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Coordinates: 53°20′30″N 60°26′56″W / 53.34167°N 60.44889°W / 53.34167; -60.44889[1]
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{{Redirect|Goose Bay|the patrol vessel|HMCS Goose Bay (MM 707)}}
{{for|the patrol vessel|HMCS Goose Bay}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
<!-- Infobox begins -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Happy Valley–Goose Bay
| official_name = Happy Valley-Goose Bay
| other_name =
| other_name =
| native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
| native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
| nickname =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| settlement_type = Town
| motto = "A World of Opportunities"
| motto = "A World of Opportunities"
| image_skyline =
| image_skyline = File:Goose Bay Labrador (2513512285).jpg
| imagesize =
| imagesize = 200px
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = Canada Newfoundland and Labrador
| image_flag =
| image_caption = Goose Bay Labrador in May 2008
| flag_size =
| image_flag =
| image_seal = Happyvalleygoosebay.JPG
| image_seal = Happy Valley Seal.png
| seal_size =
| seal_size =
| image_shield =
| image_shield =
| shield_size =
| shield_size =
| image_blank_emblem = Hvgblogo.png
| image_blank_emblem = Hvgblogo.png
| blank_emblem_size =
| blank_emblem_size =
| coordinates_region = CA-NL
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_name = Canada
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name = {{CAN}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Newfoundland and Labrador]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of census divisions of Newfoundland and Labrador|Census division]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{NL}}
| subdivision_type3 = [[Census divisions of Newfoundland and Labrador|Census division]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Division No. 10, Newfoundland and Labrador|10]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Electoral district (Canada)|Provincial electoral district]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Division No. 10, Newfoundland and Labrador|10]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Lake Melville (electoral district)|Lake Melville]]
| established_title = Settled
| subdivision_type5 = Federal electoral district
| established_date = 1942
| subdivision_name5 = [[Labrador (electoral district)|Labrador]]
| established_title2 = Incorporated
| established_date2 = 1973
| established_title = Settled
| established_date = 1942
| established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| established_date3 =
| established_title2 = Incorporated
| government_type = Happy Valley–Goose Bay Town Council
| established_date2 = 1973
| established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title = Mayor
| established_date3 =
| leader_name = Leo Abass
| government_type = Town Council
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title1 = <!--[[Legislative Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador|MLA]]-->
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title2 = <!--[[Members of the Canadian House of Commons|MP]]-->
| leader_name = George Andrews
| leader_title1 = [[Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly|MHA]]
| leader_name2 =
| unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| leader_name1 = [[Perry Trimper]] ([[Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador|LIB]])
| leader_title2 = [[List of House members of the 44th Parliament of Canada|MP]]
| area_footnotes =
| leader_name2 = [[Yvonne Jones]] ([[Liberal Party of Canada|LIB]])
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_total_km2 = 305.85
| leader_title3 = [[Nunatsiavut]] Assembly members
| leader_name3 = Gerald Asivak <br /> [[Wally Andersen]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nunatsiavut.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Official-May-3-Election-Results-for-Ordinary-Members.pdf|title=Media release. Official results of May 3 general election for Ordinary Members to the Nunatsiavut Assembly|website=nunatsiavut.com|date=10 May 2022|access-date=27 November 2023}}</ref>
| area_land_sq_mi =
| unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_land_km2 =
| area_footnotes = &nbsp;(2021)<ref name=2021census/>
| area_water_sq_mi =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_water_percent =
| area_total_km2 = 305.69
| area_urban_sq_mi =
| area_land_sq_mi =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_metro_km2 =
| area_water_sq_mi =
| area_metro_sq_mi =
| area_water_km2 =
| population_as_of = 2006
| area_water_percent =
| population_note =
| area_urban_sq_mi =
| area_urban_km2 =
| population_footnotes = <ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1010025&Geo2=PR&Code2=10&Data=Count&SearchText=Botwood&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All Population and dwelling counts]</ref>
| population_total = 7572 | population_urban =
| area_metro_km2 =
| population_metro =
| area_metro_sq_mi =
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_note =
| population_density_km2 = 24.8
| timezone = [[Atlantic Time]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name=2021census/>
| utc_offset = -4
| population_total = 8,040
| timezone_DST = Atlantic Daylight Time
| population_urban =
| utc_offset_DST = -3
| population_metro =
| latd = 53
| population_density_sq_mi =
| latm = 18
| population_density_km2 = 26.4
| lats = 07
| timezone = [[Atlantic Time Zone|AST]]
| latNS = N
| utc_offset = −04:00
| longd = 60
| timezone_DST = ADT
| longm = 25
| utc_offset_DST = −03:00
| coordinates = {{coord|53|20|30|N|60|26|56|W|region:CA-NL|notes=<ref>{{Cite cgndb|ACRWH|Happy Valley-Goose Bay}}</ref>|display=inline,title}}
| longs = 00
| longEW = W
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_ft =
| elevation_ft =
| elevation_m = 12
| elevation_m = 12 | postal_code_type = Postal Code Span
| postal_code_type = Postal Codes
| postal_code = [[List of A Postal Codes of Canada|A0P]]
| postal_code = [[List of postal codes of Canada: A|A0P1C0, A0P1E0, & A0P1S0]]
| area_code = [[Area code 709|709]]
| area_code = [[Area code 709|709]]
| blank_name = [[List of Newfoundland and Labrador highways|Highways]]
| blank_name = [[List of Newfoundland and Labrador highways|Highways]]
| blank_info = [[Newfoundland and Labrador Route 500|Highway 500]]
| blank_info = {{jct|province=NL|NL|500|name1=Trans-Labrador Highway}}<br />
{{jct|province=NL|NL|510|name1=Labrador South Highway}}<br />
| website = [http://www.happyvalley-goosebay.com/ Official website]
{{jct|province=NL|NL|520|name1=North West River Road}}
| footnotes =
| website = {{URL|https://townhvgb.com/}}
| footnotes =
| name =
}}
}}
'''Happy Valley-Goose Bay''' ([[Inuit languages|Inuit]]: ''Vâli'')<ref>Issenman, Betty. ''Sinews of Survival: The living legacy of Inuit clothing''. UBC Press, 1997. pp252-254</ref> is a town in the province of [[Newfoundland and Labrador]], Canada. Located in the central part of [[Labrador]] on the coast of [[Lake Melville]] and the [[Churchill River (Atlantic)|Churchill River]], Happy Valley-Goose Bay is the largest population centre in the region with an estimated 8,040 residents in 2021.
<!-- Infobox ends -->
'''Happy Valley–Goose Bay''' is a [[Canada|Canadian]] town in the province of [[Newfoundland and Labrador]].


