Black-headed ibis: Difference between revisions

Black-headed ibis
	Wild individual photographed at Tirunelveli, India
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Pelecaniformes
Family:	Threskiornithidae
Genus:	Threskiornis
Species:	T. melanocephalus
Binomial name
	Threskiornis melanocephalus; (Latham, 1790)
Synonyms
	Tantalus melanocephalus Latham, 1790

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The black-headed ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus), also known as the Oriental white ibis, Indian white ibis, and black-necked ibis, is a species of wading bird of the ibis family Threskiornithidae which breeds in the South and Southeast Asia from India to the west and as far east as Japan.^[2]^[3] It is the only native ibis species in its range that has an overall white plumage with a black neck and head. The down-curved beak and legs are also black. Though often referred to as a wetland species, the black-headed ibis forages in a range of natural and man-made habitats.^[4] This species of ibis nests only during the rainy season.

Description

The black-headed ibis is one of several large waterbird species in south and south-east Asia, with adults measuring 65–76 cm in length.^[5] The white plumage is starkly contrasted against a conspicuous naked black neck and head, and black down-curved beak. Tails of adults bear light grey ornamental feathers that turn jet black during the breeding season. During the breeding season, bare patches under the wing turn blood-red. The head of some breeding adults gain a blueish tinge, or very rarely have a pink or bright red patch behind the neck.^[6]^[7] Some breeding adults also develop tufts of white feathers behind the neck, and rarely also get a yellowish colouration on the breast and back. Sexes are identical but juveniles are identifiable from adults in having greyish feathering on the neck and speckled brown-grey feathering on the wings and back. Like storks and spoonbills, it lacks a true voice-producing mechanism and is silent except for ventriloquistic grunts uttered by pairs at the nest.^[5]

Distribution and habitat

Black-headed ibis are native to the following countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Russian Federation, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. They are migratory or vagrant in Japan, Republic of Korea, Lao People's Democratic Republic and Mongolia.^[2] The species is a widespread breeding bird in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Myanmar, and has declined considerably to few locations or breeding colonies in Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. The most rapid decline in recent times is suspected to be the population in Sumatra.^[8]

The black-headed ibis is very versatile being able to use a large variety of natural and man-made habitats. These include freshwater and salt-water marshes, lakes and ponds, as also rice fields, freshly ploughed crop fields, irrigation canals, riversides, reservoirs, urban lakes, open sewage gutters, grazing lots, and garbage dumping sites.^[6]^[9]^[10]^[4] Ibis alter use of varied preferred foraging habitats by season in agricultural landscapes such as in south-western Uttar Pradesh in India. In summer, they largely use and prefer natural marshes and fallow fields, but in the monsoon, spread out more evenly to also use a variety of agricultural fields.^[4] In landscapes that have more forests and rocky hills as in southern Rajasthan, wetlands are the preferred habitats year-round and there is little difference in habitats used in different seasons.^[9]^[11] In more urban landscapes, black-headed Ibis abundance was positively associated with crop fields, wetlands and open areas.^[12] Open sewage lines are used more during the dry summers, and ibis increase the use of grazing lands during the monsoon.

It nests in heronry colonies near wetlands. It builds a platform nest of sticks, lined with grass and threads.^[10] Old trees in cities are used for night roosting and for nesting.^[13]^[14]

The daily activity budget of Black-headed Ibis in a protected wetland showed ibises to spend the maximum time feeding (48%), followed by resting (23%).^[15]

