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{{infobox officeholder
⚫
[[Image:Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel 045.jpg|thumb|Alexander von Schleinitz (portrait study by [[Adolph Menzel]], 1865)]]
⚫
| name = Alexander Gustav Adolf von Schleinitz
| image = Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel 045.jpg
⚫
| caption = Alexander von Schleinitz (portrait study by [[Adolph Menzel]], 1865)
| office = [[:de:Minister des königlichen Hauses (Preußen)|Prussian Minister of the Royal Household]]
| term_start = 12 October 1861
| term_end = 19 February 1885
| monarch = [[William I, German Emperor|William I]]
| predecessor = Ludwig von Massow
| successor = [[Otto Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode]]
| office2 = [[Foreign Minister of Prussia]]
| term_start2 = 19 June
| term_end2 = 25 June 1848
| monarch2 = [[Frederick William IV of Prussia|Frederick William IV]]
| predecessor2 = [[Heinrich Alexander von Arnim]]
| successor2 = [[Rudolf von Auerswald]]
| term_start3 = 21 July 1849
| term_end3 = 26 September 1850
| monarch3 = Frederick William IV
| predecessor3 = [[Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg|Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg]]
| successor3 = [[Joseph von Radowitz]]
| term_start4 = 6 November 1858
| term_end4 = 12 October 1861
| monarch4 = Frederick William IV<br>William I
| predecessor4 = [[Otto Theodor von Manteuffel]]
| successor4 = [[Albrecht von Bernstorff (diplomat, born 1809)|Albrecht von Bernstorff]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1807|12|29|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Blankenburg am Harz]], [[Kingdom of Westphalia]]
| death_date = {{dda|1885|02|19|1807|12|29|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Berlin]], [[German Empire]]
| alma_mater =
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Marie von Schleinitz|Marie von Buch]]<br>|1865 ||reason=}}
| children =
| relations =
}}
[[File:Marie Schleinitz 03.jpg|thumb|Countess [[Marie von Schleinitz]], Alexander's wife. Painting by [[Franz von Lenbach]], 1873]]
[[File:Marie Schleinitz 03.jpg|thumb|Countess [[Marie von Schleinitz]], Alexander's wife. Painting by [[Franz von Lenbach]], 1873]]
'''Alexander Gustav Adolf Graf von Schleinitz''' (born 29 December 1807 in [[Blankenburg am Harz]]; died 19 February 1885 in [[Berlin]]) was the [[Foreign Minister of Prussia]] from 1858 to 1861 and minister for the royal household from late 1861 to his death.
'''Alexander Gustav Adolf Graf{{efn|{{German title Graf}}}} von Schleinitz''' (29 December 1807, [[Blankenburg am Harz]] – 19 February 1885, [[Berlin]]) was the [[Foreign Minister of Prussia]] from 1858 to 1861 and minister for the royal household from late 1861 to his death.


== Life ==
== Life ==
=== Early years ===
=== Early years ===
He came from an old aristocratic family from the [[Margraviate of Meissen]] that was elevated to the rank of ''[[Reichsfreiherr]]'' already in the 16th century; his father was the ''Regierungspräsident'' of Blankenburg, and later minister of state in the [[Duchy of Brunswick]], [[Karl Ferdinand Freiherr von Schleinitz]] (1756-1837); his mother was Barbara von Hochstetter (1768-1819). He was the brother of the minister of state of Brunswick, Wilhelm von Schleinitz (1794-1856), and of the Prussian ''Regierungspräsident'' Julius von Schleinitz (1806-1865).
He came from an old aristocratic family from the [[Margraviate of Meissen]] that was elevated to the rank of ''[[Reichsfreiherr]]'' already in the 16th century; his father was the ''Regierungspräsident'' of Blankenburg, and later minister of state in the [[Duchy of Brunswick]], [[Karl Ferdinand Freiherr von Schleinitz]] (1756–1837); his mother was Barbara von Hochstetter (1768–1819). He was the brother of the minister of state of Brunswick, Wilhelm von Schleinitz (1794–1856), and of the Prussian ''Regierungspräsident'' Julius von Schleinitz (1806–1865).


