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{{Short description|Canadian subway car}}
{{Infobox Train
{{Infobox Train
| background =
| background =
| name = M-series
| name = M series
| image = TTC M1 Subway Car at Davisville Stn.jpg
| image = TTC M-1 Subway Car at Greenwood Yard.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| imagesize = 250px
| caption = An M-series train at the [[Greenwood Subway Yard]]
| caption = An M-series train at the [[Greenwood Subway Yard]]
| interiorimage =
| interiorimage =
| interiorcaption =
| interiorcaption =
| service =
| service = 1962–1999
| manufacturer = [[Montreal Locomotive Works]]
| manufacturer = [[Montreal Locomotive Works]]
| family =
| family =
| factory = [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]
| numberbuilt =
⚫
| numberservice =
| refurbishment =
| refurbishment =
| replaced =
| replaced =
| formation =
| successor =
[[T series (Toronto subway)|T-1]]
| formation = 2 car mated pairs (operated as 3 pair (6 car) trains)
| fleetnumbers = 5300–5335
| fleetnumbers = 5300–5335
| operator = [[Toronto Transit Commission]]
| operator = [[Toronto Transit Commission]]
| depots =
| depots =
| lines = {{plainlist|
| lines = [[Yonge–University–Spadina|Yonge–University–Spadina Line]] <br> [[Bloor–Danforth|Bloor–Danforth Line]]
* {{rail-interchange|toronto|1}} [[Line 1 Yonge–University|Yonge–University]]
⚫
| yearconstruction = 1961–1962 <ref name = HCRR>{{cite web|url=http://www.hcry.org/collection_1961_5300.html|title=Halton County Radial Railway: Collection Roster|year=2010|publisher=Halton County Radial Railway|accessdate=2010-01-15}}</ref>
* {{rail-interchange|toronto|2}} [[Line 2 Bloor–Danforth|Bloor–Danforth]]
}}
⚫
| yearconstruction = 1961–1962<ref name=HCRR>{{cite web|url=http://www.hcry.org/collection_1961_5300.html|title=Halton County Radial Railway: Collection Roster|year=2010|publisher=Halton County Radial Railway|accessdate=2010-01-15|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910051705/http://www.hcry.org/collection_1961_5300.html|archivedate=2009-09-10}}</ref>
| yearservice = 1962
| yearservice = 1962
| yearscrapped = 1999 <ref name="HCRR"/>
| yearscrapped = May 1999<ref name="HCRR"/>
| numberconstruction =
| numberconstruction =
| numberbuilt = 36
| numberbuilt = 36
⚫
| numberpreserved = 2{{efn|Owned by [[Halton County Radial Railway]], a private museum<ref name = HCRR />}}
⚫
| numberservice = None
⚫
| numberpreserved = 2 (owned by private museum) <ref name = HCRR />
| numberscrapped = 34
| numberscrapped = 34
| carbody = Aluminum
| carbody = [[Aluminum]]
| carlength = {{convert|23|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| carlength = {{convert|23.012|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|3.14|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|3.14|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|3.65|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|3.65|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| floorheight = {{convert|1.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| floorheight = {{convert|1.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| floorheight =
| platformheight =
| platformheight =
| entrylevelorstep =
| entrylevelorstep =
⚫
| doors = 8 (4 per side) per car
| art-sections =
⚫
| maxspeed = {{convert|89|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
⚫
| doors = 8 sets (4 sets per side) per car
| maxspeed = {{convert|88|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|27215|kg|lb|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}
⚫
| weight = {{convert|27200|kg|lb|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}
| capacity = 83 (formerly 84) seated
| capacity = 83 (formerly 84) seated
| acceleration =
| acceleration =
| deceleration =
| deceleration =
| traction = DC Traction Motors
| traction =
| Engine =
| traction motors = DC
| poweroutput = {{convert|120|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
| poweroutput = {{convert|120|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
| transmission =
| transmission =
| auxiliaries =
| aux = None (?)
| powersupply =
| powersupply =
| electricsystem = 600 V DC
| electricsystem = {{600 V DC|conductor=third rail}}
| collectionmethod = [[Third rail]]
| collectionmethod = [[Contact shoe]]
| brakes = [[Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company|Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co.]] digital electro-pneumatic braking and electro-dynamic rheostatic service brake
| brakes = [[Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company Ltd|Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co.]] [[Railway brake#Electropneumatic brakes|digital electro-pneumatic braking]] and [[Dynamic braking (locomotive)|Electro-dynamic reheostatic service brake]]
| safety =
| safety =
| gauge = {{Convert|4|ft|10+7/8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} – TTC Gauge
| gauge = {{Track gauge|toronto|lk=on}}
}}
}}
The '''M series''', also known as '''M-1''', was the second series of [[rapid transit]] [[rolling stock]] used in the [[Toronto subway|subway system]] of [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada. They were built by [[Montreal Locomotive Works]] in [[Montreal]], Quebec, Canada, from 1961 to 1962. They were the first Toronto subway cars to be manufactured in Canada, and only one of two series built outside Ontario.