References

^ "Black-Headed Ibis". IUCN Red List. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
^ ^a ^b BirdLife International (2016). "Threskiornis melanocephalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22697516A93618317. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22697516A93618317.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ Itoh, Shingi (1986). "Records of the Oriental Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus in Japan". Japanese Journal of Ornithology. 34 (4): 127–143. doi:10.3838/jjo1915.34.127.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sundar, K.S. Gopi (2006). "Flock size, density and habitat selection of four large waterbird species in an agricultural landscape in Uttar Pradesh, India: implications for management". Waterbirds. 29 (3): 365–374. doi:10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[365:FSDAHS]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 4132592.
^ ^a ^b del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. (1992). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 472–506.
^ ^a ^b Hancock, J.A.; Kushlan, J.A.; Kahl, M.P. (1992). Storks, Ibises and Spoonbills of the World. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
^ Kannan, V.; Manakadan, R.; Sykes, B. R. (2010). "Red patch on the hindneck of Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus in breeding colonies in India". BirdingASIA. 14: 99–100.
^ Moses, S.; Zöckler, C. (2015) Bird survey Report Ayeyarwaddy Delta November – December 2015. Unpubl. Report for Fauna and Flora International. Fauna and Flora International.
^ ^a ^b Koli, V.K.; Yaseen, M.; Bhatnagar, C. (2013). "Population status of Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala and Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus in southern Rajasthan, India". Indian Birds. 8: 39–41.
^ ^a ^b Chaudhury, S.; Koli, V.K. (2018). "Population status, habitat preference, and nesting characteristics of Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus Latham, 1790 in southern Rajasthan, India". Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity. 11 (2): 223–228. doi:10.1016/j.japb.2018.01.013.
^ Chaudhury, Sunil; Koli, Vijay Kumar (2018). "Population status, habitat preference, and nesting characteristics of black-headed ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus Latham, 1790 in southern Rajasthan, India". Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity. 11 (2): 223–228. doi:10.1016/j.japb.2018.01.013. ISSN 2287-884X.
^ Barik, Souvik; Saha, Goutam Kumar; Mazumdar, Subhendu (2022). "How the Habitat Features Influence Black-Headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in a Suburban Area? A Study from Mid-West Bengal, India". Proceedings of the Zoological Society. 75 (1): 39–47. doi:10.1007/s12595-021-00385-3. ISSN 0974-6919.
^ Koli, Vijay K; Chaudhary, Sunil; Sundar, K. S. Gopi (2019). "Roosting ecology of Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephala) in urban and rural areas of southern Rajasthan, India". Waterbirds. 42: 51–60.
^ Mehta, Kanishka; Koli, Vijay K; Kittur, Swati; Sundar, K. S. Gopi (2024). "Can you nest where you roost? Waterbirds use different sites but similar cues to locate roosting and breeding sites in a small Indian city". Urban Ecosystems. 27.
^ Soni, Anjali; Rana, Sarita (2023). "Behavioural aspects and Activity budgeting of Black Headed Ibis, Threskiornis melanocephalus and Red Naped Ibis, Pseudibis papillosa in Dighal (Potential IBA site), Jhajjar, Haryana, India". Asian Journal of Conservation Biology. 12 (1): 143–150.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Species of bird}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
-| name = Black-headed Ibis
+{{Speciesbox
-| status = NT | status_system = IUCN3.1
-| image = Black headed ibis.jpg
+| name = Black-headed ibis
-| image_caption = Black Headed Ibis, Thol, Gujarat, India
+| image = Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus).jpg
+| image_caption = Wild individual photographed at [[Tirunelveli]], [[India]]
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| status = LC
-| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
+| status_system = IUCN3.1
-| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
+| status_ref =  <ref>{{cite web |title=Black-Headed Ibis|url= https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22697516/252063963 |website=IUCN Red List |access-date=14 November 2024 |date=3 June 2024}}</ref>
-| ordo = [[Pelecaniformes]]
+| taxon = Threskiornis melanocephalus
-| familia = [[Threskiornithidae]]
+| authority = ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1790)
-| genus = ''[[Threskiornis]]''
-| species = '''''T. melanocephalus'''''
+| synonyms = ''Tantalus melanocephalus'' <small>Latham, 1790</small>