Schleinitz studied in Göttingen and Berlin, and joined the Prussian civil service in 1828. In 1835 he became an embassy attaché, in 1841 he was made an Expert Councillor (''Vortragender Rat'') in the foreign ministry. In July 1848 he replaced [[Heinrich Alexander von Arnim]] as Foreign Minister, thus joining the government of [[Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen]]. However, after a few days he resigned from his post, and subsequently represented Prussia at the court of Hannover.
Schleinitz studied in Göttingen and Berlin, and joined the Prussian civil service in 1828. In 1835 he became an embassy attaché, in 1841 he was made an Expert Councillor (''Vortragender Rat'') in the foreign ministry. In July 1848 he replaced [[Heinrich Alexander von Arnim]] as Foreign Minister, thus joining the government of [[Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen]]. However, after a few days he resigned from his post, and subsequently represented Prussia at the court of Hannover.
Line 12: Line 46:
In May 1849 he negotiated the peace treaty with Denmark, and in July 1849 once again took up the position of Foreign Minister in the government of [[Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg]]. However, since his German patriotic views were not compatible with the way Prussian politics was developing, he retired from public service on 26 September 1850 as a ''[[Geheimrat|Wirklicher Geheimer Rat]]'', and from then lived near Koblenz in close contact with the court of the Prince of Prussia, and at Schloss Gebesee in [[Thuringia]].
In May 1849 he negotiated the peace treaty with Denmark, and in July 1849 once again took up the position of Foreign Minister in the government of [[Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg]]. However, since his German patriotic views were not compatible with the way Prussian politics was developing, he retired from public service on 26 September 1850 as a ''[[Geheimrat|Wirklicher Geheimer Rat]]'', and from then lived near Koblenz in close contact with the court of the Prince of Prussia, and at Schloss Gebesee in [[Thuringia]].


After the Prince-Regent, the later King and Emperor Wilhelm I, assumed control of the government, Schleinitz, who was one of the King's closest confidants, once again took over the Foreign Ministry, in the Prince-Regent's government of the "New Era" that was called together in November 1858. The main tenets of his foreign policy were the attempt to form an alliance with England and Austria, the maintenance of the balance of power in Europe and a strengthening of Prussia's role in Germany. The domestic problems of the liberal government moved him to leave the government in October 1861 and take over the Ministry of the Royal Household, where he remained to his death in 1885. From then onwards he was the arch-enemy of [[Otto von Bismarck]], who became Prime Minister of Prussia in 1862. Prussian Liberals, as well as Bismarck himself at times saw the Household Ministry as a "Counter-Government" of Queen [[Augusta of Saxe-Weimar|Augusta]], to the King's conservative government.
After the Prince-Regent, the later King and Emperor Wilhelm I, assumed control of the government, Schleinitz, who was one of the King's closest confidants, once again took over the Foreign Ministry, in the Prince-Regent's government of the "New Era" that was called together in November 1858. The main tenets of his foreign policy were the attempt to form an alliance with Britain and Austria, the maintenance of the balance of power in Europe and a strengthening of Prussia's role in Germany. The domestic problems of the liberal government moved him to leave the government in October 1861 and take over the Ministry of the Royal Household, where he remained to his death in 1885. From then onwards he was the arch-enemy of [[Otto von Bismarck]], who became Prime Minister of Prussia in 1862. Prussian Liberals, as well as Bismarck himself at times saw the Household Ministry as a "Counter-Government" of Queen [[Augusta of Saxe-Weimar|Augusta]], to the King's conservative government.


On the occasion of the Emperor's and Empress' golden wedding anniversary, Schleinitz and his wife were elevated to the rank of ''[[Graf]]'' ([[Count]]) on 11 June 1879.
On the occasion of the Emperor's and Empress' golden wedding anniversary, Schleinitz and his wife were elevated to the rank of ''[[Graf]]'' ([[Count]]) on 11 June 1879.


