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{{other uses|K-Day (disambiguation)}}
{{for|the airport serving Dayton, Ohio, assigned the ICAO code KDAY|Dayton International Airport}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox Radio station
{{COI|date=March 2017}}
| name = KDAY/KDEY
{{Infobox radio station
| image = [[File:Kdaynewlogo.jpg|300px|kdaynewlogo]]
| name = KDAY
| city = KDAY: [[Redondo Beach, California|Redondo Beach]] <br> KDEY: [[Ontario, California|Ontario]]
| area = [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]
| logo = [[Image:93.5 KDAY Hip Hop Back In The Day logo.jpg|200px]]
| branding = ''93.5 KDAY ''
| city = [[Redondo Beach, California]]
| slogan = '''Your Favorite Back In The Day Hits'''
| area = [[Los Angeles County]] [[Orange County, California]]
| airdate = early 1970s
| branding = 93.5 KDAY
| frequency = 93.5 ([[megahertz|MHz]])
| frequency = 93.5 [[Megahertz|MHz]] {{HD Radio}}
| repeater = 93.5 [[KDEY-FM]] ([[Ontario, California|Ontario]])<br>105.9 [[KPWR|KPWR-HD2]] ([[Los Angeles]])
| format = [[Classic hip-hop]]
| erp = KDAY: 4,200 [[watt]]s <br> KDEY: 5,000 [[watt]]s
| airdate = [[1961 in radio|1961]] (as KAPP-FM)
| haat = KDAY: 132 meters <br> KDEY: -40 meters
| format = [[Classic hip hop]]
| class = KDAY: A <br> KDEY: A
| erp = 4,200 [[watt]]s
| haat = {{convert|117|m|ft|sp=us}}
| facility_id = KDAY: 10100 <br> KDEY: 10099
| coordinates =
| class = A
| facility_id = 10100
| callsign_meaning =
| coordinates = {{coord|34|0|19|N|118|21|44|W|type:landmark_region:US-CA|display=inline}}
| former_callsigns =
| callsign_meaning = Original [[KBLA|KDAY]] (AM) was a [[Daytimer]] (i.e., shut down at night)
| owner = [[Magic Broadcasting]]
| former_callsigns = KAPP-FM (1961–1965)<br/>KKOP (1965–1978)<br/>KFOX (1978–2000)<br/>KMJR (2000–2001)<br/>KFSG (2001–2003)<br/>KZAB (2003–2004)
| licensee = KDAY Licensing, LLC
| sister_stations = [[KWIE]]|
| affiliations = [[Compass Media Networks]]
| owner = [[Meruelo Group]]
| webcast = [http://player.streamtheworld.com/liveplayer.php?callsign=KDAYFM Listen Live]
| website = [http://935kday.com/ 93.5 KDAY]
| licensee = Meruelo Radio Holdings, LLC
| sister_stations = '''Radio:''' {{hlist|[[KDEY-FM]]|[[KLLI (FM)|KLLI]]|[[KLOS]]|[[KPWR]]}} '''TV:''' {{hlist|[[KBEH]]|[[KWHY-TV]]}}
| affiliations =
| webcast = {{url |https://player.listenlive.co/35791 |Listen Live }}
| website = {{url |https://935kday.com|935kday.com }}
}}
}}
'''KDAY''' in [[Redondo Beach, California|Redondo Beach]] and '''KWIE''' in [[Ontario, California|Ontario]], are a pair of synchrocasting<ref>http://www.donmccoy.com/story.html</ref> [[radio station]]s based in [[South Los Angeles]] that airs a [[Classic hip-hop]] format aimed at African-Americans in the 18-49 range. The station is owned by [[Magic Broadcasting]] and broadcasts at 93.5&nbsp;MHz on the FM dial. The station has obtained a construction permit from the FCC for a power increase to 4,200 kW. <ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/fmq?call=KDAY |title=KDAY Facility Record |work=United States [[Federal Communications Commission]], audio division }}</ref>


'''KDAY''' (93.5 [[FM broadcasting|FM]], "93.5 KDAY") is a [[radio station]] that is licensed to [[Redondo Beach, California]] and serves the [[Greater Los Angeles]] area. The station is owned by [[Alex Meruelo|Meruelo Media]] and airs a [[classic hip hop]] [[radio format|format]]. The station's studios are located in [[Burbank, California|Burbank]] and its transmitter is in [[Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles|Baldwin Hills]]. KDAY also extends its signal coverage into the [[Inland Empire]] by adding a full power simulcast, [[KDEY-FM]] in [[Ontario, California]] to fill in all of the overlapping and gaping issues and problems in its eastern coverage area. <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.donmccoy.com/story.html |title=Don McCoy's Magic House — Life Story |access-date=March 11, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817125330/http://www.donmccoy.com/story.html |archive-date=August 17, 2016 }}</ref>
From 2004 to 2008, KDAY and '''[[KWIE]]''' in [[Ontario, California]] were a pair of synchrocasting<ref>[http://www.donmccoy.com/story.html Don McCoy's Magic House - Life Story<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[radio station]]s serving LA/Orange County and [[Inland Empire (California)|Riverside/San Bernardino]]. But on August 14, 2008 both stations ended their simulcast as KDAY increased its signal coverage and began focusing on the Los Angeles area as a hybrid Urban/Talk outlet targeting 18-49 year olds, while KWIE flipped to a [[Rhythmic Adult Contemporary]] format covering the Inland Empire. In September 2009 KWIE dropped the Rhythmic AC format and returned to simulcasting KDAY.


KDAY's [[HD Radio]] format is [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]].
Comedian [[George Carlin]] got his West Coast break at KDAY with original comedy partner [[Jack Burns]] as a morning team in the early 1960s. The pair spent much of their down time rehearsing their sketches for local coffee house performances. When those performances went well, they soon left radio for touring and television. Carlin asked that his star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] be placed outside the KDAY studios.


==History of KDAY==
[[Wolfman Jack]] did a program in the early 1970s at the original KDAY(AM) (licensed to Santa Monica) after his departure from border blaster station [[XERB]] (then at 1090-AM which is now [[XEPRS]]).


===The original KDAY on 1580 AM===
==History==
{{see also|KBLA}}
===The "Original" KDAY===
93.5 KDAY is a resurrection of the original R&B/dance/pop and Hip-Hop station of the 1970s and 1980s, KDAY AM 1580 During the 1980s KDAY featured a plethora of [[R&B]], [[Hip-Hop]] and 80s L.A. Disco/HI-NRG, and became the first station in the world to go 24/7 Hip-Hop. KDAY also helped bring the West Coast rap scene and for that matter the whole worlds rap scene into prominence. Its musical director, afternoon host Greg Mack 'The Mack Attack', transformed [[N.W.A]]. from an unknown group to one of the most prolific musicians of the hip-hop generation. It also had earlier launched the careers of N.W.A. core members [[Dr. Dre]] and [[DJ Yella]] with their [[World Class Wrecking Cru]], a popular mix show of the time. There were others that were very instrumental in bringing 'AM Stereo KDAY' to a 3.0 rating like Russ Parr, Steve Woods, JJ Johnson, Jack Patterson, Roger Aldre, Lee Marshall 'King News', 'The Brown Beauty On Duty' Jesse Torrero, Lisa Canning, Mark Morganella, Don Tracey, Mix Master Tony G, The High Energy Mixers Hazze (aka Hamburgar Helper), and DJ Eddie (aka La Flavour), Rory Kaufman, Ed Kirby, Andy Laired, Jon Badeaux and so many others during that era that made 'AM Stereo 1580 KDAY' the power house of innovation, change, and musical leadership in the Hip-Hop, R&B, and Dance Music Worlds. With shows like the Traffic Jam, Friday Night Live, The High Energy Show, World On Wheels, Skateland USA, custom song mixes, interviews, heavy community service in schools, community centers, youth and church groups, community events, and the in street cutting edge programing, contests, and freshness many major players in the radio, and record business got their careers going on this odd 50,000 watt AM directional signal in Los Angeles. If an artist came to the West Coast KDAY was the destination to stop at in Los Angeles.


