Mulyeongari Oreum: Difference between revisions

Mulyeongari Oreum
Mulyeongari Oreum
Highest point
Elevation	508 m (1,667 ft)
Coordinates	33°22′09″N 126°41′36″E / 33.3693°N 126.6932°E
Geography
Location	Seogwipo, Jeju Province, South Korea

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Mulyeongari Oreum (Korean: 물영아리오름) is an oreum (small extinct volcano; parasitic cone) on Jeju island, South Korea. It has a lake and wetland. It is the only wetland in Korea which is located within a volcanic crater in an oreum.^[1]

The oreum is one of the secondary volcanoes around the Hallasan volcano, which is the highest mountain in South Korea. Through continuing scientific research, it is thought that Mulyeongari Oreum was formed by volcanic activity continuing for 2,500 years at the end of the third Cenozoic Era on Jeju Island. On top of the oreum, there is a shallow crater lake which displays a unique example of a wetland. The level of water changes with the seasons due to rainfall and the particular geology. Some 370 parasitic cones are located around Hallasan. Only about 30% of them have mountain craters. The geology is mostly composed of water-permeable basalt, so it is unusual to have a lake on top of such volcanic cones. During the dry season, most of wetland becomes dries out, except the deepest part in the south (about 50m of water depth). During the rainy season, most of it is submerged.

Characteristics

The mountain crater lake formed in a volcanic crater, 900m-937m above sea-level, 9 km northeast of Hallasan. The 628000m² lake provides water, which is not abundant on the island, to the indigenous wildlife.

Mulyeongari Oreum is located on the Mt. Suryeong (sea level attitude : 508m) on the Halla mountain in Jeju island. It is a typical parasitic cone and the mouth of a volcano has a girth of 300m, 40m in depth and 1,000m circumference around the crater. Viewed from the summit of the mountain north of crater, its external shape has a concentric circle and hollowed surface in the middle of crater respectively.

The oreum forms a shallow crater lake on top of it. The level of water in the crater-lake changes by the seasons. In the dry season, the crater-lake maintains lower level which makes the area have wetland personalities. Organic materials flow down the slope around the wetland and gather the bottom of the crater which the wetland is located. The wetland displays the distinctive layer of floras. The wetland does not show wide biodiversity.

The wetland also exhibits the characteristics of the wetlands in temperate climate zone and high moor due to the height of the mountain (508m), at which Mulyeongari Oreum is located.

The wetland forms a closed ecosystem due to the shape of the crate which the wetland is placed. This closed ecosystem presents a distinctive fauna. Particularly near the wetland, different plants are growing in concentric circles. Due to the closed circulation of ecosystem, the wetland is claimed to face easy degradation and extinction.

Flora and fauna

Insects

giant water bug (Lethocerus deyrollei)
Plateumaris sericea
Gryllotalpa orientalis
Anisodactylus signatus
Fabriciana nerippe coreana (F:Papilionoidea)
Lethocerus deyrollei (F: Belostomatidae).

47 insect species in 24 families, 5 orders, were observed

Amphibians

boreal digging frog (Kaloula borealis)
Rana nigromaculata
Hynobius leechii

2 orders, 3 families, 6 species (37 individuals) in amphibians and 1 order, 3 families, 8 species (15 individuals) were found and captured

Birds

Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus)
Fairy pitta (Pitta brachyura nympha)
Black kite (Milvus migrans)
Japanese sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis)
Japanese paradise-flycatcher (Terpsiphone atrocaudata)
Black paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone atrocaudata)

Plants

Painted Maple (Acer pictum subsp. mono)
Carpinus laxiflora
Cornus kousa
Euonymus fortunei
Juncus effusus
Paeonia obovata
Persicaria hydropiper
Persicaria thunbergii
Polygonum muricatum
Rosa multiflora
Rubus coreanus
Scirpus triqueter
Smilax china
Torreya nucifera

210 plants (74 family 154 genus) were observed, another source states 69 families, 136 genera, 181 species of flowering plants exist here.

References

^ "jejuoreum". jejuoreum.

