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'''Jaunė''' ({{langx|be|Еўна}}, {{langx|lt|Jaunė}}, literally, ''young woman'' in Lithuanian; died ca. 1344) was daughter of Prince Ivan of [[Polatsk]] and wife of [[Gediminas]], the [[List of rulers of Lithuania|Grand Duke]] of [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]] (1316–1341). She is mentioned in written sources only once – the ''[[Bychowiec Chronicle]]'', a late and unreliable source. Therefore, some historians cast a serious doubt on her existence, but modern reference works still widely cite her as the ancestress of the [[Gediminids]] dynasty. |
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There are considerable doubts about how many wives Gediminas had. The ''Bychowiec Chronicle'' mentions three wives: Vida from [[Courland]], Olga from [[Smolensk]], and Jaunė.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Lietuvių enciklopedija | title=Jaunė |first=Zenonas |last=Ivinskis | location=Boston, Massachusetts | publisher=Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla |year=1953–1966 |volume=IX |page=335 | lccn=55020366 |lang=lt}}</ref> Some modern historians suggest that Gediminas had two wives, one from local [[Lithuanian mythology|pagan]] nobles, and Jaunė, an [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]]. S. C. Rowell claims that Gediminas had only one wife, an unknown pagan duchess. He argues that an important marriage to a Ruthenian or Polish princess like Jaunė would have been noted in contemporary sources.<ref>{{cite book | title=Lithuania Ascending: A Pagan Empire Within East-Central Europe, 1295-1345 | first=S.C.| last=Rowell | year=1994 | publisher=Cambridge University Press | series=Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series| isbn=978-0-521-45011-9 | page=88 }}</ref> |
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[[Image:Slupy Giedymina.png|thumb|right|111px|[[Flag]] of [[Giedymin]]]] |
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The ''Bychowiec Chronicle'' mentions that after Jaunė's death, brothers [[Algirdas]] and [[Kęstutis]] became displeased with [[Jaunutis]], whom Gediminas chose as his heir. Soon they deposed Jaunutis. This episode is interpreted that weak Jaunutis was protected by his mother. If such interpretation was accurate, then it would testify the power and influence of [[queen mother]] in pagan Lithuania.<ref>Rowell, S.C. ''Lithuania Ascending'', p. 282</ref> |
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[[Image:Herb Pogon Litewska.jpg|thumb|right|111px|[[Pogon Litewska Coat of Arms|Coat of Arms of]] [[Gediminids|Giedyminowicze]]]] |
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'''Jewna''' (? [[Połock]] – [[1344]]) was the [[Grand Princess]] of [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]], [[Ruthenia]] and [[Eldership of Samogitia|Samogitia]] [[1316]] – [[1341]], [[daughter]] of [[Prince]] [[Iwan Połocki]], [[wife]] of [[Giedymin]], the ancestress of [[Gediminids|Giedyminowicze]]. |
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*[[Family of Gediminas]] – probable family tree of Jaunė |
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==References== |
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<div style="float: right; margin: 1em 1em 0 0; padding: 0.5em; background: #fffff4; border: 1px solid #ddddbb; width: 250px;"> |
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{{reflist}} |
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'''[http://litopys.org.ua/psrl3235/lytov08.htm Chronika Bichowcja]''' |
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{{Royal consorts of Lithuania|state=collapsed}} |
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<small> |
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''Y [[Grand Prince|kniaziu welikomu]] [[Olgierd]]u, starszemu bratu ich, y kniaziu welikomu [[Kęstutis|Kieystutiu]] ne spodobałosia im na [[Wilno|Wilni]] y na kniastwe [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Litowskom]] dla nekotorych pryczyn, bo kniahinia Jewna umerła.'' |
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:''[[Ruthenian language|(Ruthenian language)]]'' |
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</small></div> |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaune}} |
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== Father == |
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[[Category:Year of birth unknown]] |
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:[[Iwan Połocki]] |
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== Husband == |
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[[Image:Lidacastle.jpg|thumb|222px|[[Giedymin]]'s [[castle]] in [[Lida]]]] |
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:[[Giedymin]] (Gediminas; ca [[1275]] – winter [[1341]] under [[Wielon]]), Grand Prince of Lithuania, [[King]] of [[Litvins]] and [[Ruthenians]] [[1316]] – [[1341]] |
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== Sons == |
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:[[Monwid]] (ca [[1288]] – ca [[1342]]), Prince of [[Kiernow]] and [[Slonim]] |
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:[[Narymunt]] (Gleb, Dawid; ca [[1295]] – [[2 February]] [[1348]]), Prince of [[Pinsk]] 13?? – [[1348]], [[Polock]], [[Black Ruthenia]] |