==History==
[[Image:Mseriesinterior.jpg|left|thumb|The interior of an M-series train. Note the distinctive blue and cream colour scheme]]
⚫
By 1960, the [[Toronto Transit Commission]] was preparing to expand its subway system to include the University line. The TTC wanted subway cars with a larger {{convert|75|ft|m|2|adj=on}} design and also wished to expand upon some of the experimental features in the existing [[G series (Toronto subway)|G-series]] cars.<ref name = M-1>{{cite web|title = The Montreal Series (M-1) Cars (1963–1999)|author = Aaron Adel and James Bow, revised by Robert Lubinski|url = http://transit.toronto.on.ca/subway/5502.shtml|year = 2006|publisher = Transit Toronto|access-date = 2005-10-21|archive-date = 2011-12-24|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111224182133/http://transit.toronto.on.ca/subway/5502.shtml|url-status = live}}</ref> The new design was pushed forward by general manager [[John G. Inglis]].
[[Image:TTC M1 Subway Car.jpg|left|thumb|An M-series train in service on the [[Bloor-Danforth (TTC)|Bloor-Danforth Line]]]]


⚫
A total of only 36 M-series cars were built. As the subway expanded and more trains were necessary, the TTC turned to [[Hawker Siddeley Canada|Hawker Siddeley]] to build the [[H series (Toronto subway)|next series]] of subway cars.
The '''M-series''' [[rapid transit]] cars were a [[Toronto]] subway car model built in 1961–1962.


===Design===
⚫
By 1960 the [[Toronto Transit Commission]] was preparing plans to expand its subway system to include the University line. The TTC wanted subway cars with a larger 75 foot (22.86 m) design and also wished to expand upon some of the experimental features in the existing [[G-series (Toronto subway car)|G-Series]] cars.<ref name = M1>{{cite web|title = The Montreal Series (M-1) Cars (1963-1999)|author = Aaron Adel and James Bow, revised by Robert Lubinski|url = http://transit.toronto.on.ca/subway/5502.shtml|year = 2006|publisher = Transit Toronto}}</ref> The TTC performed testing at St. Clair and Union stations with a 75 foot test vehicle known as the ''Duncan Dragon''. Built at the Duncan Shops by Len Bardsley and the ''D&D Equipment'', the test car consisted of two trucks with three panels and was designed to test the size of train that could successfully navigate the tunnels. A steel girder with railings allowed workers to walk and ride the car during tests.
The TTC performed testing at [[St. Clair (TTC)|St. Clair]] and [[Union (TTC)|Union]] stations with a 75-foot test vehicle known as the ''Duncan Dragon''. Built at the Duncan Shops by Leonard Bardsley and the D&D Equipment Company, the test car consisted of two [[Bogie|trucks]] with three panels and was designed to test the [[Loading gauge|size]] of train that could successfully navigate the tunnels. A steel girder with railings allowed workers to walk and ride the car during tests.


After specifications for the new cars were finalized, [[American Locomotive Company|Alco's]] [[Montreal Locomotive Works]] in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]] was contracted to build the new cars, dubbed "M1".<ref name = HCRR /> The cars are historically notable as the first Canadian-built subway cars<ref name = M1 /> and, at the time of their construction, were the longest subway cars in the world.<ref name = HCRR />
After specifications for the new cars were finalized, [[American Locomotive Company|Alco's]] Montreal Locomotive Works was contracted to build the new cars, dubbed "M-1".<ref name = HCRR /> The cars are historically notable as the first subway cars produced in Canada<ref name = M-1 /> and, at the time of their construction, the longest subway cars in the world.<ref name = HCRR /> All subsequent TTC cars have followed the size and length specifications of the M series (though the [[Toronto Rocket (Toronto subway car)|Toronto Rocket]] deviates from the two-car [[married-pair]] formation) and influenced several other transit authorities to examine the use of longer cars.


