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{{Use American English|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox Standard
{{Short description|Song by Harold Arlen and Yip Harburg published in 1939}}
| title = Over The Rainbow
{{About|the 1939 song|other uses}}
| image = Judy Garland Over the Rainbow.jpg
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2024}}
| image_size = 170
{{Infobox song
| caption =
| name = Over the Rainbow
| writer =
| cover = Judy Garland Over the Rainbow 2.jpg
| composer = [[Harold Arlen]]
| caption = Judy Garland singing "Over the Rainbow" in ''[[The Wizard of Oz]]''
| lyricist = [[E.Y. Harburg]]
| alt =
| published = 1939
| genre = [[Pop]]
| type = song
| language = [[English language|English]]
| artist = [[Judy Garland]]
| album =
| original_artist = [[Judy Garland]]
| published = 1939 by [[Leo Feist, Inc.]]
| recorded_by = See [[Over the Rainbow#Covers|Covers]]
| released =
| recorded =
| studio =
| genre =
| length =
| label =
| composer = [[Harold Arlen]]
| lyricist = [[Yip Harburg|E.Y. Harburg]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| title =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}
}}
"'''Over the Rainbow'''" (often referred to as "Somewhere Over the Rainbow") is a classic ballad song with music by [[Harold Arlen]] and lyrics by [[E.Y. Harburg]]. It was written for the [[film|movie]] ''[[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|The Wizard of Oz]]'', and was sung by [[Judy Garland]] in that movie. Over time it would become Garland's signature song.


"'''Over the Rainbow'''", also known as "'''Somewhere Over the Rainbow'''", is a [[Sentimental ballad|ballad]] by [[Harold Arlen]] with lyrics by [[Yip Harburg]].<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums"/> It was written for the 1939 film ''[[The Wizard of Oz]]'', in which it was sung by actress [[Judy Garland]]<ref name="Gioia">{{cite book |last1=Gioia |first1=Ted |title=The Jazz Standards: A Guide to the Repertoire |date=2012 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York City |isbn=978-0-19-993739-4 |pages=328–330}}</ref> in her starring role as [[Dorothy Gale]].<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book| first= David| last= Roberts| year= 2006| title= British Hit Singles & Albums| edition= 19th| publisher= Guinness World Records Limited| location= London| isbn= 1-904994-10-5| page= 134}}</ref>
In the film, part of the song is played by the MGM orchestra over the [[opening credits]]. About 20 minutes later, Garland, in the role of [[Dorothy Gale]], sings ''Over the Rainbow'' after unsuccessfully trying to get her aunt and uncle to listen to her regarding an unpleasant incident involving Dorothy's dog [[Toto (Oz)|Toto]] and the nasty spinster Miss Gulch, whom Toto bit after she struck him with a rake. Dorothy's [[Aunt Em]] tells her to "find a place where you won't get yourself into any trouble", prompting the girl to walk off by herself and sing the song.


About five minutes into the film, Dorothy sings the song after failing to get [[Aunt Em]], [[Uncle Henry (Oz)|Uncle Henry]], and the farmhands to listen to her story of an unpleasant incident involving her dog, [[Toto (Oz)|Toto]], and the town spinster, Miss Gulch ([[Margaret Hamilton (actress)|Margaret Hamilton]]). Aunt Em tells her to "find yourself a place where you won't get into any trouble". This prompts her to walk off by herself, musing to Toto, "Someplace where there isn't any trouble. Do you suppose there is such a place, Toto? There must be. It's not a place you can get to by a boat, or a train. It's far, far away. Behind the moon, beyond the rain", at which point she begins singing.
==Influence==
The song is number one of the "[[Songs of the Century]]" list compiled by the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] and the [[National Endowment for the Arts]]. The American Film Institute also ranked ''Over the Rainbow'' the greatest movie song of all time on the list of "[[AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs]]". It was adopted (along with [[Irving Berlin]]'s "[[White Christmas (song)|White Christmas]]") by American troops in Europe in [[World War II]] as a symbol of the [[United States]].


"Over The Rainbow" won the [[Academy Award for Best Original Song]] and became Garland's [[signature song]]. It has been included in several all-time lists, and has been covered by several artists in varying languages. In 2017, it was selected for induction into the [[National Recording Registry]] by the [[Library of Congress]] as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
In April 2005, the United States Postal Service issued a commemorative stamp recognizing lyricist [[Yip Harburg]]'s accomplishments. The stamp pictures the opening lyric from ''Over the Rainbow.''


==Background==
==''The Wizard of Oz''==
Composer Harold Arlen and lyricist Yip Harburg often worked in tandem, Harburg generally suggesting an idea or title for Arlen to set to music, before Harburg contributed the lyrics.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Shapiro |first1=Gary |title='Over the Rainbow': The Story Behind the Song of the Century |url=https://news.columbia.edu/news/over-rainbow-story-behind-song-century |website=Columbia News |access-date=October 30, 2019}}</ref> For their work together on ''[[The Wizard of Oz]]'', Harburg claimed his inspiration was "a ballad for a little girl who... was in trouble and... wanted to get away from... Kansas. A dry, arid, colorless place. She had never seen anything colorful in her life except the rainbow". Arlen decided the idea needed "a melody with a long broad line".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Frisch |first1=Walter |title=Arlen and Harburg's Over the Rainbow |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=20}}</ref>
The song was deleted from the film after a preview, because MGM chief executive [[Louis B. Mayer]] thought the song "slowed down the picture" and that "our star sings it in a barnyard". Harold Arlen, who was at the preview, and executive producer [[Arthur Freed]] lobbied successfully to get the song sequence reinstated.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0032138/trivia</ref>


By the time all the other songs for the film had been written, Arlen was feeling the pressure of not having the song for the Kansas scene. He often carried blank pieces of music manuscript in his pockets to jot down short melodic ideas. Arlen described how the inspiration for the melody to "Over the Rainbow" came to him suddenly while his wife Anya drove:
A [[reprise]] of the song was deleted after being filmed. An additional chorus was to be sung by Dorothy while she was locked in a room in the witch's castle, helplessly awaiting death as the witch's hourglass ran out. However, although the visual portion of that reprise is presumably lost, the soundtrack of it survives and was included in the 2-CD Deluxe Edition of the film's soundtrack, released by [[Rhino Entertainment]]. In that extremely intense rendition, Dorothy weeps her way through it, unable to finish, concluding with a tear-filled, "I'm frightened, Auntie Em; I'm frightened." This phrase was retained in the film and is followed immediately by Auntie Em's brief appearance in the witch's crystal, where she is soon replaced by the visage of the witch, mocking and taunting Dorothy before turning toward the camera to laugh.


"I said to Mrs. Arlen... 'let's go to [[Grauman's Chinese Theatre|Grauman's Chinese]] ... You drive the car, I don't feel too well right now.' I wasn't thinking of work. I wasn't consciously thinking of work, I just wanted to relax. And as we drove by [[Schwab's Pharmacy|Schwab's Drug Store]] on [[Sunset Boulevard|Sunset]] I said, 'Pull over, please.' ... And we stopped and I really don't know why—bless the muses—and I took out my little bit of manuscript and put down what you know now as 'Over the Rainbow.'"<ref>{{cite book |last1=Alonso |first1=Harriet Hyman |title=Yip Harburg: Legendary Lyricist and Human Rights Activist |date=2012 |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |page=106}}</ref>
==Original Garland recordings==
[[Judy Garland]] first pre-recorded the song on the [[MGM]] soundstages on October 7, 1938. A [[studio recording]] of the song, not from the actual film soundtrack, was recorded and released as a single by [[Decca Records]] in September 1939. In March 1940, that same recording was included on a Decca 78-RPM four-record [[Studio recording|studio cast album]] entitled "The Wizard of Oz". Although this is not the version of the song featured in the film, Decca would continue to re-release the so-called "Cast Album" well into the 1960s after it was reissued as a single-record 33 1/3 RPM LP. Garland always performed the song without altering it, singing exactly as she did for the movie. She explained her fidelity by saying that she was staying true to the character of Dorothy and to the message of really being somewhere over the rainbow.<ref>[http://www.thejudyroom.com/discography/decca/oz78.html The Wizard of Oz (Decca label)] - The Judy Room.</ref>