-| binomial = ''Threskiornis melanocephalus''
-| binomial_authority = ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1790)
 }}
-[[File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus)- juvenile asking for food from adult W IMG_3343.jpg|thumb|250px|left|juvenile asking for food from adult in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. ]]
-The '''Black-headed Ibis''' (''Threskiornis melanocephalus'') is a species of wading [[bird]] of the [[ibis]] family Threskiornithidae which breeds in [[South Asia]] and [[Southeast Asia]] from [[Pakistan]] to [[India]], [[Sri Lanka]] east up to [[Japan]]. It builds a stick nest in a tree and lays 2–4 [[egg (biology)|eggs]].
+The '''black-headed ibis''' ('''''Threskiornis melanocephalus'''''), also known as the '''Oriental white ibis''', '''Indian white ibis''', and '''black-necked ibis''', is a species of wading [[bird]] of the [[ibis]] family Threskiornithidae which breeds in the [[South Asia|South]] and [[Southeast Asia]] from [[India]] to the west and as far east as [[Japan]].<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Threskiornis melanocephalus'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22697516A93618317 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22697516A93618317.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Itoh |first=Shingi |date=1986 |title=Records of the Oriental Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus in Japan |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjo1915/34/4/34_4_127/_article |journal=Japanese Journal of Ornithology |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=127–143 |doi=10.3838/jjo1915.34.127}}</ref> It is the only native ibis species in its range that has an overall white plumage with a black neck and head. The down-curved beak and legs are also black. Though often referred to as a wetland species, the black-headed ibis forages in a range of natural and man-made habitats.<ref name=":4" /> This species of ibis nests only during the rainy season.
-It occurs in marshy wetlands inland and on the coast, where it feeds on various [[fish]], [[frog]]s and other water creatures, as well as on [[insect]]s.
+== Description ==
-Adults are typically 75 cm long and white-[[plumage]]d, with some greyer areas on the wings. The bald head, the neck and legs are black. The thick curved bill is dusky yellow. Sexes are similar, but juveniles have whiter necks and a black bill.
+The black-headed ibis is one of several large [[Water bird|waterbird]] species in south and south-east Asia, with adults measuring 65–76&nbsp;cm in length.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks|last=del Hoyo|first=J.|last2=Elliott|first2=A.|last3=Sargatal|first3=J.|publisher=Lynx Edicions|year=1992|location=Barcelona|pages=472–506}}</ref> The white plumage is starkly contrasted against a conspicuous naked black neck and head, and black down-curved beak. Tails of adults bear light grey ornamental feathers that turn jet black during the breeding season. During the breeding season, bare patches under the wing turn blood-red. The head of some breeding adults gain a blueish tinge, or very rarely have a pink or bright red patch behind the neck.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=Storks, Ibises and Spoonbills of the World|last=Hancock|first=J.A.|last2=Kushlan|first2=J.A.|last3=Kahl|first3=M.P.|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1992|location=New Jersey}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Kannan, V.|author2=Manakadan, R.|author3=Sykes, B. R.|year=2010|title=Red patch on the hindneck of Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus in breeding colonies in India|journal=BirdingASIA|volume=14|pages=99–100}}</ref> Some breeding adults also develop tufts of white feathers behind the neck, and rarely also get a yellowish colouration on the breast and back. Sexes are identical but juveniles are identifiable from adults in having greyish feathering on the neck and speckled brown-grey feathering on the wings and back. Like storks and spoonbills, it lacks a true voice-producing mechanism and is silent except for ventriloquistic grunts uttered by pairs at the nest.<ref name=":1" />
+== Distribution and habitat ==
+Black-headed ibis are native to the following countries: [[Bangladesh]], [[Cambodia]], [[China]], [[Hong Kong]], [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Myanmar]], [[Nepal]], [[Pakistan]], [[Philippines]], [[Russian Federation]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Thailand]] and [[Vietnam]]. They are migratory or vagrant in [[Japan]], Republic of [[Korea]], [[Lao People's Democratic Republic]] and [[Mongolia]].<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> The species is a widespread breeding bird in India, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Myanmar, and has declined considerably to few locations or breeding colonies in Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. The most rapid decline in recent times is suspected to be the population in [[Sumatra]].<ref>Moses, S.; Zöckler, C. (2015) Bird survey Report Ayeyarwaddy Delta November – December 2015. Unpubl. Report for Fauna and Flora International. Fauna and Flora International.</ref>
