File:Niccolò di Segna - Saint Lucy - Walters 37756.jpg|thumb|175px|13 December is the feast day of [[Saint Lucy|St Lucy]]]]
*[[Roman festivals]] &ndash; [[Terra (mythology)|Tellus]] was worshipped in the district ''Carinae'' at the [[Esquiline Hill]], and a ''lectisternium'' or table was spread for Ceres.
{{further|December 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)}}
*[[Calendar of Saints|R.C. Saints]] &ndash; memorial of [[Saint Lucy]]

*[[Saint Lucy's Day]] in [[Sweden]], [[Norway]], [[Denmark]], [[Finland]] and some regions of [[Italy]], mainly [[Sicily]], [[Veneto]] and [[Trentino]].
* Christian [[feast day]]:
* In the [[Julian calendar]] before the Gregorian reform, this was the [[shortest day]] and longest night, and widely celebrated as such.
** [[Antiochus of Sulcis|St Antiochus of Sulcis]]
*[[Malta]] &ndash; [[Republic Day]] (since 1974)
** [[Judoc|St Judoc ''aka'' St Joyce]]
*[[Saint Lucia]] &ndash; [[National Day]]
** [[Saint Lucy|St Lucy]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/CalendariumRomanum1969/page/n137/mode/2up |title=Calendarium Romanum |publisher=Libreria Editrice Vaticana |location=Vatican City |year=1969 |page=139 |isbn=978-15-68549-91-0}}</ref>
** [[Odile of Alsace|St Odile of Alsace]]
* [[Acadian Remembrance Day]] ([[Acadians]])
* [[National Day (Saint Lucia)]]
* [[Public holidays in Poland|Martial Law Victims Remembrance Day]] ([[Poland]])
* [[Nanking Massacre Memorial Day]] ([[China]])
* [[Public holidays in Indonesia|Nusantara Day]] ([[Indonesia]])
* [[Republic Day (Malta)|Republic Day]] ([[Malta]])
* [[Armed Forces Day#Brazil|Sailor's Day]] ([[Brazil]])
* [[Saint Lucia Day]] (mainly in [[Scandinavia]])<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/st-lucias-day |title=St Lucia's Day |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=Edinburgh |access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 276: Line 307:
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/13 BBC: On This Day]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/13 BBC: On This Day]
* {{NYT On this day|month=12|day=13}}
* {{NYT On this day|month=12|day=13}}
* [https://www.onthisday.com/events/december/13 Historical Events on December 13]
* [http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Dec&day=13 On This Day in Canada]

----
{{months}}
{{months}}


[[Category:Days of the year]]
[[Category:Days of the year]]
[[Category:December]]
[[Category:December]]

