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{{Short description|Indian antiseptic cream}}
{{good article}}
{{for|the former transport company|Boro'line Maidstone}}
{{for|the former transport company|Boro'line Maidstone}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
'''Boroline''' is an [[Over-the-counter drug|over the counter]] [[antiseptic]] cream sold in [[India]]. The brand was launched in 1929 in '''[[Kolkata]]''' by [[Gourmohan Dutta]], a [[Bengali people|Bengali]] merchant. Over the years, the brand's popularity soared, and it became an icon of national economic [[self-sufficiency]] in a nation that was still under the [[British India|British]] rule. It is still one of the more popular brands in India.
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox brand
| name = Boroline
| logo = Boroline Antiseptic Cream.jpg
| logo_upright =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| image =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| producttype = [[Antiseptic]]
⚫
| currentowner = G.D. Pharmaceuticals Private Limited, [[Kolkata]]
| producedby =
| country = [[India]]
| introduced = {{Start date and age|1929}}
| discontinued =
| related =
| markets =
| ambassadors = [[Raima Sen]], [[Sakshi Tanwar]], [[Vidya Balan]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160317/jsp/t2/story_74837.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331074400/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160317/jsp/t2/story_74837.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=31 March 2016 |title=Fashion |publisher=Telegraphindia.com |date=2016-03-17 |access-date=2016-10-14}}</ref>
| tagline =
| website = {{URL|boroline.com}}
}}


'''Boroline''' is an [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] [[antiseptic]] cream sold in [[India]] by G. D. Pharmaceuticals. The cream is marketed as a natural and [[Ayurveda|ayurvedic]] solution for various skin issues such as cuts, cracked lips, rough skin, and [[Infection|infections]].
It is meant to be used for cuts, cracked lips, cracked nipples, rough skin, and to treat [[infections]].<ref>GD Pharmaceuticals Private Limited: Boroline [http://www.boroline.com/boroline.php]</ref>


The product traces its origins to the [[Swadeshi movement]] prevalent in India in the 1920s. First produced in 1929 by Gour Mohan Dutta, the product gained popularity since it was one of the first antiseptic creams to be made in India. Dutta strategically marketed Boroline as a reflection of [[Culture of Bengal|Bengali culture]], tapping into [[Bengali nationalism|nationalistic]] sentiments. The packaging of the cream in green tubes featuring an elephant logo allowed it to be easily identified by [[Consumer|consumers]], especially those in rural areas. Post-independence, the company faced competition but adapted through branding and marketing efforts, including event sponsorship. Despite challenges such as production halts, Boroline is still in circulation {{As of|2024|lc=yes}}, and the brand accounted for over 60% of the parent company's revenue in 2016. It maintains a significant presence in Bengali culture and is known to evoke a sense of nostalgia amongst members of the community.
It is a combination of the antiseptic [[boric acid]], the astringent and sunscreen [[zinc oxide]], and the emollient [[lanolin]] [http://www.boroline.com/boroline.php]


== History ==
⚫
It is manufactured by G D Pharmaceuticals Private Limited and was created in 1929.
The history of Boroline traces back to the 1920s in India, during the height of the [[Swadeshi movement]], which advocated for [[Autarky|self-sufficiency]] and reduced reliance on [[British Empire|British]] imports. Gour Mohan Dutta, a [[Bengalis|Bengali]] merchant who dealt in imported cosmetics, embraced the Swadeshi movement to create locally-made alternatives with the assistance of his wife.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sriram |first=Malathy |date=2017-11-03 |title=Boroline: Soothing skin since 1929 |url=https://bloncampus.thehindubusinessline.com/columns/brand-basics/boroline-soothing-skin-since-1929/article9942044.ece |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=BLoC |language=en |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427225557/https://bloncampus.thehindubusinessline.com/columns/brand-basics/boroline-soothing-skin-since-1929/article9942044.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> One of his concoctions, an antiseptic cream made from a blend of boric acid and oil, garnered significant attention and quickly sold out in the [[Burrabazar]] markets where he sold his products. Recognizing the potential of his formulation, Dutta officially founded G. D. Pharmaceuticals in 1929 and named the product Boroline. The name is derived from ''boro'' (short for [[boric acid]]) and ''-oline'' from the Latin {{lang|la|oleum}} ({{trans|'oil'}}).<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Boroline Story: স্বদেশী আন্দোলন থেকে বঙ্গ জীবনের অঙ্গ হয়ে ওঠা! বোরোলিনের অজানা কাহিনি জেনে নিন.. |url=https://eisamay.com/business/business-news/boroline-a-cream-born-out-of-the-swadeshi-movement-under-british-rule-a-place-made-in-every-indians-home/articleshow/88078306.cms |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=Eisamay |language=bn |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427225509/https://eisamay.com/business/business-news/boroline-a-cream-born-out-of-the-swadeshi-movement-under-british-rule-a-place-made-in-every-indians-home/articleshow/88078306.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Marketed in distinctive green tubes adorned with an elephant logo, symbolizing strength, prosperity and inspired by the Hindu deity [[Ganesha]], Boroline swiftly gained popularity among Indian consumers, becoming a staple in households across Bengal.<ref name=":0" />
G D Pharmaceuticals over the years introduced and successfully marketed three more popular and effective products in India:


== Marketing ==
1)'''Suthol''' - an antiseptic liquid which takes care of all skin problems.
[[File:Boroline advertisment.jpg|thumb|Boroline advertisement in 1962]]
Early on, Dutta positioned Boroline as a product that was integral to [[Bengali culture]]. He only ran ads for the product in the [[Bengali language]] and targeted major Bengali events like [[Durga Puja]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Boroline, the Bengali Miracle Cream |url=https://www.thejuggernaut.com/bengali-antiseptic-cream-boroline-swadeshi-movement/ |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=The Juggernaut |language=en |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427225640/https://www.thejuggernaut.com/bengali-antiseptic-cream-boroline-swadeshi-movement |url-status=live }}</ref> As a result, the product became associated with the nationalistic sentiments prevalent during the time. During the early 1920s, it was considered a matter of pride to be using the locally made Boroline over other similar foreign creams.<ref name=":0" /> In 1947, during the [[Independence Day (India)|Independence Day]] celebrations, G. D. Pharmaceuticals ran an ad in national newspapers that distributed coupons for free tubes of Boroline. Over {{Lakh|1}} tubes of the antiseptic cream were reported to have been distributed as part of the promotion.<ref name=":1" />


After India's independence, the product experienced significant competition from homegrown counterfeits and knockoff products. Indian multinational conglomerate [[Emami]] released a product called BoroPlus that was endorsed by the actor [[Amitabh Bachchan]] and his wife [[Jaya Bachchan]] ({{née|Bhaduri}}). In response, G. D. Pharmaceuticals invested heavily in advertising. During the same time company also aggressively altered their branding to keep up with the times. A focus was made on establishing Boroline as the "original" antiseptic cream in India. An ad agency was contracted to write a jingle for the advertisement of Boroline across both [[West Bengal]] and India.<ref name=":2" /> The resulting [[jingle]], written by [[Rituparno Ghosh]], was the "Bongo jiboner ongo" ({{lang|bn|বঙ্গ জীবনের অঙ্গ}}), which implied that the cream was an integral part of Bengali life.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-05-31 |title=Rituparno Ghosh's jumpcut from fleeting ad films to meaningful cinema |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/rituparno-ghoshs-jumpcut-from-fleeting-ad-films-to-meaningful-cinema/articleshow/20357942.cms |access-date=2024-04-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125062609/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Rituparno-Ghoshs-jumpcut-from-fleeting-ad-films-to-meaningful-cinema/articleshow/20357942.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
2)'''Eleen''' - a perfumed light hair oil with the goodness of amla (Emblica officinalis) & vitamin-E.


Since the 1950's, the company was run by the founder's son Murari Mohan Dutta. Dutta poineered the idea of sponsoring sporting events and festivals in India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boroline |url=https://in.superbrands.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Boroline.pdf |url-status= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010115811/https://in.superbrands.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Boroline.pdf |archive-date=2023-10-10 |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=Superbrands India}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> In 1982, Boroline became one of the first sponsors for the Jawaharlal Nehru International Football Gold Cup (which went on to become the [[Nehru Cup]]), one of the first events to be broadcast in colour across India.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kapadia |first=Novy |title=Nehru Cup aims to build brand Team India |url=http://archive.asianage.com/football/nehru-cup-aims-build-brand-team-india-353 |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=The Asian Age |language=en}}</ref> The company became a permanent fixture in sporting events and festivals, cheering on players and organizing campaigns on the streets during festivals.<ref name=":2" /> As a result of these marketing efforts, Boroline's sales doubled and the brand gained a significant amount of recognition and brand loyalty. Even in rural areas, where most people were unable to read the advertisements, the cream was known as a {{lang|bn|haatiwala}} cream ({{Trans|cream with the elephant}}) due the company's iconic packaging and elephant logo.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=The Boroline Saga: From a Symbol of the Swadeshi Movement to a Bengali Household Staple |url=https://thewire.in/business/the-boroline-saga-from-a-symbol-of-the-swadeshi-movement-to-a-bengali-household-staple |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=The Wire |language=en |archive-date=12 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212010745/https://thewire.in/business/the-boroline-saga-from-a-symbol-of-the-swadeshi-movement-to-a-bengali-household-staple |url-status=live }}</ref>
3)'''Penorub''' - a medicated ointment which treats all sorts of aches, sprains, cramps & gives relief from arthritis.<ref>Contemporary Marketing: The Changing Face of Marketing in the 21st [http://books.google.com/books?id=lupICYa3BiIC&pg=PA53&lpg=PA53&dq=boroline+cream+1929&source=web&ots=-Gi2eFMrcU&sig=IEdTF155gxuqML3qEBMVTzRP9d0]</ref>