The song was originally sung in [[A-flat major]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Garland |first1=Judy |title=Over the Rainbow |url=https://www.musicnotes.com/sheetmusic/mtd.asp?ppn=MN0076720 |website=MusicNotes |date=August 31, 2009 |access-date=March 9, 2020}}</ref> Arlen later wrote the contrasting bridge section based on the idea of "a child's piano exercise".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Frisch |first1=Walter |title=Arlen and Harburg's Over the Rainbow |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=22}}</ref> In the movie, a renowned [[Stradivarius]] violin was used in the accompaniment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 3, 2022 |title=Violin used for Wizard of Oz's Over the Rainbow expected to reach $20m at auction |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2022/jun/03/violin-used-to-play-over-the-rainbow-in-wizard-of-oz-expected-to-sell-for-more-than-20m |access-date=June 12, 2022 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref>
It was not until 1956, when [[MGM]] released the first true soundtrack album from the film, that the [[The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|film version]] of the song was made available to the public. The 1956 Soundtrack release was timed to coincide with the television premiere of the movie.<ref>[http://www.judy-garland.org/discography/soundtracks/ozlp.html The Wizard of Oz (MGM label)] - The Judy Room.</ref> The soundtrack version has been re-released several times over the years, including in a "Deluxe Edition" from [[Rhino Records]] in 1995.<ref>[http://www.judy-garland.org/discography/soundtracks/ozcddeluxe.html The Wizard of Oz (Rhino Movie Music label)] - The Judy Room.</ref>


Italian newspaper ''[[Il Messaggero]]'' has noted a resemblance, both harmonic and melodic, between ''Over the Rainbow'' and the theme of the intermezzo (known as Ratcliff's Dream) of [[Pietro Mascagni]]'s 1895 opera ''[[Guglielmo Ratcliff]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilmessaggero.it/spettacoli/musica/mascagni_strada_oz-3271836.html|title = C'era Mascagni sulla strada di Oz|date = September 30, 2017}}</ref>
At the time of Garland's original release hers was initially not the most commonly played version in [[jukeboxes]], where versions by dance bands such as [[Bob Crosby]] and [[Glenn Miller]]'s predominated.{{fact|date=May 2009}}


==Recordings by Judy Garland==
==Lyrics==
{{Listen |filename = Over The Rainbow.ogg |title = "Over the Rainbow" from ''The Wizard of Oz'' |description = A sample of the original version of "Over the Rainbow" from ''The Wizard of Oz'', sung by Judy Garland}}
{{Unreferenced|section|date=July 2009}}
The verse was not used in the movie, nor was there ever any intention of using it; but it is often used in theatrical productions of ''[[The Wizard of Oz (adaptations)|The Wizard of Oz]]''. Judy Garland herself sang the introductory verse once on the radio during the War.


On October 7, 1938, Judy Garland recorded the song on the [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]] soundstage with an arrangement by [[Murray Cutter]]. In September 1939, a [[studio recording]] of the song, not from the film soundtrack, was recorded and released as a single for [[Decca Records|Decca]]. In March 1940, that same recording was included on a Decca 78 four-record [[Studio recording|studio cast album]] entitled ''The Wizard of Oz''. Although this isn't the version that appeared in the film, Decca continued to release the "cast album" into the 1960s after it was reissued on disc, a 33{{fraction|1|3}}-rpm album.
The lyrics to the verse are as follows:
{{cquote| ''When all the world is a hopeless jumble'' <br> ''And the raindrops tumble all around,'' <br> ''Heaven opens a magic lane'' <br> ''When all the clouds darken up the skyway,'' <br> ''There's a rainbow highway to be found'' <br> ''Leading from your window pane'' <br> ''To a place behind the sun,'' <br> ''Just a step beyond the rain''}}


The film version of "Over the Rainbow" was unavailable to the public until the soundtrack was released by MGM in 1956 to coincide with the television premiere of ''The Wizard of Oz''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thejudyroom.com/discography/soundtracks/ozlp.html |title=''The Wizard of Oz'' Soundtracks (MGM label) |website=The Judy Room |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927025302/http://www.thejudyroom.com/discography/soundtracks/ozlp.html |archive-date=September 27, 2011}}</ref> The soundtrack version has been re-released several times over the years, including a deluxe edition by [[Rhino Records|Rhino]] in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thejudyroom.com/discography/soundtracks/ozcddeluxe.html|title=''The Wizard of Oz'' (Rhino Movie Music label) |website=The Judy Room|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126183613/http://thejudyroom.com/discography/soundtracks/ozcddeluxe.html |archive-date=January 26, 2012}}</ref>
===Deleted Portion===
The second chorus is used occasionally in theatrical productions, but remains largely unknown. The only time the second chorus lyrics have been recorded, aside from Garland's original, was for ''The Wizard of Oz In Concert'', where it was performed by singer/songwriter [[Jewel (singer)|Jewel]].<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNntXzI1EkU</ref> In 2009, Jewel recorded a studio version of the song including the new lyrics for her album, "Lullaby".


After ''The Wizard of Oz'' appeared in 1939, "Over the Rainbow" became Garland's [[signature song]]. She performed it for thirty years and sang it as she had for the film. She said she wanted to remain true to the character of Dorothy and to the message of being somewhere over the rainbow.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejudyroom.com/discography/decca/oz78.html|title=''The Wizard of Oz'' (Decca label)|website=The Judy Room|author=Garland, Judy|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235532/http://www.thejudyroom.com/discography/decca/oz78.html|archive-date=September 26, 2007}}</ref>
The short reprise, deleted from the final cut of the film, uses the melody of the bridge (or "B" section).
{{cquote|''Someday I'll wake and rub my eyes'' <br> ''And in that land beyond the skies,'' <br> ''You'll find me''<br> ''I'll be a laughing daffodil'' <br> ''And leave the silly cares that fill'' <br> ''My mind behind me''}}<ref>http://www.preterhuman.net/texts/lyrics_and_music_related/unsorted_lyrics/over_the_rainbowjg.txt</ref>


In 1981, the 1939 recording of the song by [[Judy Garland]] on [[Decca Records]] was inducted into the [[Grammy Hall of Fame]].<ref>https://www.grammy.com/awards/hall-of-fame-award#o {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>
==Other charting or significant versions==
<!--! Do not put entries here unless the version either charted, or is sufficiently significant to be mentioned in the artist's own Wikipedia entry. -->


==Other lyrics==
*[[Israel Kamakawiwo'ole]]'s album ''[[Facing Future]]'', released in [[1993]], included a [[ukulele]] [[Medley (music)|medley]] of "Over the Rainbow" and "[[What a Wonderful World]]", used in several [[film]]s, [[television program]]s, and [[Television advertisement|commercials]]. The song reached #12 on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'''s [[Hot Digital Tracks]] chart the week of January 31, [[2004]] (for the survey week ending January 18, 2004).
An introductory verse ("When all the world is a hopeless jumble...") that was omitted from the film is sometimes used in theatrical productions of ''[[The Wizard of Oz (adaptations)|The Wizard of Oz]]'' and is included in the piano sheet music from the film. It was used in versions by [[Cliff Edwards]], [[Tony Bennett]], [[Al Bowlly]], [[Doris Day]], [[Ella Fitzgerald]], [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Sarah Vaughan]], [[Mandy Patinkin]], [[Trisha Yearwood]], [[Melissa Manchester]], [[Hilary Kole]], [[Jewel (singer)|Jewel]], [[Eva Cassidy]], and [[Norma Waterson]]. Judy Garland sang the introductory verse at least once, on a 1948 radio broadcast of ''The [[Louella Parsons]] Show''.<ref>{{cite web |author=Scott Brogan |url=http://www.thejudyroom.com/radiosongs.html |title=Judy Garland MP3's |publisher=Thejudyroom.com |access-date=April 21, 2020}}</ref> Lyrics for a second verse ("Once by a word only lightly spoken...") appeared in the British edition of the sheet music.<ref>{{cite book|title=Over the Rainbow|publisher= Francis, Day, & Hunter, Ltd.|location= London}}</ref>
Katherine McPhee recorded it, it appears on Karaoke Revolution: American Idol Encore. It must be unlocked to sing


==Awards and honors==
==References==
In March 2017, Judy Garland's 1939 Decca single was entered in the [[National Recording Registry]] by the [[Library of Congress]] as music that is "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".<ref name="Library of Congress">{{cite web | url=https://www.loc.gov/item/prn-17-029/ | title=National Recording Registry Picks Are 'Over the Rainbow' | publisher=Library of Congress | date=March 29, 2016 | access-date=March 29, 2016}}</ref> The [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA) and the [[National Endowment for the Arts]] (NEA) ranked it number one on their [[Songs of the Century]] list. The [[American Film Institute]] named it best movie song on the [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs]] list.
{{reflist}}

"Over the Rainbow" was given the Towering Song Award by the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] and was sung at its dinner on June 12, 2014, by [[Jackie Evancho]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Shriver, Jerry |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2014/06/13/songwriters-hall-of-fame-gala/10371161/?AID=10709313&PID=3747368&SID=1tcs3a70yrqog |title=Songwriters gala links old and new with a 'Rainbow' |work=USA Today|date= June 13, 2014}}</ref> In April 2005, the United States Postal Service issued a commemorative stamp honoring Yip Harburg that includes a lyric.<ref name="May">{{cite web |last1=May |first1=Patrick |title='Over the Rainbow': 10 things to know about classic American song |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/06/07/somewhere-over-the-rainbow-a-classic-now-linked-to-a-tragedy/ |website=The Mercury News |access-date=October 15, 2018 |date=June 8, 2017}}</ref>

