Jump to content

Saharsa: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 25°53′N 86°36′E / 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Disambiguation links added
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|City and municipal corporation in Bihar, India}}
{{External links|date=June 2009}}
{{About|a municipality in India|its namesake district|Saharsa district}}
{{Cleanup|date=June 2009}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->{{Infobox Indian Jurisdiction |
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
native_name = Saharsa |
{{Infobox settlement
type = city |
| name = Saharsa
latd = 25.88 | longd = 86.6|
| nickname =
locator_position = right |
| settlement_type =
state_name = Bihar |
[[File:Matsyagandha_Lake.jpg|220x124px|thumb|right|alt=Matsyagandha lake|Matsyagandha lake]]
district = [[Saharsa district|Saharsa]] |
| pushpin_map = India Bihar
leader_title = |
| pushpin_label_position = right
leader_name = |
| pushpin_map_alt =
altitude = 41|
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
population_as_of = 2001 |
| coordinates = {{coord|25.88|N|86.6|E|display=inline,title}}
population_total = 124015|
| subdivision_type = Country
population_density = |
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
area_magnitude= sq. km |
| subdivision_type1 = State
area_total = |
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Bihar Government Banner.png}} [[Bihar]]
area_telephone = |
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Region]]
postal_code = |
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]]
vehicle_code_range = |
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts in India|District]]
sex_ratio = |
| subdivision_name3 = [[Saharsa district|Saharsa]]
unlocode = |
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
website = |
| established_date = 1954
footnotes = |
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Municipal corporation]]
| governing_body = [[Saharsa Municipal Corporation]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank = 2nd in [[Bihar]]
| area_total_km2 = 243.8
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 41
| population_total = 1,56,540<ref>{{cite web|date=2011|title=Saharsa District Census Handbook 2011 – Part B|url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s38eefcfdf5990e441f0fb6f3fad709e21/uploads/2018/03/2018031129.pdf|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921194337/https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s38eefcfdf5990e441f0fb6f3fad709e21/uploads/2018/03/2018031129.pdf|archive-date=21 September 2022}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank = 15th in Bihar
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]]
| demographics1_title2 = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu language|Urdu]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=22 January 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title3 = Regional
| demographics1_info3 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]]
<!-- | Education_type = Education
| Education = 77.66 (commented out as template does not contain this parameter) -->| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 852201-852154-852221-852127 (Saharsa)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indiapincodes.net/Bihar/Saharsa/|title=Pin Codes of Saharsa, Bihar, India, Saharsa Pincode Search|website=indiapincodes.net}}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 916478
| registration_plate = BR-19
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 933 females per 1000 males [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 =
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Saharsa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Saharsa]]
| website = {{URL|http://saharsa.bih.nic.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-BR]]
| footnotes =
| leader_party = BJP
| leader_name = [[Alok Ranjan Jha]]
| leader_title = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly]]
| leader_title1 = [[DM]]
| leader_name1 = [[ Vaibhav Chaudhary]]
| leader_title2 = [[SP]]
| leader_name2 = [[ Himanshu ]]
}}
}}
'''Saharsa''' is a city and a [[municipality]] in the [[Saharsa district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]] in northeast [[India]], east of the [[Kosi River]]. It is the administrative headquarters of the [[Saharsa District]], and is in the [[Kosi Division]]. Sahrasa is also the name of the Parliamentary constituency, which contains the city and a major part of the district. The origin of the name ''Saharsa'' is unknown.
'''Saharsa''' is a city and municipal corporation in the [[Saharsa District]] in the eastern part of the state of [[Bihar]], [[India]]. It is situated near the eastern banks of the [[Kosi River]]. It serves as the administrative headquarters for the Saharsa District and is also the Divisional headquarters of the [[Kosi Division]].

The name ''Saharsa'' originates from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''Sahasra Dhara'' meaning 'land of thousand river tributaries'.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}} The regional language of the city is [[Maithili language|Maithili]]. Alongside Maithili, [[Hindi]] is widely understood and spoken.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10196/download/13308/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1000.XLSX|website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

Important temple as Diwari Asthan(maa vishhara/maa Mansa devi)about 1&nbsp;km parminiya halt railway station, Mateswar dham (kantho), Maa Katyani mandir (near dhamhra ghat railway station) Tara sthan (mahishi), Kali mandir (matsyagandha)etc.