==Marriage==
==Marriage==
From 1865, Alexander von Schleinitz was married to [[Marie von Schleinitz|Marie von Buch]] (1842-1912), who was 35 years younger than him. As ''Gräfin Schleinitz'' she became the most important salonière of the time in Berlin. Along with "Mimi", as she was known, he championed [[Richard Wagner]] and the [[Bayreuth Festival]].
From 1865, Alexander von Schleinitz was married to [[Marie von Schleinitz|Marie von Buch]] (1842–1912), who was 35 years younger than he was. As ''Gräfin Schleinitz'' she became the most important salonière of the time in Berlin. Along with "Mimi", as she was known, he championed [[Richard Wagner]] and the [[Bayreuth Festival]].


They had no children. Their joint grave, which has not been preserved, is in the Trinity Church Cemetery in Berlin.
They had no children. Their joint grave, which has not been preserved, is in the [[Holy Trinity Church (Berlin)#Cemeteries|Trinity Church Cemetery No. 1]] in Berlin.

==Honours and awards==
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg}} [[Kingdom of Prussia]]:<ref name="staatshandbuch">{{citation|title=Handbuch über den Königlich Preußischen Hof und Staat für das Jahr 1884|year=1884|page=[https://archive.org/details/handbuchberdenk00unkngoog/page/6/mode/2up 7]|location=Berlin|language=German|publisher=In Kommission bei R. v. Decker's Verlag}}</ref>
** Knight of Honour of the [[Johanniter Order]], ''11 August 1841''<ref name="prus1">{{citation|title=Königlich Preussische Ordensliste|volume=1|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878864&view=1up&seq=5&skin=2021|pages=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878864&view=1up&seq=17&skin=2021 13], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878864&view=1up&seq=35&skin=2021 31], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878864&view=1up&seq=585&skin=2021 573], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878864&view=1up&seq=935&skin=2021 923], [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015049878864&view=1up&seq=998&skin=2021 986]|lang=German|location=Berlin|publisher=Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei|year=1877|via=hathitrust.org}}</ref>
** Knight of the [[Order of the Crown (Prussia)|Royal Crown Order]], 1st Class, ''18 October 1861''; with Enamel Band of the Red Eagle Order and Oak Leaves, ''1865''<ref name="prus1"/>
** [[Order of the Red Eagle|Grand Cross of the Red Eagle]], with Oak Leaves, ''30 December 1864''<ref name="prus1"/>
** Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal [[House Order of Hohenzollern]], ''5 October 1867''<ref name="prus1"/>
** [[Iron Cross]] (1870), 2nd Class
** [[Order of the Black Eagle|Knight of the Black Eagle]], ''3 April 1872''; with Collar, ''1873''<ref name="prus1"/>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Sigmaringen.png}} [[Hohenzollern]]: Cross of Honour of the [[House Order of Hohenzollern#Princely House Order|Princely House Order of Hohenzollern]], 1st Class<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flag|Anhalt}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Albert the Bear]], ''18 December 1865''<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt'' (1867) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TYEp3N5O48EC&pg=PA21 21]</ref>
* {{flag|Baden}}: [[Order of the Zähringer Lion|Grand Cross of the Zähringer Lion]], ''1850''<ref>{{citation|title=Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden|year=1869|chapter=Großherzogliche Orden|page=[https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1873364 85]|location=Karlsruhe|language=German}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Bavaria}}: [[Order of Saint Hubert|Knight of St. Hubert]], ''1860''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJljAAAAcAAJ&q=Hof-%20und%20Staats-handbuch%20des%20K%C3%B6nigreichs%20Bayern&pg=PA11 |title=Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern |date=1867 |publisher=Königl. Oberpostamt |page=11 |language=de |access-date=2019-07-15}}</ref>