It was sent as an audio wakeup call to astronauts aboard the [[STS-88]] space shuttle mission on Flight Day 4, dedicated to astronaut [[Robert D. Cabana]] by his daughter Sara.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-88/html/ndexpage.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010516135812/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-88/html/ndexpage.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=May 16, 2001|title=NASA Human Spaceflight Database – STS-88 Wakeup Calls}}</ref>

According to his family, [[Gene Wilder]] died while listening to "Over the Rainbow" sung by [[Ella Fitzgerald]], one of his favorite songs.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 29, 2016 |title=Family: Wilder passed to 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow' |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2016/08/29/gene-wilder-death-statement/89556566/ |access-date=October 15, 2016 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hautman |first=Nicholas |date=August 30, 2016 |title=Gene Wilder Died Holding Hands With His Family While Listening to 'Over the Rainbow' |publisher=US Weekly |url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/gene-wilder-died-with-family-listening-to-over-the-rainbow-w437076 |access-date=October 15, 2016}}</ref>

==German versions==
The first German version in the English language was recorded by the Swing Orchestra Heinz Wehner (1908–1945) in March 1940 in Berlin. Wehner, at this time a well-known international German swing artist,<ref>Dick McBougall, ''[[Down Beat]]'' 12/1937</ref> also took over the vocals.<ref>''Over the Rainbow'', Swing-Orchester Heinz Wehner, engl. Refraingesang Heinz Wehner, Telefunken A 10101, Matrizennummer 24836, recorded March 23, 1940</ref> The first German version in German language was sung by Inge Brandenburg (1929–1999) in 1960.<ref>''Wenn Du in meinen Träumen (Over the Rainbow)'', Inge Brandenburg mit dem NDR-Tanzorchester, recorded November 2, 1960</ref>

==Israel Kamakawiwoʻole version==
{{Main|Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World}}
{{Infobox song
| name = Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World
| cover =
| type = single
| artist = [[Israel Kamakawiwoʻole]]
| album = [[Facing Future]]
| released = 1993
| recorded = 1988
| studio =
| genre =
| length = 5:07
| label = [[Mountain Apple Company]]
| writer = E.Y. Harburg, [[Bob Thiele]], [[George David Weiss]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
| misc = {{Audio sample
| type = single
| file =
| description = Somewhere over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World
}}
}}

===Recording session===
On the album ''[[Facing Future]]'' (1993), [[Israel Kamakawiwoʻole]] included "Over the Rainbow" in a ukulele medley with "[[What a Wonderful World]]" by [[Louis Armstrong]]. Kamakawiwo'ole called the recording studio at 3{{nbsp}}a.m. He was given 15 minutes to arrive by Milan Bertosa.

Bertosa said, "And in walks the largest human being I had seen in my life. Israel was probably like 500 pounds. And the first thing at hand is to find something for him to sit on." A security guard gave Israel a large steel chair. "Then I put up some microphones, do a quick sound check, roll tape, and the first thing he does is 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow.' He played and sang, one take, and it was over."<ref name="npr israel">{{cite web|title=Israel Kamakawiwoʻole: The Voice Of Hawaii|url=https://www.npr.org/2010/12/06/131812500/israel-kamakawiwo-ole-the-voice-of-hawaii|work=50 Great Voices|publisher=[[NPR]]|access-date=December 16, 2015|date=December 6, 2010|quote=Then I put up some microphones, do a quick sound check, roll tape, and the first thing he does is 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow.' He played and sang, one take, and it was over.}}</ref>

=== Chart activity and sales ===
Kamakawiwoʻole's version reached number 12 on the ''Billboard'' [[Hot Digital Tracks]] chart during the week of January 31, 2004 (for the survey week ending January 18, 2004).<ref>''Billboard'', page 65 (February 7, 2004).</ref> In the U.S., it was certified Platinum for million downloads sold.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – November 22, 2012|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=12&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&after=on&startMonth=1&endMonth=1&startYear=2010&endYear=2011&sort=CertificationDate&perPage=50|access-date=November 22, 2012|publisher=RIAA}}</ref> As of October 2014 it had sold over 4.2&nbsp;million digital copies.<ref name="Gary Trust">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/6289257/ask-billboard-the-weird-connections-between-mary-lambert-madonna?page=0%2C1 |title=Ask Billboard: The Weird Connections Between Mary Lambert & Madonna |last=Trust |first=Gary |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] |date=October 21, 2014 |access-date=April 3, 2023}}</ref>

In the UK his version was released as a single under the title "Somewhere Over the Rainbow". It entered the UK Official Singles Chart in April 2007 at number 68. In Germany, the single also returned to the [[German Singles Chart]] in September 2010. After two weeks on that chart, it received gold status for selling 150,000 copies.<ref name="Germany">{{cite certification|region=Germany|title=Over the Rainbow}}</ref> In October 2010, it reached number one on the German charts. In 2011 was certified 5× gold for selling over 750,000 copies.<ref name="Germany" /> It stayed at the top spot for twelve non-consecutive weeks and was the most successful single in Germany in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|title=Musik-Jahrescharts: "Sanfter Riese" und der Graf setzen sich durch – media control|url=http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/musik-jahrescharts-sanfter-riese-und-der-graf-setzen-sich-durch.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107110045/http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/musik-jahrescharts-sanfter-riese-und-der-graf-setzen-sich-durch.html|archive-date=January 7, 2011|access-date=November 22, 2012|publisher=Media-control.de}}</ref> In March 2010 it was the second best-selling download in Germany with digital sales between 500,000 and 600,000.<ref>{{cite web|title="Poker Face" knackt 500.000er-Download-Marke – media control|url=http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/poker-face-knackt-500000er-download-marke.html|access-date=November 22, 2012|publisher=Media-control.de|archive-date=November 29, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129073337/http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/poker-face-knackt-500000er-download-marke.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=March 30, 2012|title=600.000 Verkäufe: Michel Teló legt Download-Rekord hin – media control|url=http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/600000-verkaeufe-michel-telo-legt-download-rekord-hin.html|access-date=November 22, 2012|publisher=Media-control.de|archive-date=September 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928052116/http://www.gfk-entertainment.com/news/600000-verkaeufe-michel-telo-legt-download-rekord-hin.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In [[List of number-one hits of 2011 (France)|France]], it debuted at number four in December 2010 and reached number one.<ref>{{cite web|title=musicline.de|url=http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/title/Kamakawiwo%2527Ole%2CIsrael+%2522Iz%2522/Over+The+Rainbow+%282-Track%29/single|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921181436/http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/title/Kamakawiwo%27Ole,Israel+%22Iz%22/Over+The+Rainbow+(2-Track)/single|archive-date=September 21, 2012|access-date=December 7, 2010}}</ref> In Switzerland, it received Platinum status for 30,000 copies sold.<ref>{{cite web|author=Steffen Hung|title=Die Offizielle Schweizer Hitparade und Music Community|url=http://hitparade.ch/awards.asp?year=2011|access-date=November 22, 2012|publisher=Hitparade.ch}}</ref>

Kamakawiwoʻole's version of "Over the Rainbow" has been used in commercials, films and television programs, including ''[[50 First Dates]]'', ''[[Charmed]]'', ''[[Cold Case (TV series)|Cold Case]]'', ''[[ER (TV series)|ER]]'', ''[[Finding Forrester]]'', ''[[Horizon (BBC TV series)|Horizon]]'', ''[[Life on Mars (UK TV series)|Life on Mars]]'', ''[[Meet Joe Black]]'', ''[[Scrubs (TV series)|Scrubs]]'', ''[[Snakes on a Plane]]'', ''[[Son of the Mask]]'', and the television series ''[[South Pacific (TV series)|South Pacific]]''. The Kamakawiwoʻole version was sung by the cast of ''[[Glee (TV series)|Glee]]'' on the season one finale "[[Journey (Glee)|Journey]]" and included on ''[[Glee: The Music, Journey to Regionals]],'' charting at number 30 in the UK, 31 in Canada and Ireland, 42 in Australia, and 43 in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web|last=Flandez|first=Raymund|date=June 9, 2010|title='Glee' Season One Finale, 'Journey:' TV Recap|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2010/06/09/glee-season-one-finale-journey-tv-recap/|access-date=December 2, 2010|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|publisher=[[Les Hinton]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/glee-is-1-again-94934639.html|title=Glee is number 1 Again|date=May 26, 2010|agency=[[PR Newswire]]|access-date=December 2, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=June 26, 2010|title=Top 40 Official UK Singles Archive: 26th June 2010|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20100620/7501/|access-date=December 2, 2010|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|date=June 26, 2010|title=Canadian Hot 100: Week of June 26, 2010 (Biggest Jump)|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/2010-06-26/canadian-hot-100?order=gainer|access-date=December 2, 2010|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Irish Music Charts Archive: Top 50 Singles, Week Ending 17 June 2010|url=http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p/musicvideo/music/archive/index_test.jsp&ct=240001&arch=t&lyr=2010&year=2010&week=24|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313125813/http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p%2Fmusicvideo%2Fmusic%2Farchive%2Findex_test.jsp&ct=240001&arch=t&lyr=2010&year=2010&week=24|archive-date=March 13, 2017|access-date=December 2, 2010|publisher=Chart Track. [[GfK]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 12, 2010 |title=The ARIA Report: Week Commencing July 12, 2010 |url=http://www.aria.com.au/Issue1064.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20100810140100/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20100811-0001/Issue1064.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 10, 2010 |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |issue=1064 |access-date=December 2, 2010 }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|date=June 26, 2010|title=Hot 100: Week of June 26, 2010 (Biggest Jump)|url=http://www.billboard.com/charts/2010-06-26/hot-100?order=gainer|access-date=December 2, 2010|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref>