Located in the central part of [[Labrador]], the town is the largest population centre in that region. Incorporated in 1973, the town composes the former town of Happy Valley and the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay. Built on a large sandy plateau in 1941, the town is home to the largest military air base in northeastern North America, [[CFB Goose Bay]].
Incorporated in 1973, it comprises the former town of Happy Valley and the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay. Built on a large sandy plateau in 1941, the town is home to the largest military air base in northeastern North America,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.movingforces.com/cfb-goose-bay|title=FUN FACTS ABOUT GOOSE BAY, NL|website=movingforces.com|access-date=24 March 2021}}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[CFB Goose Bay]].<ref name=CFBGB-length>{{cite web|url=http://www.strategic-air-command.com/bases/Goose_Bay_AFB.htm|title=SAC Bases: Goose Bay Air Base|website=strategic-air-command.com|access-date=24 March 2021}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
In the summer of 1941, Eric Fry, an employee of the [[Natural Resources Canada|Canadian Department of Mines]] and Resources on loan to the [[Royal Canadian Air Force]], selected a large sandy plateau near the mouth of the [[Goose River (Labrador)|Goose River]] to build the Goose Bay Air Force Base. Docking facilities for transportation of goods and personnel were built at Terrington Basin.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/politics/goose-bay-base.php | title=Goose Bay }}</ref>


[[CFB Goose Bay|Goose Air Base]] became a landing and refuelling stop for the [[North Atlantic air ferry route in World War II#North Atlantic Route|Atlantic Ferry route]]. Soon after the site was selected, men from the coast of [[Labrador]] began working on the base. With World War II in bloom, it took only five months to build an operational military airport on the leased territory.
In the summer of 1941, Eric Fry, an employee of the Canadian Department of Mines and Resources on loan to the [[Royal Canadian Air Force]], selected a large [[sandy]] [[plateau]] near the mouth of the [[Goose River]] to build the Goose Bay Air Force Base. Docking facilities for [[transportation]] of goods and personnel was built at Terrington Basin.


The first settlers to the area came from coastal Labrador to work with McNamara Construction Company, which was contracted to build the Goose Bay Air Force Base. Their first choice was Otter Creek, where they were told that it would be too close to the base. A new location was chosen based upon the requirement to be at least {{cvt|5|mi|order=flip}} from the base. In 1942, a new site was chosen that was first called Refugee Cove; it was not until 1955 that it eventually was renamed Happy Valley.<ref name="one">Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, Volume Two, (p 797) {{ISBN|0-9693422-2-5}}</ref>
Goose Air Base became a landing and refuelling stop for the Atlantic Ferry route. Soon after the site was selected, men from the coast of [[Labrador]] began working on the base. With World War II in bloom, it took only five months to build an operational military airport on the leased territory.


The first three families to arrive to work at the construction of the base were the Saunders from [[Davis Inlet]], the Broomfields from Big Bay, and the Perraults from [[Makkovik]].
The first [[settlers]] to the area came from coastal [[Labrador]] to work with McNamara Construction Company, which was contracted to build the Goose Bay Air Force Base. Their first choice was Otter Creek, where they were told that it would have been too close to the base. A new location was chosen based upon the requirement to be at least eight kilometres from the base. In 1942, a new site was chosen that was first called Refugee Cove; it was not until 1955 that it eventually was renamed Happy Valley.<ref name="one">Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, Volume Two, (p 797) ISBN 0-9693422-2-5</ref>


Happy Valley's first school was operated by a Mrs. Perrault from her home until 1946, when the Royal Canadian Air Force donated a building. The old one-room school was bought by Bella and Clarence Brown in early 1962 and turned into a family residence. In 1949, the Air Force donated a second building which became the North Star School. Mrs. Perrault also became Happy Valley's first librarian. Bella Brown took over as Happy Valley's librarian when the North Star School's second building was donated as the new library.
The first three families to arrive to work at the construction of the base were the [[Saunders]] from [[Davis Inlet, Newfoundland and Labrador|Davis Inlet]], the [[Broomfield (surname)|Broomfield]]s from Big Bay, and the [[Perrault (surname)|Perrault]]s from [[Makkovik, Newfoundland and Labrador|Makkovik]].


The [[Grenfell Mission]] operated the first medical facilities when it opened a nursing station in 1951. In 1963, the provincial government built Paddon Memorial Hospital.
Happy Valley's first school was operated by a Mrs. Perrault from her home until 1946, when the [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] donated a building. In 1949, the Air Force donated a second building which became the North Star School.


== Canadian Forces Base ==
The Grenfell Mission operated the first medical facilities when it opened a nursing station in 191. In 1963, the provincial government built Paddon Memorial Hospital
{{further|CFB Goose Bay}}
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2015}}
[[CFB Goose Bay]] saw a reduction of [[NATO]] low-level tactical flight training in the decade 1996–2005, and the town faced an uncertain future as the federal government reduced the number of permanent [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] personnel to fewer than 100 all-ranks. The last NATO nations to use CFB Goose Bay for flight training, Germany and Italy, did not renew their leases after terminating in early 2006.

The runway at Happy Valley-Goose Bay was also an alternative, but unused, landing site for [[NASA]]'s now-decommissioned [[Space Shuttle]], because of its size and length.<ref name=CFBGB-length/><ref name="STSCanada">{{cite web|title=Trasnport Canada NASA Space Shuttle Emergency Landing Site Contingency Plan |url=http://www.tc.gc.ca/Publications/en/TP12952/PDF/HR/TP12952E.pdf|publisher=Transport Canada|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517012846/http://www.tc.gc.ca/Publications/EN/TP12952/PDF/HR/TP12952E.PDF|archivedate=17 May 2013}}</ref>

== Local Improvement District of Goose Bay ==
Prior to its amalgamation with Happy Valley, the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay was set up in 1970 and included an area called Spruce Park and the Canadian Department of Transport Housing areas. It grew to include other areas of the base until 1973, when it comprised all of the base area.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Happy Valley–Goose Bay lies at the southwest end of [[Lake Melville]] near the mouth of the [[Churchill River (Atlantic)|Churchill River]]. The town is located on the southern shore of a [[peninsula]] created by Terrington Basin to the north and Goose Bay at the south.
Happy Valley-Goose Bay lies at the southwest end of [[Lake Melville]] near the mouth of the [[Churchill River (Atlantic)|Churchill River]]. The town is located on the southern shore of a peninsula created by Terrington Basin to the north and Goose Bay at the south.