===Retirement===
⚫
In total only 36 M-series cars were built. As the subway expanded and more vehicles were necessary the TTC turned to [[Hawker Siddeley Canada|Hawker Siddeley]] to build the [[H-series (Toronto subway car)|next series]] of subway cars.
⚫
The M-1 trains were decommissioned on May 1, 1999, and scrapped soon afterwards. All were scrapped except cars 5300 & 5301, which were given to the [[Halton County Radial Railway]] museum for preservation.<ref name="HCRR" />


==See also==
All subsequent TTC trains have followed the size and length specifications of the M-series and influenced several other transit authorities to examine the use of longer cars.
* [[Clearance car]], special car to check for obstructions
* [[Toronto subway rolling stock]]


==Notes==
⚫
The M1 trains were decommissioned and scrapped in 1999, with 2 cars given to the Halton County Radial Railway streetcar museum for preservation.<ref name = HCRR />
{{Notelist}}

⚫
==External links==
⚫
* [http://transit.toronto.on.ca/subway/5502.shtml M-series cars]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
<References/>

⚫
==External links==
⚫
* [http://transit.toronto.on.ca/subway/5502.shtml M–series cars]


{{TTC rolling stock}}
{{TTC}}
{{TTC}}


<!-- MLW multiple units/rolling stock doesn't exist -->
<!-- MLW multiple units/rolling stock doesn't exist -->


[[Category:Toronto rapid transit passenger equipment]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:M-Series (Toronto Subway Car)}}
[[Category:Toronto Subway passenger equipment]]
[[Category:600 V DC multiple units]]
[[Category:MLW locomotives]]
[[Category:Electric multiple units of Canada]]

Latest revision as of 06:06, 10 June 2024

M series
An M-series train at the Greenwood Subway Yard
In service1962–1999
ManufacturerMontreal Locomotive Works
Built atMontreal, Quebec
Constructed1961–1962[1]
Entered service1962
ScrappedMay 1999[1]
Number built36
Number preserved2[a]
Number scrapped34
SuccessorT-1
Formation2 car mated pairs (operated as 3 pair (6 car) trains)
Fleet numbers5300–5335
Capacity83 (formerly 84) seated
OperatorsToronto Transit Commission
Lines served
Specifications
Car body constructionAluminum
Car length23.012 m (75 ft 6.0 in)
Width3.14 m (10 ft 4 in)
Height3.65 m (12 ft 0 in)
Floor height1.1 m (3 ft 7 in)
Doors8 (4 per side) per car
Maximum speed89 km/h (55 mph)
Weight27,215 kg (60,000 lb)
Traction motorsDC
Power output120 hp (89 kW)
AuxiliariesNone (?)
Electric system(s)Third rail, 600 V DC
Current collector(s)Contact shoe
Braking system(s)Westinghouse Brake & Signal Co. digital electro-pneumatic braking and Electro-dynamic reheostatic service brake
Track gauge4 ft 10+7⁄8 in (1,495 mm)

The M series, also known as M-1, was the second series of rapid transit rolling stock used in the subway system of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. They were built by Montreal Locomotive Works in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from 1961 to 1962. They were the first Toronto subway cars to be manufactured in Canada, and only one of two series built outside Ontario.

History

[edit]

By 1960, the Toronto Transit Commission was preparing to expand its subway system to include the University line. The TTC wanted subway cars with a larger 75-foot (22.86 m) design and also wished to expand upon some of the experimental features in the existing G-series cars.[2] The new design was pushed forward by general manager John G. Inglis.

A total of only 36 M-series cars were built. As the subway expanded and more trains were necessary, the TTC turned to Hawker Siddeley to build the next series of subway cars.

Design

[edit]

The TTC performed testing at St. Clair and Union stations with a 75-foot test vehicle known as the Duncan Dragon. Built at the Duncan Shops by Leonard Bardsley and the D&D Equipment Company, the test car consisted of two trucks with three panels and was designed to test the size of train that could successfully navigate the tunnels. A steel girder with railings allowed workers to walk and ride the car during tests.

After specifications for the new cars were finalized, Alco's Montreal Locomotive Works was contracted to build the new cars, dubbed "M-1".[1] The cars are historically notable as the first subway cars produced in Canada[2] and, at the time of their construction, the longest subway cars in the world.[1] All subsequent TTC cars have followed the size and length specifications of the M series (though the Toronto Rocket deviates from the two-car married-pair formation) and influenced several other transit authorities to examine the use of longer cars.

Retirement

[edit]

The M-1 trains were decommissioned on May 1, 1999, and scrapped soon afterwards. All were scrapped except cars 5300 & 5301, which were given to the Halton County Radial Railway museum for preservation.[1]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Owned by Halton County Radial Railway, a private museum[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f "Halton County Radial Railway: Collection Roster". Halton County Radial Railway. 2010. Archived from the original on 2009-09-10. Retrieved 2010-01-15.
  2. ^ a b Aaron Adel and James Bow, revised by Robert Lubinski (2006). "The Montreal Series (M-1) Cars (1963–1999)". Transit Toronto. Archived from the original on 2011-12-24. Retrieved 2005-10-21.
[edit]
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