KDAY first signed on in 1948 as a 10,000-[[watt]] [[Soul music|soul]]/[[R&B]] outlet at 1580 [[AM broadcasting|AM]]. Its [[call sign]] represented the fact that it was a "[[Daytimer|<u>day</u>timer]]"; i.e., it broadcast only during daytime hours and signed off every evening.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.dailynews.com/2016/02/23/the-secret-meaning-behind-call-letters-of-los-angeles-radio-stations/ |last=Wagoner |first=Richard |title=The secret meaning behind call letters of Los Angeles radio stations |newspaper=Los Angeles Daily News |date=February 23, 2016 |access-date=June 9, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC-YB/1957/Radio-AL-MT-1957-BC-YB.pdf |title=Directory of AM and FM Stations and Market Data for the United States |magazine=Broadcasting Yearbook |publisher=Broadcasting Publications Inc. |page=68 |date=1957 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref> It flipped to a [[Contemporary hit radio|top 40]] format a short time later.
AM 1580 was sold in 1991 to realtor Fred Sands (who also owned iconic heavy metal station [[KNAC]])<ref>''[http://articles.latimes.com/1991-02-27/entertainment/ca-1985_1_rap-music KDAY Says R.I.P. to Rap Format]''. ''Los Angeles Times''. February 27, 1991. Retrieved on 2009-08-19.</ref>; it officially went off the air on March 29th of that year. Hours before that, phone calls were streaming into the station as the on-the-air DJs encouraged KDAY listeners to protest against the shutting down of the station. It was too late and KDAY turned into business-oriented radio station [[KBLA]] later that day. The last song played that signaled the end of the original KDAY was "Ain't No Future in Yo' Frontin'" by [[MC Breed]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} After that, silence came to one of the AM band's last new music stations in the Los Angeles market.


After his firing from [[WABC (AM)|WABC]] in November 1959, famed [[disc jockey]] [[Alan Freed]] arrived at KDAY and worked there for about one year. By that time the station had a 50,000-watt transmitter but was on-air only during the daytime.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dailynews.com/2019/12/23/radio-how-a-disgraced-dj-made-his-way-to-southern-california-airwaves/ |title=Radio: How a disgraced DJ made his way to KDAY |date=December 23, 2019 |work=LA Daily News |access-date=February 4, 2021 |url-access=registration |quote=Small. Daytime-only at the time. Though it did have Art Laboe and 50,000 watts, so it wasn’t all bad.}}</ref>
Currently, [[KBLA]] is a Spanish-language [[evangelicalism|evangelical]] [[Christian]] station.


In 1960, [[George Carlin]], with his comedy partner [[Jack Burns]], arrived in Los Angeles and were hired at KDAY for their comedic stylings. They performed in area coffee houses when the radio station went off the air at sunset and were subsequently discovered and performed on ''[[Tonight Starring Jack Paar]]''. Carlin and Burns worked at the station for less than six months.<ref>{{cite web |title=George Carlin - Unmasked with George Carlin |via=YouTube |date=6 March 2013 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-clvDxl8qI |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/s-clvDxl8qI |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|access-date=September 19, 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In 1972, KDAY switched to [[album-oriented rock]] only to revert to soul/R&B in January 1974. KDAY moved its transmitter to Los Angeles in 1968, and concurrently upgraded to 50,000 watts day and night. FM stations such as [[KJLH]] grew in popularity in the early 1980s, cutting into KDAY's audience. KDAY fought back by hiring Greg Mack from [[KMJQ]] in Houston as music director in 1983. Mack eventually added [[hip hop music]] to the station's playlist to appeal to mostly young [[African Americans|Black]] and [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] listeners. [[Dr. Dre]] and [[DJ Yella|DJ Yella Boy]] became the first mixer DJs at the station.<ref name="Charnas">{{cite book |last=Charnas |first=Dan |title=The Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop |url=https://archive.org/details/bigpaybackhistor00danc |url-access=registration |place=New York |publisher=New American Library |year=2010 |isbn=9780451229298 }}</ref>{{rp|214–216}}
===The "New" KDAY===
[[File:KDAY 20th Anniversary - Julio G 01.jpg|275px|left|thumb|Former KDAY radio personality Greg Mack (far left) and "mixmaster" DJ [[Julio G]] (center) at the KDAY AM 1580 20th anniversary in 2003.]]
KDAY was resurrected as an FM station in summer 2004, with a new campaign "Hip-Hop Today and Back in the Day." During its first few weeks, KDAY aired continuous music with no [[commercials]] and no [[disc jockeys]]. Shortly after, KDAY signed on some of Southern California's most popular DJs, including former West Coast female rapper rapper [[Yo-Yo (rapper)|Yo-Yo]], The Baka Boyz and [[Julio G]], all of which previously were at [[KKBT]]. Today, as its campaign suggests, KDAY plays a variety of hip-hop and R&B from the 80's, 90's, and [[2000–2009|now]].
In the first ratings period under Mack's leadership, KDAY's ratings beat another Los Angeles Black AM station, [[KYPA|KGFJ]], and "began to enjoy a second life as the only rap-friendly station in town and, frankly, in the entire country."<ref name="Charnas" />{{rp|217}} By September 1983, KDAY also upgraded its sound to [[AM stereo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://las-solanas.com/arsa/surveys_item.php?sv=60200|title = KDAY 1580 Los Angeles Survey 09/12/83}}</ref> [[Dan Charnas]] described KDAY's audio upgrade as "laughable" and "sounding like ''two'' tinny AM radios playing side by side."<ref name="Charnas" />{{rp|293}}


After violence in the stands forced the cancellation of a [[Run-DMC]] concert at the [[Long Beach Arena]] for the group's ''[[Raising Hell (album)|Raising Hell]]'' tour,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-08-19-me-16897-story.html |title='Rap' Musicians' Concert Is Canceled at Palladium After Long Beach Fights |work=Los Angeles Times |date=August 19, 1986 |last=Ramos |first=George |access-date=July 3, 2017 }}</ref> KDAY organized a "Day of Peace" on October 9, 1986.<ref name="Charnas" />{{rp|218}} In a two-hour special, KDAY featured Run-DMC, singer [[Barry White]], and boxer [[Paul Gonzales]] appealing to rival [[gang]]s to stop feuding and opened phone lines for callers to describe gangs' impact in their communities.<ref>{{cite web |last=Boyer |first=Edward J. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-10-me-5239-story.html |title=Celebrities Use Airwaves to Take On Street Violence|work=Los Angeles Times |date=October 10, 1986 |access-date=July 3, 2017 }}</ref> There were no murders or incidents of gang violence that day. Within two weeks, the [[Bloods]] and [[Crips]], the two largest gangs in Los Angeles, signed a peace treaty.<ref name="Charnas" />{{rp|218}}
In April 2006, KDAY began moving away from a [[Rhythmic Contemporary]] leaning direction to an [[Urban Contemporary]] approach as the station refocuses its target audience towards African Americans. This was probably in response to competitor [[KPWR]] tilting back from Urban to Rhythmic in order to target [[Hispanic]] listeners. Due to sinking ratings, a month later, long-time hip-hop/R&B station [[KKBT]], eliminated hip hop from the format in favor of becoming a mixture of [[urban adult contemporary|Urban AC]] and [[talk radio|urban talk radio]], similar in format to [[KHHT]] and [[KJLH]]. (Only afterwards did KKBT "The Beat" change its calls and name to [[KRBV]] "V-100"). In addition, KDAY brought [[Steve Harvey]] on board on [[Memorial Day]] weekend 2006. Harvey had been released by KKBT the previous year. Weeks later, rival KKBT signed on [[Tom Joyner]], to carry his syndicated morning show there, but in December of 2006 KKBT would ax Joyner due to low ratings for Joyner, partly attributed to Harvey's success{{Fact|date=August 2008}}. Technically, the Steve Harvey Show plays R&B music on an [[Urban AC]] format, which backs up KDAY's [[Urban Contemporary]] format . Since the format altering, KDAY added slow jams during nighttime and [[Urban Gospel|gospel music]] on Sunday mornings.


