Attorney General of Tonga: Difference between revisions

Attorney General of Tonga
Attorney General of Tonga
	Incumbent; Linda Folaumoetu'i; since 2019

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The Attorney General of Tonga is Tonga's chief law officer, responsible for supervising Tongan law and advising the government on legal matters. Originally a Cabinet position held jointly with the portfolio of Minister of Justice, the office was made independent in 2009. The current Attorney General is Linda Folaumoetu'i.

History and role

The position of attorney general was established in the Kingdom of Tonga in 1988. From 1988 to 2009, the Attorney General jointly held the office of Minister of Justice.^[1]

The Attorney-General is "First Law Officer for the Government of the Kingdom of Tonga".^[2] its responsibilities include providing legal advice, drafting legislation, and conducting prosecutions and representing the crown in civil matters, as well as "supporting constitutional integrity and governance" and "facilitating [the] Government’s lawful and responsible legal dealings"^[2]

Following constitutional reforms in January 2012, the Attorney General is reportedly

"the principal legal advisor to Cabinet and Government, and with the Solicitor General and other law officers will be responsible for prosecutions and legal cases for and against the government, the drafting of legislation for the Government and parliament, and generally for ensuring that the Constitution and laws of Tonga are understood and upheld by Government and individuals".^[3]

Lists of attorneys general

Tevita Poasi Tupou^[4]^[5] (1988–2003) (1st Attorney General who was also referred to as the Minister of Justice)
ʻAisea Taumoepeau^[6]^[7] (2003–2004) (also Minister of Justice)
Siaosi Taimani ʻAho^[8]^[9] (2004–2006) (also Minister of Justice)
ʻAlisi Afeaki Taumoepeau (2006–2009) (first female Minister of Justice & Attorney General; Wife of ʻAisea Taumoepeau)^[10]
John Cauchi (2009–2010)
Samiu Vaipulu^[11]^[12] (2010–2011)
Barrie Sweetman (2012) (Interim Attorney General)
Neil Adsett^[13]^[14]^[15] (2012–2014)
ʻAminiasi Kefu (2014–2019) (Acting)^[16]
Linda Folaumoetu'i^[17] (2019–)

John Cauchi, appointed in May 2009, was the first Attorney General not to hold the portfolio of Justice Minister. He was also the first non-Tongan to hold the office, being an Australian citizen.^[18] He resigned the position on 30 April 2010.^[19] It is not currently clear how many people held the position between Cauchi's resignation and Sweetman's appointment. In early 2011, the CIA Factbook stated the Attorney General was ʻAsipeli ʻAminiasi Kefu.^[20] However this may have been an error, as other sources described Kefu as the Solicitor General. Minister for Justice Samiu Vaipulu was the Attorney General just prior to Sweetman's appointment; the latter thus disassociated the two positions, which had once again been combined in a single person.^[21]

As of August 2011, the Kingdom has had at least seven Attorneys General.^[1] Matangi Tonga has noted that three of the country's Attorneys General (namely Tupou and both Taumoepeaus) "have been told to resign".^[1]

List of ministers of justice (post–2009)

Samiu Vaipulu^[11] (2009–2010)
Clive Edwards^[22] (2011–2014)
Sione Vuna Fa'otusia^[23] (2014–2020)