[[af:13 Desember]]
[[ar:13 ديسمبر]]
[[an:13 d'abiento]]
[[frp:13 dècembro]]
[[ast:13 d'avientu]]
[[az:13 dekabr]]
[[bn:ডিসেম্বর ১৩]]
[[zh-min-nan:12 goe̍h 13 ji̍t]]
[[be:13 снежня]]
[[be-x-old:13 сьнежня]]
[[bs:13. decembar]]
[[br:13 Kerzu]]
[[bg:13 декември]]
[[ca:13 de desembre]]
[[cv:Раштав, 13]]
[[ceb:Disyembre 13]]
[[cs:13. prosinec]]
[[co:13 di decembre]]
[[cy:13 Rhagfyr]]
[[da:13. december]]
[[de:13. Dezember]]
[[et:13. detsember]]
[[el:13 Δεκεμβρίου]]
[[es:13 de diciembre]]
[[eo:13-a de decembro]]
[[eu:Abenduaren 13]]
[[fa:۱۳ دسامبر]]
[[hif:13 December]]
[[fo:13. desember]]
[[fr:13 décembre]]
[[fy:13 desimber]]
[[fur:13 di Dicembar]]
[[ga:13 Nollaig]]
[[gv:13 Mee ny Nollick]]
[[gd:13 an Dùbhlachd]]
[[gl:13 de decembro]]
[[gan:12月13號]]
[[ko:12월 13일]]
[[hy:Դեկտեմբերի 13]]
[[hi:१३ दिसंबर]]
[[hr:13. prosinca]]
[[io:13 di decembro]]
[[bpy:ডিসেম্বর ১৩]]
[[id:13 Desember]]
[[ia:13 de decembre]]
[[is:13. desember]]
[[it:13 dicembre]]
[[he:13 בדצמבר]]
[[jv:13 Desember]]
[[kn:ಡಿಸೆಂಬರ್ ೧೩]]
[[pam:Disiembri 13]]
[[ka:13 დეკემბერი]]
[[csb:13 gòdnika]]
[[kk:Желтоқсанның 13]]
[[sw:13 Desemba]]
[[ht:13 desanm]]
[[ku:13'ê berfanbarê]]
[[la:13 Decembris]]
[[lv:13. decembris]]
[[lb:13. Dezember]]
[[lt:Gruodžio 13]]
[[lmo:13 12]]
[[hu:December 13.]]
[[mk:13 декември]]
[[ml:ഡിസംബര്‍ 13]]
[[mr:डिसेंबर १३]]
[[arz:13 ديسمبر]]
[[ms:13 Disember]]
[[nah:Tlamahtlācōnti 13]]
[[nl:13 december]]
[[nds-nl:13 december]]
[[ja:12月13日]]
[[nap:13 'e dicembre]]
[[no:13. desember]]
[[nn:13. desember]]
[[nrm:13 Dézembre]]
[[nov:13 de desembre]]
[[oc:13 de decembre]]
[[uz:13-dekabr]]
[[pag:December 13]]
[[nds:13. Dezember]]
[[pl:13 grudnia]]
[[pt:13 de dezembro]]
[[ksh:13. Dezemmber]]
[[ro:13 decembrie]]
[[ru:13 декабря]]
[[sah:Ахсынньы 13]]
[[se:Juovlamánu 13.]]
[[sco:13 December]]
[[sq:13 Dhjetor]]
[[scn:13 di dicèmmiru]]
[[simple:December 13]]
[[sk:13. december]]
[[sl:13. december]]
[[sr:13. децембар]]
[[sh:13.12.]]
[[su:13 Désémber]]
[[fi:13. joulukuuta]]
[[sv:13 december]]
[[tl:Disyembre 13]]
[[ta:டிசம்பர் 13]]
[[tt:13. Dekäber]]
[[te:డిసెంబర్ 13]]
[[th:13 ธันวาคม]]
[[tr:13 Aralık]]
[[tk:13 dekabr]]
[[uk:13 грудня]]
[[vec:13 de diçenbre]]
[[vi:13 tháng 12]]
[[vo:Dekul 13]]
[[fiu-vro:13. joulukuu päiv]]
[[wa:13 di decimbe]]
[[vls:13 december]]
[[war:Disyembre 13]]
[[wuu:12月13号]]
[[yo:13 December]]
[[zh-yue:12月13號]]
[[bat-smg:Groudė 13]]
[[zh:12月13日]]

Latest revision as of 07:30, 16 December 2024

<< December >>
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2024
December 13 in recent years
  2024 (Friday)
  2023 (Wednesday)
  2022 (Tuesday)
  2021 (Monday)
  2020 (Sunday)
  2019 (Friday)
  2018 (Thursday)
  2017 (Wednesday)
  2016 (Tuesday)
  2015 (Sunday)

December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 18 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

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Pre-1600

[edit]

1601–1900

[edit]

1901–present

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Births

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Pre-1600

[edit]

1601–1900

[edit]

1901–present

[edit]

Deaths

[edit]

Pre-1600

[edit]

1601–1900

[edit]

1901–present

[edit]

Holidays and observances

[edit]
13 December is the feast day of St Lucy
Further information: December 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

References

[edit]
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