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:[[Algirdas|Olgierd]] (Algirdas; ca [[1296]] – end of [[May]] [[1377]]), Grand Prince of Lithuania [[1345]] – [[1377]] |
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:[[Jaunutis|Jewnut]] (Jaunutis, Iwan; ca [[1300]] – after [[1366]]), Grand Prince of Lithuania [[1341]] – [[1345]], Prince of [[Izjaslawl]] [[1346]] – [[1366]] |
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:[[Kęstutis|Kiejstut]] (Kestutis; [[1297]] – [[15 August]] [[1382]] [[Krewo|Krewa]]), Prince of [[Trock]], Grand Prince of Lithuania [[1381]] – [[1382]] |
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:[[Koriat]] (Michal; ca [[1300]] – ca [[1362]]), Prince of [[Navahradak|Nowohorodok]] [[1341]] – [[1347]] |
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:[[Lubart]] (Lubko, Lubartas, Dymitr; ca [[1300]] – [[1384]]), Prince of [[Polock]] 13?? – [[1342]], [[Volodymyr-Volyns'kyi|Wlodzimierz]], [[Luck]] [[1340]] – 138?, [[Volynia|Wolynia]] [[1340]] – [[1349]], [[1350]] – [[1366]], [[1371]] – [[1383]], King of [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicja]] (independent kingdom [[1253]] – [[1349]]) [[1340]] – [[1349]] |
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== Daughters == |
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:[[Maria of Lithuania|Maria]] (ca [[1300]] – [[1349]]), [[Princess]] of Lithuania |
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:[[Aldona Ona|Aldona]] (Anna; after [[1309]] – [[26 May]] [[1339]]), Princess of Lithuania, [[Queen consort|Queen]] of [[Piast Poland|Poland]] [[1333]] – [[1339]] |
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:[[Damilla]] (Elzbieta; [[14th century]] – [[1364]]), Princess of [[Plock]] |
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:[[Eufemia]] ([[14th century]] – [[5 February]] [[1342]]), Princess of [[Halicz]] and [[Volodymyr-Volyns'kyi|Wlodzimierz]]-[[Halicz]] |
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:[[Augusta-Anastazja|Augusta]] (Anastazja; [[14th century]] – [[11 March]] [[1345]]), Grand Princess of [[Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]]-[[Moscow]] |
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== Courtiers (''Дружини'') == |
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*[[Anna Wołyńska|Anna]] (''Анна'', ''Єфемії'', ''Агрипіні'', ''Агрофіні'') ([[?]] - [[1349]]), daughter of [[Lew Jerzewicz Wołyński|Lew Wołyński]] or [[Andrzei Jerzewicz Wołyński|Andrzei Wołyński]]. Married [[1331]]. |
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*[[Agafia Rostowska|Agafia]] (''Агафія'', ''Ольга''), daughter of [[Konstantin Iwanowicz Rostowski|Konstantin Rostowski]], [[niece]] of [[Szymon Iwanowicz Rostowski|Szymon Rostowski]]. Married [[1349]]. |
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*[[Palemonowicze]] |
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== External link == |
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:[http://www.jurzak.pl/gendyna.pl?kd=4&oa=000461 Jewna] |
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[[Category:1344 deaths]] |
[[Category:1344 deaths]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Gediminids]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Grand duchesses of Lithuania]] |
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[[Category:14th-century Lithuanian women]] |
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[[Category:13th-century Lithuanian women]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:17, 1 December 2024
Jaunė (Belarusian: Еўна, Lithuanian: Jaunė, literally, young woman in Lithuanian; died ca. 1344) was daughter of Prince Ivan of Polatsk and wife of Gediminas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania (1316–1341). She is mentioned in written sources only once – the Bychowiec Chronicle, a late and unreliable source. Therefore, some historians cast a serious doubt on her existence, but modern reference works still widely cite her as the ancestress of the Gediminids dynasty.
There are considerable doubts about how many wives Gediminas had. The Bychowiec Chronicle mentions three wives: Vida from Courland, Olga from Smolensk, and Jaunė.[1] Some modern historians suggest that Gediminas had two wives, one from local pagan nobles, and Jaunė, an Orthodox. S. C. Rowell claims that Gediminas had only one wife, an unknown pagan duchess. He argues that an important marriage to a Ruthenian or Polish princess like Jaunė would have been noted in contemporary sources.[2]
The Bychowiec Chronicle mentions that after Jaunė's death, brothers Algirdas and Kęstutis became displeased with Jaunutis, whom Gediminas chose as his heir. Soon they deposed Jaunutis. This episode is interpreted that weak Jaunutis was protected by his mother. If such interpretation was accurate, then it would testify the power and influence of queen mother in pagan Lithuania.[3]
See also
[edit]- Family of Gediminas – probable family tree of Jaunė
- Gediminids
References
[edit]- ^ Ivinskis, Zenonas (1953–1966). "Jaunė". Lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Vol. IX. Boston, Massachusetts: Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla. p. 335. LCCN 55020366.
- ^ Rowell, S.C. (1994). Lithuania Ascending: A Pagan Empire Within East-Central Europe, 1295-1345. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series. Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-521-45011-9.
- ^ Rowell, S.C. Lithuania Ascending, p. 282