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Minister of Justice and Attorney General resigns" Archived 27 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Matangi Tonga, 1 June 2009
^ ^a ^b "Functions and Duties". Attorney-General's Office. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
^ "Neil Adsett appointed as Tonga’s new Attorney General", Islands Business, 24 January 2012
^ "Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1990". HathiTrust. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "Crown Law". www.mic.gov.to. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ Turner, B. (27 December 2016). The Statesman's Yearbook 2004: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. Springer. ISBN 9780230271326.
^ Turner, B. (7 February 2017). The Statesman's Yearbook 2005: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. Springer. ISBN 9780230271333.
^ "Tongan King appoints third justice minister in two months". RNZ. 25 September 2004. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
^ "Siaosi Taimani 'Aho appointed Attorney General, Minister of Justice". Matangitonga. 24 September 2004. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "TONGA'S JUSTICE MINISTER, ATTORNEY GENERAL RESIGNS | Pacific Islands Report". www.pireport.org. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ ^a ^b Administrator. "PROFILE: Hon. Samiu Kuita Vaipulu". www.mic.gov.to. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "Tonga MPs want action on illegality of deputy PM holding attorney general post". Radio New Zealand. 4 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "Mr. Neil Adsett appointed as Tonga's new Attorney General | Planet Tonga". Planet Tonga. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "Attorney General Neil Adsett, appointed Senior Counsel". Matangitonga. 18 March 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "Tonga's Attorney General Steps Down | Pacific Islands Report". www.pireport.org. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ "Tonga's Attorney General to step down". RNZ. 23 June 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
^ "Tonga gets first female Attorney General". Radio New Zealand. 3 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
^ "Tonga's new Attorney General" Archived 27 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Matangi Tonga, 2 June 2009
^ "Tonga's Attorney General quits accusing Govt of protecting cronies". Radio Australia. 30 April 2010. Archived from the original on 2 May 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
^ Tonga: Cabinet members, CIA World Factbook, 31 January 2011
^ "Tonga's opposition welcomes foreign legal appointees", Radio Australia, 1 September 2011
^ "Edwards Law Tonga". Edwards Law Tonga. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ Cocker, Albert. "Our Staff". www.justice.gov.to. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[matangitonga.to-1] "Minister of Justice and Attorney General resigns" Archived 27 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Matangi Tonga, 1 June 2009

[AGO1-2] "Functions and Duties". Attorney-General's Office. Retrieved 3 August 2021.

[IB-3] "Neil Adsett appointed as Tonga’s new Attorney General", Islands Business, 24 January 2012

[4] "Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1990". HathiTrust. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[5] "Crown Law". www.mic.gov.to. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[6] Turner, B. (27 December 2016). The Statesman's Yearbook 2004: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. Springer. ISBN 9780230271326.

[7] Turner, B. (7 February 2017). The Statesman's Yearbook 2005: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. Springer. ISBN 9780230271333.

[RNZ2004a-8] "Tongan King appoints third justice minister in two months". RNZ. 25 September 2004. Retrieved 7 August 2022.

[9] "Siaosi Taimani 'Aho appointed Attorney General, Minister of Justice". Matangitonga. 24 September 2004. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[10] "TONGA'S JUSTICE MINISTER, ATTORNEY GENERAL RESIGNS | Pacific Islands Report". www.pireport.org. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[:0-11] Administrator. "PROFILE: Hon. Samiu Kuita Vaipulu". www.mic.gov.to. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[12] "Tonga MPs want action on illegality of deputy PM holding attorney general post". Radio New Zealand. 4 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[13] "Mr. Neil Adsett appointed as Tonga's new Attorney General | Planet Tonga". Planet Tonga. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[14] "Attorney General Neil Adsett, appointed Senior Counsel". Matangitonga. 18 March 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[15] "Tonga's Attorney General Steps Down | Pacific Islands Report". www.pireport.org. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[16] "Tonga's Attorney General to step down". RNZ. 23 June 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2022.

[17] "Tonga gets first female Attorney General". Radio New Zealand. 3 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.

[18] "Tonga's new Attorney General" Archived 27 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Matangi Tonga, 2 June 2009

[19] "Tonga's Attorney General quits accusing Govt of protecting cronies". Radio Australia. 30 April 2010. Archived from the original on 2 May 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.

[20] Tonga: Cabinet members, CIA World Factbook, 31 January 2011

[21] "Tonga's opposition welcomes foreign legal appointees", Radio Australia, 1 September 2011

[22] "Edwards Law Tonga". Edwards Law Tonga. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

[23] Cocker, Albert. "Our Staff". www.justice.gov.to. Retrieved 1 July 2018.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
+{{Infobox official post
+| post                    = Attorney General of Tonga
+| body                    =
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+| incumbent               =  [[Linda Folaumoetu'i]]
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+}}
 {{Politics of Tonga}}
+The '''Attorney General of Tonga''' is [[Tonga]]'s chief law officer, responsible for supervising Tongan law and advising the government on legal matters. Originally a Cabinet position held jointly with the portfolio of Minister of Justice, the office was made independent in 2009. The current Attorney General is [[Linda Folaumoetu'i]].
-The position of '''[[Attorney General]]''' was established in the '''[[Tonga|Kingdom of Tonga]]''' in 1988. From 1988 to 2009, the Attorney General jointly held the office of Minister of Justice.<ref name="matangitonga.to">[http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/government/20090601_attorneygen_alisi_taumoepeau.shtml "Minister of Justice and Attorney General resigns"], Matangi Tonga, June 1, 2009</ref>
+==History and role ==
-The [[Government of Tonga|Tongan government]] defines the Attorney General as "Chief Legal Advisor to Government", with the following responsabilities:
+The position of [[attorney general]] was established in the [[Tonga|Kingdom of Tonga]] in 1988. From 1988 to 2009, the Attorney General jointly held the office of Minister of Justice.<ref name="matangitonga.to">[http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/government/20090601_attorneygen_alisi_taumoepeau.shtml "Minister of Justice and Attorney General resigns"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527150611/http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/government/20090601_attorneygen_alisi_taumoepeau.shtml |date=27 May 2011 }}, Matangi Tonga, 1 June 2009</ref>
-:''"Supporting constitutional integrity and governance; Ensuring legislative and statutory efficacy; Facilitating Government’s lawful and responsible legal dealings; Providing legal advice on law reform; Executing statutory enforcement powers; Perform [sic] responsibilities in an independent and transparent manner"''.<ref>[https://www.pmo.gov.to/attorney-general-of-the-kingdom-of-tonga.html "Attorney General of the Kingdom of Tonga"], Tongan government website, May 5, 2010</ref>
+The Attorney-General is "First Law Officer for the Government of the Kingdom of Tonga".<ref name=AGO1>{{cite web |url=https://ago.gov.to/cms/about/functions-and-duties.html |title=Functions and Duties |publisher=Attorney-General's Office |access-date=3 August 2021}}</ref> its responsibilities include providing legal advice, drafting legislation, and conducting prosecutions and representing the crown in civil matters, as well as "supporting constitutional integrity and governance" and "facilitating [the] Government’s lawful and responsible legal dealings"<ref name=AGO1/>
-As of June 2009, the Kingdom has had five Attorneys General<ref name="matangitonga.to" /> :
-* [[Tevita Tupou]]
-* [['Aisea Taumoepeau]]
-* [[Siaosi 'Aho]]
-* [['Alisi Afeaki Taumoepeau]] (wife of 'Aisea Taumoepeau; 2006-2009)
-* [[John Cauchi]] (2009-2010)
+Following constitutional reforms in January 2012, the Attorney General is reportedly
-John Cauchi, appointed in May 2009, was the first Attorney General not to hold the portfolio of Justice Minister. He was also the first non-Tongan to hold the office, being an [[Australia]]n citizen.<ref>[http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/law/2009020609_cauchi_attorneygen_tong.shtml "Tonga's new Attorney General"], Matangi Tonga, June 2, 2009</ref>  He resigned the position on April 30, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/asiapac/stories/201004/s2887482.htm|title=Tonga's Attorney General quits accusing Govt of protecting cronies|date=April 30, 2010|publisher=[[Radio Australia]]|accessdate=June 2, 2010}}</ref>
