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{{Short description|2006 novel by Thomas Harris}}
{{About|the novel|the film|Hannibal Rising (film)}}
{{About|the novel|the film|Hannibal Rising (film)}}
{{Infobox Book | <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->
{{Infobox book <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->
| name = Hannibal Rising
| name = Hannibal Rising
| image = [[Image:Hannibalrisingcover.jpg|200px]]
| image = Hannibalrisingcover.jpg
| caption = First edition cover
| author = [[Thomas Harris]]
| author = [[Thomas Harris]]
| cover_artist =
| cover_artist =
| country = [[United States]]
| country = United States
| language = [[English language|English]]
| language = English
| series = [[Hannibal Lecter]]
| series = [[Hannibal Lecter (franchise)|Hannibal Lecter]]
| genre = [[Thriller (genre)|Thriller]]
| genre = [[Thriller (genre)|Thriller]], [[Horror (genre)|horror]], [[psychological thriller]]
| publisher = [[Delacorte Press]]
| publisher = [[Delacorte Press]]
| release_date = 5 December 2006
| release_date = 5 December 2006
Line 14: Line 16:
| pages = 323
| pages = 323
| isbn = 0-385-33941-0
| isbn = 0-385-33941-0
| oclc= 82287375
| oclc = 82287375
| preceded_by = [[Hannibal (novel)|Hannibal]]
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| followed_by =[[Red Dragon (novel)|Red Dragon]]
}}
}}
'''''Hannibal Rising''''' is a [[novel]] written by [[Thomas Harris]], published in 2006. It is a [[prequel]] to his three previous books featuring his most iconic character, the [[cannibal]]istic [[serial killer]] [[Hannibal Lecter|Dr. Hannibal Lecter]]. The novel was released with an initial printing of at least 1.5 million copies<ref name="cnn">{{cite web| url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/books/09/19/books.hanniballecter.ap/index.html| title = New Hannibal Lecter novel due in December| accessdate = 2006-09-19| author = AP| date = 2006-09-19| publisher = [[CNN]]| archiveurl = | archivedate = }}</ref> and met with a mixed critical response. [[Audiobook]] versions have also been released, with Harris reading the text. The novel was adapted (by Harris himself) into a [[Hannibal Rising (film)|film of the same name]] in 2007, directed by [[Peter Webber]].


'''''Hannibal Rising''''' is a psychological horror [[novel]] by American author [[Thomas Harris]], published in 2006. It is the fourth and final novel in Harris's series and the first novel in chronological order of the novels of Thomas Harris centered around [[Hannibal Lecter|Dr. Hannibal Lecter]], serving as a [[prequel]] to his three previous books featuring his most famous character, the [[Human cannibalism|cannibal]]istic [[serial killer]] [[Hannibal Lecter|Dr. Hannibal Lecter]]. The novel was released with an initial printing of at least 1.5 million copies<ref name="CNN">{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/books/09/19/books.hanniballecter.ap/index.html |title=New Hannibal Lecter novel due in December |access-date=September 19, 2006 |date=September 19, 2006|work=[[CNN]] |agency=[[Associated Press]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060920233820/http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/books/09/19/books.hanniballecter.ap/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=September 20, 2006}}</ref> and met with a mixed critical response. [[Audiobook]] versions have also been released, with Harris reading the text. The novel was adapted (by Harris himself) into a [[Hannibal Rising (film)|film of the same name]] in 2007, directed by [[Peter Webber]]. Producer [[Dino De Laurentiis]] implied around the time of the novel's release that he had coerced Harris into writing it under threat of losing control over the Hannibal Lecter character, accounting for the perceived diminished quality from Harris' previous books.<ref name="Entertainment Weekly">{{cite magazine|first=Daniel|last=Fierman|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20012076,00.html|title=Lecter Loses His Bite|access-date=August 9, 2014|date=February 16, 2007|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|archive-date=January 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103205858/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20012076,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Plot summary==
Lecter is eight years old at the beginning of the novel (1944), living in Lecter Castle in [[Lithuania]], when [[Operation Barbarossa]], [[Hitler]]'s invasion of the [[Soviet Union]], turns the [[Baltic region]] into a part of the bloodiest [[Eastern Front (World War II)|front line]] of [[World War II]]. Lecter, his sister [[Mischa Lecter|Mischa]] and his parents escape to the family's hunting lodge in the woods to elude the advancing German troops. After three years, the Nazis are finally driven out of the countries now occupied by the Soviet Union. During their retreat, however, they destroy a [[Soviet Army|Soviet]] tank that had stopped at the Lecter family's lodge looking for water. The explosion kills everyone but Lecter and Mischa. They survive in the cottage until six former Lithuanian militiamen, led by a Nazi collaborator named [[Vladis Grutas]], storm and loot it. Finding no other food, they kill and [[cannibalism|cannibalize]] Mischa, while Lecter watches helplessly. He blacks out and is later found wandering and [[Muteness|mute]] by a [[Soviet]] tank crew that takes him back to Lecter Castle, which is now a Soviet orphanage. Lecter is irreparably [[psychological trauma|traumatized]] by the ordeal, and develops a savage obsession with avenging his sister's death.