In 1990, Mack left KDAY that year to work for rival KJLH. Real estate investor [[Fred Sands]], who also owned heavy metal station [[KNAC]], bought KDAY the next year.<ref name="Charnas" />{{rp|293–294}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-02-27-ca-1985-story.html |title=KDAY Says R.I.P. to Rap Format |date=February 27, 1991 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |access-date=August 19, 2009 }}</ref> On March 28, 1991, at 1 p.m., KDAY switched to a [[Business journalism|business]] format with call letters [[KBLA]].<ref name="Charnas" />{{rp|294}}<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1991/BB-1991-04-13.pdf |last1=Rosen |first1=Craig |last2=McAdams |first2=Janine |title=Rap Music Has The Blues As KDAY L.A. Calls It Quits |magazine=Billboard |pages=1, 15 |date=April 13, 1991 |access-date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref>
On July 23, 2007 KDAY/KDAI temporarily moved from an [[Urban Contemporary]] format to a [[rhythmic]] format under the consultancy of [[Harry Lyles]] and newly-installed PD Theo. In a statement to the website All Access, Lyles commented to the changes: "I am very excited and thrilled to be working with Don McCoy, Roy Laughlin and Theo. All we're doing is playing to the taste of Los Angeles and if we play what they want, they will listen. With PPM coming, this will make things a lot more interesting in Los Angeles." The format turnback might have been spurred by Magic's sale of KWIE. The KDAY call letters were originally intended to be dropped in favor of the station changing to Wild 93.5 and picking up KWIE calls in its place. For a time, the station only referenced itself as "93.5" in the promos until it can come up with a name and calls to fit the rhythmic format. This happened in July 2007, when the sale of KWIE "Wild 96.1" was completed to Liberman Broadcasting and that station became [[KRQB (FM)|KRQB]]. The KWIE call sign moved to the Ontario station, which was KDAI <ref>[http://web.yes.com/station/KDAY yes.com]</ref>. After the sale was completed, it turned out that the format altering was only temporary so they could have the KWIE listeners in the Riverside/San Bernardino area migrate to the 93.5 signal, as KDAY reverted back to [[classic hip-hop]] the following August.


===KDAY at 93.5 FM===
On April 8, 2008, [[Radio One (Company)|Radio One]] inked a deal with KDAY, which saw the station pick up the former "Beat" logo and several syndicated shows from [[Radio One (Company)|Radio One]]. The move came after Radio One sold KRBV to Bonneville International, who in turn dropped KRBV's [[Urban AC]] format the previous day (April 7, 2008); that station is now [[KSWD (FM)|KSWD]]. From that point, the station used the slogan "The Beat of LA," a nod to the popular [[hip-hop]] station during the 90's and early 2000s. [[Michael Baisden]], host of the syndicated afternoon show ''Love Lust and Lies'', returned to Los Angeles on KDAY on August 18, 2008 as KRBV previously aired the show until the format switch.
KDAY was resurrected on 93.5 FM on September 20, 2004, offering a [[rhythmic contemporary]] format that emphasized [[Classic hip hop|old school hip hop]], a nod to its AM heritage.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/2000s/2004/RR-2004-09-24.pdf |title=Styles Switches KZAB In L.A. To Hip-Hop 'K-Day' |magazine=Radio & Records |page=3 |date=September 24, 2004 }}</ref>


In April 2006, KDAY began moving away from rhythmic contemporary and toward an [[urban contemporary]] approach as the station refocused its target audience toward [[African Americans]]. This was in response to competitor [[KPWR]] (Power 106) de-emphasizing urban in favor of rhythmic contemporary in order to target Hispanic listeners. Due to sinking ratings, a month later, long-time hip-hop/R&B station [[KKLQ (FM)#KKBT - 100.3 The Beat|KKBT]] eliminated hip hop from the format, and flipped to a mixture of [[urban adult contemporary]] (urban AC) and [[Talk radio|urban talk]] programs, similar in format to [[KRRL|KHHT]] and [[KJLH]]. (Only afterwards did KKBT change its call letters and name to KRBV and "V100".) In addition, KDAY brought [[Steve Harvey]] on board on [[Memorial Day]] weekend in 2006;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ocregister.com/2006/05/21/harvey-is-key-to-kday-run-for-ratings/ |title=Harvey is key to KDAY run for ratings |newspaper=Orange County Register |date=May 21, 2006 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref> he had been released by KKBT the previous year. Weeks later, rival KKBT signed on [[Tom Joyner]] to carry his syndicated morning show there; however, in December 2006, KKBT would dismiss Joyner due to low ratings, partly attributed to Harvey's success.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/8419/joyner-to-replace-salley-at-kkbt-los-angeles/ |title=Joyner To Replace Salley At KKBT/Los Angeles |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=April 12, 2006 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/18258/tom-joyner-to-exit-kkbt-los-angeles/ |title=Tom Joyner To Exit KKBT/Los Angeles |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=December 12, 2006 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-dec-13-et-quick13.6-story.html |title=KKBT drops Joyner's show |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=December 13, 2006 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref>
On August 14, 2008 KDAY was upgraded from 3.4Kw to 4.2Kw, thanks to a [http://www.935thebeatstrongersignal.com/ new tower] that gave the station more coverage in the metro. The new tower will replace its former one, which had been in use for fifty years. Another move was the alteration of its [[Mainstream Urban]] format, as KDAY tweaked its direction to a hybrid Urban Contemporary/Urban Talk approach (a direction similar to Urban AC but featuring current adult-friendly R&B music with less Hip-Hop product and on-air talk personalities) targeting a 18-49 audience, with most of its programming being filled by syndicated shows during the day, except for DJ Theo's slow-jam show "Theo After Hours," which airs live from 8PM to 12AM weekdays. The move also ended the simulcasts of both KDAY and KWIE as the latter flipped to [[Rhythmic Adult Contemporary]] and targeted the Inland Empire on the same day<ref>[http://www.radio-info.com/smf/index.php/topic,106937.0.html From Radio-Info Los Angeles message board]</ref>.


