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Coordinates: 53°55′N 30°21′E / 53.917°N 30.350°E / 53.917; 30.350
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{{Short description|City in Mogilev Region, Belarus}}
{{redirect3|Mogilev|For the city in Ukraine, see [[Mohyliv-Podilskyi]]}}
{{about|the city in Belarus|the city in Ukraine|Mohyliv-Podilskyi}}

{{Infobox settlement
{{coord|53|54|N|30|20|E|type:city_region:BY|display=title}}
| name = Mogilev

| native_name = {{lang|be|Магілёў}} • {{lang|ru|Могилёв}}
{{Infobox Settlement
| other_name = Mahilyow
|official_name = <big>Магілёў</big> <br/><br/>''Могилёв''</br/><br/>''Mahilyow''<br/>
| translit_lang1 = [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]
|native_name
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[BGN/PCGN romanization of Belarusian|BGN/PCGN]]
|image_skyline = City Hall of Mаhiloŭ.JPG
| translit_lang1_info1 = Mahilyow
|imagesize =
| translit_lang1_type2 = [[Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script|Official]]
|image_flag =
| translit_lang1_info2 = Mahiliow
|image_seal = Coat of Arms of Mahiloŭ, Belarus.png
| translit_lang1_type3 = [[Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic|Scholarly]]
|image_map =
| translit_lang1_info3 = Mahilëŭ
|map_caption = Location of Mahilyow, shown within the [[Mahilyow Voblast]]
| translit_lang1_type4 = [[ALA-LC romanization|ALA-LC]]
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]<br/>[[Subdivisions of Belarus|Subdivision]]
| translit_lang1_info4 = Mahili͡oŭ
|subdivision_name = [[Belarus]]<br/>[[Mahilyow Voblast]]
| translit_lang1_type5 = British<ref>British Standard 2979 : 1958, London: British Standards Institution.</ref>
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| translit_lang1_info5 = Mahilëw
|leader_name = [[Viktor Shorikov]]
| translit_lang1_type6 = [[Łacinka]]
|established_title = Founded
| translit_lang1_info6 = Mahiloŭ
|established_date = 1267
| settlement_type = [[List of cities and largest towns in Belarus|City]]
|area_magnitude =
| image_skyline = Mahilioŭ Montage (2017).jpg
|area_total_km2 =
|area_land_km2 =
| imagesize =
| image_caption =
|area_water_km2 =
| image_flag = Flag of Mahiloŭ.svg
|population_as_of = 2004
| image_shield = Coat of Arms of Mahiloŭ, Belarus.svg
|population_note =
|population_total = 365102
| flag_size = 150
|population_metro =
| shield_size = 75
| image_map =
|population_density_km2 =
| map_caption = Location of Mogilev, shown within [[Mogilev Region]]
|timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset = +2
| pushpin_map = Belarus
| subdivision_type = Country
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| subdivision_name = [[Belarus]]
|utc_offset_DST = +3
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Belarus|Region]]
|latd=53|latm=55|latNS=N
| subdivision_name1 = [[Mogilev Region]]
|longd=30|longm=21|longEW=E
|elevation_m =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = {{ill|Alyaksandr Studnew|be|Аляксандр Віктаравіч Студнеў|ru|Студнев, Александр Викторович}}
|postal_code = 212000
| established_title = Founded
|area_code =
| established_date = 1267
|blank_name = License plate
|blank_info = 6
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 118.50
|website = http://www.city.mogilev.by
|footnotes =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| population_as_of = 2024
| population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402055418/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|archive-date=2 April 2024|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>
| population_note =
| population_total = 353,110
| population_metro =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = [[Moscow Time|MSK]]
| utc_offset = +3
| coordinates = {{coord|53|55|N|30|21|E|region:BY|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m = 192
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 212 001
| area_code = +375 222
| blank_name = License plate
| blank_info = 6
| website = [http://mogilev.gov.by/ City's executive committee's official website]
| footnotes =
}}
}}
[[Image:MohylewNO.jpg|thumb|250px|Drawing by [[Napoleon Orda]], 1877]]


'''Mogilev''' ({{IPAc-en|US|m|ə|ɡ|ɪ|l|ˈ|j|ɔ:|f}}),<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mogilev | title=Definition of MOGILEV }}</ref> also transliterated as '''Mahilyow'''<!--See WP:BELARUSIANNAMES-->{{efn|[[BGN/PCGN romanization of Belarusian]]}} ({{langx|be|Магілёў|Mahiliow}},{{efn|[[Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script|Official transliteration (2023)]]}} {{IPA-be|maɣʲiˈlʲou̯|IPA}};<ref>Назвы населеных пунктаў Рэспублікі Беларусь: Магілёўская вобласць: нарматыўны даведнік / І. А. Гапоненка і інш.; пад рэд. {{ill|Valyantsina Lyemuyuhova|be|Валянціна Пятроўна Лемцюгова|lt=В. П. Лемуюгова}}. — Мн.: Тэхналогія, 2007. — 406 с. — {{ISBN|978-985-458-159-0}}. ([http://files.knihi.com/Knihi/Slounik/NNP.djvu.zip/NNP.Mahilouskaja.djvu DJVU]) {{in lang|be}}</ref> {{langx|ru|Могилёв|Mogilyov}}, {{IPA|ru|məɡʲɪˈlʲɵf|IPA}}; {{IPA-yi|mɔˈgilɛv|IPA}}), is a city in eastern [[Belarus]]. It is located on the [[Dnieper|Dnieper River]], about {{convert|76|km|0|abbr=off}} from the [[Belarus–Russia border|border]] with [[Russia]]'s [[Smolensk Oblast]] and {{convert|105|km|0|abbr=in}} from [[Bryansk Oblast]]. As of 2024, it has a population of 353,110.<ref name="pop"/> In 2011, its population was 360,918,<ref name="belstat2011">{{Cite journal|url=http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/publications/2011/bul_population.rar|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2011 года и среднегодовая численность населения за 2010 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|last=Ярковец|first=А.И.|year=2011|format=PDF|publisher=Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь|journal=Статистический бюллетень|page=21|language=ru|access-date=2012-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209082642/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/publications/population/2011/bul_population.rar|archive-date=2012-02-09|url-status=dead}}</ref> up from an estimated 106,000 in 1956. It serves as the administrative centre of [[Mogilev Region]],<ref name="pop"/> and is the [[List of cities and largest towns in Belarus|third-largest city]] in Belarus.{{historical populations|1897|43119|1923|41622|1926|46562|1939|99428|1959|121712|1970|202314|1979|290361|1989|359188|1999|356500|2009|358279|2019|356821|align=right|cols=1|source=pop-stat.mashke.org<ref>{{cite web|title=Cities & Towns of Belarus|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/belarus-cities.htm|date=2024-04-15}}</ref>}}
'''Mahilyow''' (also transliterated '''Mahiloŭ''', '''Mogilyov''', '''Mogilev'''; {{lang-be|Магілёў}}, {{IPA2|maɣiˈlʲou̯|pron}}; {{lang-ru|Могилёв}}, {{IPA-ru|məɡiˈlʲof|}}) is a city in eastern [[Belarus]], about 76&nbsp;km from the border with [[Russia]]'s [[Smolensk Oblast]] and 105&nbsp;km from the border with Russia's [[Bryansk Oblast]]. It has more than 367,788 inhabitants (2007 estimate).<ref>[http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&geo=-43&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=&geo=-827/ ''Mahiljow'' &ndash; Stefan Helders www.world-gazetteer.com].Retrieved on 2007-08-10.</ref> It is the centre of [[Mahilyow voblast]] and the third largest city in Belarus.