[[File:Churchill River (near Happy Valley-Goose Bay).jpg|left|thumb|Churchill River near Happy Valley-Goose Bay]]
===Climate===


===Climate===
Happy Valley-Goose Bay displays a [subarctic climate] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfc''), marked by long, cold, and snowy winters, and short and mild summers. Autumn and spring are very brief and last only a few weeks. The average high temperature stays below freezing for 5 months out of the year and the low does so for 8 months.<ref name = "climate" /> Snowfall is very heavy, averaging nearly {{convert|460|cm|in|sigfig=2}} per year, and does not fall only in July and August.<ref name = "climate" /> Precipitation, at nearly {{convert|950|mm|in|1}} is significant year-round and is heavy for the city's latitude.<ref name = "climate" />
Happy Valley-Goose Bay displays a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb'') right on the borderline with a [[subarctic climate]] (Köppen ''Dfc''), marked by significant snowfall in the winter, which has average highs around {{convert|-12|C|F|abbr=on}}. Summer highs, on the other hand, average {{cvt|20|C}}. The average high temperature stays at or below freezing for five months of the year and the low does so for six months.<ref name = "climate" /> Snowfall averages nearly {{cvt|406|cm}} per year, and can occur in all months except July and August.<ref name = "climate" /> Precipitation, at nearly {{cvt|940|mm}}, is significant year-round and is heavy for a continental climate at its latitude.<ref name = "climate" />