On July 23, 2007, KDAY and sister station [[KWIE (FM)|KDAI]] in [[Ontario, California]] temporarily switched from an [[urban contemporary]] format to [[rhythmic contemporary]] under the consultancy of Harry Lyles and newly installed program director Theo. In a statement to online trade publication ''All Access'', Lyles commented on the changes: "I am very excited and thrilled to be working with Don McCoy, Roy Laughlin and Theo. All we're doing is playing to the taste of Los Angeles and if we play what they want, they will listen. With [[Portable People Meter|PPM]] coming, this will make things a lot more interesting in Los Angeles."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/27866/kday-kdai-pick-theo-as-pd-harry-lyles-to-consult?ref=search |title=KDAY & KDAI Pick Theo As PD; Harry Lyles To Consult |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=July 23, 2007 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/26744/kday-kdai-agree-to-ppm-when-launched-in-l-a?ref=search |title=KDAY & KDAI Agree To PPM When Launched In L.A. |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=June 25, 2007 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref> The format turnback might have been spurred by [[Magic Broadcasting]]'s July 19 sale of [[KRQB|KWIE]] (96.1 FM, "Wild 96.1") in [[San Jacinto, California|San Jacinto]]. Originally, the KDAY call letters were intended to be dropped in favor of the station picking up the KWIE calls as "Wild 93.5". For a time, the station only referenced itself as simply "93.5" on air until it could come up with a name and a call sign to fit the rhythmic format. This happened in July 2007, when the sale of KWIE to [[Liberman Broadcasting]] was completed and that station became KRQB. The KWIE call letters moved to the Ontario station, which at the time held the call sign KDAI.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.yes.com/station/KDAY |title=yes.com |access-date=March 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210038/http://web.yes.com/station/KDAY |archive-date=September 27, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> After the sale was completed, the format tweak ended up being only temporary; the intent was for KWIE listeners in the [[Inland Empire]] to migrate to the 93.5 FM signal as KDAY reverted to [[urban contemporary]] the following August.
Despite the changes, there had been criticism from listeners over KDAY's decision to move away from being a station that once supported Hip-Hop and a live airstaff to one that featured syndicated shows and an Urban Adult Contemporary/Talk format, claiming that the owners had ruined the legacy of both KDAY and "The Beat"<ref>[http://www.radio-info.com/smf/index.php/topic,106150.0.html From Radio-Info Los Angeles message board]</ref>. Those upset with that new approach predicted its demise as it was already tried before (and failed) at KKBT, while also feeling that Los Angeles could not support two Adult R&B outlets (referring to KDAY's main competitor, [[KJLH]]; [[KHHT]] is a Rhythmic AC aimed at Hispanics)<ref>[http://www.dailybreeze.com/lifeandculture/ci_10206153 KDAY goes back to independent programming] From [[The Daily Breeze]] (August 18, 2008)</ref>. But according to station management, the decision to tweak the format was due to [[Arbitron]]'s plans to implement the [[Portable People Meter|PPM]] in the Los Angeles radio market and where they feel they can tap into certain areas where they can attract the African American audience<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-arbitron12-2008aug12,0,1606327.story from Los Angeles Times (August 12, 2008)]</ref><ref>[http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-arbitron14-2008aug14,0,3179195.story From Los Angeles Times (August 14, 2008)]</ref>. The new changes resulted in [[R&R (magazine)|R&R]] and [[Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems|BDS]] removing the station from the Urban reporting radio panel in its August 29, 2008 issue<ref>[http://www.radioandrecords.com/Formats/Charts/panel_changes.asp From R&R]</ref>.


On April 8, 2008, [[Urban One|Radio One]] inked a deal with KDAY which saw the station pick up the former "Beat" branding, logo and several syndicated shows from Radio One. The move came after Radio One sold KRBV to [[Bonneville International]], who in turn dropped KRBV's urban AC format the previous day; that station is now [[KKLQ (FM)|KKLQ]]. From that point, the station used the slogan "The Beat of LA", a nod to the popular hip hop station during the 1990s and early 2000s. One such personality who returned to Los Angeles radio following KRBV's flip was [[Michael Baisden]], host of the syndicated afternoon show ''Love Lust and Lies'' which debuted on KDAY August 18.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/38474/v100-s-last-day-kday-becomes-the-beat-of-l-a----ra?ref=search |title=V100's Last Day; KDAY Becomes 'The Beat Of L.A.' -- Radio One Syndication's New Home |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=April 7, 2008 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref>
====Changes====
There had been hints of possible changes coming over the past several months, which became evident in its decision to replace [[Mo'Nique]]'s syndicated show in October 2008 for more music-driven local content. Another move would come with Theo's exit several weeks later. As a result, KDAY made a shift back to Urban and was reinstated to R&R/BDS' Urban panel in January 2009. The following March, KDAY re-added local air personalities to its lineup, with DJ Dense taking middays and Tha Goodfellas, who had been handling afternoons and weekends, was moved to the 7–10 pm slot. The Steve Harvey morning show was dropped on May 29, 2009, but later resurfaced on KJLH. In addition, [[Michael Baisden]]'s nationally syndicated show which aired in the afternoon drive was dropped on August 6, 2009. [[Keith Sweat]]'s nationally syndicated show ''The Keith Sweat Hotel'' was next in line to be dropped from KDAY.


On August 14, 2008, the station's signal was upgraded from 3.4&nbsp;[[Watt|kW]] to 4.2&nbsp;kW thanks to a new [[Broadcast transmitter|transmitter]] that improved coverage throughout the [[Los Angeles metropolitan area]]. The new tower replaced one that had been in use for fifty years. Also around this time, KDAY tweaked its mainstream urban format to a hybrid urban AC/urban talk approach — a direction similar to urban AC, but featuring current adult-friendly R&B music with on-air talk personalities and some hip-hop product — targeting an 18–49 audience. Most of KDAY's programming was being filled by syndicated shows during the day, except for DJ Theo's [[slow jam]] show ''Theo After Hours'', which aired live weeknights. The same day, KWIE dropped its simulcast of KDAY and flipped to a [[rhythmic adult contemporary]] format branded "FLO 93.5".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/44430/kday-has-first-new-fm-radio-tower-in-l-a-in-50-yea?ref=search |title=KDAY Has First New FM Radio Tower in L.A. in 50 Years |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=August 13, 2008 |access-date=June 8, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.radio-info.com/smf/index.php/topic,106937.0.html |title=KDAY Already Flipped? |website=Radio-Info.com |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080921102959/http://www.radio-info.com/smf/index.php/topic,106937.0.html |archive-date=September 21, 2008 }}</ref> According to station management, the decision to tweak KDAY's format was due to [[Arbitron]]'s plans to implement the [[Portable People Meter]] (PPM) in the Los Angeles radio market and where they believe they can tap into certain areas where they can attract the African American audience.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-arbitron12-2008aug12,0,1606327.story|title=Radio will get meter readings |last=Carney |first=Steve |date=August 12, 2008 |access-date=March 11, 2017 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-arbitron14-2008aug14,0,3179195.story |title=KIIS up as radio ratings go tech |last=Carney |first=Steve |date=August 14, 2008 |access-date=March 11, 2017 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times }}</ref> The new changes resulted in ''[[R&R (magazine)|R&R]]'' and [[Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems|Nielsen BDS]] removing the station from the Urban reporting radio panel in its August 29, 2008 issue.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.radioandrecords.com/Formats/Charts/panel_changes.asp |title=®R&R - Radio & Records, Inc |access-date=February 28, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218044319/http://www.radioandrecords.com/Formats/Charts/panel_changes.asp |archive-date=February 18, 2008 }}</ref>
At the Fresh Fest concert in Downtown Los Angeles's [[L.A. Live#Nokia Theatre|Nokia Theatre]], hints were made on stage that a full-blown format flip to resemble the original KDAY's Classic Hip Hop sound would occur on August 17 at 7:30 am, when they drop the branding of The Beat and become simply KDAY. The new logo was shown on all stage banners and screen graphics.


These changes were not popular with KDAY's listeners. Criticism arose over dropping live airstaff in favor of increased syndicated content and replacing hip hop music with the urban AC/talk format; listeners claimed the owners had ruined the legacies of both KDAY and The Beat.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.radio-info.com/smf/index.php/topic,106150.0.html |title=KDAY changes? |website=Radio-Info.com |archive-url=https://archive.today/20110814011941/http://www.radio-info.com/smf/index.php/topic,106150.0.html |archive-date=August 14, 2011 |access-date=June 10, 2018 }}</ref> Those upset with the new approach predicted its demise as it was already tried unsuccessfully at KKBT; they also felt that Los Angeles could not support two adult R&B outlets (the other being [[KJLH]], as [[KRRL|KHHT]] was a rhythmic AC outlet aimed at Hispanics).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.dailybreeze.com/lifeandculture/ci_10206153 |title=KDAY goes back to independent programming |newspaper=[[Daily Breeze]] |location=[[Torrance, California]] |date=August 18, 2008 |access-date=August 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524030312/http://www.dailybreeze.com/lifeandculture/ci_10206153 |archive-date=May 24, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
As promised, the change came that very Monday morning with [[Boyz II Men]]'s "End Of The Road" signaling the wrap of the old The Beat format and [[Snoop Dogg]]'s "Gin & Juice" being the first song under the new KDAY format. Station spots in between songs indicated that the previous syndicated fare was a programming mistake that did not reflect what Los Angeles fans were looking for and that the station would "never do that again."