== History ==
== History ==
{{stack|[[File:Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia e11 151-0.jpg|thumb|[[Mogilev Governorate]] in ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia|Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia]]'', 1906-1913]]|[[File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-138-1091-06A,_Russland,_Mogilew,_jüdische_Frauen_auf_Dorfstraße.jpg|thumb|[[Wehrmacht Propaganda Troops|Wehrmacht propaganda]] photograph of Jewish women in Mogilev, July 1941; Mogilev Jews were murdered by Nazi [[Police Battalion 322]] in October.<ref>{{cite book
The city was founded in 1267. Since 14th century a part of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]], after the [[Union of Lublin]] and creation of the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]], it was transferred to [[Crown of the Polish Kingdom|The Crown]] as ''Mohylew'' or ''Mogilew''. The city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east-west and north-south trading routes. In 1577 king [[Stefan Batory]] granted it with [[Magdeburg law|city rights]]. After the [[Partitions of Poland|First Partition of Poland]] it came into the hands of [[Imperial Russia]] and was the centre of the [[Mogilev guberniya]]. In years 1915-1917, during [[World War I]], the [[Stavka]], the headquarters of the [[Russian Imperial Army]] functioned in the city and the Tsar, [[Nicholas II]], spent long periods here as Commander-in-Chief. In 1918 occupied by [[Germany]] and transferred to the short-lived [[Belarusian People's Republic]]. In 1919 captured by the forces of [[Bolshevist Russia]] and incorporated into [[Byelorussian SSR]]. Up to the [[Second World War]] and the [[Holocaust]], like many other cities in Europe, Mogilev had a significant Jewish population: according to [[Russian census of 1897]], out of the total population of 41,100, Jews constituted 21,500 (so around 50% percent).<ref>Joshua D. Zimmerman, ''Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality'', Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, ISBN 0299194647, [http://books.google.com/books?id=6sbr9cZyw_4C&pg=PA16&dq=population+Brest+Poles+Jews&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=HS_3SZ2-NITyzQSUtaWtBQ Google Print, p.16]</ref> Between 1941 and 1944 the city was under German occupation. During that period, the Jews of Mogilev were ghetto-ized and systematically liquidated<ref>[http://www.jhrgbelarus.org/AboutBelarus_articles.php]</ref>. Since [[Belarus]] gaining its independence in 1991 Mahilyow remains one of its principal cities.
|last1=Breitman
|first1=Richard
|author-link1=Richard Breitman
|title=Official Secrets: What the Nazis Planned, What the British and Americans Knew''. New York:, 1998
|publisher=Hill and Wang/Farrar Straus & Giroux
|location=New York
|year=1998
|isbn=9780809001842
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g9g5M2Nf1DgC&q=%22police+regiment+center%22&pg=PA46
|page=66}}</ref>]]}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-138-1091-29A, Russland, Mogilew, Ansicht.jpg|thumb|Mogilev in July 1941]]

The city was first mentioned in historical records in 1267. From the 14th century, it was part of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]], and since the [[Union of Lublin]] (1569), part of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]], where it became known as ''Mohylew''. In the 16th-17th centuries, the city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east–west and north–south trading routes.

In 1577, Polish King [[Stefan Batory]] granted it [[Magdeburg law|city rights under Magdeburg law]]. In 1654, during the [[Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)]], the townsmen negotiated a treaty of surrender to the Russians peacefully, if the Jews were to be expelled and their property divided up among Mogilev's inhabitants. [[Alexis of Russia|Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovitch]] agreed. However, instead of expelling the Jews, the Russian troops massacred them after they had led them to the outskirts of the town.<ref>Russia's First Modern Jews, NYU Press 1995, David Fishman, p.2</ref> During this war, the city was besieged twice by the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuanian army]]: [[Siege of Mogilev (1655)|in 1655]], and [[Siege of Mogilev (1660)|in 1660]]. In 1661, {{ill|Mogilev uprising (1661)|lt=local residents started an uprising against the Russian imperial rule|ru|Могилёвское восстание (1661)}}. The city was set afire by [[Peter the Great]]'s forces in 1708, during the [[Great Northern War]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Катлярчук |first=Андрэй |date=2007 |title=Швэды ў гісторыі й культуры беларусаў |publisher=Ėntsyklapedyks |url=http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:860434/FULLTEXT01.pdf |isbn=978-9856599586 |language=belarusian}}</ref> After the [[Partitions of Poland|First Partition of Poland]] in 1772, Mogilev became part of the [[Russian Empire]] and became the centre of the [[Mogilev Governorate]]. In 1938 it was decided Mogilev was to become the capital of Belarus because Minsk was too close to the then-Polish-Soviet border.