{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Happy Valley-Goose Bay ([[CFB Goose Bay]])<br>[[Location identifier#WMO station identifiers|WMO ID]]: 71816; coordinates {{coordinates|53|19|N|60|25|W|type:airport_region:CA-NL|name=CFB Goose Bay}}; elevation: {{cvt|48.8|m}}; 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1941−present
|collapsed = Y
|location = Happy Valley–Goose Bay
|metric first = Y
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y
|single line = Y
|Jan record high C = 11.6
|Jan record high C = 11.2
|Feb record high C = 10.6
|Feb record high C = 10.6
|Mar record high C = 16.4
|Mar record high C = 16.4
|Apr record high C = 21.2
|Apr record high C = 21.7
|May record high C = 32.1
|May record high C = 32.7
|Jun record high C = 36.2
|Jun record high C = 36.2
|Jul record high C = 37.8
|Jul record high C = 37.8
|Aug record high C = 35.3
|Aug record high C = 35.3
|Sep record high C = 30
|Sep record high C = 33.6
|Oct record high C = 22.8
|Oct record high C = 25.8
|Nov record high C = 16.7
|Nov record high C = 17.4
|Dec record high C = 11.7
|Dec record high C = 11.7
|year record high C = 37.8
|year record high C = 37.8
|Jan high C = -12.9
|Jan high C = -12.3
|Feb high C = -10.6
|Feb high C = -10.4
|Mar high C = -3.7
|Mar high C = -3.6
|Apr high C = 3.3
|Apr high C = 3.6
|May high C = 10.5
|May high C = 11.0
|Jun high C = 16.8
|Jun high C = 17.3
|Jul high C = 20.2
|Jul high C = 21.2
|Aug high C = 19.9
|Aug high C = 20.8
|Sep high C = 13.9
|Sep high C = 15.3
|Oct high C = 6.2
|Oct high C = 7.5
|Nov high C = -0.8
|Nov high C = 0.0
|Dec high C = -9.4
|Dec high C = -7.3
|year high C = 4.5
|year high C = 5.3
|Jan low C = -23.3
|Jan mean C = -17.0
|Feb low C = -21.9
|Feb mean C = -16.0
|Mar low C = -15.4
|Mar mean C = -9.5
|Apr low C = -6.6
|Apr mean C = -1.4
|May low C = -0.3
|May mean C = 5.6
|Jun low C = 5.2
|Jun mean C = 11.7
|Jul low C = 9.7
|Jul mean C = 15.8
|Aug low C = 9
|Aug mean C = 15.6
|Sep low C = 4.5
|Sep mean C = 10.3
|Oct low C = -1.5
|Oct mean C = 3.8
|Nov low C = -8.1
|Nov mean C = -3.6
|Dec low C = -18.3
|Dec mean C = -11.6
|year low C = -5.6
|year mean C = 0.3
|Jan low C = -21.7
|Feb low C = -21.5
|Mar low C = -15.3
|Apr low C = -6.4
|May low C = 0.1
|Jun low C = 6.1
|Jul low C = 10.5
|Aug low C = 10.3
|Sep low C = 5.4
|Oct low C = 0.1
|Nov low C = -7.3
|Dec low C = -15.7
|year low C = -4.6
|Jan record low C = -38.9
|Jan record low C = -38.9
|Feb record low C = -39.4
|Feb record low C = -39.4
|Mar record low C = -35.6
|Mar record low C = -35.6
|Apr record low C = -29.7
|Apr record low C = -29.7
|May record low C = -15
|May record low C = -15.0
|Jun record low C = -4.2
|Jun record low C = -4.2
|Jul record low C = 0.1
|Jul record low C = 0.1
|Aug record low C = 0
|Aug record low C = 0.0
|Sep record low C = -6.7
|Sep record low C = -6.7
|Oct record low C = -17
|Oct record low C = -17.0
|Nov record low C = -26.1
|Nov record low C = -26.1
|Dec record low C = -36.7
|Dec record low C = -36.7
|year record low C = -39.4
|year record low C = -39.4
|Jan precipitation mm = 64.6
|precipitation colour = green
|Feb precipitation mm = 55.1
|Jan precipitation mm = 66.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 69.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 55.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 65.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 63.9
|May precipitation mm = 66.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 63.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 95.8
|May precipitation mm = 69.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 113.8
|Jun precipitation mm = 87.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 98.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 111.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 95.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 107.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 80.1
|Sep precipitation mm = 86.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 75.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 88.1
|Dec precipitation mm = 69
|Nov precipitation mm = 74.9
|year precipitation mm = 949
|Dec precipitation mm = 62.6
|Jan rain mm = 1.9
|year precipitation mm = 937.8
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 2.0
|Feb rain mm = 3.3
|Feb rain mm = 3.3
|Mar rain mm = 5.3
|Mar rain mm = 4.5
|Apr rain mm = 19.3
|Apr rain mm = 20.7
|May rain mm = 47.0
|May rain mm = 51.1
|Jun rain mm = 92.1
|Jun rain mm = 86.9
|Jul rain mm = 113.8
|Jul rain mm = 111.8
|Aug rain mm = 98.8
|Aug rain mm = 107.2
|Sep rain mm = 92.3
|Sep rain mm = 85.8
|Oct rain mm = 59.6
|Oct rain mm = 67.2
|Nov rain mm = 20.3
|Nov rain mm = 26.3
|Dec rain mm = 5.7
|Dec rain mm = 6.6
|year rain mm = 559.5
|year rain mm = 573.4
|Jan snow cm = 80.2
|snow colour = green
|Feb snow cm = 62.6
|Jan snow cm = 75.0
|Mar snow cm = 75.8
|Feb snow cm = 60.4
|Apr snow cm = 52.3
|Mar snow cm = 67.4
|May snow cm = 19.9
|Apr snow cm = 45.8
|Jun snow cm = 3.2
|May snow cm = 19.1
|Jul snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0.8
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 2.6
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Oct snow cm = 22.1
|Sep snow cm = 0.2
|Nov snow cm = 62.0
|Oct snow cm = 21.5
|Dec snow cm = 78.3
|Nov snow cm = 51.6
|year snow cm = 458.8
|Dec snow cm = 64.1
|Jan precipitation days = 16.3
|year snow cm = 405.9
|Feb precipitation days = 12.9
|unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
|Mar precipitation days = 14.7
|Jan precipitation days = 15.6
|Apr precipitation days = 13.9
|Feb precipitation days = 12.4
|May precipitation days = 15
|Mar precipitation days = 14.0
|Jun precipitation days = 16.5
|Apr precipitation days = 13.8
|Jul precipitation days = 18.8
|May precipitation days = 14.7
|Aug precipitation days = 17.7
|Jun precipitation days = 16.9
|Sep precipitation days = 17.9
|Jul precipitation days = 18.2
|Oct precipitation days = 16.2
|Aug precipitation days = 17.6
|Nov precipitation days = 14.9
|Sep precipitation days = 16.6
|Dec precipitation days = 15.9
|Oct precipitation days = 16.5
|Jan rain days = 1.3
|Nov precipitation days = 14.3
|Feb rain days = 1.2
|Dec precipitation days = 14.5
|Mar rain days = 2.5
|year precipitation days = 185.0
|Apr rain days = 5.3
|unit rain days = 0.2 mm
|May rain days = 12.2
|Jan rain days = 1.6
|Jun rain days = 16.4
|Feb rain days = 1.5
|Jul rain days = 18.8
|Mar rain days = 2.0
|Aug rain days = 17.7
|Apr rain days = 6.0
|Sep rain days = 17.7
|May rain days = 12.5
|Oct rain days = 12.7
|Jun rain days = 16.9
|Nov rain days = 5.2
|Jul rain days = 18.2
|Dec rain days = 2.0
|Aug rain days = 17.6
|Jan snow days = 16.2
|Sep rain days = 16.6
|Feb snow days = 13.0
|Oct rain days = 13.7
|Mar snow days = 13.9
|Nov rain days = 6.2
|Apr snow days = 11.0
|Dec rain days = 2.6
|May snow days = 5.2
|year rain days = 115.4
|Jun snow days = 1.2
|unit snow days = 0.2&nbsp;cm
|Jul snow days = 0
|Jan snow days = 15.7
|Aug snow days = 0
|Feb snow days = 12.4
|Sep snow days = 0.9
|Mar snow days = 13.4
|Oct snow days = 6.4
|Apr snow days = 10.6
|Nov snow days = 12.1
|May snow days = 5.3
|Dec snow days = 15.7
|Jun snow days = 0.6
|Jan sun = 98.7
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Feb sun = 126.3
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Mar sun = 135.9
|Sep snow days = 0.2
|Apr sun = 150
|Oct snow days = 5.5
|May sun = 183.2
|Nov snow days = 11.2
|Jun sun = 182.1
|Dec snow days = 13.8
|Jul sun = 197.7
|year snow days = 88.6
|Aug sun = 184.9
|Jan sun = 96.9
|Sep sun = 116.1
|Feb sun = 130.2
|Oct sun = 87.1
|Mar sun = 139.1
|Nov sun = 73.9
|Apr sun = 162.4
|Dec sun = 76.9
|May sun = 190.0
|year sun = 1612.8
|Jun sun = 175.0
|Jul sun = 196.6
|source 1 = [[Environment Canada]]<ref name= "climate">[[Environment Canada]]
|Aug sun = 193.9
[http://www.climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_e.html?Province=NFLD&StationName=&SearchType=&LocateBy=Province&Proximity=25&ProximityFrom=City&StationNumber=&IDType=MSC&CityName=&ParkName=&LatitudeDegrees=&LatitudeMinutes=&LongitudeDegrees=&LongitudeMinutes=&NormalsClass=A&SelNormals=&StnId=6777& Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000], accessed 15 July 2009</ref>
|Sep sun = 121.9
|date=August 2010
|Oct sun = 90.4
|Nov sun = 75.8
|Dec sun = 72.5
|year sun = 1644.7
|Jan percentsun = 38.5
|Feb percentsun = 47.1
|Mar percentsun = 37.9
|Apr percentsun = 38.7
|May percentsun = 38.7
|Jun percentsun = 34.5
|Jul percentsun = 38.6
|Aug percentsun = 42.3
|Sep percentsun = 31.9
|Oct percentsun = 27.5
|Nov percentsun = 29.0
|Dec percentsun = 30.7
|year percentsun = 36.3
|source 1 = [[Environment and Climate Change Canada]] (sunshine 1981–2010)<ref name= "climate">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment and Climate Change Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=6777&lang=e&dCode=1&province=NFLD&provBut=Go&month1=0&month2=12
| title = Goose A
| work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010
| date=31 October 2011 | access-date = 23 May 2014}}</ref><ref name= "1991-2020 normals">{{cite web
| publisher = Environment and Climate Change Canada
| url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnName_1991&txtStationName_1991=goose&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=66000000&dispBack=1
| title = Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020 Data
| work = Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020
| date=18 September 2023 | access-date = 6 October 2023}}</ref><ref name= "October 2023">{{cite web
| publisher = Environment and Climate Change Canada
| url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?StationID=6777&timeframe=2&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2023&Day=1&Year=2023&Month=10#
| title = Daily Data Report for October 2023
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| date=18 September 2023 | access-date = 7 October 2023}}</ref><ref name=data>{{cite web
|url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnName_1991&txtStationName_1991=goose&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=66000000&dispBack=1#metadata-thread
| publisher = Environment and Climate Change Canada
|title=Composite Station Metadata
|access-date=3 April 2024}}</ref>
}}
}}

== Canadian Forces Base ==
{{details|CFB Goose Bay}}

CFB Goose Bay has seen a reduction of [[NATO]] low-level tactical flight training in the past decade, and the town is facing an uncertain future as the federal government has reduced the number of permanent [[Canadian Forces Air Command]] personnel to fewer than 100 all-ranks. The last NATO nations to use CFB Goose Bay for flight training, Germany and Italy, did not renew their leases after terminating in early 2006.