== Plot==
Lecter is removed from the orphanage by his uncle, a noted painter, and he goes to live with him in [[France]]. The happiness of their lives together is cut short with his uncle's sudden death. Most of the estate is taken for [[death duties]].
Opening in [[Lithuania]] during 1941, Hannibal Lecter is eight years old and living in a castle with his parents and sister, Mischa. With the castle located near the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|eastern front]] of [[World War II]], the Lecter family escapes to their lodge to elude the advancing [[Nazi Germany|German]] troops. With the castle abandoned, it is soon raided by Germans and [[Hiwi (volunteer)|civilians aiding them]], their hidden art collection being among the stolen loot. Three years later, an advancing [[Soviet Army|Soviet]] tank stops at the Lecter family's lodge looking for water, only to be bombed by a German [[Junkers Ju 87|Stuka]], the explosion killing all but the children. Surviving in the lodge, Hannibal and Mischa are captured when six deserters appear: Vladis Grutas, Zigmas Milko, Bronys Grentz, Enrikas Dortlich, Petras Kolnas and Kazys Porvik. Storming and looting the lodge, they lock the Lecters in the barn. Running low on supplies, the soldiers soon take Mischa; realizing they intend to [[Human cannibalism|cannibalize]] her, Hannibal tries to stop them, only to have his arm broken before he blacks out.


Hannibal is later spotted by a [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] tank crew, wearing shackles and rendered [[muteness|mute]]. Returned to Lecter Castle, now a Soviet orphanage, Hannibal is found to be irreparably [[psychological trauma|traumatized]] by the ordeal. Removed from the orphanage by his uncle Robert Lecter, Hannibal goes to live with him in [[France]] with his aunt, Lady Murasaki. Visiting a marketplace with his aunt, Lecter assaults butcher Paul Momund when he insults Murasaki. Count Lecter, learning of the slight against his wife, violently confronts the butcher and collapses and subsequently dies from a heart attack. Losing most of the Count's estate to [[death duties]], Lecter and Murasaki move across France, and Lecter flourishes as a medical student, assisting by preparing cadavers for lessons.
Lecter goes to live in reduced circumstances with his [[Japanese people|Japanese]] aunt, [[Lady Murasaki (Hannibal)|Lady Murasaki]] (cf. [[Murasaki Shikibu|Lady Murasaki]]), and they develop a special, [[quasi-romantic]] relationship. While in France, Lecter flourishes as a medical student. He commits his first murder as a teenager, killing a local butcher who insulted Murasaki. He is suspected of the butcher's murder by Inspector Popil, a [[French people|French]] detective who also lost his family during the war. Thanks in part to Murasaki's intervention, however, Lecter escapes responsibility for the crime.