+The black-headed ibis is very versatile being able to use a large variety of natural and man-made habitats. These include freshwater and salt-water marshes, lakes and ponds, as also rice fields, freshly ploughed crop fields, irrigation canals, riversides, reservoirs, urban lakes, open sewage gutters, grazing lots, and garbage dumping sites.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Koli |first=V.K. |last2=Yaseen |first2=M. |last3=Bhatnagar |first3=C.|year=2013|title=Population status of Painted Stork ''Mycteria leucocephala'' and Black-headed Ibis ''Threskiornis melanocephalus'' in southern Rajasthan, India|journal=Indian Birds |volume=8 |pages=39–41}}</ref><ref name=population>{{Cite journal|last=Chaudhury|first=S.|last2=Koli|first2=V.K. |year=2018 |title=Population status, habitat preference, and nesting characteristics of Black-headed Ibis ''Threskiornis melanocephalus'' Latham, 1790 in southern Rajasthan, India |journal=Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity|volume=11|issue=2|pages=223–228 |doi=10.1016/j.japb.2018.01.013|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Sundar|first=K.S. Gopi|year=2006|title=Flock size, density and habitat selection of four large waterbird species in an agricultural landscape in Uttar Pradesh, India: implications for management |jstor=4132592 |journal=Waterbirds |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=365–374|doi=10.1675/1524-4695(2006)29[365:FSDAHS]2.0.CO;2}}</ref> Ibis alter use of varied preferred foraging habitats by season in agricultural landscapes such as in south-western [[Uttar Pradesh]] in India. In summer, they largely use and prefer natural marshes and fallow fields, but in the monsoon, spread out more evenly to also use a variety of agricultural fields.<ref name=":4" /> In landscapes that have more forests and rocky hills as in southern Rajasthan, wetlands are the preferred habitats year-round and there is little difference in habitats used in different seasons.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chaudhury |first=Sunil |last2=Koli |first2=Vijay Kumar |date=2018 |title=Population status, habitat preference, and nesting characteristics of black-headed ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus Latham, 1790 in southern Rajasthan, India |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2287884X18300566 |journal=Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=223–228 |doi=10.1016/j.japb.2018.01.013 |issn=2287-884X |doi-access=free}}</ref> In more urban landscapes, black-headed Ibis abundance was positively associated with crop fields, wetlands and open areas.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barik |first=Souvik |last2=Saha |first2=Goutam Kumar |last3=Mazumdar |first3=Subhendu |date=2022 |title=How the Habitat Features Influence Black-Headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in a Suburban Area? A Study from Mid-West Bengal, India |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-021-00385-3 |journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society |language=en |volume=75 |issue=1 |pages=39–47 |doi=10.1007/s12595-021-00385-3 |issn=0974-6919}}</ref> Open sewage lines are used more during the dry summers, and ibis increase the use of grazing lands during the monsoon.
+It nests in heronry colonies near wetlands. It builds a platform nest of sticks, lined with grass and threads.<ref name = population/> Old trees in cities are used for night roosting and for nesting.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Koli |first=Vijay K |last2=Chaudhary |first2=Sunil |last3=Sundar |first3=K. S. Gopi |date=2019 |title=Roosting ecology of Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephala) in urban and rural areas of southern Rajasthan, India. |url=https://doi.org/10.1675/063.042.0106 |journal=Waterbirds |volume=42 |pages=51–60}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mehta |first=Kanishka |last2=Koli |first2=Vijay K |last3=Kittur |first3=Swati |last4=Sundar |first4=K. S. Gopi |date=2024 |title=Can you nest where you roost? Waterbirds use different sites but similar cues to locate roosting and breeding sites in a small Indian city |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-023-01454-5 |journal=Urban Ecosystems |volume=27}}</ref>