The runway at Happy Valley–Goose Bay is also an alternative, but so far unused, landing site for the [[NASA]] [[space shuttle]], due to its size and length.

== Local Improvement District of Goose Bay ==
Prior to its amalgamation with Happy Valley, the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay was set up in 1970 and included an area called Spruce Park and the Canadian Department of Transport Housing areas. It grew to include other areas of the base until 1973, when it comprised all of the base area.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
{| cellpadding="1" style="float:right; margin:0 1em 1em 0; border:1px #bbb solid; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:90%;"
|title = Historical populations
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" style="text-align:center;"
|type = Canada
!Census
|align = right
!Population
|width =
|- style="text-align:right;"
|state =
|1961
|shading =
|2,861
|percentages =
|- style="text-align:right;"
|footnote = <ref name="statscan">{{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca|title=Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador (Town) Census Subdivision|publisher=Statistics Canada|work=Community Profiles}}</ref>
|1971
|1961|2861
|5,433
|1971|5433
|- style="text-align:right;"
|1981
|1981|7103
|1991|8610
|7,103
|[[1996 Canadian census|1996]]|8655
|- style="text-align:right;"
|[[2001 Canadian census|2001]]|7969
|1991
|[[2006 Canadian census|2006]]|7572
|8,610
|[[2011 Canadian census|2011]]|7552
|- style="text-align:right;"
|[[2016 Canadian census|2016]]|8109
|2001
|[[2021 Canadian census|2021]]|8040
|7,969
}}
|- style="text-align:right;"
{| class="wikitable"
|2006
|-
|7,572
! colspan="2" | Canada 2016 Census!! Population !! % of Total Population
|- style="text-align:right;"
|-
| rowspan="9" | [[Visible minority]] group<br /><small>Source:<ref>{{cite web |title=2016 Census Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1010025&Geo2=CD&Code2=1010&Data=Count&SearchText=Happy%20Valley%20Goose%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 |website=12.statcan.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref></small>
|| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]] || 85 || {{Percentage | 85 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]] || 20 || {{Percentage | 20 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Black Canadians|Black]] || 25 || {{Percentage | 25 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Filipino Canadians|Filipino]] || 145 || {{Percentage | 145 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]] || 20 || {{Percentage | 20 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Korean Canadians|Korean]] || 10 || {{Percentage | 10 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Japanese Canadians|Japanese]] || 10 || {{Percentage | 10 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| Other visible minority || 10 || {{Percentage | 10 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Multiracial people#Canada|Mixed]] visible minority || 25 || {{Percentage | 25 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Total visible minority population'' || ''325'' || ''{{Percentage | 325 | 7880 | 1 }}''
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]] group<br /><small>Source:<ref>{{cite web |title=2016 census profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1010025&Geo2=CD&Code2=1010&Data=Count&SearchText=Happy%20Valley%20Goose%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 |website=12.statcan.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref> </small>
|| [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] || 190 || {{Percentage | 190 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Métis]] || 1,515 || {{Percentage | 1515 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| [[Inuit]] || 1,865 || {{Percentage | 1865 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Total Indigenous population'' || ''3,565'' || ''{{Percentage | 3565 | 7880 | 1 }}''
|-
| colspan="2" | [[European Canadians|White]] || 3,990 || {{Percentage | 3990 | 7880 | 1 }}
|-
| colspan="2" | ''Total population'' || ''8,109'' || ''99.8%''
|-
|}
|}
The population of Happy Valley by 1945 reached 229 people, made up mostly of workers who serviced the base. According to records kept by the newly-organized United Church, in 1953 there were 116 families in the whole community, which had one UC school. About 50 families were United Church; 25 were Anglican, 25 Moravian, 14 Pentecostal and 2 Catholic. By 1956, the population was 1,145, and by 1961, it had risen to 2 861, then doubled by 1966 to 4,215. Before the community of Happy Valley [[amalgamation (politics)|amalgamated]] with the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay, the population was 4,937 while Goose Bay's population was 496.


In the [[2021 Canadian census]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Happy Valley-Goose Bay had a population of 8,040 living in 3,072 of its 3,390 total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:8040-8109}}|8109|1}} from its 2016 population of 8,109. With a land area of {{cvt|304.52|km2}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|8040|304.52|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000210 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Newfoundland and Labrador | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=9 February 2022 | accessdate=15 March 2022}}</ref>
According to the [[Canadian Government]]'s [[Canada 2006 Census|2006 census]] the community of Happy Valley–Goose Bay has a population of 7,572. This represents a 5.0% decrease from the 2001 population of 7,969. According to the same statistics, the median age of the community is 35.7 years, with 79.9% of the population being above the age of 15 (compared with the provincial median age of 41.7 and 84.5%).


The [[2011 Canadian census|2011 census]] showed that Happy Valley-Goose Bay has outgrown [[Labrador City]] and is now the largest community in Labrador. However, [[Labrador West]] (a region consisting of Labrador City and a nearby community, [[Wabush]]) still has a higher population than Upper Lake Melville (which includes Happy Valley-Goose Bay and three nearby communities)<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 Census Population, Census Consolidated Subdivisions (CCS) by Community : Newfoundland and Labrador|url=http://www.stats.gov.nl.ca/statistics/Census2011/PDF/Pop_CCS_2011.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126071842/http://www.stats.gov.nl.ca/statistics/Census2011/PDF/Pop_CCS_2011.pdf|archive-date=26 November 2013|access-date=9 August 2018|website=Stats.gov.nl.ca}}</ref>
At 65%, the majority of the population is of white ethnic (Caucasian) background. There is also a sizeable population of [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|aboriginal]] peoples, at approximately 35% of the population. Other ethnic groups present in Happy Valley–Goose Bay are [[Black (people)|Black]] and [[South Asian]].