==History==
==History==
Saharsa is part of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]],<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&pg=PA27 |title = Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective|isbn = 9788175330344|last1 = Jha|first1 = Makhan|year = 1997}}</ref> which first gained prominence after settlement by [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] tribes that established the [[Mithila Kingdom]] (also known as the Kingdom of the Videhas).<ref>[[Michael Witzel]] (1989), ''Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes'' ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143</ref> During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Videhas developed as one of the major political and cultural centres of [[South Asia]], along with ''Kuru'' and ''Pañcāla''. The kings of the Videhas Kingdom were referred to as [[Janaka]]s.<ref>{{cite book |author=Witzel, M. |author-link=Michael Witzel |year=1989 |chapter=Tracing the Vedic dialects |title=Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes |location=Paris |editor1-last=Caillat |editor1-first=C. |pages=141–143 |publisher=Fondation Hugot}}</ref>
Earlier Saharsa district was within Bhagalpur Division. Kosi Division was formed on 2 October 1972, comprising Saharsa, Purnia and Katihar district, with its headquarters at Saharsa. Similarly a new Civil Sub-Division Birpur was created on 1 December 1972, consisting of 24 development blocks viz. Raghopur, Chhatapur, Basantpur and Nirmali which were previously under Supaul subdivision of this district. Two new districts Madhepura & Supaul have been formed from Saharsa district on 30 April 1981 and 1991. Saharsa district now consists of 2 subdivisions, viz. Saharsa Sadar and Simri Bakhtiarpur. The district consists of 10 development blocks and anchals each.


The Videha Kingdom was later incorporated into the [[Vajjika League]], which had its capital in the city of [[Vaishali (ancient city)|Vaishali]], which is also located in Mithila.<ref>{{cite book |author=Hemchandra, R. |year=1972 |title=Political History of Ancient India |location=Calcutta |publisher=University of Calcutta}}</ref>
Saharsa was created on 1 April 1954. Formerly it had no independent status and parts of Saharsa were included in the old districts of Munger & Bhagalpur A large parts of the district in the past was subjected to annual floods and inundation by a host of rivers originating from the Himalayas. The sub terai was noted for rice cultivation before it was subjected to the vagaries of the unpredictable Koshi.


==Economy==
The district has been largely influenced by its geography. Whatever humans of historically important sites that may have existed here have been virtually started by the repeated flooding at the koshi during the last half century or so. With the efforts of some early Europeons however, some important historical objects or landmarks have been preserved in a few places and it is on the basis of these that some kind of a connected account of the early history of the district can be constructed.


==Geography==
===Agriculture===
[[File:Paddy Plantations near Saharsa Town, Koshi Anchal, Bihar.jpg|thumb|Paddy Plantations near Saharsa city, Koshi Anchal, Bihar region]]
Saharsa is located at {{Coord|25.88|N|86.6|E|}}[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/34/Saharsa.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Saharsa]. It has an average elevation of 41&nbsp;[[metre]]s (134&nbsp;[[foot (length)|feet]]).
It is a major producer of the best quality [[Maize|Corn]] and [[Euryale ferox|Makhana]] in India. From Saharsa, corn and Makhana are exported to [[United States|America]], [[Australia]], [[France]], [[Japan]], and [[England]]. Every year, 2 lakh metric tons of corn are exported to different countries, and similarly, to Makhana. The following crops are grown in the region: [[Euryale ferox|Makhana]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/Lake2002abs/ses124.html |title=Session 12 |publisher=Ces.iisc.ernet.in |accessdate=2022-12-25}}</ref> [[rice]], [[mango]]es, [[litchi]], [[bamboo]], [[Mustard oil|mustard]], [[Maize|corn]], [[wheat]], and [[sugarcane]]. Apple Ber, [[Teak|Sagwan]], or Teak [[Teak|Tectona Grandis]] trees are grown on a large scale.


==Air Transport==
Saharsa and its surrounding areas are a flat alluvial plain forming part of the Kosi ([[Dudh Kosi]]) river basin. This makes the land very fertile. However, frequent changes in the course of the [[Kosi River]], one of the largest tributaries of the [[Ganga|Ganges]], [http://ponce.sdsu.edu/kosi_river_india.html][http://www.himalmag.com/apr2001/essay2.html] have led to soil erosion. Flooding is a major reason for the poor connectivity of the area as [[bridge]]s tend to get washed away. Major flooding occurs almost annually, causing a significant loss of life and property<ref>[http://www.indiadaily.org/entry/13-districts-457-villages-drown-in-flood-in-bihar/ Bihar Flood]</ref>. The famous conversation between Mandan Mishra and Shankracharya took place in Mahishi in Saharsa.
[[Darbhanga Airport]] is the nearest operational airport roughly 97&nbsp;km away via road. [[SpiceJet|Spicejet]] and [[IndiGo|Indigo]] operate flights to cities including Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad.
In Sahara district, the main problems of the people are poverty, unemployment, and literacy. After the Kosi flood in 2008, problems of the people have been increased.
One can reach Saharsa by rail and by road from [[New Delhi]], [[Patna]], and [[Mumbai]].