Locating Momund the butcher, Lecter murders him for his actions, eviscerating and beheading him before eating his cheeks. Suspected by Inspector Popil, Lecter escapes suspicion when Murasaki falsifies evidence, suggesting Momund's death was political. Using [[sodium thiopental]] to recall the lodge, Lecter remembers Mischa's murder and her killer's faces, and that the lodge was shelled; the building burning and soldiers fleeing, Lecter was freed by Porvik, who was then crushed by falling debris. Working with Popil to recover his family's stolen art, Lecter attends a recovered art exhibition with Murasaki, and speaks with one of Grutas' men selling the art. Afraid he will uncover their identities, Grutas sends Dortlich to murder him.
Lecter divides his time between medical school in France and hunting those who killed and cannibalized his sister. One by one, he crosses paths with Grutas' men, killing them all in the most inventively gruesome ways possible. Eventually, Popil arrests Lecter, but Lecter is freed when popular support for his dispatch of [[war crimes|war criminals]] combines with a lack of hard evidence. The novel ends with Lecter going to America to begin his residency at [[Johns Hopkins Hospital]] in [[Baltimore, Maryland]].


Returning to the dilapidated lodge, Lecter searches the ruins and finds a bag of buried loot, which also contains the hidden dogtags of his captors. Attacked by Dortlich, Lecter strikes him with his shovel, and ties him to a tree stump. Noosed to a horse, Dortlich confirms Grentz relocated to Canada, and that Kolnas owns a restaurant in [[Fontainebleau]]; despite his pleas, Lecter uses the horse to tear off Dortlich's head. Returning to France, Lecter is kissed by Murasaki, who insists that he promise to stop killing and to co-operate with Popil; Lecter responds that he already promised revenge for Mischa, and leaves. Lecter continues his studies only to be stalked during his night-shift by Milko. Outwitting Milko and drugging him, Lecter interrogates him for information on Grutas, before drowning him in an embalming tank and incinerating his remains.
==Characters in ''Hannibal Rising''==
*[[Hannibal Lecter]]
*[[Lady Murasaki (Hannibal)|Lady Murasaki]]
*Inspector Popil
*[[Vladis Grutas]] - has large letter 'M's carved in his chest and body; is reduced to ash when Lecter rigs his yacht to explode.
*Zigmas Milko - drowned in [[Formalin]] solution in a cadaver tank
*Enrikas Dortlich - his head is ripped off after Lecter ties his neck to a horse; his cheeks are then cut off. Hannibal later confess that he has eaten them.
*Petras Kolnas - is stabbed through the head with a tanto dagger
*Bronys Grentz - is beheaded by Lecter who then mails the head to a [[Taxidermist]]
*Kazys Porvik aka Pot Watcher - killed by a bomb, before Lecter begins his mission
*[[Paul Momund]] - Hannibal's first victim
*Robert Lecter
*[[Mischa Lecter]]


Eating at Kolnas's restaurant, Lecter notices his daughter is wearing Mischa's stolen bracelet. Entering Grutas's property, Hannibal sets an improvised bomb and confronts him as he bathes, only to be interrupted by Grutas's guards. As Lecter is about to be killed, his bomb detonates and cuts the power, allowing him to wound the guards and escape in the chaos. Returning to Murasaki's home, Lecter receives a call from Grutas, who threatens to kill her unless he surrenders; overhearing [[Ortolan bunting|ortolans]] singing in the background of the phone call, Lecter breaks into Kolnas's home, and then heads to his restaurant. Lecter shows he took Mischa's bracelet from his daughter and, in exchange for information, offers to spare Kolnas and free his family. Giving up the location of Grutas's houseboat, Kolnas then realizes Lecter was lying about holding his family. Attacked by Kolnas, Lecter fatally stabs him through the head with a [[tantō]].
==Development==
The February 22, 2007 issue of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' features a quote that suggests that the only reason Thomas Harris wrote the story was out of the fear that a Lecter prequel/origin story would inevitably be written without his involvement. ''Hannibal Rising'' film producer [[Dino De Laurentiis]] said "I say to Thomas, 'If you don't do [the prequel], I will do it with someone else...I don't want to lose this [[media franchise|franchise]]. And the audience wants it...' He said, 'No. I'm sorry.' And I said, 'I ''will'' do it with somebody else.' And then he said, 'Let me think about it. I will come up with an idea.'"<ref>"I have no idea what Tom's next book will be. It may not involve the Hannibal character at all. His deal does not require that. He is an important American novelist and writes what he chooses, when he chooses."</ref>