In the years 1915–1917, during [[World War I]], the [[Stavka]], the headquarters of the [[Russian Imperial Army]], was based in the city <ref>Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, first issue vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, {{ISBN|978-80-87173-47-3}}, pages 36 - 39, 41 - 42, 111-112, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–199.</ref> and the Tsar, [[Nicholas II]], spent long periods there as Commander-in-Chief.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.belarus.by/en/press-center/press-release/mogilev-invites-tourists-to-take-a-stroll-with-emperor-nicholas-ii_i_0000051069.html |title=Mogilev invites tourists to take a stroll with Emperor Nicholas II |publisher=Official website of Belarus}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Massie |first1=Robert |title=Nicholas and Alexandria |date=1967 |publisher=Ballantine Books |location=New York |isbn=9780345438317 |pages=300}}</ref>

Following the [[Russian Revolution]], in 1918, the city was briefly occupied by [[Germany]] and placed under their short-lived [[Belarusian People's Republic]]. In 1919, Mogilev was captured by the forces of [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Soviet Russia]] and incorporated into the [[Byelorussian SSR]]. Up to [[World War II]] and the [[Holocaust]], like many other cities in Europe, Mogilev had a significant [[Jewish diaspora|Jewish]] population: according to the [[Russian census of 1897]], out of the total population of 41,100, 21,500 were Jews (i.e. over 50 percent).<ref>Joshua D. Zimmerman, ''Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality'', Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, {{ISBN|0-299-19464-7}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6sbr9cZyw_4C&dq=population+Brest+Poles+Jews&pg=PA16 Google Print, p.16]</ref> In 1938 the leadership of Soviet Belarus decided to move the capital of the country from Minsk to Mogilev. Due to that, the now-[[:ru:Дом Советов (Могилёв)|Mogilev City Council building]] was built in 1938–1940 with the aim of being the government building. It was designed to resemble the [[Government House, Minsk|Minsk Government building]].

During [[Operation Barbarossa]], the city was conquered by [[Wehrmacht]] forces on 26 July 1941 and remained under [[Nazi Germany|German]] occupation until 28 June 1944.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/nazioccupation/mogilev.html |title=Mogilev The fate of the Jews under the German Invasion & Occupation |publisher=Holocaustresearchproject.org |access-date=2014-08-09}}</ref> Mogilev became the official residence of [[SS and police leader|High SS and police leader]] (HSSPF) [[Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski|Erich von dem Bach]]. During that period, the Jews of Mogilev were [[Mogilev Ghetto|ghettoized]] and systematically murdered by ''[[Ordnungspolizei]]'' and [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] personnel.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jhrgbelarus.org/AboutBelarus_articles.php |title=Jewish Heritage Research Group in Belarus |publisher=Jhrgbelarus.org |access-date=2014-08-09 |archive-date=2018-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002103123/http://www.jhrgbelarus.org/AboutBelarus_articles.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Heinrich Himmler]] personally witnessed the executions of 279 Jews on 23 October 1941. Later that month, a number of mentally disabled patients were poisoned with car exhaust fumes as an experiment; the method of killing was thereafter applied in several Nazi [[extermination camp]]s. Initial plans for establishing a death camp in Mogilev were abandoned in favour of [[Maly Trostenets extermination camp|Maly Trostenets]].

In 1944, with the [[Mogilev offensive]], the devastated city was liberated by the [[Red Army]] and returned to Soviet control. Mogilev then was the site of a labour camp for [[German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union|German POW soldiers]].

Since [[Belarus]] gained its independence in 1991, Mogilev has remained one of its principal cities.

== Religion ==
Mohilev was the [[episcopal see]] of the Latin [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mohilev|Catholic Archdiocese of Mohilev]] until its 1991 merger into the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Minsk-Mohilev]].

It remains the see of the [[Eparchy]] (Eastern diocese) of Mogilev and [[Mstsislaw]] in the [[Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church]].
{{Further|St. Nicholas Monastery Complex}}


== Economy ==
== Economy ==
Mahilyow is one of the main economical and industrial centres of Belarus. After World War II a huge metallurgy centre with several major steel mills was built. Also, there were several major factories of [[crane (machine)|crane]]s, [[car]]s, [[tractor]]s and a chemical plant. The city is home to a major inland port at the [[Dnieper]] river and a domestic airport.
After [[World War II]], a huge [[metallurgy]] centre with several major steel mills was built. Also, several major factories of [[crane (machine)|crane]]s, [[car]]s, [[tractor]]s and a chemical plant were established. By the 1950s, tanning was Mogilev's principal industry, and it was a major trading centre for cereal, leather, salt, sugar, fish, timber and flint: the city has been home to a major inland port on the [[Dnieper]] river since and an [[Mahilyow Airport|airport]] since. Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the establishment of Belarus as an independent country, Mogilev has become one of that country's main economic and industrial centres.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.belarus.by/en/about-belarus/geography/mogilev-region|publisher=Govt of Belarus|title=Mogilev Region|website=Belarus.by}}</ref>


==Cityscape==
== Sites of interest ==
The most striking building of Mahilyow is the six-pillared St. Stanislaw's Cathedral ([http://globus.tut.by/mogilev/stanisl_kostel_tn_glr.htm picture]), built in the [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] style in 1738-52 and distinguished by its energetic murals. The convent of St. Nicholas ([http://globus.tut.by/mogilev/nikol_main_tn_glr.htm picture]) preserves its magnificent cathedral from 1668, as well as original iconostasis, belltower, walls, and gates. It is currently under consideration to become a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage]] site<ref>[http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1896/ St. Nicholas Monastery Complex in the city of Mahilyou - UNESCO World Heritage Centre]</ref>. Minor landmarks include the archiepiscopal palace and memorial arch, both dating from the 1780s, and the enormous theatre in the blend of the [[Neo-Renaissance]] and [[Russian Revival]] styles.


The town's most notable landmark is the late 17th-century [[town hall]], named the Ratuša (Rathaus), that was built during the times of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. The grand tower of the town hall sustained serious damage during the [[Great Northern War]] and the [[Great Patriotic War]]. It was eventually demolished in 1957 and rebuilt in its pre-war form in 2008.
At Polykovichi, an urban part of Mahilyow, there is a 350 metre tall guyed TV mast, one of the tallest structures in Belarus.