==References==
==Product==
Boroline is a combination of the antiseptic [[boric acid]], the [[astringent]] and sunscreen [[zinc oxide]], and the emollient [[lanolin]], and is marketed by G. D. Pharmaceuticals as a natural and [[Ayurveda|ayurvedic]] solution for various skin issues such as cuts, cracked lips, rough skin, and [[Infection|infections]].<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Smith |first1=P. R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gHXADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA587 |title=Marketing Communications: Integrating Online and Offline, Customer Engagement and Digital Technologies |last2=Zook |first2=Ze |date=2019-12-03 |publisher=Kogan Page Publishers |isbn=978-0-7494-9865-8 |pages=587 |language=en |access-date=28 April 2024 |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428142237/https://books.google.com/books?id=gHXADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA587#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite a temporary production halt in the 1990s due to government price regulations, Boroline continues to be available to consumers {{As of|2024|lc=y}} retaining its iconic green packaging.<ref name=":2" /> During [[World War II]], the company temporarily transitioned to alternate packaging, however the company included a note in these containers reassuring customers on each package that despite the change, the quality and quantity of ingredients remained consistent.<ref name=":3" />
<references />


The company operates two manufacturing facilities in [[Chakbagi]], West Bengal, and the Mohan Nagar Industrial Area, [[Ghaziabad]], responsible for producing Boroline. In 2016, Boroline contributed to over 60% of its sales of the company.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Aniek |date=2016-10-13 |title=It's business as usual for 87-year-old Boroline |url=https://www.livemint.com/Home-Page/lPdtZPKn9F1l2OZogkJSoJ/Its-business-as-usual-for-87yearold-Boroline.html |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Mint |language=en |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428002524/https://www.livemint.com/Home-Page/lPdtZPKn9F1l2OZogkJSoJ/Its-business-as-usual-for-87yearold-Boroline.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2021, the company recorded over $31.7 million in sales and $10.1 million in profits.<ref name=":2" />
⚫
==External links==
* [http://www.superbrandsindia.com/superbrands2003/boroline/ Borolie: Superbrand]


== In popular culture ==
Boroline was handed out for free to anyone who asked for it on 15 August 1947,India's Independence Day.
Boroline is considered a staple of Bengali culture.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Seth |first=Suhel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T9Eou4KwJx4C&pg=PT12 |title=Get to the Top |date=2011-10-01 |publisher=Random House India |isbn=978-81-8400-242-3 |pages=12 |language=en |access-date=28 April 2024 |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428033302/https://books.google.com/books?id=T9Eou4KwJx4C&pg=PT12 |url-status=live }}</ref> The product has been used by multiple generations of people in the Bengali community, leading to an inside joke claiming that Boroline can cure almost anything.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Conner |first1=Lesley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3duYEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA58 |title=Apex Magazine Issue 134 |last2=Sizemore |first2=Jason |date=2022-11-01 |publisher=Apex Publications |pages=58 |language=ar |access-date=28 April 2024 |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428033300/https://books.google.com/books?id=3duYEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA58 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, [[Sawan Dutta]] published a [[vlog]] titled a "Ode to Boroline" where she sung about the various ways in which Bengalis use the cream.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jha |first=Fiza |date=2019-11-24 |title=Boroline — the cure-all that is stuck in time but still brings joy, especially to Bengalis |url=https://theprint.in/feature/brandma/boroline-the-cure-all-that-is-stuck-in-time-but-still-brings-joy-especially-to-bengalis/324448/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428033301/https://theprint.in/feature/brandma/boroline-the-cure-all-that-is-stuck-in-time-but-still-brings-joy-especially-to-bengalis/324448/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pal |first=Chandrima |date=2019-11-21 |title=Boroline turns 90 |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/know/boroline-turns-90/article30036915.ece |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=BusinessLine |language=en |archive-date=28 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240428033514/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/know/boroline-turns-90/article30036915.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> Many of the commercials and associated products sold by G. D. Pharmaceuticals have been said to evoke a sense of nostalgia amongst members of the community.<ref name=":2" />