Finding and reaching the boat, Lecter sneaks aboard but is wounded by the captain. Killing the guards and captain, Lecter rushes to save Murasaki, only to be shot in the back by Grutas, who boasts while molesting a bound Murasaki. Lecter removes his tantō, dimpled by Grutas's bullet, and uses it to cut both of Grutas's Achilles tendons. With Grutas disarmed, Murasaki begs Lecter to spare him for Popil, only for Grutas to mock him. Taunting that Lecter drank broth made from Mischa, he suggests Lecter kills only to continue lying to himself; enraged, Lecter carves several "M"s into Grutas, fatally wounding him. Horrified by Lecter, Murasaki declares there is nothing human left inside him to love, and dives overboard. Detonating the houseboat with an improvised explosive, Lecter flees the scene.
==Connections and contradictions==
*Hannibal Lecter's documented and actual birthdate and his age when his sister died are not consistent. The novel ''[[Hannibal (novel)|Hannibal]]'' firmly states in a flashback that he was six years old when his sister died; in ''Hannibal Rising'', his age is changed to eight for unknown reasons. The novel attributes this to Lecter falsifying documents to confuse authorities, though the passages in ''Hannibal'' setting these events at age six appear in Lecter's own thoughts.
*No mention is made of Lecter's bizarre condition on his left hand called mid-ray duplication [[dactyly]], or a fully functional sixth finger (duplicated middle finger).
*In ''Hannibal'', Lecter dreams seeing Mischa's baby teeth in a reeking stool pit after the deserters' men kill her. In ''Rising'', he has similar visions, but when he later visits Mischa's remains before giving her a dignified burial, he notes that all her teeth are intact.


Arrested by Popil, Lecter is soon freed when popular support for his dispatch of [[war crimes|war criminals]] combines with a lack of hard evidence. Lecter meets with Murasaki, and they say their goodbyes and part. Offered a residency at [[Johns Hopkins Hospital]] in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], Lecter heads overseas to North America, stopping briefly to visit bar-owner Grentz in [[Quebec]], Canada.
==References==

== Development ==
The February 22, 2007 issue of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' features a quote that suggests that the only reason Thomas Harris wrote the story was out of the fear that a Lecter prequel/origin story would inevitably be written without his involvement. ''Hannibal Rising'' film producer [[Dino De Laurentiis]] said "I say to Thomas, 'If you don't do [the prequel], I will do it with someone else... I don't want to lose this [[media franchise|franchise]]. And the audience wants it...' He said, 'No. I'm sorry.' And I said, 'I ''will'' do it with somebody else.' And then he said, 'Let me think about it. I will come up with an idea.'"<ref name="Entertainment Weekly"/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
== External links ==
{{wikiquote}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://imdb.com/title/tt0367959/ ''Hannibal Rising''] at [[IMDb]]
* [http://imdb.com/title/tt0367959 ''Hannibal Rising''] at [[IMDb]]
* [http://www.metacritic.com/movie/hannibal-rising''Hannibal Rising'' Movie Reviews] at [[Metacritic]]
* [http://www.ddlc.net The Official Dino De Laurentiis Company website]
* [http://www.thomasharris.com The Official Thomas Harris website]
* [http://www.myspace.com/hannibalrisingbook Official ''Hannibal Rising'' MySpace site]
* [http://www.hannibalrising.co.uk The Official Hannibal Rising website]
* [http://www.metacritic.com/books/authors/harristhomas/hannibalrising ''Hannibal Rising'' Reviews] at [[Metacritic]]
* [http://www.myspace.com/hannibalrisingbook The Official Hannibal Rising MySpace site]
* [http://hannibalstudiolo.com The Hannibal Lecter Studiolo]
* [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16097206/site/newsweek/ The Ravenous Doctor Is In. Again]
* [http://www.randomhouse.co.uk/catalog/extract.htm?command=search&db=main.txt&eqisbndata=0434014087 Extract from the book]


{{Hannibal}}
{{Hannibal}}


[[Category:Hannibal Lecter novels]]