The community is largely [[Protestant]], at 73.9%, with a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] minority at 20.1%. About 1% of the population claims other religions, and 5% claim "no religious affiliation."


== Transportation ==
== Transportation ==
=== Road ===
=== Road ===
Happy Valley and Goose Bay are connected by the [[Trans-Labrador Highway]] with [[Labrador City]] and [[Baie-Comeau, Quebec|Baie-Comeau]] in Quebec. The road was extended south to link with an existing road from the [[Blanc Sablon]]-St Barbe ferry. It open in December 2009.
Happy Valley and Goose Bay are connected by the [[Trans-Labrador Highway]] with [[Labrador City]] and [[Baie-Comeau]] in Quebec. The road was extended south to link with an existing road from the [[Blanc Sablon]] - [[St. Barbe]] ferry. It opened in December 2009.

Prior to 1954, hardly any [[Vehicle registration plate|licence plates]] were issued to Labrador communities except for Happy Valley and the Goose Bay area. A series of small plates were issued to help fund road development. It was not until the mid-1960s that all of Labrador started using regular Newfoundland licence plates.<ref name="three">{{cite web|title=History of Newfoundland Licence Plates|url=http://www.canplates.com/nfld.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010417092047/http://www.canplates.com/nfld.html|archive-date=17 April 2001|access-date=9 August 2018|website=Canplates.com}}</ref>


Since 1992, the road from Baie-Comeau to Wabush was connected to an open route year-round to Happy Valley-Goose Bay.
Prior to 1954, hardly any [[licence plate]]s were issued to Labrador communities except for Happy Valley and the Goose Bay area. A series of small plates were issued to help fund road development. It was not until the mid 1960s that all of [[Labrador]] started using regular Newfoundland and Labrador licence plates.<ref name="three">[http://www.canplates.com/nfld.html History of Newfoundland Licence Plates]</ref>


=== Water ===
=== Water ===
The town was serviced by boat and container ship to the ports from Newfoundland and the port of Montreal. Most of the town's supplies were transported by container vessels brought to the docking facilities located at Terrington Basin. These facilities were operated by Transport Canada. The shipping season usually lasted from June to December. In the summer a [[ferry]] service connects Happy Valley–Goose Bay with [[Cartwright, Labrador]] and [[Lewisporte, Newfoundland]].
The town was serviced by boat and container ship to the ports from Newfoundland and the [[port of Montreal]]. Most of the town's supplies were transported by container vessels brought to the docking facilities located at Terrington Basin. These facilities were operated by [[Transport Canada]]. The shipping season usually lasted from June to December. In the summer, a ferry service connects Happy Valley-Goose Bay with [[Cartwright, Newfoundland and Labrador|Cartwright]].


=== Air ===
=== Air ===
[[Air Canada]] and [[Eastern Provincial Airways]] were the first air carriers in the area to carry passengers from outside the area into [[CFB Goose Bay]]. [[Labrador Airways Limited]] provided air transportation to local communities. Located at Otter Creek is a seaplane base that also provided airlifts to local communities and tourist lodges in the interior of Labrador.
[[Air Canada]] and [[Eastern Provincial Airways]] were the first air carriers in the area to carry passengers from outside the area into [[CFB Goose Bay]]. [[Air Labrador|Labrador Airways Limited]] provided air transportation to local communities. Located at Otter Creek is a seaplane base that also provided airlifts to local communities and tourist lodges in the interior of Labrador.
Since 1992 the road from Baie-comeau to wabush was connected to an open route year round to Happy valley Goose bay.


==Notable people==
== Appearance in ''Flightplan'' ==
* [[Jennifer Hale]], voice actress

* [[Heather Igloliorte]], historian
The town was featured in the 2005 movie ''[[Flightplan]]'', when a plane makes its emergency landing at the air base after a woman reports her daughter missing from the flight.
* [[Seamus O'Regan]], politician
* [[Keith Russell (politician)|Keith Russell]], politician
* [[Doris Saunders]], archivist
* [[Jennie Williams]], photographer and filmmaker


==See also==
==See also==
* [[List of cities and towns in Newfoundland and Labrador]]
* [[List of municipalities in Newfoundland and Labrador]]
* [[Doris Saunders]]


==References==
==References==
*''Newfoundland's Namescape'' Unpublished manuscript, Floreen Carter, Phelps Publishing, London Ont. for information see [[Wayne Ray]]
* ''Newfoundland's Namescape'' Unpublished manuscript, Floreen Carter, Phelps Publishing, London Ont.
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Coord|53|18|07|N|60|25|00|W|scale:25000|display=title}}
==External links==
{{NLtemplate}}
*{{wikivoyage-inline|Happy Valley-Goose Bay}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2010}}
*[http://www.happyvalley-goosebay.com/ Official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140722141144/http://www.happyvalley-goosebay.com/ |date=22 July 2014 }}

{{Lake Melville}}
{{NLDivision10}}
{{Subdivisions of Newfoundland and Labrador|towns=yes|ICG=yes}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Towns in Newfoundland and Labrador]]
[[Category:Towns in Newfoundland and Labrador]]
[[Category:Populated places in Labrador]]
[[Category:Populated places in Labrador]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1941]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1941]]
[[Category:1941 establishments in Canada]]

[[de:Happy Valley-Goose Bay]]
[[fr:Happy Valley-Goose Bay]]
[[pl:Happy Valley-Goose Bay]]
[[pt:Happy Valley-Goose Bay]]
[[sv:Happy Valley-Goose Bay]]

Latest revision as of 21:23, 20 December 2024

For the patrol vessel, see HMCS Goose Bay.