===Certifications===
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Austria|type=single|artist=Israel|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Platinum|relyear=1993|certyear=2011|access-date=April 3, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Germany|type=single|artist=Israel|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Platinum|number=2|relyear=1993|certyear=2011|access-date=April 3, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Italy|type=single|artist=Israel|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Gold|id=7167|relyear=1990|certyear=2019|access-date=April 3, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Switzerland|type=single|artist=Israel|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Platinum|number=2|relyear=1993|certyear=2011|access-date=April 3, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Israel Kamakawiwo'ole|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Gold|relyear=2005|certyear=2021|id=9036-2510-1|access-date=April 3, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=single|artist=Israel|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Platinum|relyear=2001|certyear=2010|salesamount=4,200,000|salesref=<ref name="Gary Trust"/>}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|streaming=true}}

==Eva Cassidy version==
{{Infobox song
| name = Over the Rainbow
| cover = Eva_Cassidy_Over_the_Rainbow_single.jpg
| type = single
| artist = [[Eva Cassidy]]
| album = [[The Other Side (Chuck Brown and Eva Cassidy album)|The Other Side]] {{noitalic|and}} [[Songbird (Eva Cassidy album)|Songbird]]
| B-side = "Dark End of the Street"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Eva+Cassidy&titel=Over+The+Rainbow&cat=s|title=Australian-charts.com – Eva Cassidy – Over the Rainbow|publisher=[[ARIA Charts|ARIA Top 50 Singles]]|access-date=October 11, 2020}}</ref>
| released = {{start date|2001|1|29}}
| length = 4:58
| label = [[Blix Street Records|Blix Street]]
| composer = [[Harold Arlen]]
| lyricist = [[Yip Harburg|E.Y. Harburg]]
| producer = Chris Biondo
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title = [[People Get Ready]]
| next_year = 2002
}}

[[Eva Cassidy]] recorded a studio version of the song for ''[[The Other Side (Chuck Brown and Eva Cassidy album)|The Other Side]]'' (1992). After her death in 1996, it was included on the posthumous compilation ''[[Songbird (Eva Cassidy album)|Songbird]]'' (1998). In December 2000, a clip of Cassidy performing the song at [[Blues Alley]] was featured on the [[BBC Two|BBC2]] program ''[[Top of the Pops 2]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://evacassidy.org/over-the-rainbow/|title=Over the Rainbow|website=evacassidy.org|access-date=August 4, 2023}}</ref> Following the premiere, it became the program's most-requested video in history, and demand for the album soared after the clip was re-aired in January 2001.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/00s/2001/BB-2001-03-10.pdf|title=Blix's Eva Cassidy Gone but Far from Forgotten|last=Sexton|first=Paul|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|volume=113|issue=10|page=8|date=March 10, 2001|access-date=October 11, 2020}}</ref> The song was subsequently released as a single the same month, on January 29.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/2001/Music-Week-2001-01-27.pdf|title=New Releases – For Week Starting January 29, 2001: Singles|magazine=[[Music Week]]|page=39|date=January 27, 2001|access-date=August 20, 2021}}</ref>

"Over the Rainbow" debuted at number 88 on the [[UK Singles Chart]] in February 2001 and climbed to number 42 in May, becoming Cassidy's first single to chart in the United Kingdom. In Scotland, it reached number 36, giving Cassidy her first top-40 single in that region. It was her highest-charting song in the United Kingdom until 2007, when "[[What a Wonderful World#Eva Cassidy and Katie Melua version|What a Wonderful World]]" reached number one.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/5140/eva-cassidy/|title=Eva Cassidy|date=February 17, 2001 |publisher=[[The Official Charts Company]]|access-date=October 20, 2018}}</ref> The song also reached number 27 in Ireland in December, becoming her only top-40 hit in that country.

Cassidy's recording was selected by the BBC for its ''Songs of the Century'' album in 1999. Her performance at Blues Alley appeared on the album ''[[Simply Eva]]'' (2011).

===Charts===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Chart (2001)
!Peak<br />position
|-
{{single chart|Ireland2|27|song=Over the Rainbow|access-date=December 2, 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|Scotland|36|date=20010519|artist=Eva Cassidy|song=Over the Rainbow|access-date=March 21, 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|UK|42|date=20010519|artist=Eva Cassidy|song=Over the Rainbow|access-date=November 17, 2018}}
|-
{{single chart|UKindie|10|date=20010519|artist=Eva Cassidy|song=Over the Rainbow|access-date=November 17, 2018}}
|}

===Certifications===
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United Kingdom|type=single|artist=Eva Cassidy|title=Over the Rainbow|award=Gold|relyear=2000|certyear=2023|id=4964-1034-1|access-date=May 12, 2023}}
{{Certification Table Bottom|noshipments=true|nosales=true|streaming=true}}

==Cliff Richard version==
{{Infobox song
| name = Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World
| cover = Cliff OverRainbow.JPG
| type = single
| artist = [[Cliff Richard]]
| album = [[Wanted (Cliff Richard album)|Wanted]]
| B-side =
| released = {{start date|2001|12|3}}
| length = 4:47
| label = [[Papillon Records|Papillon]]
| writer = H. Arlen, E.Y. Hamburg, [[George David Weiss]], G. Douglas
| producer = [[Alan Tarney]]
| prev_title = [[The Millennium Prayer]]
| prev_year = 1999
| next_title = "Let Me Be the One"
| next_year = 2002
| misc = {{External music video|type=single|{{YouTube|nEClnCqVVX0|"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World"}}}}
}}

On December 3, 2001, the British singer [[Cliff Richard]] recorded a cover of the mashup "Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World" on his album ''[[Wanted (Cliff Richard album)|Wanted]]''. At the time of release the official website for the album explained that it consisted of "hits Cliff's always 'Wanted' to record."<ref>{{AllMusic|album|mw0000463133|Cliff Richard ''Wanted'' album}}</ref> The album is primarily made up of cover songs, including songs by artists such as [[Elvis Presley]], [[The Beatles]], [[Carole King]] and [[Tina Turner]]. The inspiration for the album came when Richard was sent a copy of [[Israel Kamakawiwo'ole]]'s recording of "Over the Rainbow" combined with "[[What a Wonderful World]]" weeks into the year 2000 and he knew immediately he wanted to record it.<ref>From preface in Wanted CD booklet</ref>

The mashup [[reggae]]-themed track with a lot of similarities to the Israel Kamakawiwo'ole arrangement was released as the debut single from the album ''Wanted'' and charted on the [[UK Singles Chart]] peaking at number 11 and stayed for 6 weeks in the British charts.<ref name="UKOfficialChartCliffRichard"/> Richard premiered it on the ''[[Open House with Gloria Hunniford]]'' on November 6, 2001. On the date of release of the single on December 3, 2001, he was invited to the [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] programme ''[[This Morning (TV programme)|This Morning]]'' to perform it live. He also performed it at the Premier Christmas Spectacular at Methodist [[Methodist Central Hall, Westminster|Westminster Central Hall]] in London on December 14, 2001.