* {{flag|Brunswick}}: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Henry the Lion]]<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flagicon|Saxe-Coburg and Gotha}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Altenburg}} {{flagicon|Saxe-Meiningen}} [[Ernestine duchies]]: Grand Cross of the [[Saxe-Ernestine House Order]], in Diamonds, ''March 1850''<ref>{{citation|title=Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg|year=1869|chapter=Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden|page=[https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00243702/Parladrusa_Staatshandbuch_SA_166810592_1869_0037.tif?logicalDiv=jportal_jparticle_00472815 23]|via=zs.thulb.uni-jena.de}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Hanover}}: Grand Cross of the [[Royal Guelphic Order]], ''1861''<ref name="Hannover1865">{{Cite book |last=Staat Hannover |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_bAFTAAAAcAAJ |title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865 |publisher=Berenberg |date=1865 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_bAFTAAAAcAAJ/page/79/mode/2up 79-80]}}</ref>
* {{Flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg}} [[Mecklenburg]]: [[House Order of the Wendish Crown|Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown]], with Golden Crown<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flagicon|Nassau}} [[House of Nassau-Weilburg|Nassau Ducal Family]]: [[Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau|Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau]]
* {{flag|Oldenburg}}: Grand Cross of the [[House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis|Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig]], with Golden Crown and Collar, ''18 February 1878''<ref>{{Cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AD6sPIakAuMC&pg=PR1 |title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: 1879 |chapter=Der Großherzogliche Haus-und Verdienst-orden des Herzogs Peter Friedrich Ludwig |location=Oldenburg |publisher=Schulze |date=1879 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=AD6sPIakAuMC&pg=PA36 36] |access-date=22 June 2020}}</ref>
* {{flag|Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach}}: [[Order of the White Falcon|Grand Cross of the White Falcon]], ''20 May 1850''<ref>{{citation|title=Staatshandbuch ... Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach|year=1864|language=German|chapter=Großherzogliche Hausorden|page=[https://zs.thulb.uni-jena.de/rsc/viewer/jportal_derivate_00285409/Staatshandbuch_Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach_1864_0024.tif?logicalDiv=jportal_jparticle_01121199 14]|location=Weimar|publisher=Böhlau|via=zs.thulb.uni-jena.de}}</ref>
* {{flag|Austrian Empire}}: Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian [[Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary|Order of St. Stephen]], ''1860''<ref>{{citation|chapter-url=https://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=shb&datum=1879&page=246&size=45|chapter=Ritter-Orden: St. Stephans-orden|title=Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie|date=1879|access-date=2 September 2021|page=66|location=Vienna|via=alex.onb.ac.at}}</ref>
* {{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]]<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[Second French Empire|French Empire]]: Grand Cross of the [[Legion of Honour]], ''November 1861''<ref>{{cite book| author = M. & B. Wattel | title = Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers |location= Paris |date = 2009 |publisher= Archives & Culture | page = 509 | isbn = 978-2-35077-135-9}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}: [[Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus|Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus]]<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flag|Netherlands}}: [[Order of the Netherlands Lion|Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion]]<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flag|Ottoman Empire}}:<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
** [[Order of Distinction (Ottoman Empire)|Order of Distinction]]
** [[Order of the Medjidie]], 1st Class
** [[Order of Osmanieh]], 1st Class
* {{flag|Kingdom of Portugal}}: [[Order of the Tower and Sword|Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword]], in Diamonds<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
* {{flag|Russian Empire|1858}}:<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
** [[Order of St. Andrew|Knight of St. Andrew]]
** [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky|Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky]], in Diamonds
* {{flag|Two Sicilies}}: [[Order of Saint Januarius|Knight of St. Januarius]]<ref name="staatshandbuch"/>
}}