Happy Valley-Goose Bay
Town
Goose Bay Labrador in May 2008
Goose Bay Labrador in May 2008
Official seal of Happy Valley-Goose Bay
Seal
Official logo of Happy Valley-Goose Bay
Motto: 
"A World of Opportunities"
Happy Valley-Goose Bay is located in Newfoundland and Labrador
Happy Valley-Goose Bay
Happy Valley-Goose Bay
Coordinates: 53°20′30″N 60°26′56″W / 53.34167°N 60.44889°W / 53.34167; -60.44889[1]
CountryCanada
ProvinceNewfoundland and Labrador
Census division10
Provincial electoral districtLake Melville
Federal electoral districtLabrador
Settled1942
Incorporated1973
Government
 • TypeTown Council
 • MayorGeorge Andrews
 • MHAPerry Trimper (LIB)
 • MPYvonne Jones (LIB)
 • Nunatsiavut Assembly membersGerald Asivak
Wally Andersen[2]
Area
 (2021)[3]
 • Total
305.69 km2 (118.03 sq mi)
Elevation
12 m (39 ft)
Population
 (2021)[3]
 • Total
8,040
 • Density26.4/km2 (68/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−04:00 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−03:00 (ADT)
Postal Codes
A0P1C0, A0P1E0, & A0P1S0
Area code709
Highways Route 500 (Trans-Labrador Highway)

Route 510 (Labrador South Highway)

Route 520 (North West River Road)
Websitetownhvgb.com

Happy Valley-Goose Bay (Inuit: Vâli)[4] is a town in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Located in the central part of Labrador on the coast of Lake Melville and the Churchill River, Happy Valley-Goose Bay is the largest population centre in the region with an estimated 8,040 residents in 2021.

Incorporated in 1973, it comprises the former town of Happy Valley and the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay. Built on a large sandy plateau in 1941, the town is home to the largest military air base in northeastern North America,[5] CFB Goose Bay.[6]

History

[edit]

In the summer of 1941, Eric Fry, an employee of the Canadian Department of Mines and Resources on loan to the Royal Canadian Air Force, selected a large sandy plateau near the mouth of the Goose River to build the Goose Bay Air Force Base. Docking facilities for transportation of goods and personnel were built at Terrington Basin.[7]

Goose Air Base became a landing and refuelling stop for the Atlantic Ferry route. Soon after the site was selected, men from the coast of Labrador began working on the base. With World War II in bloom, it took only five months to build an operational military airport on the leased territory.

The first settlers to the area came from coastal Labrador to work with McNamara Construction Company, which was contracted to build the Goose Bay Air Force Base. Their first choice was Otter Creek, where they were told that it would be too close to the base. A new location was chosen based upon the requirement to be at least 8.0 km (5 mi) from the base. In 1942, a new site was chosen that was first called Refugee Cove; it was not until 1955 that it eventually was renamed Happy Valley.[8]

The first three families to arrive to work at the construction of the base were the Saunders from Davis Inlet, the Broomfields from Big Bay, and the Perraults from Makkovik.

Happy Valley's first school was operated by a Mrs. Perrault from her home until 1946, when the Royal Canadian Air Force donated a building. The old one-room school was bought by Bella and Clarence Brown in early 1962 and turned into a family residence. In 1949, the Air Force donated a second building which became the North Star School. Mrs. Perrault also became Happy Valley's first librarian. Bella Brown took over as Happy Valley's librarian when the North Star School's second building was donated as the new library.

The Grenfell Mission operated the first medical facilities when it opened a nursing station in 1951. In 1963, the provincial government built Paddon Memorial Hospital.

Canadian Forces Base

[edit]
Further information: CFB Goose Bay

CFB Goose Bay saw a reduction of NATO low-level tactical flight training in the decade 1996–2005, and the town faced an uncertain future as the federal government reduced the number of permanent Royal Canadian Air Force personnel to fewer than 100 all-ranks. The last NATO nations to use CFB Goose Bay for flight training, Germany and Italy, did not renew their leases after terminating in early 2006.

The runway at Happy Valley-Goose Bay was also an alternative, but unused, landing site for NASA's now-decommissioned Space Shuttle, because of its size and length.[6][9]

Local Improvement District of Goose Bay

[edit]

Prior to its amalgamation with Happy Valley, the Local Improvement District of Goose Bay was set up in 1970 and included an area called Spruce Park and the Canadian Department of Transport Housing areas. It grew to include other areas of the base until 1973, when it comprised all of the base area.

Geography

[edit]

Happy Valley-Goose Bay lies at the southwest end of Lake Melville near the mouth of the Churchill River. The town is located on the southern shore of a peninsula created by Terrington Basin to the north and Goose Bay at the south.

Churchill River near Happy Valley-Goose Bay

Climate

[edit]

Happy Valley-Goose Bay displays a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) right on the borderline with a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc), marked by significant snowfall in the winter, which has average highs around −12 °C (10 °F). Summer highs, on the other hand, average 20 °C (68 °F). The average high temperature stays at or below freezing for five months of the year and the low does so for six months.[10] Snowfall averages nearly 406 cm (160 in) per year, and can occur in all months except July and August.[10] Precipitation, at nearly 940 mm (37 in), is significant year-round and is heavy for a continental climate at its latitude.[10]