+:''"the principal legal advisor to Cabinet and Government, and with the Solicitor General and other law officers will be responsible for prosecutions and legal cases for and against the government, the drafting of legislation for the Government and parliament, and generally for ensuring that the Constitution and laws of Tonga are understood and upheld by Government and individuals"''.<ref name="IB">[https://archive.today/20130126162100/http://www.islandsbusiness.com/news/index_dynamic/containerNameToReplace=MiddleMiddle/focusModuleID=130/focusContentID=27006/tableName=mediaRelease/overideSkinName=newsArticle-full.tpl "Neil Adsett appointed as Tonga’s new Attorney General"], ''Islands Business'', 24 January 2012</ref>
+== Lists of attorneys general ==
-[[Matangi Tonga]] has noted that three of the country's Attorneys General (namely Tupou and both Taumoepeaus) "have been told to resign".<ref name="matangitonga.to" />
+*[[Tevita Poasi Tupou]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015073049366;view=1up;seq=697|title=Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. 1990.|website=HathiTrust|language=en|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mic.gov.to/ministrydepartment/351-crown-law|title=Crown Law|website=www.mic.gov.to|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref> (1988–2003) (1st Attorney General who was also referred to as the Minister of Justice)
-== References ==
+*[[ʻAisea Taumoepeau]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7djMDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1574|title=The Statesman's Yearbook 2004: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World|last=Turner|first=B.|date=2016-12-27|publisher=Springer|isbn=9780230271326|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8TMUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1584|title=The Statesman's Yearbook 2005: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World|last=Turner|first=B.|date=2017-02-07|publisher=Springer|isbn=9780230271333|language=en}}</ref> (2003–2004) (also Minister of Justice)
-<references/>
+*[[Siaosi Taimani ʻAho]]<ref name=RNZ2004a>{{cite web |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/150870/tongan-king-appoints-third-justice-minister-in-two-months |title=Tongan King appoints third justice minister in two months |publisher=[[RNZ]] |date=25 September 2004 |access-date=7 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://matangitonga.to/2004/09/24/siaosi-taimani-aho-appointed-attorney-general-minister-justice|title=Siaosi Taimani 'Aho appointed Attorney General, Minister of Justice|date=2004-09-24|work=Matangitonga|access-date=2018-07-01|language=en}}</ref> (2004–2006) (also Minister of Justice)
-<br />
+*[[ʻAlisi Afeaki Taumoepeau]] (2006–2009) (first female Minister of Justice & Attorney General; Wife of ʻAisea Taumoepeau)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pireport.org/articles/2009/06/02/tonga%C3%A3%C2%82%C3%A2%C2%92s-justice-minister-attorney-general-resigns-0|title=TONGA'S JUSTICE MINISTER, ATTORNEY GENERAL RESIGNS {{!}} Pacific Islands Report|website=www.pireport.org|language=en|access-date=2018-07-01|archive-date=2 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702014037/http://www.pireport.org/articles/2009/06/02/tonga%C3%A3%C2%82%C3%A2%C2%92s-justice-minister-attorney-general-resigns-0|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+*[[John Cauchi]] (2009–2010)
+*[[Samiu Vaipulu]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mic.gov.to/ministers/2011-profile-hon-samiu-kuita-vaipulu|title=PROFILE: Hon. Samiu Kuita Vaipulu|last=Administrator|website=www.mic.gov.to|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/198750/tonga-mps-want-action-on-illegality-of-deputy-pm-holding-attorney-general-post|title=Tonga MPs want action on illegality of deputy PM holding attorney general post|date=2011-08-04|work=Radio New Zealand|access-date=2018-07-01|language=en-nz}}</ref> (2010–2011)
+*[[Barrie Sweetman]] (2012) (Interim Attorney General)
