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Coordinates: 44°56′49″N 93°06′32″W / 44.94694°N 93.10889°W / 44.94694; -93.10889
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{{Short description|Historic church in Minnesota, United States}}
{{Infobox_nrhp | name =St. Paul Cathedral--Catholic
{{Infobox church
| nrhp_type =
| name = Cathedral of Saint Paul
| image =CathedralofStPaul.jpg
| fullname =
| caption =The Cathedral of Saint Paul
| other name = National Shrine of the Apostle Paul
| location= Summit Ave. at Selby Ave.<br>[[St. Paul, MN]]
| img = St Paul Cathedral 2012.jpg
| lat_degrees = 44 | lat_minutes = 56 | lat_seconds = 49| lat_direction = N
| img_size =
| long_degrees = 93 | long_minutes = 6 | long_seconds = 32| long_direction = W
| landscape =
| locmapin = Minnesota
| location = 239 Selby Ave,<br />[[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]], [[Minnesota]]
| area =
| coordinates = {{coord|44|56|49|N|93|06|32|W|region:US-MN_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| built =1904
| country = [[United States]]
| architect= [[Emmanuel Louis Masqueray]]; [[Whitney Warren]]
| denomination = [[Roman Catholic]]
| architecture= Classical Revival
| added = June 28, 1974
| parish =
| division =
| governing_body = Private
| subdivision =
| refnum=74001039<ref name="nris">{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
| founded_date =
| founder =
| architect = [[Emmanuel Louis Masqueray]]
| style = [[Beaux-Arts architecture]]
| years built = 1906–1915
| consecrated date = 1958<ref name=History>[https://www.cathedralsaintpaul.org/history History], Cathedral of Saint Paul.</ref>
| closed_date =
| demolished_date =
| previous cathedrals = {{ubl|[[First Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)|First]]|[[Second Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)|Second]]|[[Third Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)|Third]]}}
| archbishop = [[Bernard Hebda]]
| status = [[Cathedral]], [[national shrine]]
| functional status = Active
| capacity = 3,000
| rector = Very Rev. Joseph Johnson
| length = {{convert|307|ft|m}}
| width = {{convert|216|ft|m}}
| height = {{convert|306.5|ft|m}}
| dome height inner = {{convert|175|ft|m}}
| dome dia outer = {{convert|120|ft|m}}
| dome dia inner = {{convert|96|ft|m}}
| tower quantity = 2
| tower height = {{convert|150|ft|m}}
| director = Lawrence Lawyer
| organist = Chris Ganza
| sacristan = Greg Povolny
| embedded = {{Infobox NRHP
| embed = yes
| name = St. Paul Cathedral-Catholic
| nrhp_type = indcp
| nocat = yes
| partof = [[Summit Avenue (St. Paul)|Historic Hill District]]
| partof_refnum = 76001067
| area =
| built = 1906–1915
| architect = [[Emmanuel Louis Masqueray]]; [[Whitney Warren]]
| architecture = Classical Revival
| added = June 28, 1974
| refnum = 74001039<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.cathedralsaintpaul.org/|cathedralsaintpaul.org}}
}}
}}


The '''Cathedral of Saint Paul''' is a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[cathedral]] in the [[city]] of [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|St Paul]], [[Minnesota]]. It is the [[Cathedral]] of the [[Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis]]. One of the most distinctive cathedrals in the [[United States]], it sits on Cathedral Hill overlooking downtown St Paul and features a distinctive [[copper]]-clad [[dome]]. The current building opened in 1915 as the fourth [[cathedral]] of the [[archdiocese]] to bear this name. On March 25, 2009, it was designated as the [[National Shrine of the Apostle Paul]] by the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]] and the [[Holy See|Vatican]].
The '''Cathedral of Saint Paul''' is a [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] [[cathedral]] in the city of [[Saint Paul, Minnesota]]. It is the [[co-cathedral]] of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis|Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis]], along with the [[Basilica of Saint Mary (Minneapolis)|Basilica of Saint Mary]] in [[Minneapolis]]. One of the most distinctive cathedrals in the [[United States]], it sits on Cathedral Hill overlooking downtown Saint Paul and features a distinctive [[copper]]-clad [[dome]]. It is dedicated to [[Paul the Apostle]], who is also the namesake of the City of Saint Paul. The current building opened in 1915 as the fourth cathedral of the [[archdiocese]] to bear this name. On March 25, 2009, it was designated as the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul by the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]]. It is the third-largest Catholic cathedral and sixth-largest church in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=6 Largest Churches in the U.S. |url=https://www.traveltrivia.com/largest-churches-in-us/XqgZkXU1XQAGkiT6 |website=Travel Trivia |date=14 October 2019}}</ref>


