Cycas angulata: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
m {{Use Australian English}} and general fixes |
||
| (20 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Species of cycad}} |
|||
{{Taxobox |
|||
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2024}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Speciesbox |
|||
| trend = stable |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae |
|||
| status = LC |
|||
| divisio = [[Cycad]]ophyta |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| classis = [[Cycad]]opsida |
|||
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn | author = Hill, K.D. | title = ''Cycas angulata'' | page = e.T41981A10591752 | year = 2010 | access-date = 25 June 2022}}</ref> |
|||
| ordo = [[Cycad]]ales |
|||
| |
| genus = Cycas |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| genus = ''[[Cycas]]'' |
|||
| authority = [[R.Br.]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| binomial = ''Cycas angulata'' |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
'''''Cycas angulata''''' is a species of [[cycad]] in the genus ''[[Cycas]]'', native to [[Australia]] in northeast [[Northern Territory]] (lower reaches of the [[Foelsche River|Foelsche]], [[Robinson River|Robinson]] and [[Wearyan River]]s near [[Borroloola, Northern Territory|Borroloola]]) and northwest [[Queensland]] ([[Bountiful Islands]]). |
'''''Cycas angulata''''' is a species of [[cycad]] in the genus ''[[Cycas]]'', native to [[Australia]] in northeast [[Northern Territory]] (lower reaches of the [[Foelsche River|Foelsche]], [[Robinson River (Northern Territory)|Robinson]] and [[Wearyan River]]s near [[Borroloola, Northern Territory|Borroloola]]) and northwest [[Queensland]] ([[Bountiful Islands]]). |
||
It is the largest Australian ''Cycas'' species, with arborescent and frequently branched stems growing to 5 m (rarely 12 m) tall, and 15–25 cm in diameter. Older specimens lose the leaf base scars and gain a more checkerboard appearance. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 1.1-1.7 m long, pinnate with 180-320 leaflets, the leaflets 14–23 cm long and 4.5-6.5 mm wide, grey-green to glaucous; there are to 40 leaves in the crown. The leaf petioles are armed with spines in younger individuals (a few millimetres long) with this trait being lost in older individuals. |
It is the largest Australian ''Cycas'' species, with arborescent and frequently branched stems growing to 5 m (rarely 12 m) tall, and 15–25 cm in diameter. Older specimens lose the leaf base scars and gain a more checkerboard appearance. The [[leaf|leaves]] are 1.1-1.7 m long, pinnate with 180-320 leaflets, the leaflets 14–23 cm long and 4.5-6.5 mm wide, grey-green to glaucous; there are to 40 leaves in the crown. The leaf petioles are armed with spines in younger individuals (a few millimetres long) with this trait being lost in older individuals. |
||
The female [[strobilus|cones]] are open type [[sporophyll]]s 25–50 cm long, brown, each with 6-12 ovules each. The [[Leaf|lamina]] is triangular ending in a sharp narrow spine. The male cones are solitary, erect, 20–25 cm long and 12–15 cm diameter. |
The female [[strobilus|cones]] are open type [[sporophyll]]s 25–50 cm long, brown, each with 6-12 ovules each. The [[Leaf|lamina]] is triangular ending in a sharp narrow spine. The male cones are solitary, erect, 20–25 cm long and 12–15 cm diameter. |
||
The name derives from the Latin angulatus, which translates as "angular", referring to the leaflet arrangement on the leaf petiole. |
The name derives from the Latin angulatus, which translates as "angular", referring to the leaflet arrangement on the leaf petiole. |
||
==Cultivation== |
==Cultivation== |
||
It is occasionally grown as an [[ornamental plant]]; seeds are presently available for buyers. |
It is occasionally grown as an [[ornamental plant]]; seeds are presently available for buyers. |
||
==As |
==As food== |
||
The seed-like kernels of the cycad palm were eaten by aboriginal |
The seed-like kernels of the cycad palm were eaten by aboriginal Australians because of the seed's high starch content. The seeds ripened during the dry season, when other foods consumed by native hunter-gatherers were scarce. A large grove represented a huge natural food source, and would be exploited by several native band groups. In its natural state the seed is highly toxic to mammals. The Australians recognized this danger, and responded by two methods. They removed the toxins by leaching with water for three to five days and then baking the starch; or they allowed the kernels to ferment before cooking and eating them. Note that the kernels contain carcinogens, and are not recommended for human consumption, even prepared through traditional methods.<ref>Oliver, Douglas L. (1989) Oceania: Native Cultures of Australia and the Pacific Islands, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 175-6.</ref> |