==References==
⚫
[[Category:Antiseptics]]
{{reflist}}


⚫
==External links==
* {{Official website|https://boroline.com/}}


[[Category:Pharmaceutical companies established in 1929]]
{{treatment-stub}}
[[Category:Pharmaceutical companies of India]]
⚫
[[Category:Antiseptics]]
[[Category:Indian brands]]
[[Category:Companies based in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1929]]
[[Category:Products introduced in 1929]]
[[Category:Culture of Bangladesh]]

Latest revision as of 19:59, 26 December 2024

For the former transport company, see Boro'line Maidstone.

Boroline
Product typeAntiseptic
OwnerG.D. Pharmaceuticals Private Limited, Kolkata
CountryIndia
Introduced1929; 95 years ago (1929)
Ambassador(s)Raima Sen, Sakshi Tanwar, Vidya Balan[1]
Websiteboroline.com

Boroline is an over-the-counter antiseptic cream sold in India by G. D. Pharmaceuticals. The cream is marketed as a natural and ayurvedic solution for various skin issues such as cuts, cracked lips, rough skin, and infections.

The product traces its origins to the Swadeshi movement prevalent in India in the 1920s. First produced in 1929 by Gour Mohan Dutta, the product gained popularity since it was one of the first antiseptic creams to be made in India. Dutta strategically marketed Boroline as a reflection of Bengali culture, tapping into nationalistic sentiments. The packaging of the cream in green tubes featuring an elephant logo allowed it to be easily identified by consumers, especially those in rural areas. Post-independence, the company faced competition but adapted through branding and marketing efforts, including event sponsorship. Despite challenges such as production halts, Boroline is still in circulation as of 2024, and the brand accounted for over 60% of the parent company's revenue in 2016. It maintains a significant presence in Bengali culture and is known to evoke a sense of nostalgia amongst members of the community.

History

[edit]

The history of Boroline traces back to the 1920s in India, during the height of the Swadeshi movement, which advocated for self-sufficiency and reduced reliance on British imports. Gour Mohan Dutta, a Bengali merchant who dealt in imported cosmetics, embraced the Swadeshi movement to create locally-made alternatives with the assistance of his wife.[2] One of his concoctions, an antiseptic cream made from a blend of boric acid and oil, garnered significant attention and quickly sold out in the Burrabazar markets where he sold his products. Recognizing the potential of his formulation, Dutta officially founded G. D. Pharmaceuticals in 1929 and named the product Boroline. The name is derived from boro (short for boric acid) and -oline from the Latin oleum (transl. 'oil').[3] Marketed in distinctive green tubes adorned with an elephant logo, symbolizing strength, prosperity and inspired by the Hindu deity Ganesha, Boroline swiftly gained popularity among Indian consumers, becoming a staple in households across Bengal.[2]

Marketing

[edit]
Boroline advertisement in 1962

Early on, Dutta positioned Boroline as a product that was integral to Bengali culture. He only ran ads for the product in the Bengali language and targeted major Bengali events like Durga Puja.[4] As a result, the product became associated with the nationalistic sentiments prevalent during the time. During the early 1920s, it was considered a matter of pride to be using the locally made Boroline over other similar foreign creams.[2] In 1947, during the Independence Day celebrations, G. D. Pharmaceuticals ran an ad in national newspapers that distributed coupons for free tubes of Boroline. Over 100,000 tubes of the antiseptic cream were reported to have been distributed as part of the promotion.[3]

After India's independence, the product experienced significant competition from homegrown counterfeits and knockoff products. Indian multinational conglomerate Emami released a product called BoroPlus that was endorsed by the actor Amitabh Bachchan and his wife Jaya Bachchan (née Bhaduri). In response, G. D. Pharmaceuticals invested heavily in advertising. During the same time company also aggressively altered their branding to keep up with the times. A focus was made on establishing Boroline as the "original" antiseptic cream in India. An ad agency was contracted to write a jingle for the advertisement of Boroline across both West Bengal and India.[4] The resulting jingle, written by Rituparno Ghosh, was the "Bongo jiboner ongo" (বঙ্গ জীবনের অঙ্গ), which implied that the cream was an integral part of Bengali life.[5]