==History==
== Background ==
{{Main|First Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)|Second Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)|Third Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)}}
The building of the current cathedral was instigated by [[Archbishop]] [[John Ireland (archbishop)|John Ireland]] in 1904. At Ireland's direction, the archdiocese commissioned well-known [[France|French]] [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] [[architect]] [[Emmanuel Louis Masqueray]], who was also the chief [[architecture|architect]] of the [[1904 World's Fair]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], and construction began in 1906. Masqueray's open design allows visitors unobstructed views of the [[Altar#Altars in Roman Catholic churches|altar]] and [[pulpit]]. Masqueray died in 1917, having completed only a few designs for the interior, which has been filled by other designers in the subsequent decades.


The first church building in what became the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis was a small log chapel built at the urging of Father [[Lucien Galtier]]. He came to the area when the settlement was still known as "Pig's Eye" (after [[Pierre Parrant|Pierre "Pig's Eye" Parrant]]). The chapel, measuring {{convert|25|ft}} by {{convert|18|ft}}, was dedicated on November 1, 1841. Father [[Augustin Ravoux]] later enlarged the structure, and when [[Joseph Crétin]] was appointed as the bishop of the newly established Diocese of St. Paul in July 1851, the log chapel became the first cathedral. Crétin immediately started to build a larger church to serve the fast-growing population of St. Paul. The second church building had three stories, with a library, kitchen, and school facilities on the first floor; the church itself on the second floor; and offices and living quarters for Crétin and his staff. The second building still proved to be too small for the needs of the diocese, so he started plans for a third cathedral in 1853. Construction of the building, at the corner of St. Peter and Sixth Streets in [[Downtown St. Paul]], started in 1854 and was completed in 1858, having been delayed by the [[Panic of 1857]] and Crétin's death. The third cathedral was built of stone, measured {{convert|175|ft}} long and {{convert|100|ft}} wide, but had practically no ornamentation in an effort to cut costs. [[Thomas Grace (Minnesota)|Thomas Grace]] was the bishop at the time the cathedral was completed.<ref name="Lathrop">{{cite book|author=Alan K. Lathrop|title=Churches Of Minnesota: An Illustrated Guide|url=https://archive.org/details/churchesminnesot00lath|url-access=limited|pages=[https://archive.org/details/churchesminnesot00lath/page/n199 165]–166|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|year=2003|isbn=0816629099}}</ref>
The design was inspired by [[French Renaissance architecture]]. The dome of the cathedral is {{convert|76|ft|m}} in diameter and {{convert|186|ft|m}} high. Warm-colored paint and [[gold leaf]] were added during a major renovation of the dome in the 1950s. The exterior walls of the cathedral are Rockville [[granite]] from [[St. Cloud, Minnesota]] (from [[Clark House|the Clark quarry]]<ref>{{cite web| title =History 1| publisher =The city of Cold Spring| url =http://www.coldspring.govoffice.com/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B56082BF9-AAC9-4C19-8FDC-38BE4FCE330C%7D| accessdate =2007-12-21}}</ref>). The interior walls are American [[Travertine]] from [[Mankato, Minnesota]]. The interior [[columns]] are made of several types of [[marble]].


== Current building ==
[[Image:DSCN4879 stpaulsaltar e.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Baldachin of the Cathedral of Saint Paul]]


[[File:Kittson House at St. Paul, Minnesota.gif|thumb|left|upright|The Kittson mansion, demolished to make way for the cathedral]]
The interior is illuminated by twenty-four [[stained glass]] windows featuring [[angel]]ic choirs. There is also a [[rose window]] in the [[transept]] designed by [[Charles Connick]]. [[electricity#Electric power|Electric]] lighting was installed in 1940.