== Geography ==
The main education Hubs are MLT saharsa College Saharsa, Mahila College, Zila School, etc
Saharsa is located at {{Coord|25.88|N|86.6|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/34/Saharsa.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Saharsa, India|website=fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 41&nbsp;metres (134&nbsp;feet). Saharsa and its surrounding areas occupy a flat [[alluvial plain]] forming part of the [[Koshi River|Kosi]] river basin. The city lies in the Kosi alluvial [[megafan]], one of the largest [[alluvial fan]]s in the world. The land is very fertile but frequent changes in the course of the Kosi, one of the largest tributaries of the [[Ganges]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ponce.sdsu.edu/kosi_river_india.html|title = Kosi river, India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.himalmag.com/apr2001/essay2.html |title=Himal South Asian-August-2000 |access-date=2006-10-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625184456/http://www.himalmag.com/apr2001/essay2.html |archive-date=25 June 2007 }}</ref> have led to the problems associated with soil erosion. Flooding is a major reason for the poor connectivity of the area; bridges are often washed away. Major flooding occurs almost annually, causing a significant loss of life and property.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiadaily.org/entry/13-districts-457-villages-drown-in-flood-in-bihar/|title=Bihar Flood}}</ref>


==Demographics==
===Rivers===
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]]<ref>{{GR|India}}</ref>, Saharsa had a population of 124,015. Males constitute 54% of the population and females 46%. Saharsa has an average literacy rate of 58%, lower than the national average of 64.4%: male literacy is 66%(national average:75.6%), and female literacy is 48%(national average:54.2%). In Saharsa, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age. Bangaon has a very important contribution in entire sectoral development of Saharsa. In the field of Media, The resident of Bangaon, Kumar Narottam, is now working in Business Standard, New Delhi as a reporter.


[[File:Water Logging in the Town, Saharsa.jpg|thumb|Flooding is a common occurrence in the city]]
The student of Bhulia( a small village of this district)is doing well in education field.From this village so many people are Doctor,Engineer.Engineer are working in Public Sector & MNC. '''==Agriculture=='''
[[File:Rajwanshi Nagar, Koshi Chowk, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar.jpg|thumb|Rajwanshi Nagar, Koshi Chowk, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar]]
* Food Crop: [[Rice|Paddy]]
* Cash Crop: [[Euryale ferox|Makhana]] (Euryale ferox Salisb) [http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/Lake2002abs/ses124.html]
* Mango
* Mustard
* Corn
* Wheat


The [[Koshi River]] and its tributaries flood annually, affecting about 21,000 km<sup>2</sup> (8,100 sq mi) of fertile agricultural lands and affecting the rural economy. This is the most devastating river in Bihar, earning it the epithet "Sorrow of Bihar".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/geomorphology/GEO_4/GEO_PLATE_F-19.HTML |title=Geo_Plate_F-19.HTML |access-date=2006-10-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929065044/http://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/geomorphology/GEO_4/GEO_PLATE_F-19.HTML |archive-date=29 September 2006 }}</ref>
==Industry==
* [[Jute]] Factory
* [[Soap]] Factory
* [[Chocolate]] Factory
* [[Biscuit]] Factory


The [[Bagmati River]] regularly breaches its embankments and frequently changes its meandering courses. The annual rate of deposition of alluvium is very high.{{citation needed|date=October 2018}} The [[Gandak River]] also flows through the southern part of Saharsa.
==Rivers==
*Kosi and its tributaries [http://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/geomorphology/GEO_4/GEO_PLATE_F-19.HTML]
This is the most devastating river of Bihar and it earns the epithet "SORROW OF BIHAR".
*Bagmati


===Demographics===
==Communication Links==
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2014}}
Saharsa is connected by railway and roadways to other major towns in Bihar. National Highway [[NH 107]] connects it to [[Maheshkhunt]] and [[Purnia]][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_National_Highways_in_India]. The rural road network is in need of improvement<ref>[http://www.omms.nic.in/citizens/dynamic/imsreport/CostAnalysisPerKM.asp?state=BR&cmbstate=Bihar&district=29&cmbdistrict=Saharsa&year=&cmbyear=&reportlevel=2 Per kilometre Cost for Bihar]</ref>.
In 2011, Saharsa had a population of 1,897,102, of which 995,502 and 901,600 were male and female, respectively. There was a change of 25.79 percent in the population compared to the population as of 2001. In the previous census of India in 2001, Saharsa District recorded an increase of 33.03 percent in its population compared to 1991.


The initial provisional data suggest a density of 1,125 in 2011 compared to 895 in 2001. The total area under the Saharsa district is about 1,686 square kilometres (651 sq mi).
Sahrsa does not have public transportation links by air (there is an air strip reserved for government use but no commercial flights exist) or waterways, but '''train connections''' can be made. It is connected to Kolkata by a direct train, the "Hate Bazaare Express". In early 2006, a much awaited [[broad gauge]] line connected it to [[Khagaria]] on the [[New Delhi]]-[[Guwahati]] main line. In early 2006, a weekly train was started to connect it to the national capital, [[New Delhi]]. In October 2006, a low-fare completely air-conditioned weekly train, christened the "Garib Rath" (Poor's Chariot), has been started to connect Saharsa to [[Amritsar]], with much fanfare. Earlier there was only a metre gauge line on the Khagaria - Mansi - Saharsa - Forbesganj section of East Central railway).


The average literacy rate of Saharsa in 2011 was 54.57, compared to 39.08 of 2001. Male and female literacy were 65.22 and 42.73, respectively. For the 2001 census, the same figures stood at 51.66 and 25.27 in Saharsa District. The total number of literates in Saharsa District was 829,206, with 521,560 males and 307,646 females. In 2001, Saharsa District had 465,577 in its total region.
The city is also served by '''India Post'''. Its Postal Code is: 852201.


The sex ratio in Saharsa stood at 906 females per 1000 males compared to the 2001 census figure of 910. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per the latest reports of the Census 2011 Directorate.<ref name="census">An official Census detail of Saharsa, a district of Bihar has been released by Directorate of Census Operations in Bihar. Enumeration of key persons was also done by census officials in Saharsa District of Bihar.</ref>
Landline '''telephone services''' have been augmented by cellular services; the quality deteriorates as one moves away from the city centre. '''Internet''' connectivity is still very basic: a few cyber cafes provide limited broadband service, and internet service in private homes is only beginning. Mobile services are working up to the rural areas, leading mobile companies like, Airtel, Reliance, Tata, BSNL, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea, Smart are working here.


==Tourist Places==
==Communication links==
{{See also|List of National Highways in India}}
*MatasyaGandha Lake
*Rajeshwar Asthan Nowhatta
*Tara Asthan
*Chandi Asthan, Viratpur
*Karu Khirhar
*Kali Mandir (Bara)[http://www.wikimapia.org/#lat=25.924475&lon=86.5206653&z=18&l=0&m=b&v=8]
*Sihaul Durga Mandir(van devi)
*Maheshi <ref>[http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/maheshi/page3.htm Maheshi]</ref>
*Singheshwar Sthan <ref>[http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/bihar/singheshwarsthan/index.htm Singheshwar Sthan]</ref>
*Sun temple kandaha</b>[http://wikimapia.org/5616590/hi/]
*Ma Durga Shaktipeeth Baijnathpur (Swami Durganand Sharshswati )
*Sonbarsa Raj (Raj Mahal) <ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonbarsa_raj_bihar Sonbarsa Raj]</ref>
* Astbhuja Mandir, Sisauni
* Matheshwer Sthan Kanthon
*Sri Aadi kali Asthan,Chainpur(Middle)
*Ugna Mahadev Mandir,Chainpur(East)
*Durga Mandir, Chainpur
*Vishnu sthan, chainpur
*Radha Krishna Kuti, chainpur
*Durga Mandir Dhabouli
*Mahabir Mandir Dhabouli
*Shiv Mandir Dhabouli
*Durga Mandir Golma


{{rws|Saharsa Junction}} is a railway station under the [[East Central Railway]]. Saharsa Junction covers up to {{rws|Purnia Junction}}, Forbesganj Station, and {{rws|Khagaria Junction}}. It is an A-category railway station under the [[Samastipur railway division]]. This railway junction has been certified as '''ISO 14001:2015''' for environmental management. Saharsa Junction is one of the top 50 rail ticket booking stations in [[India]] and one of the top 3 rail ticket booking stations in [[East Central Railway zone|ECR]]. In early 2005, a much-awaited [[broad gauge]] line connected it to [[Khagaria]] on the New Delhi-[[Guwahati]] main line. Earlier, there was only a meter-gauge line on the Khagaria – Mansi – Forbesganj section of the East Central Railway. Saharsa is directly connected to [[New Delhi railway station|New Delhi]], [[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]], [[Kolkata railway station|Kolkata]], [[Amritsar railway station|Amritsar]], [[Bandra railway station|Bandra]] the [[Ranchi]] via Train.
==Language and Culture==
*[[Maithili language|Maithili]]
*[[Hindi]]
*[[Urdu]]
*Bhojpuri