===Charts===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Chart (2001)
!Peak<br />position
|-
{{single chart|UK|11|date=20011209|artist=Cliff Richard|song=Somewhere Over The Rainbow - What A Wonderful World |access-date=December 24, 2023|refname="UKOfficialChartCliffRichard"}}
|}
{{clear}}

==Danielle Hope version==
{{Infobox song
| name = Over the Rainbow
| cover = Danielle Hope Over the Rainbow.jpg
| alt =
| type = single
| artist = [[Danielle Hope]]
| album =
| released = May 23, 2010 (UK)
| recorded =
| studio =
| venue =
| genre = Pop
| length = 2:58
| label = [[Polydor Records|Polydor]]
| composer = [[Harold Arlen]]
| lyricist = [[Yip Harburg|E.Y. Harburg]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

[[Danielle Hope]], the winner of the BBC talent show ''[[Over the Rainbow (2010 TV series)|Over the Rainbow]]'', released a cover version of the song as a digital download on May 23, 2010, and a single on May 31, 2010.<ref name="Hope single">{{cite news |title=Winning Dorothy to release 'Rainbow' |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/s90/over-the-rainbow/news/a221196/winning-dorothy-to-release-rainbow.html |access-date=May 21, 2010 }}</ref> As it was recorded before a winner was announced, runners-up [[Lauren Samuels]] and [[Sophie Evans (performer)|Sophie Evans]] also recorded versions.<ref name="Hope single"/>

The single was a [[charity record]] that raised money for the BBC Performing Arts Fund and Prostate UK.<ref>{{cite news |title=Danielle Hope ('Over the Rainbow') |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/s90/over-the-rainbow/interviews/a221557/danielle-hope-over-the-rainbow.html |access-date=May 27, 2010 }}</ref>

===Track listings===
'''UK digital download'''
#"Over the Rainbow" – 2:58

'''CD single'''
#"Over the Rainbow"
#"The Wizard of Oz medley" – Sophie Evans, Danielle Hope and Lauren Samuels

===Charts===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Chart (2010)
!Peak<br />position
|-
{{single chart|UKsinglesbyname|artistid=6289|29|artist=Danielle Hope|song=Over the Rainbow|songid=34958}}
|}

==Robin Schulz, Alle Farben and Israel Kamakawiwoʻole version==
{{Infobox song
| name = Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World
| cover =
| border =
| caption =
| type =
| artist = [[Robin Schulz]], [[Alle Farben]] and [[Israel Kamakawiwoʻole]]
| album =
| released = {{start date|2021|09|07}}
| recorded =
| studio =
| genre =
| length = {{duration|m=3|s=31}}
| label = [[Sony Music Entertainment]], B1/[[Warner Music]]
| composer = [[Harold Arlen]]
| lyricist = [[Yip Harburg|E.Y. Harburg]]
| producer =
}}
In July 2021, German musician, DJ and record producer [[Robin Schulz]] and the German DJ and producer [[Alle Farben]] released a mashup "Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World" based on Kamakawiwo'ole's version and voice on [[Sony Music Entertainment]], B1/Warner Music. The new remix version has charted in Germany, France and Belgium. A new official video was also released.

===Charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Chart (2021)
! Peak<br />position
|-
{{single chart|Wallonia|48|song=Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World|artist=Robin Schulz, Alle Farben & Israel Kamakawiwoʻole|access-date=September 1, 2021}}
|-
{{single chart|France|138|song=Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World|artist=Robin Schulz, Alle Farben & Israel Kamakawiwoʻole|access-date=September 1, 2021}}
|-
| Germany ([[GfK Entertainment charts]])
| {{center|82}}
|}

==Other versions==
<!-- Please only list versions that have charted or otherwise gained documented significance. This does not include, for example, performances in talent shows, non-charting tracks on albums, occasional concert performances, etc. -->
<!-- Please list only charting or otherwise significant versions. -->
The 1939 [[Glenn Miller]] recording on RCA Bluebird was no. 1 on the ''Your Hit Parade'' chart for six weeks that year.

[[The Demensions]] recorded an ethereal, orchestral, and dreamy doo-wop version, arranged by composer [[Seymour Barab]] that reached number 16 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] in 1960<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Demensions, White Doo Wop From The Bronx|url=http://www.bronx.com/news/entertainment/entertainment_music/857.html|journal=The Bronx Times|date=March 24, 2010|author=Milosheff, Peter|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208020402/http://www.bronx.com/news/entertainment/entertainment_music/857.html|archive-date=December 8, 2010}}</ref> and number 17 in [[CHUM Chart|Canada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chumtribute.com/60-09-12-chart.jpg| title=CHUM Hit Parade - September 12, 1960}}</ref> In 1978, Gary Tanner's recording of "Somewhere over the Rainbow" reached number 69 on the Hot 100.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Billboard Hot 100 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=June 17, 1978 |page=100}}</ref> [[Katharine McPhee]]'s version in 2006 reached number 12 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.

In 1965 Australian band [[Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs]] released the song as a single following the release of an [[Extended play|EP]] called ''I Told The Brook'' in 1964. The single went to Number 2 on the Australian charts.<ref>Kent, David (2005). Australian Chart Book 1940 - 1969. Turramurra, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book Pty Ltd. ISBN 0-646-44439-5.</ref>

[[Jerry Lee Lewis]] included "Over the Rainbow" on his 1980 album ''[[Killer Country]]'' on [[Elektra Records]]. This version went to number 10 on the Pop Country charts.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/killer-country-elektra--mw0000842297 | title=Jerry Lee Lewis - Killer Country &#91;Elektra&#93; Album Reviews, Songs & More &#124; AllMusic | website=[[AllMusic]] }}</ref>

The song was also featured in [[Joanie Bartels]]' 1987 album ''Lullaby Magic, Vol. 2''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVRKwHQhPyE | title=Somewhere over the Rainbow | website=YouTube | date=September 24, 2015 }}</ref>

German-Greek EDM producer and DJ [[Marusha]] released a cover version of the track in 1994, which became a Top 40 hit in central Europe, reaching the Top 10 in Switzerland (#2), Germany (#3), and the Netherlands (#6); it also reached #13 in Austria and #34 in the Flanders region of Belgium.<ref name="lescharts">Intl. peaks [https://lescharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Marusha&titel=Over+The+Rainbow&cat=s] (Retrieved October 22, 2024)</ref>

The 1997 film ''[[Face/Off]]'' featured a recording of "Over the Rainbow" by [[Olivia Newton-John]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Olivia Newton-John - Over The Rainbow |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2qynHr7e6w |website=YouTube | date=September 2012 |access-date=March 5, 2024}}</ref>

In 2003, Brazilian singer [[Luiza Possi]] released a [[Brazilian Portuguese|Portuguese]] version of the song under the title "Além do arco-íris (Over the Rainbow)", for the soundtrack of the Brazilian [[telenovela]] [[Chocolate com Pimenta]]. A cover of the original version was also recorded.{{fact|date=September 2024}}

[[Zaachariaha Fielding]], of [[Electric Fields]] fame, was selected by [[Baz Luhrmann]] to sing "[[Somewhere over the Rainbow]]" in the [[Yolŋu languages|Yolngu language]] in his 2008 film ''[[Australia (2008 film)|Australia]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Eurovision a Narrow Miss for 2016 Young Achiever Award Finalist Zaachariaha Fielding and Electric Fields |url=https://awardsaustralia.com/news/eurovision-a-narrow-miss-for-2016-young-achiever-award-finalist-zaachariaha-fielding-and-electric-fields/ |website=awardsaustralia.com |date=February 11, 2019 |access-date=May 21, 2024 }}</ref>

[[Nicholas David]], a contestant on the [[The Voice (U.S. season 3)|third season]] of ''The Voice'', recorded a version that went to number 96 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 in 2012 with sales of 48,000 copies.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Billboard Hot 100 Week of 22 December 2012 |url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/singles/14319117 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=December 14, 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

American singer [[Ariana Grande]] released a version of the song on June 6, 2017, to raise money at her benefit concert [[One Love Manchester]] after 22 people were killed in the [[Manchester Arena bombing]] at Grande's concert on May 22, 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/news/ariana-grande-releases-somewhere-rainbow-charity-single-manchester/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/music/news/ariana-grande-releases-somewhere-rainbow-charity-single-manchester/ |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Ariana Grande releases Somewhere Over the Rainbow as charity single for Manchester benefit|last=Reporters|first=Telegraph|date=June 7, 2017|work=The Telegraph|access-date=April 11, 2018 |issn=0307-1235 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Her live performance at the benefit concert was televised two days prior, i.e. on June 4, 2017. The song was then added to the setlist of her [[Dangerous Woman Tour]].<ref>Tanzer, Myles. [http://www.thefader.com/2018/05/30/ariana-grande-cover-story "Ariana Grande"], ''[[The Fader]]'', May 30, 2018</ref> The version peaked at number 60 on the [[UK Singles Chart]] on the week ending June 22, 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20170616/7501/|title=UK Charts June 22, 2017|date=April 1, 2017|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=April 10, 2017}}</ref>