The building of the current cathedral was instigated by [[Archbishop]] [[John Ireland (archbishop)|John Ireland]] in 1904. The site was formerly occupied by the deteriorating mansion of entrepreneur [[Norman Kittson]]. Charles H.F. Smith (the head of the Finance Committee) and [[Alpheus Beede Stickney]], two businessmen in St. Paul, purchased the land and donated it to the archdiocese. At Ireland's direction, the archdiocese commissioned well-known [[France|French]] [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] [[architect]] [[Emmanuel Louis Masqueray]], who was also the chief [[architecture|architect]] of the [[1904 World's Fair]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], and [[1906 in architecture|construction began in 1906]]. He had a budget of $1 million, and he based the cathedral on the designs of French churches of [[Périgueux Cathedral]] at [[Périgueux]] and [[Sacre-Coeur basilica]] in [[Paris]], as well as [[French Renaissance architecture|French Renaissance]] and [[Classical architecture|Classical]] themes.<ref name="Lathrop"/><ref>Lathrop, Alan K - A French Architect in Minnesota - Emmanuel L. Masqueray 1861-1917 Minnesota Profiles. Minnesota Historical Society. Summer 1980</ref>
The cathedral has statues of the four [[Four Evangelists|evangelist]]s in the four corners of its main pier. The life of [[Paul of Tarsus|Saint Paul]] is honored by a [[bronze]] [[baldachin]], as well as massive bronze [[Te Deum]] and [[Magnificat]] grilles. The cathedral also has six chapels dedicated to the [[patron saint]]s of the [[Europe]]an ethnic groups that settled the area around the city: [[Anthony of Padua|St. Anthony]] for the [[Italian-American|Italian]]s, [[St. John the Baptist]] for the [[French Canadian]]s, [[St. Patrick]] for the [[Irish-American|Irish]], [[St. Boniface]] for the [[German-American|Germans]], Saints [[Saints Cyril and Methodius|Cyril]] and [[Saint Methodius|Methodius]] for the [[Slavs]]; and [[St. Therese of Lisieux]] for the [[missionary|missionaries]].
There are also chapels dedicated to the [[Sacred Heart]], to [[Blessed Virgin Mary|Mary, the mother of Jesus]] and to [[St. Joseph]], her husband, as well as to [[Saint Peter]].


Masqueray's open design allows visitors unobstructed views of the [[Altar#Catholic Church|altar]] and [[pulpit]]. Masqueray died in 1917, having completed only a few designs for the interior, which included three of the cathedral's major chapels: Saint Peter's, Saint Joseph's and the Blessed Virgin Mary's.<ref name=History/>
In 1987 the Cathedral acquired five bronze [[bell (instrument)|bell]]s cast in France. The copper dome was renovated in 2002.


In 1987 the cathedral acquired five bronze [[bell (instrument)|bell]]s cast in France. The copper dome was renovated in 2002.
The Cathedral is normally open from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. seven days a week. The building was added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1974. On March 25, 2009, the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]] declared the Cathedral of Saint Paul to be a National Shrine - the first in Minnesota and the only one in North America dedicated to the Apostle Paul. The Cathedral is now also known as the '''National Shrine of the Apostle Paul'''.

In 2013, in conjunction with the restoration of the cathedral's [[Aeolian-Skinner|Æolian-Skinner]] organ by Quimby Pipe Organs, a new organ case was completed by architect [[Duncan G. Stroik|Duncan G Stroik]]. The hand-carved walnut organ case preserves the view of the cathedral's rose window. Human-sized carved angels stand on both sides of the organ case and a statue of [[Saint Cecilia]], patron saint of music, stands on top of the central organ case dome, directly below the rose window.
The cathedral is normally open from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. seven days a week. The building was added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1974. It is also a [[contributing property]] to the [[Historic Hill District]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Historic Hill District |url=http://nrhp.mnhs.org/DistrictProperties.cfm?NPSNum=76001067 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130415083534/http://nrhp.mnhs.org/DistrictProperties.cfm?NPSNum=76001067 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-04-15 |work=Minnesota National Register Properties Database |publisher=Minnesota Historical Society |year=2009 |access-date=2013-01-09 }}</ref> On March 25, 2009, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops declared the Cathedral of Saint Paul to be a [[National shrine]] – the first in Minnesota and the only one in North America dedicated to the [[Apostle Paul]]. The cathedral is now also known as the '''National Shrine of the Apostle Paul'''.

The cathedral was visited by [[Pope Pius XII|Eugenio Pacelli]] two years before his election to the [[Papacy]] in 1939.

Nearby Catholic high schools [[Saint Thomas Academy]], [[Cretin-Derham Hall]], and [[Hill-Murray School]] use the Cathedral every year for their graduation services.