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
{{German title Graf}}


== Sources ==
== References ==
===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Literature===
* Bastian Peiffer, ''Alexander von Schleinitz und die preußische Außenpolitik 1858-1861''. Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt am Main/Berlin/Bern/Bruxelles/New York/Oxford/Wien 2012, {{ISBN|978-3-631-62354-1}}.
* [[Otto von Bismarck]]: ''Gedanken und Erinnerungen'', ed. Ernst Friedlaender. Stuttgart 1959.
* [[Otto von Bismarck]]: ''Gedanken und Erinnerungen'', ed. Ernst Friedlaender. Stuttgart 1959.
* Otto Freiherr von Schleinitz (ed.): ''Aus den Papieren der Familie v. Schleinitz. Mit einer Vorbemerkung von Fedor von Zobeltitz''. Berlin 1904.
* Otto Freiherr von Schleinitz (ed.): ''Aus den Papieren der Familie v. Schleinitz. Mit einer Vorbemerkung von Fedor von Zobeltitz''. Berlin 1904.



{{PrussianFMs}}
{{PrussianFMs}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Schleinitz, Alexander von}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schleinitz, Alexander von}}
[[Category:1807 births]]
[[Category:1807 births]]
[[Category:1885 deaths]]
[[Category:1885 deaths]]
[[Category:Counts in Germany]]

[[Category:Prussian diplomats]]
[[Category:Prussian diplomats]]
[[Category:Prussian politicians]]
[[Category:Prussian politicians]]
[[Category:People from the Harz]]

[[Category:Foreign ministers of Prussia]]
⚫
[[de:Alexander von Schleinitz]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870), 2nd class]]
[[nl:Alexander von Schleinitz]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 1st class]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary]]
[[Category:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion]]

Latest revision as of 08:25, 4 September 2024

Alexander Gustav Adolf von Schleinitz
Alexander von Schleinitz (portrait study by Adolph Menzel, 1865)
Prussian Minister of the Royal Household
In office
12 October 1861 – 19 February 1885
MonarchWilliam I
Preceded byLudwig von Massow
Succeeded byOtto Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode
Foreign Minister of Prussia
In office
19 June – 25 June 1848
MonarchFrederick William IV
Preceded byHeinrich Alexander von Arnim
Succeeded byRudolf von Auerswald
In office
21 July 1849 – 26 September 1850
MonarchFrederick William IV
Preceded byFriedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg
Succeeded byJoseph von Radowitz
In office
6 November 1858 – 12 October 1861
MonarchsFrederick William IV
William I
Preceded byOtto Theodor von Manteuffel
Succeeded byAlbrecht von Bernstorff
Personal details
Born(1807-12-29)29 December 1807
Blankenburg am Harz, Kingdom of Westphalia
Died19 February 1885(1885-02-19) (aged 77)
Berlin, German Empire
Spouse
​
​
(after 1865)​
Countess Marie von Schleinitz, Alexander's wife. Painting by Franz von Lenbach, 1873

Alexander Gustav Adolf Graf[a] von Schleinitz (29 December 1807, Blankenburg am Harz – 19 February 1885, Berlin) was the Foreign Minister of Prussia from 1858 to 1861 and minister for the royal household from late 1861 to his death.

Life

[edit]

Early years

[edit]

He came from an old aristocratic family from the Margraviate of Meissen that was elevated to the rank of Reichsfreiherr already in the 16th century; his father was the Regierungspräsident of Blankenburg, and later minister of state in the Duchy of Brunswick, Karl Ferdinand Freiherr von Schleinitz (1756–1837); his mother was Barbara von Hochstetter (1768–1819). He was the brother of the minister of state of Brunswick, Wilhelm von Schleinitz (1794–1856), and of the Prussian Regierungspräsident Julius von Schleinitz (1806–1865).

Schleinitz studied in Göttingen and Berlin, and joined the Prussian civil service in 1828. In 1835 he became an embassy attaché, in 1841 he was made an Expert Councillor (Vortragender Rat) in the foreign ministry. In July 1848 he replaced Heinrich Alexander von Arnim as Foreign Minister, thus joining the government of Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen. However, after a few days he resigned from his post, and subsequently represented Prussia at the court of Hannover.