Saharsa is well connected to the other parts of Bihar. The central government of India has selected Saharsa as the highway hub of the state.
==Education==
=== Colleges ===
:1. saharsa college Saharsa
:2. Sarva Narayan Singh Ram kumar Singh college
:3. R M College
:4. Ramesh Jha Mahila College
:5. D.C College,Simribakhtiyarpur


Saharsa – Purnia 4-lane Highway (NH107)
===Schools===
:1. Zila School Saharsa
:2. Zila Girl School Saharsa
:4. Saraswati shisu vidyalaya
:5. S.S High School Nowhatta
:6. St Xavier's school
:7. Navodaya vidyalaya
:8. Veer Kunwar singh high school
:9. Jail Colony High School
:10. Kalawati High School
:11. Fooldai Kanya Ucch Vidyalaya
:12. Kendriya Vidyalaya Saharsa
:13. Simribakhtiyar Pur High School
:14. Islamia High School, Simribakhtiyarpur
:15. Chakbharo High School,Simribakhtiyarpur
:16. Senior Besic School, Hati
:17. Apurv uchcha vidyalaya Sisauni (Balwahat)
:18.Bhagirath High School (Chainpur)
:19.Sashi kala middle School(Chainpur)
:20.Girl School, chainpur
:21.Buddha Public School {affiliated to cbse}
:22. M M Das High School, Salkhua
:23. Middle school Bahuarva at Udaina
:24. MIMANSA SCHOOL
:25 KINDER GARTEN (HIGH SCHOOL)


Saharsa – Supaul 4-lane Highway (NH327E)
==Rajeshwar Ashtan==
'''Rajeshwar Asthan''' is the temple of god Shiva situated in Nowhatta.
3QWR45DG


Saharsa – Madhubani Highway (NH527E)
==See also==
*[[Saharsa district]]
*[[Districts of Bihar]]
*[[Villages in Bihar]]
*[[Bangaon Village|Sihaul]]
*[[Bangaon Village|Bangaon]]
*[[Chainpur, Bihar]]


NH527E has the longest River bridge in Indilength, the Length of the bridge is 10&nbsp;km, The Highway also connects Saharsa to Paradip Sea Port via Darbhanga, Samastipur, Barh, Hazarand Ibagh, Keonjhar to Paradip seaport.
==References==
{{Reflist}}


Saharsa does not have an air transport service, though there is an airstrip reserved for government use. [[Darbhanga Airport]] is the nearest domestic airport roughly 88&nbsp;km away by road. The city is also served by India Post. Its Postal Code is 852201.
==External links==
* [http://www.worldbank.org/lsms/country/india/UP-Bihar%20SLC%20introduction.pdf World Bank, ''Living Standards Measurement Study'']
* [http://saharsa.bih.nic.in/ Official website of Saharsa]
* [[Bihar train disaster]] (1981)
* [http://www.saharsa.in/ http://saharsa.in]
* [http://www.topix.com/in/saharsa Saharsa news]
* [http://koshilive.com/ koshi region website of Saharsa]


== Educational Institutes ==
{{Kosi Division}}
{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
* Abhyuday International School
* Snehi Sangeetalaya
* ANSS High school saharsa (jail colony)
* [[Lord Buddha Koshi Medical College and Hospital]]
*[[Shree Narayan Medical Institute and Hospital]]
*[[Saharsa College of Engineering]]
* Benevolent Global Public School
* Buddha Public School
* Creative Mind Residential School
* CTE Saharsa
* Darjeeling Public School
* DAV Central School, Saharsa
* Delhi Public School
* Doon Public School *
* East N West Teachers Training College
* Eklavya Central School
* Evening college
* Global English Medium School
* Green Field School
* Indian High School saharsa
* ITI Saharsa
* Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya – JNV Saharsa
* Jay Pratap Singh Public School
* Kendriya Vidiyalaya Saharsa
* Kid Care School, Saharsa Bihar
* Manohar High School
* Master Mind Public School
* Govt. Girls High School
* Middle School Sulindabad
* मिलेनियम किड्स अकादमी स्कूल – शिवपुरी, सहरसा.
* MLT College Saharsa
* Mukami Mission Academy
* R.M.M. Law College
* Rachana Public School
* Rajendra Mishra College
* S M Carmel School
* Sarvodaya Public School
* Shanti Mission Academy
* Shanti Niketan Shikshan Sansthan
* S.R.M School
* SNSRKS College
* St Paul's School
* St. Micheal Academy
* St.Xavier
* Tagore Residential School
* Tuition Bureau
* Vairagya International Public School
* Vimal Bharti School
* Zila Girls High School
* Green Crescent Children's Academy
* +2 Islamia High School
* Zila Boys School Saharsa
* Excellence Residential Academy
* Mandan Bharti Agriculture College, Agwanpur Saharsa
{{Div col end}}


==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="134">
File:Broad Gauge Conversion near Rajwanshi Nagar, Saharsa.jpg|Broad Gauge Conversion near Rajwanshi Nagar, Saharsa
File:Kosi Bridge at Baluwaha Ghat near Saharsa Town.jpg|Kosi Bridge at Baluwaha Ghat near Saharsa City
File:Ugratara Shakti Peeth (Temple) in Mahishi, Near Saharsa Town.jpg|Ugratara Shakti Peeth (Temple) in Mahishi, Near Saharsa City
File:Ugratara Devi Shakti Peeth, Mahishi, Near Saharsa Town.jpg|Ugratara Devi Shakti Peeth, Mahishi, Near Saharsa City
File:Chandika Sthan Temple near Saharsa Town.jpg|Chandika Sthan Temple near Saharsa City
File:Matsyagandha Temple in Saharsa Town.jpg|Matsyagandha Temple in Saharsa City
</gallery>


==Notable people==
[[Category:Places of Mithila]]
*[[Maṇḍana Miśra]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Bihar]]
*[[Bindheshwari Prasad Mandal]], former [[Chief Minister of Bihar]]
*[[Tarkishore Prasad]], [[Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar]]
*[[Baldev Mishra]] writer
*[[Jamshedpur Gopeshwar]], politician
*[[Ulka Gupta]], actress
*[[Mehboob Ali Kaiser]], politician
*[[Rajkamal Choudhary]] writer

== See also ==
* [[List of cities in Bihar]]
*[[Majhaul]]
*[[Nauhatta]]
*[[Shankarpur]]
*[[Chainpur, Saharsa, Bihar|Chainpur]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Kosi Division}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Saharsa| ]]
[[bn:সহর্ষ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Mithila, India]]
[[bpy:সহর্ষ]]
[[it:Saharsa]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Saharsa district]]
[[mr:सहर्सा]]
[[pt:Saharsa]]
[[sv:Saharsa]]
[[vi:Saharsa]]

Latest revision as of 12:35, 10 December 2024

This article is about a municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Saharsa district.

Saharsa
Matsyagandha lake
Matsyagandha lake
Saharsa is located in Bihar
Saharsa
Saharsa
Location in Bihar, India
Coordinates: 25°53′N 86°36′E / 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6
Country India
State Bihar
RegionMithila
DistrictSaharsa
Government
 • TypeMunicipal corporation
 • BodySaharsa Municipal Corporation
 • Member of the Legislative AssemblyAlok Ranjan Jha (BJP)
 • DMVaibhav Chaudhary
 • SPHimanshu
Area
 • Total
243.8 km2 (94.1 sq mi)
 • Rank2nd in Bihar
Elevation
41 m (135 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
156,540[1]
 • Rank15th in Bihar
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
 • Additional officialUrdu[2]
 • RegionalMaithili
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
852201-852154-852221-852127 (Saharsa)[3]
Telephone code916478
ISO 3166 codeIN-BR
Vehicle registrationBR-19
Sex ratio933 females per 1000 males ♂/♀
Vidhan Sabha constituencySaharsa
Websitesaharsa.bih.nic.in

Saharsa is a city and municipal corporation in the Saharsa District in the eastern part of the state of Bihar, India. It is situated near the eastern banks of the Kosi River. It serves as the administrative headquarters for the Saharsa District and is also the Divisional headquarters of the Kosi Division.

The name Saharsa originates from the Sanskrit word Sahasra Dhara meaning 'land of thousand river tributaries'.[citation needed] The regional language of the city is Maithili. Alongside Maithili, Hindi is widely understood and spoken.[4]

Important temple as Diwari Asthan(maa vishhara/maa Mansa devi)about 1 km parminiya halt railway station, Mateswar dham (kantho), Maa Katyani mandir (near dhamhra ghat railway station) Tara sthan (mahishi), Kali mandir (matsyagandha)etc.