===Return to classic hip hop===
In a press release, the station's PD/OM, Adrian (A.D.) Scott, explained in detail: "The landscape of Los Angeles radio has been ever changing over the last several years and the programming at 93.5 is taking an exciting turn for the better. “The Beat” will be dropped as focus is placed on the brand equity in KDAY and its deep musical roots. Los Angeles has been missing the west coast sound. By eliminating syndicated programming, KDAY can now focus on its strengths as a local, independent station that connects with the diverse culture that is Los Angeles. With a mix of the old school and the new music that is enjoyed today, I feel we have a unique and winning recipe." While they may have returned to the format, KDAY still plays many classic hip hop songs without live DJs on the air. In September 2009, KWIE, after splitting from KDAY to broadcast a Rhythmic Hot AC format to target the Riverside-San Bernardino market, returned to simulcasting KDAY's format.
There had been hints of possible changes at KDAY coming throughout mid-2008, which became evident in the station's decision to replace [[Mo'Nique]]'s syndicated show in October 2008 for more music-driven local content.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/48109/kday-drops-the-mo-nique-show?ref=search |title=KDAY Drops The Mo'Nique Show |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=October 29, 2008 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref> Another move would come with programming director Theo's exit several weeks later, with Adrian "AD" Scott becoming interim PD in addition to his Operations Manager duties. As a result, KDAY made a shift back to an urban format and was reinstated to the ''R&R''/BDS Urban panel in January 2009. The following March, KDAY re-added local air personalities to its lineup, with DJ Dense taking middays and Tha Goodfellas, who had been handling afternoons and weekends, taking the evening slot.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/53912/kday-adds-live-air-personalities |title=KDAY Adds Live Air Personalities |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=March 2, 2009 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref> ''[[The Steve Harvey Morning Show]]'' was dropped on May 29, 2009, but later resurfaced on [[KJLH]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/58772/steve-harvey-exits-kday |title=Steve Harvey Exits KDAY |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=May 29, 2009 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/61223/kjlh-to-air-steve-harvey?ref=search |title=KJLH To Air Steve Harvey |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=July 22, 2009 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref> In addition, Michael Baisden's nationally syndicated show, which aired in afternoon drive, was dropped on July 31, 2009. This was followed by [[Keith Sweat]]'s nationally syndicated show, ''The Keith Sweat Hotel''.


At the "Fresh Fest" concert at [[L.A. Live#Microsoft Theater and The Novo|Nokia Theatre]] in downtown Los Angeles, hints were made on stage (including a new logo that was shown on all stage banners and screen graphics) that a full-blown format flip to resemble the original KDAY's [[classic hip hop]] sound would occur on August 17, 2009, at 7:30&nbsp;a.m. At that time, after playing [[Boyz II Men]]'s "[[End of the Road (Boyz II Men song)|End of the Road]]", the station dropped the "Beat" branding and reverted to KDAY, with [[Snoop Dogg]]'s "[[Gin & Juice]]" ushering in the new format.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sR4ZAOIEa8Y |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/sR4ZAOIEa8Y |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=KDAY back in LA!! |date=August 19, 2009 |access-date=March 11, 2017 |via=YouTube }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Station spots between songs indicated that the previous syndicated fare was a programming mistake on the part of KDAY that did not reflect what Los Angeles fans wanted and that the station would "never do that again". The flip officially left Los Angeles as the largest market without an [[urban contemporary]] station until KHHT flipped back to that format as [[KRRL]] in 2015, replacing Houston in that distinction. (Houston would regain an urban contemporary outlet in KHHT's sister station [[KQBT|KKRW]], which flipped to that format over a year before KHHT.)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/62450/kday----change-has-come?ref=search |title=KDAY — Change Has Come |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=August 18, 2009 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref> A month later, in September 2009, KWIE would return to simulcasting KDAY under new call letters [[KDEY-FM]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/64734/kday-simulcasts-with-kwie?ref=search |title=KDAY Simulcasts With KWIE |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=October 1, 2009 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref>
In November 2009, station management at KDAY made more changes by bringing in veteran programming consultants Bill Tanner and Steve Smith to help evolve the station alongside PD Scott, new OM Brian Bridgman and new GM Zeke Chaidez. In a interview from All Access, Tanner explained what was in store for KDAY pertaining to the future adjustments for the format: "Brian, Steve and I have offered some refinements based on our many years of experience in Los Angeles," then added that "We’re just getting started with the music. We will be adding jocks and more surprises in the weeks ahead."<ref>[http://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/67564/kday-continues-to-evolve "KDAY Continues To Evolve" from All Access (November 30, 2009)]</ref>


In November 2009, KDAY management hired veteran programming consultants Bill Tanner and Steve Smith to help in the evolution of the station alongside program director Adrian Scott, new operations manager Brian Bridgman, and new general manager Zeke Chaidez. Tanner explained what was in store for KDAY's future: "Brian, Steve and I have offered some refinements based on our many years of experience in Los Angeles ... We're just getting started with the music. We will be adding jocks and more surprises in the weeks ahead." On-air music mixing returned to the station with the additions of Mr. AD, Eddy Xprs, Class1c, and DJ Dense.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/67564/kday-continues-to-evolve |title=KDAY Continues To Evolve |website=All Access |publisher=All Access Music Group |date=November 30, 2009 |access-date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref>
====The 93.5 signal itself====
The 93.5 frequency, in Redondo Beach, signed on in the early 1960's as KAPP-FM. Chuck Johnson and Lonnie Cook came to 93.5 from 103.9 in Inglewood. The frequency was shared as the signal's programming came from Redondo Beach in the daytime, and the Pop / Blues / Doo Wop / Jazz format being aired by Johnson and Cook(from Chuck's home) at night. It has been determined that their FM Top 40 chart is the oldest one known to exist.


On December 27, 2010, [[Magic Broadcasting]] announced it would sell KDAY and KDEY-FM to SoCal935, LLC for $35 million. At the time, SoCal935's principal investors Warren Chang and John Hearne also had a financial stake in Riverside [[rhythmic contemporary]] station [[KQIE]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.radio-info.com/news/35-million-sale-for-a-southern-california-combo |title=$35 million sale for a Southern California combo |date=December 27, 2010 |website=Radio-Info.com |access-date=May 31, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518003149/http://www.radio-info.com/news/35-million-sale-for-a-southern-california-combo |archive-date=May 18, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) approved the sale on December 8, 2011;<ref name="fcc23acf"/> however, even after three extensions of time to consummate the sale, the transfer of ownership never took place.
The next known transmission of 93.5 was KKOP and it played mellow pop music and even copied the playlist of the now defunct KNHS 89.7 of Torrance. One of the station's early owners was game show producer [[Jack Barry (television personality)|Jack Barry]], who later stated that he bought the station specifically because it would require him to have a license from the [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]], and that if the FCC would be willing to grant him a license, it would effectively show that he no longer was "tainted" by the [[Quiz show scandals|game show scandals]].


Another proposed sale of KDAY and KDEY-FM was announced April 10, 2013, this time to RBC Communications, a group led by [[China|Chinese]]/[[Hong Kong]] broadcaster [[Phoenix Television]] and its editor-in-chief and current affairs anchor [[Anthony Yuen]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/blog/headlines/81593/kday-los-angeles-sold/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=KDAY Los Angeles Sold |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=April 10, 2013 |access-date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref> By October, however, RBC had pulled out of the deal, marking the second failed attempt by Magic to divest the two stations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.laweekly.com/westcoastsound/2013/10/kday_saved.php |title=Sources: KDAY Saved |last=Westhoff |first=Ben |date=October 1, 2013 |website=[[LA Weekly]] |access-date=March 11, 2017 }}</ref>
Later in the 1970s the call letters KFOX were assigned to the station, which like its predecessor at 1280AM (now [[KFRN]]) played [[country music]]. This format continued until the mid-1980s, when the owner decided to sell blocks of air time to various producers; KFOX evolved into a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual format such as Radio Rangarang (Persian), Radio Omid (Persian) and Radio Naeeri (Armenian). In the mid-1990s, this became "Radio Korea USA" with an all-[[Korean language|Korean]] format. This continued until 1999, when the [[Church of the Foursquare Gospel]], which, as a condition of selling 96.3 [[KXOL-FM]] moved the KFSG call letters and format to 93.5, which was acquired by 96.3's new owners, [[Spanish Broadcasting System]], specifically for the purpose of relocating KFSG. In 2002, the lease arrangement with Foursquare ended, and SBS switched to a [[Spanish-language]] outlet, first as [[KMJR]] (La Mejor) and later [[KZAB]].


On June 7, 2015, KDAY began airing [[Art Laboe]]'s syndicated six-hour Sunday night [[urban oldies]] program ''The Art Laboe Connection''. Previously, the show was broadcast on KHHT until the aforementioned flip of that station in February 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://laist.com/2015/06/01/art_laboe_kday.php |title=Art Laboe's Killer Oldies Return To L.A.'s Airwaves Again |access-date=March 11, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911234308/http://laist.com/2015/06/01/art_laboe_kday.php |archive-date=September 11, 2017 }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}


KDEY-FM dropped its simulcast of KDAY a second time in February 2017, as the former flipped to an urban contemporary format targeting its local [[Inland Empire]] market as "Wild 93.5". Before the switch, owner [[Alex Meruelo|Meruelo Media]] filed a [[special temporary authority]] with the FCC for KDEY-FM by reducing power to determine any possible [[co-channel interference]] issues.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/headlines/netgnomes/105513/daily-domains-317-is-kday-getting-wild/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=KDEY Breaks KDAY Simulcast For Urban "Wild 93.5" |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=March 2, 2017 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref> However, after just seven months, KDEY-FM would return to simulcasting with KDAY for a third time on October 30, 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/headlines/120639/kday-restores-inland-empire-simulcast/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=KDAY Restores Inland Empire Simulcast |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=October 30, 2017 |access-date=June 9, 2018 }}</ref>
==See also==
*[[KWIE (FM)]]


On May 9, 2017, [[Emmis Broadcasting]] sold KDAY competitor [[KPWR]] (Power 106) to Meruelo Group for $82.75 million; Meruelo began operating KPWR that July.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/headlines/118724/meruelo-takes-kpwr-sets-new-management/ |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=Meruelo Takes Over KPWR; Sets New Management |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=July 6, 2017 |access-date=June 10, 2018 }}</ref> As a result of the acquisition and the company's decision to retain KPWR's rhythmic contemporary format, airstaff and management, Meruelo announced that it would relocate the KDAY studios to [[Burbank, California|Burbank]] alongside KPWR. Under Meruelo ownership, KDAY and KDEY-FM refocused their programming on classic hip hop and rhythmic throwbacks to avoid overlap.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://radioinsight.com/headlines/117804/emmis-sells-power-106-los-angeles-mereulo-group |last=Venta |first=Lance |title=Emmis Sells Power 106 Los Angeles To Mereulo Group |website=RadioInsight |publisher=RadioBB Networks |date=May 9, 2017 |access-date=June 10, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.insideradio.com/free/power-now-powered-by-meruelo-via-lma/article_38024c36-626b-11e7-b0fd-0f860f79353c.html |title=Power 106 Now Powered By Meruelo Via LMA |website=Inside Radio |location=Atlanta, Georgia |date=July 6, 2017 |access-date=July 6, 2017 }}</ref>
==External links==
*[http://www.935kday.com/main.php 93.5 KDAY's official website]
*[http://magicbroadcasting.net/ Magic Broadcasting LLC official website]
*{{FMQ|KDAY}}
*{{FML|KDAY}}
*{{FMARB|KDAY}}
*[http://www.urbaninsite.com/asp/news.asp?mode=1253|Steve Harvey Is Back On-the-Air in L.A.]
*[http://www.headzupfm.com K-HDZ HeadzUp FM A Alternative Hip-Hop Radio Station streaming 24/7 in a mixtape format]


==History of the 93.5 FM frequency in Los Angeles==
The station at 93.5 FM, licensed to [[Redondo Beach, California]], signed on in 1961 as KAPP-FM and was owned by South Bay Broadcasting Company. The license was granted after the applications for [[KLLI (FM)|KPOL-FM]] and [[KNX (AM)|KNX-FM]] were denied. Chuck Johnson and Lonnie Cook came to KAPP-FM from [[KRCD (FM)|KTYM-FM]] (103.9 FM) in [[Inglewood, California|Inglewood]]. The frequency was shared as the signal's programming came from Redondo Beach in the daytime, and the [[Pop music|pop]], [[Blues music|blues]], [[doo wop]], and [[jazz]] format being aired by Johnson and Cook (from Johnson's home) at night. It has been determined that their FM [[top 40]] chart is the oldest one known to exist.


The station changed its callsign to KKOP with its sale to Southern California Associated Newspapers in 1965 and began playing mellow pop music. The transmitter moved to [[Torrance, California|Torrance]] in the 1970s. In 1978, KKOP became KFOX-FM upon its sale to the former operators of [[KFRN|KFOX]] at 1280 AM. Like its predecessor, KFOX-FM played [[country music]]. The format in the early 1980s was an [[Adult CHR|adult contemporary hit music]] station. In 1981–1982, KFOX-FM employed Los Angeles' youngest disc jockey at the time, a 16-year-old student from [[Torrance High School]], Brett Nordhoff, who later changed his on-air name to Kidd Kelly.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://laradio.com/wherek.htm |last=Barrett |first=Don |title=Los Angeles Radio People, Where Are They Now, K |website=Los Angeles Radio People |location=Avila Beach, California |date=June 7, 2018 |access-date=June 10, 2018 }}</ref>

By 1983, KFOX-FM had evolved into a multi-ethnic, multilingual format such as Radio Rangarang ([[Persian language|Persian]]), Radio Omid (Persian), and Radio Naeeri ([[Armenian language|Armenian]]). In the mid-1990s, this became "Radio Korea USA" with an all-[[Korean language|Korean]] format. This continued until 1999, when the [[International Church of the Foursquare Gospel]] (ICFG) moved the KFSG call letters and [[Christian radio]] format to 93.5 FM. This switch was a condition of selling [[KXOL-FM]] (96.3 FM), acquired by [[Spanish Broadcasting System]] specifically for the purpose of relocating KFSG.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-RandR/2000s/2001/RR-2001-05-04.pdf |title=KXOL/L.A. Shines With 'El Sol' Debut |magazine=Radio & Records |pages=3, 20 |date=May 4, 2001 |access-date=June 10, 2018 }}</ref> In 2002, the lease arrangement with the ICFG ended and SBS switched KFSG to a [[Spanish-language]] outlet, first as KMJR ("La Mejor") and later KZAB as La Sabrosa.

==References==
{{reflist |30em |refs=<ref name="fcc23acf">{{cite web |publisher=FCC Media Bureau |title=Application Search Details (BALH-20101223ACF) |url=https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/app_det.pl?Application_id=1478380 |date=December 8, 2011 |access-date=December 23, 2011 }}</ref> }}

==External links==
*{{official website |url=https://www.935kday.com/ }}
*{{url |https://web.archive.org/web/20100106204040/http://magicbroadcasting.net/ |Magic Broadcasting LLC }}
*{{FM station data|10100|KDAY}}
*{{url |1=http://www.urbaninsite.com/asp/news.asp?mode=1253 |2=Steve Harvey Is Back On-the-Air in L.A. }}
*{{url |http://www.radioastrology.com/ |Current web site for Farley Malorrus, former host of 93.5 FM KFOX 12 Noon }}


{{Los Angeles Radio}}
{{Los Angeles Radio}}
{{Urban Radio Stations in California}}
{{Magic Broadcasting radio stations}}

[[Category:Radio stations in Los Angeles, California|DAY]]
[[Category:Urban contemporary radio stations]]
[[Category:Radio stations in Los Angeles|DAY]]
[[Category:Classic hip-hop radio stations in the United States]]
[[Category:Companies based in Redondo Beach, California]]
[[Category:Radio stations established in 1961]]
[[Category:1961 establishments in California]]

Latest revision as of 12:30, 13 December 2024

For other uses, see K-Day (disambiguation).

KDAY
Broadcast areaLos Angeles County Orange County, California
Frequency93.5 MHz (HD Radio)
Branding93.5 KDAY
Programming
FormatClassic hip hop
AffiliationsCompass Media Networks
Ownership
Owner
Radio:
TV:
History
First air date
1961 (as KAPP-FM)
Former call signs
KAPP-FM (1961–1965)
KKOP (1965–1978)
KFOX (1978–2000)
KMJR (2000–2001)
KFSG (2001–2003)
KZAB (2003–2004)
Call sign meaning
Original KDAY (AM) was a Daytimer (i.e., shut down at night)
Technical information
Facility ID10100
ClassA
ERP4,200 watts
HAAT117 meters (384 ft)
Transmitter coordinates
34°0′19″N 118°21′44″W / 34.00528°N 118.36222°W / 34.00528; -118.36222
Repeater(s)93.5 KDEY-FM (Ontario)
105.9 KPWR-HD2 (Los Angeles)
Links
WebcastListen Live
Website935kday.com

KDAY (93.5 FM, "93.5 KDAY") is a radio station that is licensed to Redondo Beach, California and serves the Greater Los Angeles area. The station is owned by Meruelo Media and airs a classic hip hop format. The station's studios are located in Burbank and its transmitter is in Baldwin Hills. KDAY also extends its signal coverage into the Inland Empire by adding a full power simulcast, KDEY-FM in Ontario, California to fill in all of the overlapping and gaping issues and problems in its eastern coverage area. [1]

KDAY's HD Radio format is R&B.

History of KDAY

[edit]

The original KDAY on 1580 AM

[edit]
See also: KBLA

KDAY first signed on in 1948 as a 10,000-watt soul/R&B outlet at 1580 AM. Its call sign represented the fact that it was a "daytimer"; i.e., it broadcast only during daytime hours and signed off every evening.[2][3] It flipped to a top 40 format a short time later.

After his firing from WABC in November 1959, famed disc jockey Alan Freed arrived at KDAY and worked there for about one year. By that time the station had a 50,000-watt transmitter but was on-air only during the daytime.[4]

In 1960, George Carlin, with his comedy partner Jack Burns, arrived in Los Angeles and were hired at KDAY for their comedic stylings. They performed in area coffee houses when the radio station went off the air at sunset and were subsequently discovered and performed on Tonight Starring Jack Paar. Carlin and Burns worked at the station for less than six months.[5] In 1972, KDAY switched to album-oriented rock only to revert to soul/R&B in January 1974. KDAY moved its transmitter to Los Angeles in 1968, and concurrently upgraded to 50,000 watts day and night. FM stations such as KJLH grew in popularity in the early 1980s, cutting into KDAY's audience. KDAY fought back by hiring Greg Mack from KMJQ in Houston as music director in 1983. Mack eventually added hip hop music to the station's playlist to appeal to mostly young Black and Latino listeners. Dr. Dre and DJ Yella Boy became the first mixer DJs at the station.[6]: 214–216 

Former KDAY radio personality Greg Mack (far left) and "mixmaster" DJ Julio G (center) at the KDAY AM 1580 20th anniversary in 2003.

In the first ratings period under Mack's leadership, KDAY's ratings beat another Los Angeles Black AM station, KGFJ, and "began to enjoy a second life as the only rap-friendly station in town and, frankly, in the entire country."[6]: 217  By September 1983, KDAY also upgraded its sound to AM stereo.[7] Dan Charnas described KDAY's audio upgrade as "laughable" and "sounding like two tinny AM radios playing side by side."[6]: 293 

After violence in the stands forced the cancellation of a Run-DMC concert at the Long Beach Arena for the group's Raising Hell tour,[8] KDAY organized a "Day of Peace" on October 9, 1986.[6]: 218  In a two-hour special, KDAY featured Run-DMC, singer Barry White, and boxer Paul Gonzales appealing to rival gangs to stop feuding and opened phone lines for callers to describe gangs' impact in their communities.[9] There were no murders or incidents of gang violence that day. Within two weeks, the Bloods and Crips, the two largest gangs in Los Angeles, signed a peace treaty.[6]: 218 

In 1990, Mack left KDAY that year to work for rival KJLH. Real estate investor Fred Sands, who also owned heavy metal station KNAC, bought KDAY the next year.[6]: 293–294 [10] On March 28, 1991, at 1 p.m., KDAY switched to a business format with call letters KBLA.[6]: 294 [11]

KDAY at 93.5 FM

[edit]

KDAY was resurrected on 93.5 FM on September 20, 2004, offering a rhythmic contemporary format that emphasized old school hip hop, a nod to its AM heritage.[12]

In April 2006, KDAY began moving away from rhythmic contemporary and toward an urban contemporary approach as the station refocused its target audience toward African Americans. This was in response to competitor KPWR (Power 106) de-emphasizing urban in favor of rhythmic contemporary in order to target Hispanic listeners. Due to sinking ratings, a month later, long-time hip-hop/R&B station KKBT eliminated hip hop from the format, and flipped to a mixture of urban adult contemporary (urban AC) and urban talk programs, similar in format to KHHT and KJLH. (Only afterwards did KKBT change its call letters and name to KRBV and "V100".) In addition, KDAY brought Steve Harvey on board on Memorial Day weekend in 2006;[13] he had been released by KKBT the previous year. Weeks later, rival KKBT signed on Tom Joyner to carry his syndicated morning show there; however, in December 2006, KKBT would dismiss Joyner due to low ratings, partly attributed to Harvey's success.[14][15][16]

On July 23, 2007, KDAY and sister station KDAI in Ontario, California temporarily switched from an urban contemporary format to rhythmic contemporary under the consultancy of Harry Lyles and newly installed program director Theo. In a statement to online trade publication All Access, Lyles commented on the changes: "I am very excited and thrilled to be working with Don McCoy, Roy Laughlin and Theo. All we're doing is playing to the taste of Los Angeles and if we play what they want, they will listen. With PPM coming, this will make things a lot more interesting in Los Angeles."[17][18] The format turnback might have been spurred by Magic Broadcasting's July 19 sale of KWIE (96.1 FM, "Wild 96.1") in San Jacinto. Originally, the KDAY call letters were intended to be dropped in favor of the station picking up the KWIE calls as "Wild 93.5". For a time, the station only referenced itself as simply "93.5" on air until it could come up with a name and a call sign to fit the rhythmic format. This happened in July 2007, when the sale of KWIE to Liberman Broadcasting was completed and that station became KRQB. The KWIE call letters moved to the Ontario station, which at the time held the call sign KDAI.[19] After the sale was completed, the format tweak ended up being only temporary; the intent was for KWIE listeners in the Inland Empire to migrate to the 93.5 FM signal as KDAY reverted to urban contemporary the following August.