Another important landmark of Mogilev is the six-pillared St. Stanisław's Cathedral, built in the [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] style between 1738 and 1752 and distinguished by its frescoes.
==Notable natives of Mahilyow==

*Rosa Cohen, mother of Israeli [[Prime Minister]] [[Yitzhak Rabin]]
The convent of St. Nicholas preserves its magnificent cathedral of 1668, as well as the original [[iconostasis]], bell tower, walls, and gates. It is currently under consideration to become a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage]] site.<ref>{{cite web|author=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1896/ |title=St. Nicholas Monastery Complex in the city of Mahilyou – UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |date=2004-01-30 |access-date=2014-08-09}}</ref>
*Vera Sheinerman, mother of Israeli [[Prime Minister]] [[Ariel Sharon]]

*[[Leonid Isaakovich Mandelshtam]], physicist
Minor landmarks include the archiepiscopal palace and memorial arch, both dating from the 1780s, and the enormous theater in a blend of the [[Neo-Renaissance]] and [[Russian Revival]] styles.
*[[Issai Schur]], mathematician

At Polykovichi, an urban part of Mogilev, there is a 350 metre tall guyed TV mast, one of the tallest structures in Belarus.

<gallery class="center" perrow="5" widths="200" heights="200">
File:Sviato-Nikolskij monastyr v Mogileve.jpg|{{center|The Convent of St. Nicholas}}
File:Собор трёх святителей (Могилёв).jpg|{{center|The Russian Orthodox church}}
File:Касцёл Святога Станіслава.JPG|{{center|St. Stanisław's Cathedral}}
File:Mogilev City Center, Astrologer Statue, 2014.jpg|{{center|The city center}}
File:Г. Магілёў - Ансамбль плошчы Леніна PICT1773.jpg|Mogilev City Council building which was intended to be the government building after the 1938 proposed relocation of the capital from Minsk to Mogilev.
File:Магілёў. Дом Саветаў у маі (01).jpg|Another view of the Mogilev City Council building.
</gallery>

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===
Mogilev has a warm-summer [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfb'') with warm summers and cold winters.
{{Weather box
|location = Mogilev
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
| Jan record high C = 9.8
| Feb record high C = 12.9
| Mar record high C = 19.3
| Apr record high C = 29.1
| May record high C = 30.8
| Jun record high C = 32.6
| Jul record high C = 34.3
| Aug record high C = 36.8
| Sep record high C = 30.6
| Oct record high C = 25.5
| Nov record high C = 14.5
| Dec record high C = 10.9
|year record high C = 36.8
| Jan high C = -3.0
| Feb high C = -2.5
| Mar high C = 3.0
| Apr high C = 12.0
| May high C = 18.6
| Jun high C = 21.5
| Jul high C = 23.6
| Aug high C = 22.7
| Sep high C = 16.7
| Oct high C = 9.9
| Nov high C = 2.3
| Dec high C = -2.0
|year high C = 10.2
| Jan mean C = -5.3
| Feb mean C = -5.5
| Mar mean C = -0.8
| Apr mean C = 6.7
| May mean C = 12.9
| Jun mean C = 16.1
| Jul mean C = 18.1
| Aug mean C = 17.0
| Sep mean C = 11.6
| Oct mean C = 6.0
| Nov mean C = -0.1
| Dec mean C = -4.2
|year mean C = 6.0
| Jan low C = -7.8
| Feb low C = -8.5
| Mar low C = -4.2
| Apr low C = 2.0
| May low C = 7.3
| Jun low C = 10.8
| Jul low C = 12.7
| Aug low C = 11.6
| Sep low C = 7.1
| Oct low C = 2.6
| Nov low C = -2.3
| Dec low C = -6.6
|year low C = 2.1
| Jan record low C = -37.3
| Feb record low C = -34.7
| Mar record low C = -35.0
| Apr record low C = -17.7
| May record low C = -4.4
| Jun record low C = -0.7
| Jul record low C = 3.0
| Aug record low C = 0.9
| Sep record low C = -4.8
| Oct record low C = -14.8
| Nov record low C = -23.5
| Dec record low C = -33.4
|year record low C = -37.3
|precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 39
| Feb precipitation mm = 34
| Mar precipitation mm = 39
| Apr precipitation mm = 41
| May precipitation mm = 53
| Jun precipitation mm = 75
| Jul precipitation mm = 81
| Aug precipitation mm = 65
| Sep precipitation mm = 55
| Oct precipitation mm = 54
| Nov precipitation mm = 45
| Dec precipitation mm = 41
|year precipitation mm = 622
| Jan rain days = 8
| Feb rain days = 7
| Mar rain days = 9
| Apr rain days = 12
| May rain days = 15
| Jun rain days = 17
| Jul rain days = 15
| Aug rain days = 13
| Sep rain days = 14
| Oct rain days = 15
| Nov rain days = 14
| Dec rain days = 10
|year rain days = 149
| Jan snow days = 21
| Feb snow days = 20
| Mar snow days = 13
| Apr snow days = 4
| May snow days = 0.2
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0.1
| Oct snow days = 3
| Nov snow days = 12
| Dec snow days = 20
|year snow days = 93
| Jan humidity = 87
| Feb humidity = 85
| Mar humidity = 80
| Apr humidity = 72
| May humidity = 69
| Jun humidity = 74
| Jul humidity = 74
| Aug humidity = 75
| Sep humidity = 80
| Oct humidity = 84
| Nov humidity = 89
| Dec humidity = 89
|year humidity = 80
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name = pogoda>{{cite web
| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/26863.htm
| title = КЛИМАТ МОГИЛЕВА
| access-date = 28 November 2015
| publisher = Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)
| language = ru}}</ref>
|date = November 2015}}