[[Category:Hannibal Lecter]]
[[Category:Delacorte Press books]]
[[Category:2006 novels]]
[[Category:2006 American novels]]
[[Category:Fiction set in 1941]]
[[Category:American thriller novels]]
[[Category:American thriller novels]]
[[Category:Johns Hopkins Hospital in fiction]]
[[Category:Johns Hopkins Hospital in fiction]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:American novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:Prequel novels]]
[[Category:Prequel novels]]
[[Category:Novels about orphans]]

[[Category:Novels about serial killers]]
[[de:Hannibal Rising]]
[[es:Hannibal: El origen del mal]]
[[Category:Novels set in the 1940s]]
[[Category:Novels set in France]]
[[fr:Hannibal Lecter : Les origines du mal]]
[[Category:Novels set in Lithuania]]
[[it:Hannibal Lecter - Le origini del male (romanzo)]]
[[Category:Novels set in the Stalin era]]
[[nl:Hannibal Rising (boek)]]
[[Category:Novels set during World War II]]
[[ja:ハンニバル・ライジング]]
[[Category:Novels about Nazi hunters]]
[[no:Hannibal Rising]]
[[Category:Novels about Nazi fugitives]]
[[pl:Hannibal. Po drugiej stronie maski]]
[[fi:Nuori Hannibal]]

Latest revision as of 19:48, 19 November 2024

Hannibal Rising
First edition cover
AuthorThomas Harris
LanguageEnglish
SeriesHannibal Lecter
GenreThriller, horror, psychological thriller
PublisherDelacorte Press
Publication date
5 December 2006
Publication placeUnited States
Media typePrint (Hardback)
Pages323
ISBN0-385-33941-0
OCLC82287375
Followed byRed Dragon 

Hannibal Rising is a psychological horror novel by American author Thomas Harris, published in 2006. It is the fourth and final novel in Harris's series and the first novel in chronological order of the novels of Thomas Harris centered around Dr. Hannibal Lecter, serving as a prequel to his three previous books featuring his most famous character, the cannibalistic serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter. The novel was released with an initial printing of at least 1.5 million copies[1] and met with a mixed critical response. Audiobook versions have also been released, with Harris reading the text. The novel was adapted (by Harris himself) into a film of the same name in 2007, directed by Peter Webber. Producer Dino De Laurentiis implied around the time of the novel's release that he had coerced Harris into writing it under threat of losing control over the Hannibal Lecter character, accounting for the perceived diminished quality from Harris' previous books.[2]

Plot

[edit]

Opening in Lithuania during 1941, Hannibal Lecter is eight years old and living in a castle with his parents and sister, Mischa. With the castle located near the eastern front of World War II, the Lecter family escapes to their lodge to elude the advancing German troops. With the castle abandoned, it is soon raided by Germans and civilians aiding them, their hidden art collection being among the stolen loot. Three years later, an advancing Soviet tank stops at the Lecter family's lodge looking for water, only to be bombed by a German Stuka, the explosion killing all but the children. Surviving in the lodge, Hannibal and Mischa are captured when six deserters appear: Vladis Grutas, Zigmas Milko, Bronys Grentz, Enrikas Dortlich, Petras Kolnas and Kazys Porvik. Storming and looting the lodge, they lock the Lecters in the barn. Running low on supplies, the soldiers soon take Mischa; realizing they intend to cannibalize her, Hannibal tries to stop them, only to have his arm broken before he blacks out.

Hannibal is later spotted by a Soviet tank crew, wearing shackles and rendered mute. Returned to Lecter Castle, now a Soviet orphanage, Hannibal is found to be irreparably traumatized by the ordeal. Removed from the orphanage by his uncle Robert Lecter, Hannibal goes to live with him in France with his aunt, Lady Murasaki. Visiting a marketplace with his aunt, Lecter assaults butcher Paul Momund when he insults Murasaki. Count Lecter, learning of the slight against his wife, violently confronts the butcher and collapses and subsequently dies from a heart attack. Losing most of the Count's estate to death duties, Lecter and Murasaki move across France, and Lecter flourishes as a medical student, assisting by preparing cadavers for lessons.