On April 8, 2008, Radio One inked a deal with KDAY which saw the station pick up the former "Beat" branding, logo and several syndicated shows from Radio One. The move came after Radio One sold KRBV to Bonneville International, who in turn dropped KRBV's urban AC format the previous day; that station is now KKLQ. From that point, the station used the slogan "The Beat of LA", a nod to the popular hip hop station during the 1990s and early 2000s. One such personality who returned to Los Angeles radio following KRBV's flip was Michael Baisden, host of the syndicated afternoon show Love Lust and Lies which debuted on KDAY August 18.[20]

On August 14, 2008, the station's signal was upgraded from 3.4 kW to 4.2 kW thanks to a new transmitter that improved coverage throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The new tower replaced one that had been in use for fifty years. Also around this time, KDAY tweaked its mainstream urban format to a hybrid urban AC/urban talk approach — a direction similar to urban AC, but featuring current adult-friendly R&B music with on-air talk personalities and some hip-hop product — targeting an 18–49 audience. Most of KDAY's programming was being filled by syndicated shows during the day, except for DJ Theo's slow jam show Theo After Hours, which aired live weeknights. The same day, KWIE dropped its simulcast of KDAY and flipped to a rhythmic adult contemporary format branded "FLO 93.5".[21][22] According to station management, the decision to tweak KDAY's format was due to Arbitron's plans to implement the Portable People Meter (PPM) in the Los Angeles radio market and where they believe they can tap into certain areas where they can attract the African American audience.[23][24] The new changes resulted in R&R and Nielsen BDS removing the station from the Urban reporting radio panel in its August 29, 2008 issue.[25]

These changes were not popular with KDAY's listeners. Criticism arose over dropping live airstaff in favor of increased syndicated content and replacing hip hop music with the urban AC/talk format; listeners claimed the owners had ruined the legacies of both KDAY and The Beat.[26] Those upset with the new approach predicted its demise as it was already tried unsuccessfully at KKBT; they also felt that Los Angeles could not support two adult R&B outlets (the other being KJLH, as KHHT was a rhythmic AC outlet aimed at Hispanics).[27]

Return to classic hip hop

[edit]

There had been hints of possible changes at KDAY coming throughout mid-2008, which became evident in the station's decision to replace Mo'Nique's syndicated show in October 2008 for more music-driven local content.[28] Another move would come with programming director Theo's exit several weeks later, with Adrian "AD" Scott becoming interim PD in addition to his Operations Manager duties. As a result, KDAY made a shift back to an urban format and was reinstated to the R&R/BDS Urban panel in January 2009. The following March, KDAY re-added local air personalities to its lineup, with DJ Dense taking middays and Tha Goodfellas, who had been handling afternoons and weekends, taking the evening slot.[29] The Steve Harvey Morning Show was dropped on May 29, 2009, but later resurfaced on KJLH.[30][31] In addition, Michael Baisden's nationally syndicated show, which aired in afternoon drive, was dropped on July 31, 2009. This was followed by Keith Sweat's nationally syndicated show, The Keith Sweat Hotel.

At the "Fresh Fest" concert at Nokia Theatre in downtown Los Angeles, hints were made on stage (including a new logo that was shown on all stage banners and screen graphics) that a full-blown format flip to resemble the original KDAY's classic hip hop sound would occur on August 17, 2009, at 7:30 a.m. At that time, after playing Boyz II Men's "End of the Road", the station dropped the "Beat" branding and reverted to KDAY, with Snoop Dogg's "Gin & Juice" ushering in the new format.[32] Station spots between songs indicated that the previous syndicated fare was a programming mistake on the part of KDAY that did not reflect what Los Angeles fans wanted and that the station would "never do that again". The flip officially left Los Angeles as the largest market without an urban contemporary station until KHHT flipped back to that format as KRRL in 2015, replacing Houston in that distinction. (Houston would regain an urban contemporary outlet in KHHT's sister station KKRW, which flipped to that format over a year before KHHT.)[33] A month later, in September 2009, KWIE would return to simulcasting KDAY under new call letters KDEY-FM.[34]

In November 2009, KDAY management hired veteran programming consultants Bill Tanner and Steve Smith to help in the evolution of the station alongside program director Adrian Scott, new operations manager Brian Bridgman, and new general manager Zeke Chaidez. Tanner explained what was in store for KDAY's future: "Brian, Steve and I have offered some refinements based on our many years of experience in Los Angeles ... We're just getting started with the music. We will be adding jocks and more surprises in the weeks ahead." On-air music mixing returned to the station with the additions of Mr. AD, Eddy Xprs, Class1c, and DJ Dense.[35]

On December 27, 2010, Magic Broadcasting announced it would sell KDAY and KDEY-FM to SoCal935, LLC for $35 million. At the time, SoCal935's principal investors Warren Chang and John Hearne also had a financial stake in Riverside rhythmic contemporary station KQIE.[36] The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the sale on December 8, 2011;[37] however, even after three extensions of time to consummate the sale, the transfer of ownership never took place.

Another proposed sale of KDAY and KDEY-FM was announced April 10, 2013, this time to RBC Communications, a group led by Chinese/Hong Kong broadcaster Phoenix Television and its editor-in-chief and current affairs anchor Anthony Yuen.[38] By October, however, RBC had pulled out of the deal, marking the second failed attempt by Magic to divest the two stations.[39]

On June 7, 2015, KDAY began airing Art Laboe's syndicated six-hour Sunday night urban oldies program The Art Laboe Connection. Previously, the show was broadcast on KHHT until the aforementioned flip of that station in February 2015.[40]

KDEY-FM dropped its simulcast of KDAY a second time in February 2017, as the former flipped to an urban contemporary format targeting its local Inland Empire market as "Wild 93.5". Before the switch, owner Meruelo Media filed a special temporary authority with the FCC for KDEY-FM by reducing power to determine any possible co-channel interference issues.[41] However, after just seven months, KDEY-FM would return to simulcasting with KDAY for a third time on October 30, 2017.[42]

On May 9, 2017, Emmis Broadcasting sold KDAY competitor KPWR (Power 106) to Meruelo Group for $82.75 million; Meruelo began operating KPWR that July.[43] As a result of the acquisition and the company's decision to retain KPWR's rhythmic contemporary format, airstaff and management, Meruelo announced that it would relocate the KDAY studios to Burbank alongside KPWR. Under Meruelo ownership, KDAY and KDEY-FM refocused their programming on classic hip hop and rhythmic throwbacks to avoid overlap.[44][45]

History of the 93.5 FM frequency in Los Angeles

[edit]

The station at 93.5 FM, licensed to Redondo Beach, California, signed on in 1961 as KAPP-FM and was owned by South Bay Broadcasting Company. The license was granted after the applications for KPOL-FM and KNX-FM were denied. Chuck Johnson and Lonnie Cook came to KAPP-FM from KTYM-FM (103.9 FM) in Inglewood. The frequency was shared as the signal's programming came from Redondo Beach in the daytime, and the pop, blues, doo wop, and jazz format being aired by Johnson and Cook (from Johnson's home) at night. It has been determined that their FM top 40 chart is the oldest one known to exist.

The station changed its callsign to KKOP with its sale to Southern California Associated Newspapers in 1965 and began playing mellow pop music. The transmitter moved to Torrance in the 1970s. In 1978, KKOP became KFOX-FM upon its sale to the former operators of KFOX at 1280 AM. Like its predecessor, KFOX-FM played country music. The format in the early 1980s was an adult contemporary hit music station. In 1981–1982, KFOX-FM employed Los Angeles' youngest disc jockey at the time, a 16-year-old student from Torrance High School, Brett Nordhoff, who later changed his on-air name to Kidd Kelly.[46]

By 1983, KFOX-FM had evolved into a multi-ethnic, multilingual format such as Radio Rangarang (Persian), Radio Omid (Persian), and Radio Naeeri (Armenian). In the mid-1990s, this became "Radio Korea USA" with an all-Korean format. This continued until 1999, when the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel (ICFG) moved the KFSG call letters and Christian radio format to 93.5 FM. This switch was a condition of selling KXOL-FM (96.3 FM), acquired by Spanish Broadcasting System specifically for the purpose of relocating KFSG.[47] In 2002, the lease arrangement with the ICFG ended and SBS switched KFSG to a Spanish-language outlet, first as KMJR ("La Mejor") and later KZAB as La Sabrosa.

References

[edit]
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  4. ^ "Radio: How a disgraced DJ made his way to KDAY". LA Daily News. December 23, 2019. Retrieved February 4, 2021. Small. Daytime-only at the time. Though it did have Art Laboe and 50,000 watts, so it wasn't all bad.
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  8. ^ Ramos, George (August 19, 1986). "'Rap' Musicians' Concert Is Canceled at Palladium After Long Beach Fights". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
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