==Notable citizens==<!-- PLEASE RESPECT ALPHABETICAL ORDER -->
[[File:David Pinsky.jpg|thumb|150px|David Pinski around 1900]]
*[[Rita Achkina]], cross country skier
*[[Matest M. Agrest]], ethnologist and mathematician
*[[Modest Altschuler]], orchestra conductor
*[[Modest Altschuler]], orchestra conductor
*[[Abe Anellis]], microbiologist
*Grandparents of former [[Canada|Canadian]] professional [[ice hockey]] player [[Wayne Gretzky]]
*[[Olga Bogdanova (chemist)|Olga Bogdanova]], chemist
* Kanstancin Dziubajla (nom de guerre "Dranik") (1988–2022), Belarusian volunteer [[Belarusian involvement in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|killed in action]] defending Ukraine during [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|the 2022 Russian invasion]]<ref>{{cite web |title="Самыя блізкія пабрацімы называлі яго "Дранік"". У Данецкай вобласьці загінуў яшчэ адзін беларус, які бараніў Украіну ("The closest brothers called him" Dranik "." Another Belarusian defending Ukraine died in Donetsk region) Радыё Свабода (Radio Liberty) (in Belarusian) |url=https://www.svaboda.org/a/31848004.html |access-date=14 May 2022}}</ref>
*[[Petr Elfimov]], musician
*[[Svetlana Baitova]], gymnast
*[[Ihar Hershankou]], serial killer
*[[Alyona Lanskaya]], singer
*[[Eugenia Logvinovna Lashnyukova]], nun
*[[Joseph Lookstein]], Rabbi and President of [[Bar-Ilan University]]
*[[Leonid Isaakovich Mandelshtam]], physicist
*[[Andrey Melnikov]], soldier and recipient of [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] award
* [[Andrei Mryj|Andrej Mryj]], satirical writer, journalist, translator and a victim of [[Stalin's purges]]
* [[The First Belarusian Dictionary by Ivan Nasovič|Ivan Nasovič]], author of the first Belarusian dictionary
*[[Stanisław Julian Ostroróg]], Polish count, [[Crimean War]] veteran, noted Victorian [[Photographic portrait]]ist, naturalised [[British subject]]
*[[David Pinski]], Yiddish playwright
*[[Simeon Piščević]], major-general and governor of Mogilev (1777)
*[[Lev Polugaevsky]], International [[Grandmaster (chess)|Grandmaster]] of chess
*[[Leo Rogin]], Economist and Writer
*[[Otto Schmidt]], scientist, mathematician, astronomer, geophysicist, statesman, academician
*[[Otto Schmidt]], scientist, mathematician, astronomer, geophysicist, statesman, academician
*[[Matest M. Agrest]], ethnologist and mathematician
*[[Issai Schur]], mathematician
*[[Spiridon Sobol]], Belarusian enlightener and printer; published the first ABC-book in [[Belarus]] in 1631
*[[Mikałaj Sudziłoŭski]], revolutionary and scientist
*[[Mikałaj Sudziłoŭski]], revolutionary and scientist
*[[Sergey Evtuhov]] (born 1953), painter
*[[Lev Polugaevsky]], International [[Grandmaster (chess)|Grandmaster]] of chess
*[[Irving Berlin]], American composer
*[[David Pinski]], Yiddish playwright
* Ilya Garelik, guitarist for [[The Delta Rasa]]


==Sports==
== Twin towns - Sister cities ==
[[File:Стадион "Спартак" (обновленный) - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Spartak Stadium (Mogilev)|Spartak Stadium]]]]
Mahilyow is [[town twinning|twinned]] with:
City sports teams:
* [[Image:Flag of Serbia.svg|20px|Serbia]] '''[[Kragujevac]]''', [[Serbia]] <ref name="Kragujevac">{{cite web|url=http://www.kragujevac.rs/en/city_partners.htm|title=Kragujevac City Partners|publisher=<small>[[copyright|©]] 2008 Information service of Kragujevac City|accessdate=2008-10-27}}</small></ref>
* Football: [[FC Torpedo Mogilev]],<ref>{{cite web |author=FC Torpedo Mogilev |url=http://www.torpedomogilev.by/ |title=Official Website of FC Torpedo Mogilev |publisher=torpedomogilev.by |date=2015-01-30 |access-date=2015-10-16 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131022820/http://www.torpedomogilev.by/ |archive-date=2016-01-31 }}</ref> [[FC Dnepr Mogilev]] and [[ZhFC Dnepr Mogilev]], Nadezhda Mogilev
* [[Image:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|20px|Bulgaria]] '''[[Gabrovo]]''', [[Bulgaria]]
* Hockey: [[HK Mogilev]]
* [[Image:Flag of France.svg|20px|France]] '''[[Villeurbanne]]''', [[France]]
* Volleyball: Mogilev Lions, Kommunalnik
*[[Image:Flag of Slovakia.svg|20px|Slovakia]] '''[[Bardejov]]''', [[Slovakia]]
* Handball: Masheka
* [[Image:Flag of Germany.svg|20px|Germany]] '''[[Eisenach]]''', [[Germany]]
* Basketball: [[BC Borisfen]]
* [[Image:Flag of Ukraine.svg|20px|Ukraine]] '''[[Kerch]]''', [[Ukraine]]

* [[Image:Flag of Russia.svg|20px|Russia]] '''[[Tula, Russia|Tula]]''', [[Russia]]
==Twin towns – sister cities==
* [[Image:Flag of Lithuania.svg|20px|Lithuania]] '''[[Klaipėda]]''', [[Lithuania]]
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Belarus}}
* [[Image:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Poland]] '''[[Włocławek]]''', [[Poland]]
Mogilev is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Города-побратимы|url=http://mogilev.gov.by/goroda-pobratimy.html|website=mogilev.gov.by|publisher=Mogilev|language=ru|access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=18em}}
<!--Bardejov- twinning ended-->
*{{flagicon|QAT}} [[Al Rayyan (city)|Al Rayyan]], Qatar
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Bursa]], Turkey
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Changsha]], China<ref>{{cite web |title=白俄罗斯莫吉廖夫市|url=http://www.changsha.gov.cn/xfzs/zjmlzs/yhcs/201707/t20170720_5685956.html|website=changsha.gov.cn|publisher=Changsha|language=zh|date=2020-06-12|access-date=2020-07-11}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Eisenach]], Germany
*{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Gabrovo Municipality|Gabrovo]], Bulgaria
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Kerch]], Ukraine
<!--Klaipėda - twinning ended-->
*{{flagicon|SRB}} [[Kragujevac]], Serbia
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Mykolaiv]], Ukraine
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Nanjing]], China
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Penza]], Russia
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Sokolinaya Gora District|Sokolinaya Gora (Moscow)]], Russia
*{{flagicon|AZE}} [[Sumgait]], Azerbaijan
*{{flagicon|IRN}} [[Tabriz]], Iran
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Tula, Russia|Tula]], Russia
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Villeurbanne]], France
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Wittenberg]], Germany
<!--Włocławek - twinning ended-->
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Pivdenne, Odesa Oblast|Pivdenne]], Ukraine
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Zhengzhou]], China
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Zvenigorod]], Russia
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Mogilev}}
{{Commonscat|Mahilyow}}
{{wiktionary}}
{{wiktionary}}
* [http://www.city.mogilev.by/en Mogilev city executive committee]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050308235718/http://www.city.mogilev.by/en/ Mogilev city executive committee]
* [http://www.travel-images.com/mogilev.html Images of Mogilev / Mahilyow]
* [http://radzima.org/eng/gorad/magilyeu.html Photos on Radzima.org]
* [http://radzima.org/pub/miesta.php?lang=en&miesta_id1=mamamahi Photos on Radzima.org]
* [http://www.bfcollection.net/cities/belarus/mogilev/mogilev.html Historic images of Mogilev]
* [http://www.bfcollection.net/cities/belarus/mogilev/mogilev.html Historic images of Mogilev]
* [http://www.jewishmogilev.org Mogilev Jewish Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325120909/http://www.jewishmogilev.org/ |date=2010-03-25 }}
* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=696&letter=M Jewish Encyclopedia on Moghilef (Mohilev)]
* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=696&letter=M Jewish Encyclopedia on Moghilef (Mohilev)]
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Mogilev on the Dnieper |short=x}}
* [http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=234 The murder of the Jews of Mogilev] during [[World War II]], at [[Yad Vashem]] website
* {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1945803|Mahilyow, Belarus}}