+The daily activity budget of Black-headed Ibis in a protected wetland showed ibises to spend the maximum time feeding (48%), followed by resting (23%).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Soni |first=Anjali |last2=Rana |first2=Sarita |date=2023 |title=Behavioural aspects and Activity budgeting of Black Headed Ibis, Threskiornis melanocephalus and Red Naped Ibis, Pseudibis papillosa  in Dighal (Potential IBA site), Jhajjar, Haryana, India |url=https://doi.org/10.53562/ajcb.76744 |journal=Asian Journal of Conservation Biology |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=143-150}}</ref>
 == References ==
+{{Commons and category|Threskiornis melanocephalus|Threskiornis melanocephalus}}
-* {{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2006|id=21835|title=Threskiornis melanocephalus|downloaded=11 May 2006}} Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is near threatened
+{{Reflist}}
-* Grimmett, Inskipp and Inskipp; ''Birds of India''. ISBN 0-691-04910-6
-this is common bird in Indian subcontinent
-== Gallery ==
+== Further reading ==
+* Grimmett, Inskipp and Inskipp; ''Birds of India''. {{ISBN|0-691-04910-6}}
-<gallery>
-Image:Panamaram_Heronry.jpg|at [[Panamaram]] Heronry, [[Wayanad]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
-Image:Black headed Ibis I2 IMG 8354.jpg|at [[Bharatpur, India|Bharatpur]], [[Rajasthan]], [[India]].
-Image:Birds in a nest in Karnataka.jpg|in a nest in  [[Karnataka]], [[India]].
-Image:Black headed Ibis I IMG 8521.jpg|at [[Bharatpur, India|Bharatpur]], [[Rajasthan]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus)- juvenile troubling adult possibly for food W IMG 2763.jpg|juvenile troubling adult possibly for food in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus)- juvenile extracting food from adult W IMG 3347.jpg|juvenile extracting food from adult in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus)- juvenile extracting food from adult W IMG 2667.jpg|juvenile extracting food from adult in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in Uppalpadu, AP W IMG 3327.jpg|in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in Uppalpadu, AP W IMG 2908.jpg|in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in Uppalpadu, AP W IMG 2901.jpg|in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in Uppalpadu, AP W IMG 2667.jpg|in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) collecting nesting material W IMG 3496.jpg|collecting nesting material in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) at nest P W IMG 2883.jpg|at nest in [[Uppalapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in AP W IMG 4216.jpg|in [[Kolleru Lake]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) in AP W IMG 4152.jpg|in [[Kolleru Lake]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) with juveniles at Garapadu, AP W IMG 5228.jpg|with juveniles at [[Garapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) with eggs at Garapadu, AP W2 IMG 5208.jpg|with eggs at [[Garapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) nesting at Garapadu, AP W IMG 5208.jpg|nesting at [[Garapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) nesting at Garapadu, AP W IMG 5193.jpg|nesting at [[Garapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) landing at Garapadu, AP W IMG 5340.jpg|landing at [[Garapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-File:Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) landing at Garapadu, AP W IMG 5339.jpg|landing at [[Garapadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]].
-</gallery>
-{{Commons}}
-{{Ciconiiformes-stub}}
+{{Threskiornithidae}}
-[[Category:Threskiornis]]
-[[Category:Birds of Asia]]
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q373114}}
+[[Category:Threskiornis|black-headed ibis]]
+[[Category:Ibises]]
 [[Category:Birds of India]]
-[[Category:Birds of Pakistan]]
-[[Category:Birds of Nepal]]
 [[Category:Birds of Sri Lanka]]
-[[Category:Birds of Russia]]
-[[Category:Birds of Japan]]
-[[Category:Birds of China]]
-[[Category:Birds of Mongolia]]
 [[Category:Birds of Southeast Asia]]
-[[Category:Birds of Bangladesh]]
+[[Category:Birds described in 1790|black-headed ibis]]
-[[Category:Birds of Burma]]
+[[Category:Birds of Myanmar]]
-[[Category:Birds of Vietnam]]
-[[Category:Birds of Cambodia]]
-[[Category:Birds of Thailand]]
-[[Category:Birds of Malaysia]]
-[[Category:Birds of Brunei]]
-[[Category:Birds of Indonesia]]
-[[Category:Birds of the Philippines]]
-[[ar:أبو منجل أسود الرأس]]
-[[br:Ibiz penn du]]
-[[de:Schwarzkopfibis]]
-[[es:Threskiornis melanocephalus]]
-[[eo:Nigrakapa ibiso]]
-[[fr:Ibis à tête noire]]
-[[hu:Feketefejű íbisz]]
-[[mr:पांढरा अवाक]]
-[[ms:Burung Sekendi Kepala Hitam]]
-[[ja:クロトキ]]
-[[pnb:کالے سر آلا آئیبس]]
-[[ru:Черноголовый ибис]]
-[[sah:Индия иибиһэ]]
-[[tr:Kara başlı aynak]]