+*[[Neil Adsett]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.planet-tonga.com/2012/01/25/mr-neil-adsett-appointed-as-tongas-new-attorney-general/|title=Mr. Neil Adsett appointed as Tonga's new Attorney General {{!}} Planet Tonga|website=Planet Tonga|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://matangitonga.to/2012/03/19/attorney-general-neil-adsett-appointed-senior-counsel|title=Attorney General Neil Adsett, appointed Senior Counsel|date=2012-03-18|work=Matangitonga|access-date=2018-07-01|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pireport.org/articles/2014/06/23/tonga%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%99s-attorney-general-steps-down|title=Tonga's Attorney General Steps Down {{!}} Pacific Islands Report|website=www.pireport.org|language=en|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref> (2012–2014)
+*[[ʻAminiasi Kefu]] (2014–2019) (Acting)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/247893/tonga's-attorney-general-to-step-down |title=Tonga's Attorney General to step down |publisher=[[RNZ]] |date=23 June 2014 |access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
+*[[Linda Folaumoetu'i]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.radionz.co.nz/international/programmes/datelinepacific/audio/2018689388/tonga-gets-first-female-attorney-general|title=Tonga gets first female Attorney General|date=2019-04-03|website=Radio New Zealand|language=en-nz|access-date=2019-04-12}}</ref> (2019–)
+John Cauchi, appointed in May 2009, was the first Attorney General not to hold the portfolio of Justice Minister. He was also the first non-Tongan to hold the office, being an [[Australia]]n citizen.<ref>[http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/law/2009020609_cauchi_attorneygen_tong.shtml "Tonga's new Attorney General"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527150629/http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/law/2009020609_cauchi_attorneygen_tong.shtml |date=27 May 2011 }}, Matangi Tonga, 2 June 2009</ref> He resigned the position on 30 April 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/asiapac/stories/201004/s2887482.htm|title=Tonga's Attorney General quits accusing Govt of protecting cronies|date=30 April 2010|publisher=[[Radio Australia]]|accessdate=2 June 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100502083130/http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/asiapac/stories/201004/s2887482.htm| archivedate= 2 May 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> It is not currently clear how many people held the position between Cauchi's resignation and Sweetman's appointment. In early 2011, the [[CIA Factbook]] stated the Attorney General was [[ʻAsipeli ʻAminiasi Kefu]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070612234526/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/tonga.html Tonga: Cabinet members], CIA World Factbook, 31 January 2011</ref> However this may have been an error, as other sources described Kefu as the [[Solicitor General of Tonga|Solicitor General]]. Minister for Justice [[Samiu Vaipulu]] was the Attorney General just prior to Sweetman's appointment; the latter thus disassociated the two positions, which had once again been combined in a single person.<ref>[http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/pacbeat/stories/201109/s3307925.htm "Tonga's opposition welcomes foreign legal appointees"], Radio Australia, 1 September 2011</ref>
-[[Category:Government of Tonga]]
+As of August 2011, the Kingdom has had at least seven Attorneys General.<ref name="matangitonga.to" /> [[Matangi Tonga]] has noted that three of the country's Attorneys General (namely Tupou and both Taumoepeaus) "have been told to resign".<ref name="matangitonga.to" />
+== List of ministers of justice (post–2009) ==
-{{Tonga-stub}}
-{{law-stub}}
+* [[Samiu Vaipulu]]<ref name=":0" /> (2009–2010)
-{{politics-stub}}
+* [[Clive Edwards (politician)|Clive Edwards]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.edwardslaw.to/clive-edwards-obe|title=Edwards Law Tonga|website=Edwards Law Tonga|language=en|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref> (2011–2014)
+* [[Sione Vuna Fa'otusia]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.justice.gov.to/homepage/our-staff|title=Our Staff|last=Cocker|first=Albert|website=www.justice.gov.to|language=en-gb|access-date=2018-07-01}}</ref> (2014–2020)
+== References ==
+{{reflist}}
+[[Category:Government of Tonga]]
+[[Category:Attorneys general of Tonga| ]]
+[[Category:1998 establishments in Tonga]]
+[[Category:Ministries of justice|Tonga]]