||
==References== |
==References== |
||
*[http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/cycadpg?taxname=Cycas+angulata Cycad Pages: ''Cycas angulata''] |
*[http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/cycadpg?taxname=Cycas+angulata Cycad Pages: ''Cycas angulata''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085905/http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/cycadpg?taxname=Cycas+angulata |date=27 September 2011 }} |
||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3284226}} |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cycas Angulata}} |
|||
[[Category:Cycas|angulata]] |
|||
[[Category:Cycadophyta of Australia]] |
[[Category:Cycadophyta of Australia]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Endemic flora of Australia]] |
||
[[Category:Flora of the Northern Territory]] |
[[Category:Flora of the Northern Territory]] |
||
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]] |
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]] |
||
[[Category:Least concern flora of Australia]] |
[[Category:Least concern flora of Australia]] |
||
[[Category:Least concern biota of Queensland]] |
[[Category:Least concern biota of Queensland]] |
||
[[Category:Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)]] |
|||
{{Cycad-stub}} |
|||
{{Australia-plant-stub}} |
|||
Latest revision as of 08:24, 5 August 2024
| Cycas angulata | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Cycadophyta |
| Class: | Cycadopsida |
| Order: | Cycadales |
| Family: | Cycadaceae |
| Genus: | Cycas |
| Species: | C. angulata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cycas angulata | |
Cycas angulata is a species of cycad in the genus Cycas, native to Australia in northeast Northern Territory (lower reaches of the Foelsche, Robinson and Wearyan Rivers near Borroloola) and northwest Queensland (Bountiful Islands).
It is the largest Australian Cycas species, with arborescent and frequently branched stems growing to 5 m (rarely 12 m) tall, and 15–25 cm in diameter. Older specimens lose the leaf base scars and gain a more checkerboard appearance. The leaves are 1.1-1.7 m long, pinnate with 180-320 leaflets, the leaflets 14–23 cm long and 4.5-6.5 mm wide, grey-green to glaucous; there are to 40 leaves in the crown. The leaf petioles are armed with spines in younger individuals (a few millimetres long) with this trait being lost in older individuals.
The female cones are open type sporophylls 25–50 cm long, brown, each with 6-12 ovules each. The lamina is triangular ending in a sharp narrow spine. The male cones are solitary, erect, 20–25 cm long and 12–15 cm diameter.
The name derives from the Latin angulatus, which translates as "angular", referring to the leaflet arrangement on the leaf petiole.
Cultivation
[edit]It is occasionally grown as an ornamental plant; seeds are presently available for buyers.
As food
[edit]The seed-like kernels of the cycad palm were eaten by aboriginal Australians because of the seed's high starch content. The seeds ripened during the dry season, when other foods consumed by native hunter-gatherers were scarce. A large grove represented a huge natural food source, and would be exploited by several native band groups. In its natural state the seed is highly toxic to mammals. The Australians recognized this danger, and responded by two methods. They removed the toxins by leaching with water for three to five days and then baking the starch; or they allowed the kernels to ferment before cooking and eating them. Note that the kernels contain carcinogens, and are not recommended for human consumption, even prepared through traditional methods.[2]
References
[edit]- Cycad Pages: Cycas angulata Archived 27 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Hill, K.D. (2010). "Cycas angulata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T41981A10591752. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
- ^ Oliver, Douglas L. (1989) Oceania: Native Cultures of Australia and the Pacific Islands, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 175-6.
 | This cycad article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 | This Australian plant article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |