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{{Short description|Disk diagnostic utility for MS-DOS and Windows 9x}}
[[Image:Microsoft Scandisk (Windows 98).png|thumb|240px|SCANDISK operating in text mode on a [[Windows 98]] system.]]
{{Infobox software
'''SCANDISK''' or '''ScanDisk''' is a utility in [[MS-DOS]] and [[Microsoft Windows]] systems which checks and repairs [[file system]]s and bad [[Cluster (file system)|cluster]]s on the hard drive. It was introduced in MS-DOS version 6.2. Previous versions of MS-DOS supplied only the simpler, purely text-based program [[CHKDSK#DOS-based CHKDSK|CHKDSK]].
| name = Microsoft ScanDisk
| screenshot = Microsoft Scandisk (Windows 98).png
| screenshot_size = 300px
| caption = [[Text-based user interface|Text-based]] version of Microsoft ScanDisk running on [[Windows 98]]
| developer = [[Microsoft]]
| released = {{Start date and age|1993}}
| other_names = ScanDisk
| operating system = [[MS-DOS]] 6.2 and [[Windows 9x]]
| genre = [[Utility software]]
| license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] [[commercial software]]
}}
'''Microsoft ScanDisk''' (also called '''ScanDisk''') is a diagnostic utility program included in [[MS-DOS]] and [[Windows 9x]]. It checks and repairs [[file system]]s errors on a disk drive, while the system starts.


==Overview==
ScanDisk included a more user-friendly interface than MS-DOS CHKDSK, more command-line and other configuration options,<ref>[http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx/kb/199557 ScanDisk command-line options]</ref><ref>[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/105559 MS-DOS 6.2 SCANDISK.INI]</ref> and the ability to detect and sometimes recover from physical errors on the disk.<ref>This replaced and improved upon the limited ability offered by the [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/67223 MS-DOS Recover utility].</ref> Unlike CHKDSK, ScanDisk would also repair crosslinked files.<ref>[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/83140 How to repair crosslinked files with CHKDSK] notes that users with MS-DOS 6.2 or later should use Scandisk to repair the errors.</ref>
The program was first introduced in MS-DOS 6.2<ref name="RUNNINGMSDOS">{{Cite book|author-last=Wolverton|author-first=Van|title=Running MS-DOS Version 6.22 (20th Anniversary Edition), 6th Revised edition|date=2003|publisher=[[Microsoft Press]]|isbn=0-7356-1812-7}}</ref> and succeeded its simpler predecessor, <code>[[CHKDSK]]</code>. It included a more user-friendly interface than <code>CHKDSK</code>, more configuration options,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx/kb/199557 |title=ScanDisk command-line options |work=Microsoft Support |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |date=2007-01-23 |access-date=24 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/105559 |title=MS-DOS 6.2 ScanDisk.INI |work=Microsoft Support |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |date=2003-10-14 |access-date=24 December 2011}}</ref> and the ability to detect and (if possible) recover from physical errors on the disk. This replaced and improved upon the limited ability offered by the MS-DOS <code>[[recover (command)|recover]]</code> utility.<ref>{{cite web|title=What Does RECOVER Do? (Revision 3.0)|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/67223|work=Microsoft Support|publisher=Microsoft Corporation|access-date=24 December 2011|date=25 November 2003}}</ref> Unlike <code>CHKDSK</code>, ScanDisk would also repair crosslinked files.<ref>{{cite web|title=How to Fix Cross-linked Files (Revision: 2.0)|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/83140|work=Microsoft Support|publisher=Microsoft Corporation|access-date=24 December 2011|date=10 May 2003|quote=If you are running MS-DOS 6.2 or later, run ScanDisk, instead of [~snip~]}}</ref>


In [[Windows 95]] onwards, SCANDISK also had a [[graphical user interface]], although the [[text user interface|text interface]] continued to be available for use in single-tasking ("DOS") mode.<ref> [http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc751229.aspx Windows 95 Documentation]</ref><ref>[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/186365 Description of Scandisk for Windows] from the Windows 98/Me documentation.</ref>
In [[Windows 95]] onwards, ScanDisk also had a [[graphical user interface]], although the [[text-based user interface]] continued to be available for use in single-tasking ("DOS") mode.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc751229.aspx |title=Windows 95 Documentation |work=[[Microsoft TechNet]] |publisher=Microsoft Corporation |date=1996-03-03 |access-date=24 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Description of ScanDisk for Windows (Scandskw.exe) in Windows 98/Me (Revision: 1.3)|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/186365|work=Microsoft Support|publisher=Microsoft Corporation|access-date=24 December 2011|date=23 January 2007}}</ref>


SCANDISK can't check [[NTFS]] disk drives and therefore isn't available for computers running [[Windows NT|NT based]] (including [[Windows 2000]], [[Windows XP]], etc.) versions of Windows: a newer [[CHKDSK#Windows NT-based CHKDSK|CHKDSK]] is provided instead (not to be confused with the older MS-DOS [[CHKDSK#DOS-based CHKDSK|CHKDSK]]).
However, ScanDisk cannot check [[NTFS]] disk drives, and therefore it is unavailable for computers that may be running [[Windows NT|NT based]] (including [[Windows 2000]], [[Windows XP]], etc.) versions of Windows; for the purpose, a newer <code>CHKDSK</code> is provided instead.


On [[Unix-like]] systems there are tools like "fsck_msdosfs" to do the same task.<ref name="freebsd_org-man_cgi_query_fsck_msdosfs_apropos_0_sektion_0_manpath_FreeBSD_7_2-RELEASE_format_html">{{cite web|title=fsck_msdosfs|url=http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_msdosfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.2-RELEASE&format=html}} 091108 freebsd.org</ref>
On [[Unix-like]] systems, there are tools like <code>fsck_msdosfs</code><ref>{{cite web|title=FSCK_MSDOSFS|url=http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_msdosfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.2-RELEASE&format=html|work=FreeBSD System Manager's Manual|publisher=The FreeBSD Project|date=13 August 1995|access-date=24 December 2011}}</ref> and <code>dosfsck</code> to do the same task.


== See also ==
==See also==
* [[fsck]]
* [[fsck]]
* [[CHKDSK]]
* [[List of DOS commands]]
* [[File Allocation Table|FAT]]
* [[FAT16]]
* [[FAT32]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==Further reading==
*{{Cite book|author-last=Cooper|author-first=Jim|title=Special Edition Using MS-DOS 6.22, Third Edition|date=2001|publisher=[[Que Publishing]]|isbn=978-0789725738}}
* [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/186365 Description of ScanDisk for Windows (Scandskw.exe) in Windows 98/Me] – Microsoft TechNet article
*{{Cite book|last=Stinson|first=Craig|title=Running Microsoft Windows 98|year=1998|publisher=Microsoft Press|location=Redmond, Washington|isbn=1-57231-681-0|url=https://archive.org/details/runningmicrosoft00stin_0|access-date=24 December 2011|chapter=ch. 16: Optimizing, Maintaining, and Troubleshooting|url-access=registration}}


==External links==
⚫
{{Windows Components}}
{{Wikibooks|Guide to Windows Commands}}


{{Windows commands}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scandisk}}
⚫
{{Windows Components|management}}
⚫
[[Category:Windows components]]
[[Category:Microsoft Windows file system technology]]
[[Category:DOS on IBM PC compatibles]]
⚫
[[Category:Windows 98]]


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[[Category:External DOS commands]]
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[[Category:Hard disk software]]
[[el:Scandisk]]
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[[fr:Scandisk]]
[[ko:스캔디스크]]
[[it:Scandisk]]
[[ja:スキャンディスク]]
[[pl:SCANDISK]]
[[pt:Scandisk]]
[[ru:Scandisk]]
[[sv:ScanDisk]]
[[vi:SCANDISK]]

Latest revision as of 12:19, 10 May 2022

Microsoft ScanDisk
Other namesScanDisk
Developer(s)Microsoft
Initial release1993; 31 years ago (1993)
Operating systemMS-DOS 6.2 and Windows 9x
TypeUtility software
LicenseProprietary commercial software

Microsoft ScanDisk (also called ScanDisk) is a diagnostic utility program included in MS-DOS and Windows 9x. It checks and repairs file systems errors on a disk drive, while the system starts.

Overview

[edit]

The program was first introduced in MS-DOS 6.2[1] and succeeded its simpler predecessor, CHKDSK. It included a more user-friendly interface than CHKDSK, more configuration options,[2][3] and the ability to detect and (if possible) recover from physical errors on the disk. This replaced and improved upon the limited ability offered by the MS-DOS recover utility.[4] Unlike CHKDSK, ScanDisk would also repair crosslinked files.[5]

In Windows 95 onwards, ScanDisk also had a graphical user interface, although the text-based user interface continued to be available for use in single-tasking ("DOS") mode.[6][7]

However, ScanDisk cannot check NTFS disk drives, and therefore it is unavailable for computers that may be running NT based (including Windows 2000, Windows XP, etc.) versions of Windows; for the purpose, a newer CHKDSK is provided instead.

On Unix-like systems, there are tools like fsck_msdosfs[8] and dosfsck to do the same task.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Wolverton, Van (2003). Running MS-DOS Version 6.22 (20th Anniversary Edition), 6th Revised edition. Microsoft Press. ISBN 0-7356-1812-7.
  2. ^ "ScanDisk command-line options". Microsoft Support. Microsoft Corporation. 2007-01-23. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
  3. ^ "MS-DOS 6.2 ScanDisk.INI". Microsoft Support. Microsoft Corporation. 2003-10-14. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
  4. ^ "What Does RECOVER Do? (Revision 3.0)". Microsoft Support. Microsoft Corporation. 25 November 2003. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
  5. ^ "How to Fix Cross-linked Files (Revision: 2.0)". Microsoft Support. Microsoft Corporation. 10 May 2003. Retrieved 24 December 2011. If you are running MS-DOS 6.2 or later, run ScanDisk, instead of [~snip~]
  6. ^ "Windows 95 Documentation". Microsoft TechNet. Microsoft Corporation. 1996-03-03. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
  7. ^ "Description of ScanDisk for Windows (Scandskw.exe) in Windows 98/Me (Revision: 1.3)". Microsoft Support. Microsoft Corporation. 23 January 2007. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
  8. ^ "FSCK_MSDOSFS". FreeBSD System Manager's Manual. The FreeBSD Project. 13 August 1995. Retrieved 24 December 2011.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Guide to Windows Commands
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