Political career

[edit]

In May 1849 he negotiated the peace treaty with Denmark, and in July 1849 once again took up the position of Foreign Minister in the government of Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg. However, since his German patriotic views were not compatible with the way Prussian politics was developing, he retired from public service on 26 September 1850 as a Wirklicher Geheimer Rat, and from then lived near Koblenz in close contact with the court of the Prince of Prussia, and at Schloss Gebesee in Thuringia.

After the Prince-Regent, the later King and Emperor Wilhelm I, assumed control of the government, Schleinitz, who was one of the King's closest confidants, once again took over the Foreign Ministry, in the Prince-Regent's government of the "New Era" that was called together in November 1858. The main tenets of his foreign policy were the attempt to form an alliance with Britain and Austria, the maintenance of the balance of power in Europe and a strengthening of Prussia's role in Germany. The domestic problems of the liberal government moved him to leave the government in October 1861 and take over the Ministry of the Royal Household, where he remained to his death in 1885. From then onwards he was the arch-enemy of Otto von Bismarck, who became Prime Minister of Prussia in 1862. Prussian Liberals, as well as Bismarck himself at times saw the Household Ministry as a "Counter-Government" of Queen Augusta, to the King's conservative government.

On the occasion of the Emperor's and Empress' golden wedding anniversary, Schleinitz and his wife were elevated to the rank of Graf (Count) on 11 June 1879.

Marriage

[edit]

From 1865, Alexander von Schleinitz was married to Marie von Buch (1842–1912), who was 35 years younger than he was. As Gräfin Schleinitz she became the most important salonière of the time in Berlin. Along with "Mimi", as she was known, he championed Richard Wagner and the Bayreuth Festival.

They had no children. Their joint grave, which has not been preserved, is in the Trinity Church Cemetery No. 1 in Berlin.

Honours and awards

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Regarding personal names: Until 1919, Graf was a title, translated as 'Count', not a first or middle name. The female form is Gräfin. In Germany, it has formed part of family names since 1919.

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Handbuch über den Königlich Preußischen Hof und Staat für das Jahr 1884 (in German), Berlin: In Kommission bei R. v. Decker's Verlag, 1884, p. 7
  2. ^ a b c d e Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei, 1877, pp. 13, 31, 573, 923, 986 – via hathitrust.org
  3. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt (1867) "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 21
  4. ^ "Großherzogliche Orden", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (in German), Karlsruhe, 1869, p. 85{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German). Königl. Oberpostamt. 1867. p. 11. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
  6. ^ "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden", Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg, 1869, p. 23 – via zs.thulb.uni-jena.de
  7. ^ Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865. Berenberg. pp. 79-80.
  8. ^ "Der Großherzogliche Haus-und Verdienst-orden des Herzogs Peter Friedrich Ludwig". Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: 1879. Oldenburg: Schulze. 1879. p. 36. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  9. ^ "Großherzogliche Hausorden", Staatshandbuch ... Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (in German), Weimar: Böhlau, 1864, p. 14 – via zs.thulb.uni-jena.de
  10. ^ "Ritter-Orden: St. Stephans-orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, Vienna, 1879, p. 66, retrieved 2 September 2021 – via alex.onb.ac.at{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ M. & B. Wattel (2009). Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers. Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 509. ISBN 978-2-35077-135-9.

Literature

[edit]
  • Bastian Peiffer, Alexander von Schleinitz und die preußische Außenpolitik 1858-1861. Peter Lang Verlag, Frankfurt am Main/Berlin/Bern/Bruxelles/New York/Oxford/Wien 2012, ISBN 978-3-631-62354-1.
  • Otto von Bismarck: Gedanken und Erinnerungen, ed. Ernst Friedlaender. Stuttgart 1959.
  • Otto Freiherr von Schleinitz (ed.): Aus den Papieren der Familie v. Schleinitz. Mit einer Vorbemerkung von Fedor von Zobeltitz. Berlin 1904.
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