=== Design ===

The dome of the cathedral is {{convert|76|ft|m}} in diameter and {{convert|186|ft|m}} high. Warm-colored paint and [[gold leaf]] were added during a major renovation of the dome in the 1950s. The exterior walls of the cathedral are Rockville [[granite]] from [[St. Cloud, Minnesota]] (from [[Clark and McCormack Quarry and House|the Clark quarry]]<ref>{{cite web| title =History 1| publisher =The city of Cold Spring| url =http://www.coldspring.govoffice.com/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B56082BF9-AAC9-4C19-8FDC-38BE4FCE330C%7D| access-date =2007-12-21}}</ref>). The interior walls are American [[Travertine]] from [[Mankato, Minnesota]]. The interior [[columns]] are made of several types of [[marble]].

The interior is illuminated by twenty-four [[stained glass]] windows featuring [[angel]]ic choirs. There is also a [[rose window]] in the [[transept]] designed by [[Charles Connick]]. [[electricity#Electric power|Electric]] lighting was installed in 1940.

Heroic size marble statues of the four [[Four Evangelists|evangelist]]s, sculpted by John Angel, are set into the niches of the piers in the four corners of the church. This placement was not coincidental, according to Msgr. Lawrence Ryan (Historical Sketch of the Cathedral of St. Paul, 1904–1937), for as the piers hold up the church of stone, so the Word recorded by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John sustains that Church not made by human hands. Each statue rises to a height of 11’6” and weighs eight tons. The life of [[Paul of Tarsus|Saint Paul]] is honored by a [[bronze]] [[baldachin]], as well as massive bronze [[Te Deum]] and [[Magnificat]] grilles. The cathedral also has six chapels dedicated to the [[patron saint]]s of the [[Europe]]an ethnic groups that settled the area around the city: [[Anthony of Padua|St. Anthony]] for the [[Italian-American|Italian]]s, [[St. John the Baptist]] for the [[French Canadian]]s, [[St. Patrick]] for the [[Irish-American|Irish]], [[St. Boniface]] for the [[German-American|Germans]], [[Saints Cyril and Methodius]] for the [[Slavs]]; and [[St. Therese of Lisieux]] for the [[missionary|missionaries]].

There are also chapels dedicated to the [[Sacred Heart]], to [[Blessed Virgin Mary|Mary, the mother of Jesus]], and to [[Saint Joseph]], her husband, as well as to [[Saint Peter]].

== Gallery ==

<gallery>
St.Paul 0432.JPG|Cathedral on a winter evening
Cathedral of Saint Paul Dome September 2024.jpg|Looking up at main dome
Cathedral of Saint Paul inside 02.jpg|Baldachin and altar of the cathedral
Cathedral of Saint Paul Organ Case.jpg|Organ of the cathedral
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of Catholic cathedrals in the United States]]
*[[List of tallest domes|List tallest domes]]
*[[List of tallest buildings in St. Paul]]
*[[List of tallest buildings in St. Paul]]
*[[List of shrines#United States]]
*[[Church of Saint Mark (Saint Paul, Minnesota)]]
*[[St. Paul's Cathedral (disambiguation)]] for other Cathedrals of St. Paul


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==Other sources==
*Ernster, Barb. "Cathedral is Catechism in Stone and Glass: National Shrine Honors Paul the Apostle". [[National Catholic Register]], June 20, 2010, p. B5.


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Cathedral of Saint Paul (Saint Paul, Minnesota)}}
*[http://www.cathedralsaintpaul.org/ Cathedral home page]
*{{Official website|https://www.cathedralsaintpaul.org/}}
*[http://www.archspm.org/html/cathedral.html Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis: The Cathedral of Saint Paul]
*[http://www.archspm.org/ Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis website]
*[http://www.catholicphotographer.com/Cross-Country-Pilgrimage-1/Cathedral-of-St-Paul-July-2/8835807_4jxrz#585511264_h8yrY The Cathedral of Saint Paul: Photo Gallery by The Catholic Photographer]


{{S-start}}

{{Succession box
| before = [[Saint Paul Pioneer Press Building]]
| title = [[List of tallest buildings in Saint Paul|Tallest Building in Saint Paul]]
| years = 1915&mdash;1931<br/><small>93 m</small>|Tallest Building in Saint Paul (1915–1931)
| after = [[First National Bank Building (Saint Paul, Minnesota)|First National Bank Building]]
}}
{{S-end}}