In 2017 to raise money for [[Children in Need|BBC Children in Need]], 1,788 children sang the song in unison from 10 towns across the UK.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ardrossanherald.com/news/15677061.north-ayrshire-school-pupils-are-on-song-with-children-in-need/ | title=North Ayrshire school pupils are on song with Children in Need | date=November 22, 2017 }}</ref><ref name="CiN Choir Locations">=https://www.halifaxcourier.co.uk/news/pupils-to-perform-live-on-children-in-need-from-the-piece-hall-1071078</ref> The choirs performed simultaneously and through out the song it would cut between the choirs giving each choir 10–20 seconds. This was all done live as they sang. The choirs sang from: [[Elstree]] at [[Elstree Studios]] the studio, just outside of London, where the main telethon was held,<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Manchester]] at [[Science and Industry Museum|The Science and Industry Museum]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Bristol]] at [[Aerospace Bristol|Aerospace]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Glasgow]] at [[BBC Pacific Quay]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne|Newcastle]] at [[Discovery Museum|The Discovery Museum]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Newbury, Berkshire|Newbury]] at [[Brockhurst and Marlston House School]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Belfast]] at [[Ulster Folk and Transport Museums|The Ulster Folk and Transport Museum]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]] at The [[Piece Hall]],<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> [[Cardiff]] at [[Broadcasting House, Cardiff|The Broadcasting House]]<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/> and [[Nottingham]] at [[Albert Hall, Nottingham|The Albert Hall]]<ref name="CiN Choir Locations"/>


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz]]
* [[Musical selections in The Wizard of Oz|Musical selections in ''The Wizard of Oz'']]
* [[List of 1930s jazz standards]]
* [[List of 1930s jazz standards]]
* [[List of best-selling singles]]
* [[List of best-selling singles in the United States]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.judy-garland.org/discography/index.html The Judy Garland Online Discography]
* [http://www.thejudyroom.com/discography.html The Judy Garland Online Discography]


{{The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)}}
{{s-start}}
{{AcademyAwardBestOriginalSong 1934–1940}}
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{{Navboxes
{{s-bef|before="[[Thanks for the Memory]]" from ''[[The Big Broadcast of 1938]]''}}
|list =
{{s-ttl|title=[[Academy Award for Best Original Song]]|years=1939}}
{{Judy Garland songs}}
{{s-aft|after="[[When You Wish upon a Star]]" from ''[[Pinocchio (1940 film)|Pinocchio]]''}}
{{Israel Kamakawiwoʻole}}
{{s-end}}
{{Eva Cassidy}}
{{Ariana Grande songs}}
{{Jerry Lee Lewis}}
{{Ben Platt}}
{{Cliff Richard singles}}
{{Jewel singles}}
{{Josh Groban}}
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[[Category:1939 songs]]
[[Category:1939 songs]]
[[Category:Best Song Academy Award winning songs]]
[[Category:1939 singles]]
[[Category:1930s jazz standards]]
[[Category:Songs about weather]]
[[Category:Film theme songs]]
[[Category:Best Original Song Academy Award–winning songs]]
[[Category:American songs]]
[[Category:American songs]]
[[Category:Pop ballads]]
[[Category:Songs with music by Harold Arlen]]
[[Category:Songs with music by Harold Arlen]]
[[Category:Songs with lyrics by Yip Harburg]]
[[Category:Songs with lyrics by Yip Harburg]]
[[Category:Songs from The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)]]
[[Category:Songs from The Wizard of Oz]]
[[Category:Judy Garland songs]]
[[Category:Judy Garland songs]]
[[Category:Pop standards]]
[[Category:Labelle songs]]
[[Category:Labelle songs]]
[[Category:Jerry Lee Lewis songs]]
[[Category:Ariana Grande songs|Somewhere Over the Rainbow]]
[[Category:Kimberley Locke songs]]
[[Category:Al Bowlly songs]]
[[Category:Patti LaBelle songs]]
[[Category:Eva Cassidy songs]]
[[Category:1930s jazz standards]]
[[Category:Ben Platt songs]]
[[Category:Barbra Streisand songs]]
[[Category:Josh Groban songs]]
[[Category:Me First and the Gimme Gimmes songs]]
[[Category:Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients]]
[[Category:Grammy Hall of Fame Award recipients]]
[[Category:United States National Recording Registry recordings]]

[[Category:Pop standards]]
[[bg:Отвъд дъгата]]
[[Category:Grammy Award for Best Arrangement, Instrumental and Vocals]]
[[de:Over the Rainbow]]
[[Category:Polydor Records singles]]
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[[Category:Republic Records singles]]
[[es:Over the rainbow]]
[[Category:Sony Music singles]]
[[fr:Over the Rainbow (chanson)]]
[[Category:Warner Music Group singles]]
[[it:Over the Rainbow]]
[[nl:Over the Rainbow]]
[[Category:Rainbows in culture]]
[[Category:LGBTQ-related songs]]
[[ja:虹の彼方に]]
[[pl:Over the Rainbow]]
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Latest revision as of 23:54, 31 December 2024

This article is about the 1939 song. For other uses, see Over the Rainbow (disambiguation).

"Over the Rainbow"
Judy Garland singing "Over the Rainbow" in The Wizard of Oz
Song by Judy Garland
Published1939 by Leo Feist, Inc.
Composer(s)Harold Arlen
Lyricist(s)E.Y. Harburg

"Over the Rainbow", also known as "Somewhere Over the Rainbow", is a ballad by Harold Arlen with lyrics by Yip Harburg.[1] It was written for the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, in which it was sung by actress Judy Garland[2] in her starring role as Dorothy Gale.[1]

About five minutes into the film, Dorothy sings the song after failing to get Aunt Em, Uncle Henry, and the farmhands to listen to her story of an unpleasant incident involving her dog, Toto, and the town spinster, Miss Gulch (Margaret Hamilton). Aunt Em tells her to "find yourself a place where you won't get into any trouble". This prompts her to walk off by herself, musing to Toto, "Someplace where there isn't any trouble. Do you suppose there is such a place, Toto? There must be. It's not a place you can get to by a boat, or a train. It's far, far away. Behind the moon, beyond the rain", at which point she begins singing.

"Over The Rainbow" won the Academy Award for Best Original Song and became Garland's signature song. It has been included in several all-time lists, and has been covered by several artists in varying languages. In 2017, it was selected for induction into the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Background

[edit]

Composer Harold Arlen and lyricist Yip Harburg often worked in tandem, Harburg generally suggesting an idea or title for Arlen to set to music, before Harburg contributed the lyrics.[3] For their work together on The Wizard of Oz, Harburg claimed his inspiration was "a ballad for a little girl who... was in trouble and... wanted to get away from... Kansas. A dry, arid, colorless place. She had never seen anything colorful in her life except the rainbow". Arlen decided the idea needed "a melody with a long broad line".[4]

By the time all the other songs for the film had been written, Arlen was feeling the pressure of not having the song for the Kansas scene. He often carried blank pieces of music manuscript in his pockets to jot down short melodic ideas. Arlen described how the inspiration for the melody to "Over the Rainbow" came to him suddenly while his wife Anya drove:

"I said to Mrs. Arlen... 'let's go to Grauman's Chinese ... You drive the car, I don't feel too well right now.' I wasn't thinking of work. I wasn't consciously thinking of work, I just wanted to relax. And as we drove by Schwab's Drug Store on Sunset I said, 'Pull over, please.' ... And we stopped and I really don't know why—bless the muses—and I took out my little bit of manuscript and put down what you know now as 'Over the Rainbow.'"[5]

The song was originally sung in A-flat major.[6] Arlen later wrote the contrasting bridge section based on the idea of "a child's piano exercise".[7] In the movie, a renowned Stradivarius violin was used in the accompaniment.[8]

Italian newspaper Il Messaggero has noted a resemblance, both harmonic and melodic, between Over the Rainbow and the theme of the intermezzo (known as Ratcliff's Dream) of Pietro Mascagni's 1895 opera Guglielmo Ratcliff.[9]

Recordings by Judy Garland

[edit]
"Over the Rainbow" from The Wizard of Oz
A sample of the original version of "Over the Rainbow" from The Wizard of Oz, sung by Judy Garland
Problems playing this file? See media help.

On October 7, 1938, Judy Garland recorded the song on the MGM soundstage with an arrangement by Murray Cutter. In September 1939, a studio recording of the song, not from the film soundtrack, was recorded and released as a single for Decca. In March 1940, that same recording was included on a Decca 78 four-record studio cast album entitled The Wizard of Oz. Although this isn't the version that appeared in the film, Decca continued to release the "cast album" into the 1960s after it was reissued on disc, a 331⁄3-rpm album.