Climate data for Happy Valley-Goose Bay (CFB Goose Bay)
WMO ID: 71816; coordinates 53°19′N 60°25′W / 53.317°N 60.417°W / 53.317; -60.417 (CFB Goose Bay); elevation: 48.8 m (160 ft); 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1941−present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 11.2
(52.2) 		10.6
(51.1) 		16.4
(61.5) 		21.7
(71.1) 		32.7
(90.9) 		36.2
(97.2) 		37.8
(100.0) 		35.3
(95.5) 		33.6
(92.5) 		25.8
(78.4) 		17.4
(63.3) 		11.7
(53.1) 		37.8
(100.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −12.3
(9.9) 		−10.4
(13.3) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		3.6
(38.5) 		11.0
(51.8) 		17.3
(63.1) 		21.2
(70.2) 		20.8
(69.4) 		15.3
(59.5) 		7.5
(45.5) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		5.3
(41.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −17.0
(1.4) 		−16.0
(3.2) 		−9.5
(14.9) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		5.6
(42.1) 		11.7
(53.1) 		15.8
(60.4) 		15.6
(60.1) 		10.3
(50.5) 		3.8
(38.8) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		−11.6
(11.1) 		0.3
(32.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −21.7
(−7.1) 		−21.5
(−6.7) 		−15.3
(4.5) 		−6.4
(20.5) 		0.1
(32.2) 		6.1
(43.0) 		10.5
(50.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		5.4
(41.7) 		0.1
(32.2) 		−7.3
(18.9) 		−15.7
(3.7) 		−4.6
(23.7)
Record low °C (°F) −38.9
(−38.0) 		−39.4
(−38.9) 		−35.6
(−32.1) 		−29.7
(−21.5) 		−15.0
(5.0) 		−4.2
(24.4) 		0.1
(32.2) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−6.7
(19.9) 		−17.0
(1.4) 		−26.1
(−15.0) 		−36.7
(−34.1) 		−39.4
(−38.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 66.7
(2.63) 		55.9
(2.20) 		63.9
(2.52) 		63.2
(2.49) 		69.9
(2.75) 		87.7
(3.45) 		111.8
(4.40) 		107.2
(4.22) 		86.0
(3.39) 		88.1
(3.47) 		74.9
(2.95) 		62.6
(2.46) 		937.8
(36.92)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 2.0
(0.08) 		3.3
(0.13) 		4.5
(0.18) 		20.7
(0.81) 		51.1
(2.01) 		86.9
(3.42) 		111.8
(4.40) 		107.2
(4.22) 		85.8
(3.38) 		67.2
(2.65) 		26.3
(1.04) 		6.6
(0.26) 		573.4
(22.57)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 75.0
(29.5) 		60.4
(23.8) 		67.4
(26.5) 		45.8
(18.0) 		19.1
(7.5) 		0.8
(0.3) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.2
(0.1) 		21.5
(8.5) 		51.6
(20.3) 		64.1
(25.2) 		405.9
(159.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 15.6 12.4 14.0 13.8 14.7 16.9 18.2 17.6 16.6 16.5 14.3 14.5 185.0
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 1.6 1.5 2.0 6.0 12.5 16.9 18.2 17.6 16.6 13.7 6.2 2.6 115.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 15.7 12.4 13.4 10.6 5.3 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 5.5 11.2 13.8 88.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 96.9 130.2 139.1 162.4 190.0 175.0 196.6 193.9 121.9 90.4 75.8 72.5 1,644.7
Percent possible sunshine 38.5 47.1 37.9 38.7 38.7 34.5 38.6 42.3 31.9 27.5 29.0 30.7 36.3
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada (sunshine 1981–2010)[10][11][12][13]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical populations
YearPop.±%
19612,861—    
19715,433+89.9%
19817,103+30.7%
19918,610+21.2%
19968,655+0.5%
20017,969−7.9%
20067,572−5.0%
20117,552−0.3%
20168,109+7.4%
20218,040−0.9%
[14]
Canada 2016 Census Population % of Total Population
Visible minority group
Source:[15] 		South Asian 85 1.1%
Chinese 20 0.3%
Black 25 0.3%
Filipino 145 1.8%
Latin American 20 0.3%
Korean 10 0.1%
Japanese 10 0.1%
Other visible minority 10 0.1%
Mixed visible minority 25 0.3%
Total visible minority population 325 4.1%
Indigenous group
Source:[16] 		First Nations 190 2.4%
Métis 1,515 19.2%
Inuit 1,865 23.7%
Total Indigenous population 3,565 45.2%
White 3,990 50.6%
Total population 8,109 99.8%

In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Happy Valley-Goose Bay had a population of 8,040 living in 3,072 of its 3,390 total private dwellings, a change of -0.9% from its 2016 population of 8,109. With a land area of 304.52 km2 (117.58 sq mi), it had a population density of 26.4/km2 (68.4/sq mi) in 2021.[3]

The 2011 census showed that Happy Valley-Goose Bay has outgrown Labrador City and is now the largest community in Labrador. However, Labrador West (a region consisting of Labrador City and a nearby community, Wabush) still has a higher population than Upper Lake Melville (which includes Happy Valley-Goose Bay and three nearby communities)[17]

Transportation

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Road

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Happy Valley and Goose Bay are connected by the Trans-Labrador Highway with Labrador City and Baie-Comeau in Quebec. The road was extended south to link with an existing road from the Blanc Sablon - St. Barbe ferry. It opened in December 2009.

Prior to 1954, hardly any licence plates were issued to Labrador communities except for Happy Valley and the Goose Bay area. A series of small plates were issued to help fund road development. It was not until the mid-1960s that all of Labrador started using regular Newfoundland licence plates.[18]

Since 1992, the road from Baie-Comeau to Wabush was connected to an open route year-round to Happy Valley-Goose Bay.

Water

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The town was serviced by boat and container ship to the ports from Newfoundland and the port of Montreal. Most of the town's supplies were transported by container vessels brought to the docking facilities located at Terrington Basin. These facilities were operated by Transport Canada. The shipping season usually lasted from June to December. In the summer, a ferry service connects Happy Valley-Goose Bay with Cartwright.

Air

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Air Canada and Eastern Provincial Airways were the first air carriers in the area to carry passengers from outside the area into CFB Goose Bay. Labrador Airways Limited provided air transportation to local communities. Located at Otter Creek is a seaplane base that also provided airlifts to local communities and tourist lodges in the interior of Labrador.

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  • Newfoundland's Namescape Unpublished manuscript, Floreen Carter, Phelps Publishing, London Ont.
  1. ^ "Happy Valley-Goose Bay". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  2. ^ "Media release. Official results of May 3 general election for Ordinary Members to the Nunatsiavut Assembly" (PDF). nunatsiavut.com. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  3. ^ a b c "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Newfoundland and Labrador". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  4. ^ Issenman, Betty. Sinews of Survival: The living legacy of Inuit clothing. UBC Press, 1997. pp252-254
  5. ^ "FUN FACTS ABOUT GOOSE BAY, NL". movingforces.com. Retrieved 24 March 2021.[permanent dead link‍]
  6. ^ a b "SAC Bases: Goose Bay Air Base". strategic-air-command.com. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  7. ^ "Goose Bay".
  8. ^ Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador, Volume Two, (p 797) ISBN 0-9693422-2-5
  9. ^ "Trasnport Canada NASA Space Shuttle Emergency Landing Site Contingency Plan" (PDF). Transport Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2013.
  10. ^ a b c d "Goose A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 31 October 2011. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  11. ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020 Data". Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 18 September 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  12. ^ "Daily Data Report for October 2023". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 18 September 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  13. ^ "Composite Station Metadata". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  14. ^ "Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador (Town) Census Subdivision". Community Profiles. Statistics Canada.
  15. ^ "2016 Census Profile". 12.statcan.gc.ca.
  16. ^ "2016 census profile". 12.statcan.gc.ca.
  17. ^ "2011 Census Population, Census Consolidated Subdivisions (CCS) by Community : Newfoundland and Labrador" (PDF). Stats.gov.nl.ca. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  18. ^ "History of Newfoundland Licence Plates". Canplates.com. Archived from the original on 17 April 2001. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
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