{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}
{{Registered Historic Places}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Paul (Minnesota) National Shrine Of The Apostle Paul, Cathedral of Saint}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cathedral Of Saint Paul, National Shrine of the Apostle Paul}}
[[Category:1904 architecture]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Saint Paul, Minnesota]]
[[Category:Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Minnesota]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Saint Paul, Minnesota]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Saint Paul, Minnesota]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals of the United States|Paul Saint Paul]]
[[Category:Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals in Minnesota|Paul Saint Paul]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Minnesota]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1915]]
[[Category:Churches in St. Paul, Minnesota]]
[[Category:Beaux-Arts architecture in Minnesota]]
[[Category:Church buildings with domes]]
[[Category:Properties of religious function on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States]]

[[de:Cathedral of Saint Paul]]

Latest revision as of 14:43, 30 November 2024

Cathedral of Saint Paul
National Shrine of the Apostle Paul
Map
44°56′49″N 93°06′32″W / 44.94694°N 93.10889°W / 44.94694; -93.10889
Location239 Selby Ave,
Saint Paul, Minnesota
CountryUnited States
DenominationRoman Catholic
Websitecathedralsaintpaul.org
History
StatusCathedral, national shrine
Consecrated1958[1]
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Previous cathedrals
Architect(s)Emmanuel Louis Masqueray
StyleBeaux-Arts architecture
Years built1906–1915
Specifications
Capacity3,000
Length307 feet (94 m)
Width216 feet (66 m)
Height306.5 feet (93.4 m)
Dome height (inner)175 feet (53 m)
Dome diameter (outer)120 feet (37 m)
Dome diameter (inner)96 feet (29 m)
Number of towers2
Tower height150 feet (46 m)
Clergy
ArchbishopBernard Hebda
RectorVery Rev. Joseph Johnson
Laity
Director of musicLawrence Lawyer
Organist(s)Chris Ganza
SacristanGreg Povolny
St. Paul Cathedral-Catholic
Built1906–1915
ArchitectEmmanuel Louis Masqueray; Whitney Warren
Architectural styleClassical Revival
Part ofHistoric Hill District (ID76001067)
NRHP reference No.74001039[2]
Added to NRHPJune 28, 1974

The Cathedral of Saint Paul is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the city of Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is the co-cathedral of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, along with the Basilica of Saint Mary in Minneapolis. One of the most distinctive cathedrals in the United States, it sits on Cathedral Hill overlooking downtown Saint Paul and features a distinctive copper-clad dome. It is dedicated to Paul the Apostle, who is also the namesake of the City of Saint Paul. The current building opened in 1915 as the fourth cathedral of the archdiocese to bear this name. On March 25, 2009, it was designated as the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. It is the third-largest Catholic cathedral and sixth-largest church in the United States.[3]

Background

[edit]
Main articles: First Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota), Second Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota), and Third Cathedral of Saint Paul (Minnesota)

The first church building in what became the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis was a small log chapel built at the urging of Father Lucien Galtier. He came to the area when the settlement was still known as "Pig's Eye" (after Pierre "Pig's Eye" Parrant). The chapel, measuring 25 feet (7.6 m) by 18 feet (5.5 m), was dedicated on November 1, 1841. Father Augustin Ravoux later enlarged the structure, and when Joseph Crétin was appointed as the bishop of the newly established Diocese of St. Paul in July 1851, the log chapel became the first cathedral. Crétin immediately started to build a larger church to serve the fast-growing population of St. Paul. The second church building had three stories, with a library, kitchen, and school facilities on the first floor; the church itself on the second floor; and offices and living quarters for Crétin and his staff. The second building still proved to be too small for the needs of the diocese, so he started plans for a third cathedral in 1853. Construction of the building, at the corner of St. Peter and Sixth Streets in Downtown St. Paul, started in 1854 and was completed in 1858, having been delayed by the Panic of 1857 and Crétin's death. The third cathedral was built of stone, measured 175 feet (53 m) long and 100 feet (30 m) wide, but had practically no ornamentation in an effort to cut costs. Thomas Grace was the bishop at the time the cathedral was completed.[4]

Current building

[edit]
The Kittson mansion, demolished to make way for the cathedral

The building of the current cathedral was instigated by Archbishop John Ireland in 1904. The site was formerly occupied by the deteriorating mansion of entrepreneur Norman Kittson. Charles H.F. Smith (the head of the Finance Committee) and Alpheus Beede Stickney, two businessmen in St. Paul, purchased the land and donated it to the archdiocese. At Ireland's direction, the archdiocese commissioned well-known French Beaux-Arts architect Emmanuel Louis Masqueray, who was also the chief architect of the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, and construction began in 1906. He had a budget of $1 million, and he based the cathedral on the designs of French churches of Périgueux Cathedral at Périgueux and Sacre-Coeur basilica in Paris, as well as French Renaissance and Classical themes.[4][5]

Masqueray's open design allows visitors unobstructed views of the altar and pulpit. Masqueray died in 1917, having completed only a few designs for the interior, which included three of the cathedral's major chapels: Saint Peter's, Saint Joseph's and the Blessed Virgin Mary's.[1]

In 1987 the cathedral acquired five bronze bells cast in France. The copper dome was renovated in 2002.