The film version of "Over the Rainbow" was unavailable to the public until the soundtrack was released by MGM in 1956 to coincide with the television premiere of The Wizard of Oz.[10] The soundtrack version has been re-released several times over the years, including a deluxe edition by Rhino in 1995.[11]

After The Wizard of Oz appeared in 1939, "Over the Rainbow" became Garland's signature song. She performed it for thirty years and sang it as she had for the film. She said she wanted to remain true to the character of Dorothy and to the message of being somewhere over the rainbow.[12]

In 1981, the 1939 recording of the song by Judy Garland on Decca Records was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.[13]

Other lyrics

[edit]

An introductory verse ("When all the world is a hopeless jumble...") that was omitted from the film is sometimes used in theatrical productions of The Wizard of Oz and is included in the piano sheet music from the film. It was used in versions by Cliff Edwards, Tony Bennett, Al Bowlly, Doris Day, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Sarah Vaughan, Mandy Patinkin, Trisha Yearwood, Melissa Manchester, Hilary Kole, Jewel, Eva Cassidy, and Norma Waterson. Judy Garland sang the introductory verse at least once, on a 1948 radio broadcast of The Louella Parsons Show.[14] Lyrics for a second verse ("Once by a word only lightly spoken...") appeared in the British edition of the sheet music.[15]

Awards and honors

[edit]

In March 2017, Judy Garland's 1939 Decca single was entered in the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress as music that is "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[16] The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) ranked it number one on their Songs of the Century list. The American Film Institute named it best movie song on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs list.

"Over the Rainbow" was given the Towering Song Award by the Songwriters Hall of Fame and was sung at its dinner on June 12, 2014, by Jackie Evancho.[17] In April 2005, the United States Postal Service issued a commemorative stamp honoring Yip Harburg that includes a lyric.[18]

It was sent as an audio wakeup call to astronauts aboard the STS-88 space shuttle mission on Flight Day 4, dedicated to astronaut Robert D. Cabana by his daughter Sara.[19]

According to his family, Gene Wilder died while listening to "Over the Rainbow" sung by Ella Fitzgerald, one of his favorite songs.[20][21]

German versions

[edit]

The first German version in the English language was recorded by the Swing Orchestra Heinz Wehner (1908–1945) in March 1940 in Berlin. Wehner, at this time a well-known international German swing artist,[22] also took over the vocals.[23] The first German version in German language was sung by Inge Brandenburg (1929–1999) in 1960.[24]

Israel Kamakawiwoʻole version

[edit]
Main article: Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World
"Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World"
Single by Israel Kamakawiwoʻole
from the album Facing Future
Released1993
Recorded1988
Length5:07
LabelMountain Apple Company
Songwriter(s)E.Y. Harburg, Bob Thiele, George David Weiss

Recording session

[edit]

On the album Facing Future (1993), Israel Kamakawiwoʻole included "Over the Rainbow" in a ukulele medley with "What a Wonderful World" by Louis Armstrong. Kamakawiwo'ole called the recording studio at 3 a.m. He was given 15 minutes to arrive by Milan Bertosa.

Bertosa said, "And in walks the largest human being I had seen in my life. Israel was probably like 500 pounds. And the first thing at hand is to find something for him to sit on." A security guard gave Israel a large steel chair. "Then I put up some microphones, do a quick sound check, roll tape, and the first thing he does is 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow.' He played and sang, one take, and it was over."[25]

Chart activity and sales

[edit]

Kamakawiwoʻole's version reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot Digital Tracks chart during the week of January 31, 2004 (for the survey week ending January 18, 2004).[26] In the U.S., it was certified Platinum for million downloads sold.[27] As of October 2014 it had sold over 4.2 million digital copies.[28]

In the UK his version was released as a single under the title "Somewhere Over the Rainbow". It entered the UK Official Singles Chart in April 2007 at number 68. In Germany, the single also returned to the German Singles Chart in September 2010. After two weeks on that chart, it received gold status for selling 150,000 copies.[29] In October 2010, it reached number one on the German charts. In 2011 was certified 5× gold for selling over 750,000 copies.[29] It stayed at the top spot for twelve non-consecutive weeks and was the most successful single in Germany in 2010.[30] In March 2010 it was the second best-selling download in Germany with digital sales between 500,000 and 600,000.[31][32] In France, it debuted at number four in December 2010 and reached number one.[33] In Switzerland, it received Platinum status for 30,000 copies sold.[34]

Kamakawiwoʻole's version of "Over the Rainbow" has been used in commercials, films and television programs, including 50 First Dates, Charmed, Cold Case, ER, Finding Forrester, Horizon, Life on Mars, Meet Joe Black, Scrubs, Snakes on a Plane, Son of the Mask, and the television series South Pacific. The Kamakawiwoʻole version was sung by the cast of Glee on the season one finale "Journey" and included on Glee: The Music, Journey to Regionals, charting at number 30 in the UK, 31 in Canada and Ireland, 42 in Australia, and 43 in the U.S.[35][36][37][38][39][40][41]

Certifications

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Austria (IFPI Austria)[42] Platinum 50,000*
Germany (BVMI)[43] 2× Platinum 1,000,000^
Italy (FIMI)[44] Gold 25,000‡
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[45] 2× Platinum 100,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[46] Gold 400,000‡
United States (RIAA)[47] Platinum 4,200,000[28]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Eva Cassidy version

[edit]
"Over the Rainbow"
Single by Eva Cassidy
from the album The Other Side and Songbird
B-side"Dark End of the Street"[48]
ReleasedJanuary 29, 2001 (2001-01-29)
Length4:58
LabelBlix Street
Composer(s)Harold Arlen
Lyricist(s)E.Y. Harburg
Producer(s)Chris Biondo
Eva Cassidy singles chronology
"Over the Rainbow"
(2001) 		"People Get Ready"
(2002)

Eva Cassidy recorded a studio version of the song for The Other Side (1992). After her death in 1996, it was included on the posthumous compilation Songbird (1998). In December 2000, a clip of Cassidy performing the song at Blues Alley was featured on the BBC2 program Top of the Pops 2.[49] Following the premiere, it became the program's most-requested video in history, and demand for the album soared after the clip was re-aired in January 2001.[50] The song was subsequently released as a single the same month, on January 29.[51]

"Over the Rainbow" debuted at number 88 on the UK Singles Chart in February 2001 and climbed to number 42 in May, becoming Cassidy's first single to chart in the United Kingdom. In Scotland, it reached number 36, giving Cassidy her first top-40 single in that region. It was her highest-charting song in the United Kingdom until 2007, when "What a Wonderful World" reached number one.[52] The song also reached number 27 in Ireland in December, becoming her only top-40 hit in that country.

Cassidy's recording was selected by the BBC for its Songs of the Century album in 1999. Her performance at Blues Alley appeared on the album Simply Eva (2011).

Charts

[edit]
Chart (2001) Peak
position
Ireland (IRMA)[53] 27
Scotland (OCC)[54] 36
UK Singles (OCC)[55] 42
UK Indie (OCC)[56] 10

Certifications

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[57] Gold 400,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Cliff Richard version

[edit]
"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World"
Single by Cliff Richard
from the album Wanted
ReleasedDecember 3, 2001 (2001-12-03)
Length4:47
LabelPapillon
Songwriter(s)H. Arlen, E.Y. Hamburg, George David Weiss, G. Douglas
Producer(s)Alan Tarney
Cliff Richard singles chronology
"The Millennium Prayer"
(1999) 		"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World"
(2001) 		""Let Me Be the One""
(2002)
Music video
"Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World" on YouTube

On December 3, 2001, the British singer Cliff Richard recorded a cover of the mashup "Somewhere Over the Rainbow"/"What a Wonderful World" on his album Wanted. At the time of release the official website for the album explained that it consisted of "hits Cliff's always 'Wanted' to record."[58] The album is primarily made up of cover songs, including songs by artists such as Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Carole King and Tina Turner. The inspiration for the album came when Richard was sent a copy of Israel Kamakawiwo'ole's recording of "Over the Rainbow" combined with "What a Wonderful World" weeks into the year 2000 and he knew immediately he wanted to record it.[59]

The mashup reggae-themed track with a lot of similarities to the Israel Kamakawiwo'ole arrangement was released as the debut single from the album Wanted and charted on the UK Singles Chart peaking at number 11 and stayed for 6 weeks in the British charts.[60] Richard premiered it on the Open House with Gloria Hunniford on November 6, 2001. On the date of release of the single on December 3, 2001, he was invited to the ITV programme This Morning to perform it live. He also performed it at the Premier Christmas Spectacular at Methodist Westminster Central Hall in London on December 14, 2001.