'''City and regional maps of Mogilev'''
;City and regional maps of Mogilev
*[http://translate.google.fi/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://www.emaps-online.com/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.emaps-online.com%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:fi:official%26hs%3DxxS%26sa%3DG Best zoomable map of Mogilev and Belarus available, possible to see Voblasts, Rajons, cities and streets -> In page click Kaptbi up in the middle]
*[http://translate.google.fi/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http://www.emaps-online.com/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.emaps-online.com%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:fi:official%26hs%3DxxS%26sa%3DG Zoomable map of Mogilev and Belarus -> In page click КАРТЫ in middle]
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/commonwealth/belarus_pol_97.jpg Overview map of roads and railways]
*[http://www.multimap.com/maps/?qs=&countryCode=BY#map=53.91045,30.33501|13|32&bd=useful_information&loc=BY:53.91389:30.33639:14|mahiljou|Mahilyow%20(Mahiljou),%20Mahilyowskaya%20Voblasts%CA%BC Zoomable map of Mogilev and in general from Belarus]
*[http://www.expedia.com/pub/agent.dll?qscr=mmvw&lmap=0&hlbl=0&xofs=0&yofs=0&clvl=7&msds=EX01D3EF2F57%2414b%24D5%24B2%2413b%24D5%24B294001!701000!4%24FF!50!Q%24FF0!8%24FF%240F0Dpnmsvf%242C.Pvsgwp!2%24FF70DpnmsvfIUT9%2481%24C5C%2440%24FA3B%2428%2413%240E%243C%2440%240F8001000!4%24FF%241D!60!2%24FF0000!2%24FF!6i%24EE%243F%2414000!6%24FF!I0&cbak=1 zoomable map of Belarus with low resolution]
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/commonwealth/belarus_pol_97.jpg Good overview map of roads and railways]
*[http://geology.com/world/belarus-satellite-image.shtml General overview of Baltics, Belarus and east-europe]
*[http://geology.com/world/belarus-satellite-image.shtml General overview of Baltics, Belarus and east-europe]
*[http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/belarus_topographic_map Belarus, topographic map]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080927122532/http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/belarus_topographic_map Belarus, topographic map]
*[http://parovoz.com/maps/supermap/supermap.php?X=C&Y=1&LANG=en Baltic countires full detail railway map. Belarus and Baltics in C1 sector]
*{{cite web|url=http://parovoz.com/maps/supermap/supermap.php?X=C&Y=1&LANG=en|title=Baltic countries full detail railway map. Belarus and Baltics in C1 sector|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120523225400/http://parovoz.com/maps/supermap/supermap.php?X=C&Y=1&LANG=en|archive-date=23 May 2012|url-status=dead}}
*[http://www.scribd.com/doc/11052/belarus General detail, downloadable PDF map of Belarus]
*[https://www.scribd.com/doc/11052/belarus General detail, downloadable PDF map of Belarus]


{{Belarus Seats}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Mogilev Region}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Mahilyow Voblast}}
{{First-level administrative divisions of Belarus}}


[[Category:Mogilev| ]]
[[Category:Mogilev| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Belarus]]
[[Category:Cities in Belarus]]
[[Category:Shtetls]]
[[Category:Populated places in Mogilev region]]
[[Category:Historic Jewish communities in Belarus]]

[[Category:Holocaust locations in Belarus]]
[[be:Горад Магілёў]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Dnieper in Belarus]]
[[be-x-old:Магілёў]]
[[br:Mogilev]]
[[bg:Могильов]]
[[cs:Mohylev]]
[[de:Mahiljou]]
[[et:Mahiloŭ]]
[[el:Μαγιλιόβ]]
[[es:Maguilov]]
[[fr:Moguilev]]
[[it:Mahilëŭ]]
[[he:מוהילב]]
[[la:Mohilovia]]
[[lv:Magiļeva]]
[[lt:Mogiliavas]]
[[hu:Mahiljov]]
[[nl:Mahiljow]]
[[no:Mahiljoŭ]]
[[pl:Mohylew]]
[[pt:Mahilou]]
[[ru:Могилёв]]
[[sk:Mahiľov]]
[[sr:Могиљов]]
[[fi:Mahiljou]]
[[sv:Mahiljoŭ]]
[[uk:Могильов]]
[[zh:莫吉廖夫]]

Latest revision as of 23:42, 2 January 2025

This article is about the city in Belarus. For the city in Ukraine, see Mohyliv-Podilskyi.
Mogilev
Магілёў • Могилёв
Mahilyow
City
Belarusian transcription(s)
 • BGN/PCGNMahilyow
 • OfficialMahiliow
 • ScholarlyMahilëŭ
 • ALA-LCMahili͡oŭ
 • British[1]Mahilëw
 • ŁacinkaMahiloŭ
Flag of Mogilev
Flag
Coat of arms of Mogilev
Coat of arms
Mogilev is located in Belarus
Mogilev
Mogilev
Location of Mogilev, shown within Mogilev Region
Coordinates: 53°55′N 30°21′E / 53.917°N 30.350°E / 53.917; 30.350
CountryBelarus
RegionMogilev Region
Founded1267
Government
 • MayorAlyaksandr Studnew [be; ru]
Area
 • Total
118.50 km2 (45.75 sq mi)
Elevation
192 m (630 ft)
Population
 (2024)[2]
 • Total
353,110
 • Density3,000/km2 (7,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK)
Postal code
212 001
Area code+375 222
License plate6
WebsiteCity's executive committee's official website