In 2013, in conjunction with the restoration of the cathedral's Æolian-Skinner organ by Quimby Pipe Organs, a new organ case was completed by architect Duncan G Stroik. The hand-carved walnut organ case preserves the view of the cathedral's rose window. Human-sized carved angels stand on both sides of the organ case and a statue of Saint Cecilia, patron saint of music, stands on top of the central organ case dome, directly below the rose window. The cathedral is normally open from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. seven days a week. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is also a contributing property to the Historic Hill District.[6] On March 25, 2009, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops declared the Cathedral of Saint Paul to be a National shrine – the first in Minnesota and the only one in North America dedicated to the Apostle Paul. The cathedral is now also known as the National Shrine of the Apostle Paul.

The cathedral was visited by Eugenio Pacelli two years before his election to the Papacy in 1939.

Nearby Catholic high schools Saint Thomas Academy, Cretin-Derham Hall, and Hill-Murray School use the Cathedral every year for their graduation services.

Design

[edit]

The dome of the cathedral is 76 feet (23 m) in diameter and 186 feet (57 m) high. Warm-colored paint and gold leaf were added during a major renovation of the dome in the 1950s. The exterior walls of the cathedral are Rockville granite from St. Cloud, Minnesota (from the Clark quarry[7]). The interior walls are American Travertine from Mankato, Minnesota. The interior columns are made of several types of marble.

The interior is illuminated by twenty-four stained glass windows featuring angelic choirs. There is also a rose window in the transept designed by Charles Connick. Electric lighting was installed in 1940.

Heroic size marble statues of the four evangelists, sculpted by John Angel, are set into the niches of the piers in the four corners of the church. This placement was not coincidental, according to Msgr. Lawrence Ryan (Historical Sketch of the Cathedral of St. Paul, 1904–1937), for as the piers hold up the church of stone, so the Word recorded by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John sustains that Church not made by human hands. Each statue rises to a height of 11’6” and weighs eight tons. The life of Saint Paul is honored by a bronze baldachin, as well as massive bronze Te Deum and Magnificat grilles. The cathedral also has six chapels dedicated to the patron saints of the European ethnic groups that settled the area around the city: St. Anthony for the Italians, St. John the Baptist for the French Canadians, St. Patrick for the Irish, St. Boniface for the Germans, Saints Cyril and Methodius for the Slavs; and St. Therese of Lisieux for the missionaries.

There are also chapels dedicated to the Sacred Heart, to Mary, the mother of Jesus, and to Saint Joseph, her husband, as well as to Saint Peter.

[edit]
  • Cathedral on a winter evening
    Cathedral on a winter evening
  • Looking up at main dome
    Looking up at main dome
  • Baldachin and altar of the cathedral
    Baldachin and altar of the cathedral
  • Organ of the cathedral
    Organ of the cathedral

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b History, Cathedral of Saint Paul.
  2. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  3. ^ "6 Largest Churches in the U.S." Travel Trivia. 14 October 2019.
  4. ^ a b Alan K. Lathrop (2003). Churches Of Minnesota: An Illustrated Guide. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 165–166. ISBN 0816629099.
  5. ^ Lathrop, Alan K - A French Architect in Minnesota - Emmanuel L. Masqueray 1861-1917 Minnesota Profiles. Minnesota Historical Society. Summer 1980
  6. ^ "Historic Hill District". Minnesota National Register Properties Database. Minnesota Historical Society. 2009. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
  7. ^ "History 1". The city of Cold Spring. Retrieved 2007-12-21.

Other sources

[edit]
  • Ernster, Barb. "Cathedral is Catechism in Stone and Glass: National Shrine Honors Paul the Apostle". National Catholic Register, June 20, 2010, p. B5.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cathedral of Saint Paul (Saint Paul, Minnesota).
Preceded by Tallest Building in Saint Paul
1915—1931
93 m 		Succeeded by
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