History

[edit]

Saharsa is part of the Mithila region,[5] which first gained prominence after settlement by Indo-Aryan tribes that established the Mithila Kingdom (also known as the Kingdom of the Videhas).[6] During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Videhas developed as one of the major political and cultural centres of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Videhas Kingdom were referred to as Janakas.[7]

The Videha Kingdom was later incorporated into the Vajjika League, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also located in Mithila.[8]

Economy

[edit]

Agriculture

[edit]
Paddy Plantations near Saharsa city, Koshi Anchal, Bihar region

It is a major producer of the best quality Corn and Makhana in India. From Saharsa, corn and Makhana are exported to America, Australia, France, Japan, and England. Every year, 2 lakh metric tons of corn are exported to different countries, and similarly, to Makhana. The following crops are grown in the region: Makhana,[9] rice, mangoes, litchi, bamboo, mustard, corn, wheat, and sugarcane. Apple Ber, Sagwan, or Teak Tectona Grandis trees are grown on a large scale.

Air Transport

[edit]

Darbhanga Airport is the nearest operational airport roughly 97 km away via road. Spicejet and Indigo operate flights to cities including Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad. One can reach Saharsa by rail and by road from New Delhi, Patna, and Mumbai.

Geography

[edit]

Saharsa is located at 25°53′N 86°36′E / 25.88°N 86.6°E / 25.88; 86.6.[10] It has an average elevation of 41 metres (134 feet). Saharsa and its surrounding areas occupy a flat alluvial plain forming part of the Kosi river basin. The city lies in the Kosi alluvial megafan, one of the largest alluvial fans in the world. The land is very fertile but frequent changes in the course of the Kosi, one of the largest tributaries of the Ganges,[11][12] have led to the problems associated with soil erosion. Flooding is a major reason for the poor connectivity of the area; bridges are often washed away. Major flooding occurs almost annually, causing a significant loss of life and property.[13]

Rivers

[edit]
Flooding is a common occurrence in the city
Rajwanshi Nagar, Koshi Chowk, Saharsa (Koshi Division), Bihar

The Koshi River and its tributaries flood annually, affecting about 21,000 km2 (8,100 sq mi) of fertile agricultural lands and affecting the rural economy. This is the most devastating river in Bihar, earning it the epithet "Sorrow of Bihar".[14]

The Bagmati River regularly breaches its embankments and frequently changes its meandering courses. The annual rate of deposition of alluvium is very high.[citation needed] The Gandak River also flows through the southern part of Saharsa.

Demographics

[edit]

In 2011, Saharsa had a population of 1,897,102, of which 995,502 and 901,600 were male and female, respectively. There was a change of 25.79 percent in the population compared to the population as of 2001. In the previous census of India in 2001, Saharsa District recorded an increase of 33.03 percent in its population compared to 1991.

The initial provisional data suggest a density of 1,125 in 2011 compared to 895 in 2001. The total area under the Saharsa district is about 1,686 square kilometres (651 sq mi).

The average literacy rate of Saharsa in 2011 was 54.57, compared to 39.08 of 2001. Male and female literacy were 65.22 and 42.73, respectively. For the 2001 census, the same figures stood at 51.66 and 25.27 in Saharsa District. The total number of literates in Saharsa District was 829,206, with 521,560 males and 307,646 females. In 2001, Saharsa District had 465,577 in its total region.

The sex ratio in Saharsa stood at 906 females per 1000 males compared to the 2001 census figure of 910. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per the latest reports of the Census 2011 Directorate.[15]

[edit]
See also: List of National Highways in India

Saharsa Junction is a railway station under the East Central Railway. Saharsa Junction covers up to Purnia Junction, Forbesganj Station, and Khagaria Junction. It is an A-category railway station under the Samastipur railway division. This railway junction has been certified as ISO 14001:2015 for environmental management. Saharsa Junction is one of the top 50 rail ticket booking stations in India and one of the top 3 rail ticket booking stations in ECR. In early 2005, a much-awaited broad gauge line connected it to Khagaria on the New Delhi-Guwahati main line. Earlier, there was only a meter-gauge line on the Khagaria – Mansi – Forbesganj section of the East Central Railway. Saharsa is directly connected to New Delhi, Sealdah, Kolkata, Amritsar, Bandra the Ranchi via Train.

Saharsa is well connected to the other parts of Bihar. The central government of India has selected Saharsa as the highway hub of the state.