Mogilev (US: /məɡɪlˈjɔːf/),[3] also transliterated as Mahilyow[a] (Belarusian: Магілёў, romanized: Mahiliow,[b] IPA: [maɣʲiˈlʲou̯];[4] Russian: Могилёв, romanized: Mogilyov, IPA: [məɡʲɪˈlʲɵf]; IPA: [mɔˈgilɛv]), is a city in eastern Belarus. It is located on the Dnieper River, about 76 kilometres (47 miles) from the border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and 105 km (65 miles) from Bryansk Oblast. As of 2024, it has a population of 353,110.[2] In 2011, its population was 360,918,[5] up from an estimated 106,000 in 1956. It serves as the administrative centre of Mogilev Region,[2] and is the third-largest city in Belarus.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
189743,119—    
192341,622−3.5%
192646,562+11.9%
193999,428+113.5%
1959121,712+22.4%
1970202,314+66.2%
1979290,361+43.5%
1989359,188+23.7%
1999356,500−0.7%
2009358,279+0.5%
2019356,821−0.4%
Source: pop-stat.mashke.org[6]

History

[edit]
Wehrmacht propaganda photograph of Jewish women in Mogilev, July 1941; Mogilev Jews were murdered by Nazi Police Battalion 322 in October.[7]
Mogilev in July 1941

The city was first mentioned in historical records in 1267. From the 14th century, it was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and since the Union of Lublin (1569), part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, where it became known as Mohylew. In the 16th-17th centuries, the city flourished as one of the main nodes of the east–west and north–south trading routes.

In 1577, Polish King Stefan Batory granted it city rights under Magdeburg law. In 1654, during the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667), the townsmen negotiated a treaty of surrender to the Russians peacefully, if the Jews were to be expelled and their property divided up among Mogilev's inhabitants. Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovitch agreed. However, instead of expelling the Jews, the Russian troops massacred them after they had led them to the outskirts of the town.[8] During this war, the city was besieged twice by the Lithuanian army: in 1655, and in 1660. In 1661, local residents started an uprising against the Russian imperial rule [ru]. The city was set afire by Peter the Great's forces in 1708, during the Great Northern War.[9] After the First Partition of Poland in 1772, Mogilev became part of the Russian Empire and became the centre of the Mogilev Governorate. In 1938 it was decided Mogilev was to become the capital of Belarus because Minsk was too close to the then-Polish-Soviet border.

In the years 1915–1917, during World War I, the Stavka, the headquarters of the Russian Imperial Army, was based in the city [10] and the Tsar, Nicholas II, spent long periods there as Commander-in-Chief.[11][12]

Following the Russian Revolution, in 1918, the city was briefly occupied by Germany and placed under their short-lived Belarusian People's Republic. In 1919, Mogilev was captured by the forces of Soviet Russia and incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR. Up to World War II and the Holocaust, like many other cities in Europe, Mogilev had a significant Jewish population: according to the Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 41,100, 21,500 were Jews (i.e. over 50 percent).[13] In 1938 the leadership of Soviet Belarus decided to move the capital of the country from Minsk to Mogilev. Due to that, the now-Mogilev City Council building was built in 1938–1940 with the aim of being the government building. It was designed to resemble the Minsk Government building.

During Operation Barbarossa, the city was conquered by Wehrmacht forces on 26 July 1941 and remained under German occupation until 28 June 1944.[14] Mogilev became the official residence of High SS and police leader (HSSPF) Erich von dem Bach. During that period, the Jews of Mogilev were ghettoized and systematically murdered by Ordnungspolizei and SS personnel.[15] Heinrich Himmler personally witnessed the executions of 279 Jews on 23 October 1941. Later that month, a number of mentally disabled patients were poisoned with car exhaust fumes as an experiment; the method of killing was thereafter applied in several Nazi extermination camps. Initial plans for establishing a death camp in Mogilev were abandoned in favour of Maly Trostenets.

In 1944, with the Mogilev offensive, the devastated city was liberated by the Red Army and returned to Soviet control. Mogilev then was the site of a labour camp for German POW soldiers.

Since Belarus gained its independence in 1991, Mogilev has remained one of its principal cities.

Religion

[edit]

Mohilev was the episcopal see of the Latin Catholic Archdiocese of Mohilev until its 1991 merger into the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Minsk-Mohilev.

It remains the see of the Eparchy (Eastern diocese) of Mogilev and Mstsislaw in the Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Further information: St. Nicholas Monastery Complex

Economy

[edit]

After World War II, a huge metallurgy centre with several major steel mills was built. Also, several major factories of cranes, cars, tractors and a chemical plant were established. By the 1950s, tanning was Mogilev's principal industry, and it was a major trading centre for cereal, leather, salt, sugar, fish, timber and flint: the city has been home to a major inland port on the Dnieper river since and an airport since. Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the establishment of Belarus as an independent country, Mogilev has become one of that country's main economic and industrial centres.[16]

Cityscape

[edit]

The town's most notable landmark is the late 17th-century town hall, named the Ratuša (Rathaus), that was built during the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The grand tower of the town hall sustained serious damage during the Great Northern War and the Great Patriotic War. It was eventually demolished in 1957 and rebuilt in its pre-war form in 2008.

Another important landmark of Mogilev is the six-pillared St. Stanisław's Cathedral, built in the Baroque style between 1738 and 1752 and distinguished by its frescoes.

The convent of St. Nicholas preserves its magnificent cathedral of 1668, as well as the original iconostasis, bell tower, walls, and gates. It is currently under consideration to become a UNESCO World Heritage site.[17]

Minor landmarks include the archiepiscopal palace and memorial arch, both dating from the 1780s, and the enormous theater in a blend of the Neo-Renaissance and Russian Revival styles.

At Polykovichi, an urban part of Mogilev, there is a 350 metre tall guyed TV mast, one of the tallest structures in Belarus.