Information sheet on Ramsar Wetlands^{[permanent dead link‍]}

Korea's Ramsar Wetlands

[1] "jejuoreum". jejuoreum.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Extinct volcano in Jeju Province, South Korea}}
-'''Mulyeongari-oreum''' is the only wetland in Korea which is located on top of oreum. The oreum is one of the secondary volcanoes around Halla mountain which had volcanic eruptions about 1.2 million years ago. It is believed that the wetland was formed by the volcanic activities assumingly in between 100 and 2.5 thousands years ago. The oreum has kept the original status since it was formed and displays unique example of wetland type. On top of the oreum, there is a shallow crater lake in which the level of water changes by the seasons and this water is just from rainfalls due to the topographical features of Mulyeongari-oreum.
+{{Infobox mountain
+| name = Mulyeongari Oreum
+| coordinates = {{Coord|33.3693|126.6932|display=inline,title}}
+| location = [[Seogwipo]], [[Jeju Province]], South Korea
+| elevation_m = 508
+}}
+'''Mulyeongari Oreum''' ({{korean|hangul=물영아리오름}}) is an ''[[oreum]]'' (small extinct volcano; [[parasitic cone]]) on [[Jeju island]], South Korea. It has a lake and [[wetland]]. It is the only wetland in Korea which is located within a volcanic crater in an ''oreum''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jejuoreum.or.kr/blank-14|title=jejuoreum|website=jejuoreum}}</ref>
+The ''oreum'' is one of the secondary volcanoes around the [[Hallasan]] volcano, which is the highest mountain in South Korea. Through continuing scientific research, it is thought that Mulyeongari Oreum was formed by volcanic activity continuing for 2,500 years at the end of the third [[Cenozoic Era]] on [[Jeju Island]]. On top of the ''oreum'', there is a shallow crater lake which displays a unique example of a wetland. The level of water changes with the seasons due to rainfall and the particular geology. Some 370 parasitic cones are located around Hallasan. Only about 30% of them have mountain craters. The geology is mostly composed of water-permeable basalt, so it is unusual to have a lake on top of such volcanic cones. During the dry season, most of wetland becomes dries out, except the deepest part in the south (about 50m of water depth). During the rainy season, most of it is submerged.
 ==Characteristics==
+The mountain crater lake formed in a volcanic crater, 900m-937m above sea-level, 9&nbsp;km northeast of [[Hallasan]]. The 628000m<sup>2</sup> lake provides water, which is not abundant on the island, to the indigenous wildlife.
-* Mulyeongari-oreum is located on the Mt. Suryeong (sea level attitude : 508m) on the  Halla mountain in Jeju island. It is a typical parasitic cone and  the mouth of a volcano has a girth of 300m, 40m in depth and 1,000m in the around the crater. Viewing in summit of a mountain and north of crater, its external shapes have a concentric circle and hollowed surface in the middle of crater respectively.
+Mulyeongari Oreum is located on the Mt. Suryeong (sea level attitude : 508m) on the Halla mountain in Jeju island. It is a typical parasitic cone and the mouth of a volcano has a girth of 300m, 40m in depth and 1,000m circumference around the crater. Viewed from the summit of the mountain north of crater, its external shape has a concentric circle and hollowed surface in the middle of crater respectively.
-* The oreum forms a shallow crater lake on top of it. The level of water in the crater-lake changes by the seasons. In the dry season, the crater-lake maintains lower level which makes the area have wetland personalities. The organic materials flow down the slope around the wetland and gather the bottom of the crater which the wetland is located. The wetland displays the distinctive layer of floras. In terms of bio-diversity, the wetland does not show wide bio-diversity.