Saharsa – Purnia 4-lane Highway (NH107)

Saharsa – Supaul 4-lane Highway (NH327E)

Saharsa – Madhubani Highway (NH527E)

NH527E has the longest River bridge in Indilength, the Length of the bridge is 10 km, The Highway also connects Saharsa to Paradip Sea Port via Darbhanga, Samastipur, Barh, Hazarand Ibagh, Keonjhar to Paradip seaport.

Saharsa does not have an air transport service, though there is an airstrip reserved for government use. Darbhanga Airport is the nearest domestic airport roughly 88 km away by road. The city is also served by India Post. Its Postal Code is 852201.

Educational Institutes

[edit]
  • Abhyuday International School
  • Snehi Sangeetalaya
  • ANSS High school saharsa (jail colony)
  • Lord Buddha Koshi Medical College and Hospital
  • Shree Narayan Medical Institute and Hospital
  • Saharsa College of Engineering
  • Benevolent Global Public School
  • Buddha Public School
  • Creative Mind Residential School
  • CTE Saharsa
  • Darjeeling Public School
  • DAV Central School, Saharsa
  • Delhi Public School
  • Doon Public School *
  • East N West Teachers Training College
  • Eklavya Central School
  • Evening college
  • Global English Medium School
  • Green Field School
  • Indian High School saharsa
  • ITI Saharsa
  • Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya – JNV Saharsa
  • Jay Pratap Singh Public School
  • Kendriya Vidiyalaya Saharsa
  • Kid Care School, Saharsa Bihar
  • Manohar High School
  • Master Mind Public School
  • Govt. Girls High School
  • Middle School Sulindabad
  • मिलेनियम किड्स अकादमी स्कूल – शिवपुरी, सहरसा.
  • MLT College Saharsa
  • Mukami Mission Academy
  • R.M.M. Law College
  • Rachana Public School
  • Rajendra Mishra College
  • S M Carmel School
  • Sarvodaya Public School
  • Shanti Mission Academy
  • Shanti Niketan Shikshan Sansthan
  • S.R.M School
  • SNSRKS College
  • St Paul's School
  • St. Micheal Academy
  • St.Xavier
  • Tagore Residential School
  • Tuition Bureau
  • Vairagya International Public School
  • Vimal Bharti School
  • Zila Girls High School
  • Green Crescent Children's Academy
  • +2 Islamia High School
  • Zila Boys School Saharsa
  • Excellence Residential Academy
  • Mandan Bharti Agriculture College, Agwanpur Saharsa
[edit]
  • Broad Gauge Conversion near Rajwanshi Nagar, Saharsa
    Broad Gauge Conversion near Rajwanshi Nagar, Saharsa
  • Kosi Bridge at Baluwaha Ghat near Saharsa City
    Kosi Bridge at Baluwaha Ghat near Saharsa City
  • Ugratara Shakti Peeth (Temple) in Mahishi, Near Saharsa City
    Ugratara Shakti Peeth (Temple) in Mahishi, Near Saharsa City
  • Ugratara Devi Shakti Peeth, Mahishi, Near Saharsa City
    Ugratara Devi Shakti Peeth, Mahishi, Near Saharsa City
  • Chandika Sthan Temple near Saharsa City
    Chandika Sthan Temple near Saharsa City
  • Matsyagandha Temple in Saharsa City
    Matsyagandha Temple in Saharsa City

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Saharsa District Census Handbook 2011 – Part B" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2022.
  2. ^ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  3. ^ "Pin Codes of Saharsa, Bihar, India, Saharsa Pincode Search". indiapincodes.net.
  4. ^ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  5. ^ Jha, Makhan (1997). Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective. ISBN 9788175330344.
  6. ^ Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143
  7. ^ Witzel, M. (1989). "Tracing the Vedic dialects". In Caillat, C. (ed.). Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes. Paris: Fondation Hugot. pp. 141–143.
  8. ^ Hemchandra, R. (1972). Political History of Ancient India. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
  9. ^ "Session 12". Ces.iisc.ernet.in. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
  10. ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Saharsa, India". fallingrain.com.
  11. ^ "Kosi river, India".
  12. ^ "Himal South Asian-August-2000". Archived from the original on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  13. ^ "Bihar Flood".
  14. ^ "Geo_Plate_F-19.HTML". Archived from the original on 29 September 2006. Retrieved 30 October 2006.
  15. ^ An official Census detail of Saharsa, a district of Bihar has been released by Directorate of Census Operations in Bihar. Enumeration of key persons was also done by census officials in Saharsa District of Bihar.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Saharsa&oldid=1262251224"