Charts

[edit]
Chart (2001) Peak
position
UK Singles (OCC)[60] 11

Danielle Hope version

[edit]
"Over the Rainbow"
Single by Danielle Hope
ReleasedMay 23, 2010 (UK)
GenrePop
Length2:58
LabelPolydor
Composer(s)Harold Arlen
Lyricist(s)E.Y. Harburg

Danielle Hope, the winner of the BBC talent show Over the Rainbow, released a cover version of the song as a digital download on May 23, 2010, and a single on May 31, 2010.[61] As it was recorded before a winner was announced, runners-up Lauren Samuels and Sophie Evans also recorded versions.[61]

The single was a charity record that raised money for the BBC Performing Arts Fund and Prostate UK.[62]

Track listings

[edit]

UK digital download

  1. "Over the Rainbow" – 2:58

CD single

  1. "Over the Rainbow"
  2. "The Wizard of Oz medley" – Sophie Evans, Danielle Hope and Lauren Samuels

Charts

[edit]
Chart (2010) Peak
position
UK Singles (OCC)[63] 29

Robin Schulz, Alle Farben and Israel Kamakawiwoʻole version

[edit]
"Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World"
Song by Robin Schulz, Alle Farben and Israel Kamakawiwoʻole
ReleasedSeptember 7, 2021 (2021-09-07)
Length3:31
LabelSony Music Entertainment, B1/Warner Music
Composer(s)Harold Arlen
Lyricist(s)E.Y. Harburg

In July 2021, German musician, DJ and record producer Robin Schulz and the German DJ and producer Alle Farben released a mashup "Somewhere Over the Rainbow / What a Wonderful World" based on Kamakawiwo'ole's version and voice on Sony Music Entertainment, B1/Warner Music. The new remix version has charted in Germany, France and Belgium. A new official video was also released.

Charts

[edit]
Chart (2021) Peak
position
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[64] 48
France (SNEP)[65] 138
Germany (GfK Entertainment charts)
82

Other versions

[edit]

The 1939 Glenn Miller recording on RCA Bluebird was no. 1 on the Your Hit Parade chart for six weeks that year.

The Demensions recorded an ethereal, orchestral, and dreamy doo-wop version, arranged by composer Seymour Barab that reached number 16 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1960[66] and number 17 in Canada.[67] In 1978, Gary Tanner's recording of "Somewhere over the Rainbow" reached number 69 on the Hot 100.[68] Katharine McPhee's version in 2006 reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100.

In 1965 Australian band Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs released the song as a single following the release of an EP called I Told The Brook in 1964. The single went to Number 2 on the Australian charts.[69]

Jerry Lee Lewis included "Over the Rainbow" on his 1980 album Killer Country on Elektra Records. This version went to number 10 on the Pop Country charts.[70]

The song was also featured in Joanie Bartels' 1987 album Lullaby Magic, Vol. 2.[71]

German-Greek EDM producer and DJ Marusha released a cover version of the track in 1994, which became a Top 40 hit in central Europe, reaching the Top 10 in Switzerland (#2), Germany (#3), and the Netherlands (#6); it also reached #13 in Austria and #34 in the Flanders region of Belgium.[72]

The 1997 film Face/Off featured a recording of "Over the Rainbow" by Olivia Newton-John.[73]

In 2003, Brazilian singer Luiza Possi released a Portuguese version of the song under the title "Além do arco-íris (Over the Rainbow)", for the soundtrack of the Brazilian telenovela Chocolate com Pimenta. A cover of the original version was also recorded.[citation needed]

Zaachariaha Fielding, of Electric Fields fame, was selected by Baz Luhrmann to sing "Somewhere over the Rainbow" in the Yolngu language in his 2008 film Australia.[74]

Nicholas David, a contestant on the third season of The Voice, recorded a version that went to number 96 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 2012 with sales of 48,000 copies.[75]

American singer Ariana Grande released a version of the song on June 6, 2017, to raise money at her benefit concert One Love Manchester after 22 people were killed in the Manchester Arena bombing at Grande's concert on May 22, 2017.[76] Her live performance at the benefit concert was televised two days prior, i.e. on June 4, 2017. The song was then added to the setlist of her Dangerous Woman Tour.[77] The version peaked at number 60 on the UK Singles Chart on the week ending June 22, 2017.[78]

In 2017 to raise money for BBC Children in Need, 1,788 children sang the song in unison from 10 towns across the UK.[79][80] The choirs performed simultaneously and through out the song it would cut between the choirs giving each choir 10–20 seconds. This was all done live as they sang. The choirs sang from: Elstree at Elstree Studios the studio, just outside of London, where the main telethon was held,[80] Manchester at The Science and Industry Museum,[80] Bristol at Aerospace,[80] Glasgow at BBC Pacific Quay,[80] Newcastle at The Discovery Museum,[80] Newbury at Brockhurst and Marlston House School,[80] Belfast at The Ulster Folk and Transport Museum,[80] Halifax at The Piece Hall,[80] Cardiff at The Broadcasting House[80] and Nottingham at The Albert Hall[80]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 134. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
  2. ^ Gioia, Ted (2012). The Jazz Standards: A Guide to the Repertoire. New York City: Oxford University Press. pp. 328–330. ISBN 978-0-19-993739-4.
  3. ^ Shapiro, Gary. "'Over the Rainbow': The Story Behind the Song of the Century". Columbia News. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
  4. ^ Frisch, Walter (2017). Arlen and Harburg's Over the Rainbow. Oxford University Press. p. 20.
  5. ^ Alonso, Harriet Hyman (2012). Yip Harburg: Legendary Lyricist and Human Rights Activist. Wesleyan University Press. p. 106.
  6. ^ Garland, Judy (August 31, 2009). "Over the Rainbow". MusicNotes. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  7. ^ Frisch, Walter (2017). Arlen and Harburg's Over the Rainbow. Oxford University Press. p. 22.
  8. ^ "Violin used for Wizard of Oz's Over the Rainbow expected to reach $20m at auction". the Guardian. June 3, 2022. Retrieved June 12, 2022.
  9. ^ "C'era Mascagni sulla strada di Oz". September 30, 2017.
  10. ^ "The Wizard of Oz Soundtracks (MGM label)". The Judy Room. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011.
  11. ^ "The Wizard of Oz (Rhino Movie Music label)". The Judy Room. Archived from the original on January 26, 2012.
  12. ^ Garland, Judy. "The Wizard of Oz (Decca label)". The Judy Room. Archived from the original on September 26, 2007.
  13. ^ https://www.grammy.com/awards/hall-of-fame-award#o [bare URL]
  14. ^ Scott Brogan. "Judy Garland MP3's". Thejudyroom.com. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  15. ^ Over the Rainbow. London: Francis, Day, & Hunter, Ltd.
  16. ^ "National Recording Registry Picks Are 'Over the Rainbow'". Library of Congress. March 29, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  17. ^ Shriver, Jerry (June 13, 2014). "Songwriters gala links old and new with a 'Rainbow'". USA Today.
  18. ^ May, Patrick (June 8, 2017). "'Over the Rainbow': 10 things to know about classic American song". The Mercury News. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
  19. ^ "NASA Human Spaceflight Database – STS-88 Wakeup Calls". Archived from the original on May 16, 2001.
  20. ^ "Family: Wilder passed to 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow'". USA Today. August 29, 2016. Retrieved October 15, 2016.
  21. ^ Hautman, Nicholas (August 30, 2016). "Gene Wilder Died Holding Hands With His Family While Listening to 'Over the Rainbow'". US Weekly. Retrieved October 15, 2016.
  22. ^ Dick McBougall, Down Beat 12/1937
  23. ^ Over the Rainbow, Swing-Orchester Heinz Wehner, engl. Refraingesang Heinz Wehner, Telefunken A 10101, Matrizennummer 24836, recorded March 23, 1940
  24. ^ Wenn Du in meinen Träumen (Over the Rainbow), Inge Brandenburg mit dem NDR-Tanzorchester, recorded November 2, 1960
  25. ^ "Israel Kamakawiwoʻole: The Voice Of Hawaii". 50 Great Voices. NPR. December 6, 2010. Retrieved December 16, 2015. Then I put up some microphones, do a quick sound check, roll tape, and the first thing he does is 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow.' He played and sang, one take, and it was over.
  26. ^ Billboard, page 65 (February 7, 2004).
  27. ^ "Gold & Platinum Searchable Database – November 22, 2012". RIAA. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  28. ^ a b Trust, Gary (October 21, 2014). "Ask Billboard: The Weird Connections Between Mary Lambert & Madonna". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved April 3, 2023.
  29. ^ a b "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank ('Over the Rainbow')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
  30. ^ "Musik-Jahrescharts: "Sanfter Riese" und der Graf setzen sich durch – media control". Media-control.de. Archived from the original on January 7, 2011. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  31. ^ ""Poker Face" knackt 500.000er-Download-Marke – media control". Media-control.de. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  32. ^ "600.000 Verkäufe: Michel Teló legt Download-Rekord hin – media control". Media-control.de. March 30, 2012. Archived from the original on September 28, 2018. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  33. ^ "musicline.de". Archived from the original on September 21, 2012. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
  34. ^ Steffen Hung. "Die Offizielle Schweizer Hitparade und Music Community". Hitparade.ch. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  35. ^ Flandez, Raymund (June 9, 2010). "'Glee' Season One Finale, 'Journey:' TV Recap". The Wall Street Journal. Les Hinton. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  36. ^ "Glee is number 1 Again" (Press release). PR Newswire. May 26, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  37. ^ "Top 40 Official UK Singles Archive: 26th June 2010". Official Charts Company. June 26, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
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