+The ''oreum'' forms a shallow crater lake on top of it. The level of water in the crater-lake changes by the seasons. In the dry season, the crater-lake maintains lower level which makes the area have wetland personalities. Organic materials flow down the slope around the wetland and gather the bottom of the crater which the wetland is located. The wetland displays the distinctive layer of floras. The wetland does not show wide [[biodiversity]].
-* The wetland also exhibits the characteristics of the wetlands in temperate climate zone and high moor due to the height of the mountain (508m), which Mulyeongari-oreum is located.
-* The wetland forms a closed ecosystem due to the shape of the crate which the wetland is
+The wetland also exhibits the characteristics of the wetlands in temperate climate zone and high moor due to the height of the mountain (508m), at which Mulyeongari Oreum is located.
-placed. This closed ecosystem present distinctive fauna display. Particularly near the wetland,
-different plants are growing in concentric circles. Due to the closed circulation of ecosystem,
-the wetland is claimed to face easy degradation and extinction.
+The wetland forms a closed [[ecosystem]] due to the shape of the crate which the wetland is placed. This closed ecosystem presents a distinctive fauna. Particularly near the wetland, different plants are growing in concentric circles. Due to the closed circulation of ecosystem, the wetland is claimed to face easy degradation and extinction.
-==Organisms==
+==Flora and fauna==
 '''Insects'''
 * [[giant water bug]] (''Lethocerus deyrollei'')
-* ''Plateumaris sericea''
+* ''[[Plateumaris sericea]]''
-* ''Gryllotalpa orientalis''
+* ''[[Gryllotalpa orientalis]]''
-* ''Anisodactylus signatus ''
+* ''[[Anisodactylus signatus]]''
+* ''[[Fabriciana nerippe coreana]]'' (F:Papilionoidea)
-insecta (5 order 24 family 47 species) were observed
+* ''[[Lethocerus deyrollei]]'' (F: Belostomatidae).
+insect species in 24 families, 5 orders, were observed
-''Amphibians''
+'''Amphibians'''
 * [[boreal digging frog]] (''Kaloula borealis'')
-* ''Rana nigromaculata''
+* ''[[Rana nigromaculata]]''
-* ''Hynobius leechii ''
+* ''[[Hynobius leechii]]''
-orders, 3 families, 6species (37 individuals) in amphibians and 1 order, 3 families, 8species (15 individuals) were found and captured
+orders, 3 families, 6 species (37 individuals) in amphibians and 1 order, 3 families, 8 species (15 individuals) were found and captured
+'''Birds'''
+* [[Peregrine falcon]] (''Falco peregrinus'')
+* [[Fairy pitta]] (''Pitta brachyura nympha'')
+* [[Black kite]] (''Milvus migrans'')
+* [[Japanese sparrowhawk]] (''Accipiter gularis'')
+* [[Japanese paradise-flycatcher]] (''Terpsiphone atrocaudata'')
+* [[Black paradise flycatcher]] (''Terpsiphone atrocaudata'')
 '''Plants'''
+* Painted Maple ([[Acer pictum subsp. mono|''Acer pictum'' subsp. ''mono'']])
+* ''[[Carpinus laxiflora]]''
+* ''[[Cornus kousa]]''
+* ''[[Euonymus fortunei]]''
+* ''[[Juncus effusus]]''
+* ''[[Paeonia obovata]]''
+* ''[[Persicaria hydropiper]]''
+* ''[[Persicaria thunbergii]]''
+* ''[[Polygonum muricatum]]''
+* ''[[Rosa multiflora]]''
+* ''[[Rubus coreanus]]''
+* ''[[Scirpus triqueter]]''
+* ''[[Smilax china]]''
+* ''[[Torreya nucifera]]''
+plants (74 family 154 genus) were observed, another source states 69 families, 136 genera, 181 species of [[flowering plant]]s exist here.
+==References==
-* ''Scripus triqueter''
+{{Reflist}}
-* ''Persicaria thunbergi''
+[http://www.wetlands.org/reports/infosheet.cfm?siteref=2KR005 Information sheet on Ramsar Wetlands]{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
-* ''Persicaria nipponensis''
-* ''Rosa multiflora''
-* ''Rubus coreannus''
-* ''Carpinus laxiflora''
-* ''Cornus kousa''
-* ''Torreya nucifera''
-* ''Euonymus fortunei''
-* ''Scirpus triqueter''
-* ''Persicaria thunbergii''
-* ''Rosa multiflora''
-* ''Rubus coreannus''
-* ''Smilax china''
-plants (74 family 154 genus) were observed
-==reference==
-[www.wetlands.org/reports/infosheet.cfm?siteref=2KR005 Information sheet on Ramsar Wetlands]
 [http://www.koreana.or.kr/months/news_view.asp?b_idx=228&lang=en&page_type=list Korea's Ramsar Wetlands]
+[[Category:Mountains of Jeju Province]]
+[[Category:Parasitic cones]]