  • The Convent of St. Nicholas
    The Convent of St. Nicholas
  • The Russian Orthodox church
    The Russian Orthodox church
  • St. Stanisław's Cathedral
    St. Stanisław's Cathedral
  • The city center
    The city center
  • Mogilev City Council building which was intended to be the government building after the 1938 proposed relocation of the capital from Minsk to Mogilev.
    Mogilev City Council building which was intended to be the government building after the 1938 proposed relocation of the capital from Minsk to Mogilev.
  • Another view of the Mogilev City Council building.
    Another view of the Mogilev City Council building.

Geography

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

Mogilev has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb) with warm summers and cold winters.

Climate data for Mogilev
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9.8
(49.6) 		12.9
(55.2) 		19.3
(66.7) 		29.1
(84.4) 		30.8
(87.4) 		32.6
(90.7) 		34.3
(93.7) 		36.8
(98.2) 		30.6
(87.1) 		25.5
(77.9) 		14.5
(58.1) 		10.9
(51.6) 		36.8
(98.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −3.0
(26.6) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		3.0
(37.4) 		12.0
(53.6) 		18.6
(65.5) 		21.5
(70.7) 		23.6
(74.5) 		22.7
(72.9) 		16.7
(62.1) 		9.9
(49.8) 		2.3
(36.1) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		10.2
(50.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −5.3
(22.5) 		−5.5
(22.1) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		6.7
(44.1) 		12.9
(55.2) 		16.1
(61.0) 		18.1
(64.6) 		17.0
(62.6) 		11.6
(52.9) 		6.0
(42.8) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		−4.2
(24.4) 		6.0
(42.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −7.8
(18.0) 		−8.5
(16.7) 		−4.2
(24.4) 		2.0
(35.6) 		7.3
(45.1) 		10.8
(51.4) 		12.7
(54.9) 		11.6
(52.9) 		7.1
(44.8) 		2.6
(36.7) 		−2.3
(27.9) 		−6.6
(20.1) 		2.1
(35.8)
Record low °C (°F) −37.3
(−35.1) 		−34.7
(−30.5) 		−35.0
(−31.0) 		−17.7
(0.1) 		−4.4
(24.1) 		−0.7
(30.7) 		3.0
(37.4) 		0.9
(33.6) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		−14.8
(5.4) 		−23.5
(−10.3) 		−33.4
(−28.1) 		−37.3
(−35.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 39
(1.5) 		34
(1.3) 		39
(1.5) 		41
(1.6) 		53
(2.1) 		75
(3.0) 		81
(3.2) 		65
(2.6) 		55
(2.2) 		54
(2.1) 		45
(1.8) 		41
(1.6) 		622
(24.5)
Average rainy days 8 7 9 12 15 17 15 13 14 15 14 10 149
Average snowy days 21 20 13 4 0.2 0 0 0 0.1 3 12 20 93
Average relative humidity (%) 87 85 80 72 69 74 74 75 80 84 89 89 80
Source: Pogoda.ru.net[18]

Notable citizens

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David Pinski around 1900

Sports

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Spartak Stadium

City sports teams:

Twin towns – sister cities

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See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Belarus

Mogilev is twinned with:[21]

Notes

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  1. ^ BGN/PCGN romanization of Belarusian
  2. ^ Official transliteration (2023)

References

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  1. ^ British Standard 2979 : 1958, London: British Standards Institution.
  2. ^ a b c "Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". belsat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 2 April 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
  3. ^ "Definition of MOGILEV".
  4. ^ Назвы населеных пунктаў Рэспублікі Беларусь: Магілёўская вобласць: нарматыўны даведнік / І. А. Гапоненка і інш.; пад рэд. В. П. Лемуюгова [be]. — Мн.: Тэхналогія, 2007. — 406 с. — ISBN 978-985-458-159-0. (DJVU) (in Belarusian)
  5. ^ Ярковец, А.И. (2011). "Численность населения на 1 января 2011 года и среднегодовая численность населения за 2010 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". Статистический бюллетень (in Russian). Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь: 21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-09. Retrieved 2012-01-13.
  6. ^ "Cities & Towns of Belarus". 2024-04-15.
  7. ^ Breitman, Richard (1998). Official Secrets: What the Nazis Planned, What the British and Americans Knew. New York:, 1998. New York: Hill and Wang/Farrar Straus & Giroux. p. 66. ISBN 9780809001842.
  8. ^ Russia's First Modern Jews, NYU Press 1995, David Fishman, p.2
  9. ^ Катлярчук, Андрэй (2007). Швэды ў гісторыі й культуры беларусаў (PDF) (in Belarusian). Ėntsyklapedyks. ISBN 978-9856599586.
  10. ^ Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, first issue vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czech Republic) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, ISBN 978-80-87173-47-3, pages 36 - 39, 41 - 42, 111-112, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–199.
  11. ^ "Mogilev invites tourists to take a stroll with Emperor Nicholas II". Official website of Belarus.
  12. ^ Massie, Robert (1967). Nicholas and Alexandria. New York: Ballantine Books. p. 300. ISBN 9780345438317.
  13. ^ Joshua D. Zimmerman, Poles, Jews, and the politics of nationality, Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, ISBN 0-299-19464-7, Google Print, p.16
  14. ^ "Mogilev The fate of the Jews under the German Invasion & Occupation". Holocaustresearchproject.org. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
  15. ^ "Jewish Heritage Research Group in Belarus". Jhrgbelarus.org. Archived from the original on 2018-10-02. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
  16. ^ "Mogilev Region". Belarus.by. Govt of Belarus.
  17. ^ UNESCO World Heritage Centre (2004-01-30). "St. Nicholas Monastery Complex in the city of Mahilyou – UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
  18. ^ "КЛИМАТ МОГИЛЕВА" (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 28 November 2015.
  19. ^ ""Самыя блізкія пабрацімы называлі яго "Дранік"". У Данецкай вобласьці загінуў яшчэ адзін беларус, які бараніў Украіну ("The closest brothers called him" Dranik "." Another Belarusian defending Ukraine died in Donetsk region) Радыё Свабода (Radio Liberty) (in Belarusian)". Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  20. ^ FC Torpedo Mogilev (2015-01-30). "Official Website of FC Torpedo Mogilev". torpedomogilev.by. Archived from the original on 2016-01-31. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  21. ^ "Города-побратимы". mogilev.gov.by (in Russian). Mogilev. Retrieved 2020-01-13.
  22. ^ "白俄罗斯莫吉廖夫市". changsha.gov.cn (in Chinese). Changsha. 2020-06-12. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
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