Since the 1950's, the company was run by the founder's son Murari Mohan Dutta. Dutta poineered the idea of sponsoring sporting events and festivals in India.[6][4] In 1982, Boroline became one of the first sponsors for the Jawaharlal Nehru International Football Gold Cup (which went on to become the Nehru Cup), one of the first events to be broadcast in colour across India.[7] The company became a permanent fixture in sporting events and festivals, cheering on players and organizing campaigns on the streets during festivals.[4] As a result of these marketing efforts, Boroline's sales doubled and the brand gained a significant amount of recognition and brand loyalty. Even in rural areas, where most people were unable to read the advertisements, the cream was known as a haatiwala cream (transl. cream with the elephant) due the company's iconic packaging and elephant logo.[8]

Product

[edit]

Boroline is a combination of the antiseptic boric acid, the astringent and sunscreen zinc oxide, and the emollient lanolin, and is marketed by G. D. Pharmaceuticals as a natural and ayurvedic solution for various skin issues such as cuts, cracked lips, rough skin, and infections.[8][9] Despite a temporary production halt in the 1990s due to government price regulations, Boroline continues to be available to consumers as of 2024 retaining its iconic green packaging.[4] During World War II, the company temporarily transitioned to alternate packaging, however the company included a note in these containers reassuring customers on each package that despite the change, the quality and quantity of ingredients remained consistent.[8]

The company operates two manufacturing facilities in Chakbagi, West Bengal, and the Mohan Nagar Industrial Area, Ghaziabad, responsible for producing Boroline. In 2016, Boroline contributed to over 60% of its sales of the company.[10] In 2021, the company recorded over $31.7 million in sales and $10.1 million in profits.[4]

[edit]

Boroline is considered a staple of Bengali culture.[11] The product has been used by multiple generations of people in the Bengali community, leading to an inside joke claiming that Boroline can cure almost anything.[4][12] In 2016, Sawan Dutta published a vlog titled a "Ode to Boroline" where she sung about the various ways in which Bengalis use the cream.[13][14] Many of the commercials and associated products sold by G. D. Pharmaceuticals have been said to evoke a sense of nostalgia amongst members of the community.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Fashion". Telegraphindia.com. 17 March 2016. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  2. ^ a b c Sriram, Malathy (3 November 2017). "Boroline: Soothing skin since 1929". BLoC. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Boroline Story: স্বদেশী আন্দোলন থেকে বঙ্গ জীবনের অঙ্গ হয়ে ওঠা! বোরোলিনের অজানা কাহিনি জেনে নিন." Eisamay (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "Boroline, the Bengali Miracle Cream". The Juggernaut. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
  5. ^ "Rituparno Ghosh's jumpcut from fleeting ad films to meaningful cinema". The Times of India. 31 May 2013. ISSN 0971-8257. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  6. ^ "Boroline" (PDF). Superbrands India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
  7. ^ Kapadia, Novy. "Nehru Cup aims to build brand Team India". The Asian Age. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
  8. ^ a b c "The Boroline Saga: From a Symbol of the Swadeshi Movement to a Bengali Household Staple". The Wire. Archived from the original on 12 February 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
  9. ^ Smith, P. R.; Zook, Ze (3 December 2019). Marketing Communications: Integrating Online and Offline, Customer Engagement and Digital Technologies. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 587. ISBN 978-0-7494-9865-8. Archived from the original on 28 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  10. ^ Paul, Aniek (13 October 2016). "It's business as usual for 87-year-old Boroline". Mint. Archived from the original on 28 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  11. ^ Seth, Suhel (1 October 2011). Get to the Top. Random House India. p. 12. ISBN 978-81-8400-242-3. Archived from the original on 28 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  12. ^ Conner, Lesley; Sizemore, Jason (1 November 2022). Apex Magazine Issue 134 (in Arabic). Apex Publications. p. 58. Archived from the original on 28 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  13. ^ Jha, Fiza (24 November 2019). "Boroline — the cure-all that is stuck in time but still brings joy, especially to Bengalis". ThePrint. Archived from the original on 28 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  14. ^ Pal, Chandrima (21 November 2019). "Boroline turns 90". BusinessLine. Archived from the original on 28 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
[edit]
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