Locating Momund the butcher, Lecter murders him for his actions, eviscerating and beheading him before eating his cheeks. Suspected by Inspector Popil, Lecter escapes suspicion when Murasaki falsifies evidence, suggesting Momund's death was political. Using sodium thiopental to recall the lodge, Lecter remembers Mischa's murder and her killer's faces, and that the lodge was shelled; the building burning and soldiers fleeing, Lecter was freed by Porvik, who was then crushed by falling debris. Working with Popil to recover his family's stolen art, Lecter attends a recovered art exhibition with Murasaki, and speaks with one of Grutas' men selling the art. Afraid he will uncover their identities, Grutas sends Dortlich to murder him.

Returning to the dilapidated lodge, Lecter searches the ruins and finds a bag of buried loot, which also contains the hidden dogtags of his captors. Attacked by Dortlich, Lecter strikes him with his shovel, and ties him to a tree stump. Noosed to a horse, Dortlich confirms Grentz relocated to Canada, and that Kolnas owns a restaurant in Fontainebleau; despite his pleas, Lecter uses the horse to tear off Dortlich's head. Returning to France, Lecter is kissed by Murasaki, who insists that he promise to stop killing and to co-operate with Popil; Lecter responds that he already promised revenge for Mischa, and leaves. Lecter continues his studies only to be stalked during his night-shift by Milko. Outwitting Milko and drugging him, Lecter interrogates him for information on Grutas, before drowning him in an embalming tank and incinerating his remains.

Eating at Kolnas's restaurant, Lecter notices his daughter is wearing Mischa's stolen bracelet. Entering Grutas's property, Hannibal sets an improvised bomb and confronts him as he bathes, only to be interrupted by Grutas's guards. As Lecter is about to be killed, his bomb detonates and cuts the power, allowing him to wound the guards and escape in the chaos. Returning to Murasaki's home, Lecter receives a call from Grutas, who threatens to kill her unless he surrenders; overhearing ortolans singing in the background of the phone call, Lecter breaks into Kolnas's home, and then heads to his restaurant. Lecter shows he took Mischa's bracelet from his daughter and, in exchange for information, offers to spare Kolnas and free his family. Giving up the location of Grutas's houseboat, Kolnas then realizes Lecter was lying about holding his family. Attacked by Kolnas, Lecter fatally stabs him through the head with a tantō.

Finding and reaching the boat, Lecter sneaks aboard but is wounded by the captain. Killing the guards and captain, Lecter rushes to save Murasaki, only to be shot in the back by Grutas, who boasts while molesting a bound Murasaki. Lecter removes his tantō, dimpled by Grutas's bullet, and uses it to cut both of Grutas's Achilles tendons. With Grutas disarmed, Murasaki begs Lecter to spare him for Popil, only for Grutas to mock him. Taunting that Lecter drank broth made from Mischa, he suggests Lecter kills only to continue lying to himself; enraged, Lecter carves several "M"s into Grutas, fatally wounding him. Horrified by Lecter, Murasaki declares there is nothing human left inside him to love, and dives overboard. Detonating the houseboat with an improvised explosive, Lecter flees the scene.

Arrested by Popil, Lecter is soon freed when popular support for his dispatch of war criminals combines with a lack of hard evidence. Lecter meets with Murasaki, and they say their goodbyes and part. Offered a residency at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, Lecter heads overseas to North America, stopping briefly to visit bar-owner Grentz in Quebec, Canada.

Development

[edit]

The February 22, 2007 issue of Entertainment Weekly features a quote that suggests that the only reason Thomas Harris wrote the story was out of the fear that a Lecter prequel/origin story would inevitably be written without his involvement. Hannibal Rising film producer Dino De Laurentiis said "I say to Thomas, 'If you don't do [the prequel], I will do it with someone else... I don't want to lose this franchise. And the audience wants it...' He said, 'No. I'm sorry.' And I said, 'I will do it with somebody else.' And then he said, 'Let me think about it. I will come up with an idea.'"[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "New Hannibal Lecter novel due in December". CNN. Associated Press. September 19, 2006. Archived from the original on September 20, 2006. Retrieved September 19, 2006.
  2. ^ a b Fierman, Daniel (February 16, 2007). "Lecter Loses His Bite". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
[edit]