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Coordinates: 27°15′N 83°00′E / 27.250°N 83.000°E / 27.250; 83.000
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{{For|the [[Bollywood]] movie|Basti (film)}}
{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Basti, Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2023}}
{{India Districts
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}
|Name = Basti
{{Infobox settlement
|Local = बस्ती जिला
| name = Basti district
|State = Uttar Pradesh
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|District]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|Division = [[Basti division|Basti]]
| total_type = Total
|HQ = Basti, Uttar Pradesh
| native_name =
|Map = Uttar Pradesh district location map Basti.svg
| image_skyline =
|Area = 7309
| image_caption =
|Rain = 1166
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Basti.svg
|Population = 20,68,922
| map_caption = Location of Basti district in Uttar Pradesh
|Urban =
| coordinates =
|Year = 2001
| coor_pinpoint = Basti, Uttar Pradesh
|Density = 682
| subdivision_type = Country
|Literacy = 54.28 % ( [[2001]] )
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
|SexRatio = 916 ( 2001 )
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
|Tehsils = Basti
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|LokSabha = [[Basti (Lok Sabha constituency)|Basti]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
|Assembly =
| subdivision_name2 = [[Basti division|Basti]]
|Highways = [[National Highway 28]]
| established_title = Established
|Website = http://basti.nic.in/
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 2688
| area_footnotes =<ref name="Basti_district">{{Cite web |title=District Basti |url=https://basti.nic.in/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810000130/http://basti.nic.in/ |archive-date=10 August 2018 |access-date=27 October 2018 |publisher=National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 2,464,464
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{Cite web |title=52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017 |access-date=16 May 2019 |website=nclm.nic.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff" />
| demographics1_title3 = Regional languages
| demographics1_info3 = [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
| demographics_type2 = Demographics
| demographics2_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics2_info1 = 67.2 per cent
| demographics2_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics2_info2 = 963<ref name="Basti_district" />
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituencies
| leader_name1 = [[Basti (Lok Sabha constituency)|Basti]]
| leader_title2 = [[Member of parliament (India)|MP]]
| leader_name2 = [[Ram Prasad Chaudhary]]<ref>https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2461.htm {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate = UP-51
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 28]]
| blank_name_sec2 = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2 = 1166 mm
| website = {{URL|https://basti.nic.in}}
}}
}}
'''Basti district''' ({{lang-hi|बस्ती जिला}}, {{lang-ur|ضلع بستی}}), is one of the [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|districts]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]] [[States and territories of India|state]], India and [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]] town is the district headquarters. Basti district is a part of [[Basti Division]].


'''Basti district''' is one of the [[List of districts of Uttar Pradesh|districts of Uttar Pradesh]] state, [[India]], and a part of [[Basti division|Basti Division]]. [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]] city is the district headquarters.
==Origin of name==
Basti was originally known as Vaishishthi. The origin of name Vaishishthi is attributed to the fact that this area was the Ashram of Rishi (sage) [[Vasistha|Vashistha]] in ancient period.
Here The Great ABDUL AKHIR was born in tehsil harriya of basti district.


The district is bordered by [[Sant Kabir Nagar district|Sant Kabir Nagar]] to the east and [[Gonda district|Gonda]] to the west. To the south, the [[Ghaghara]] River forms its boundary with [[Faizabad]] and [[Ambedkar Nagar district|Ambedkar Nagar]], while to the north, it shares its boundary with [[Siddharthnagar district|Siddharth Nagar]] district. The district covers an area of 2,688 square kilometers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=District Basti Government of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} Acharya Ram Chandra Shukla {{!}} India |url=https://basti.nic.in/ |access-date=2024-10-20 |language=en-US}}</ref>
The tract comprising the present district was remote and much of it was covered with forest. But gradually the area became inhabitable, for want of recorded and reliable history it cannot, with any degree of certainty, be said how the district came to known by its present name on account of the original habitation ([[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]]) having being selected by the [[Kalhan Raja]] as a seat of his Raj, an event which probably occurred in the 16th century. In 1801, Basti became the [[Tehsil]] headquarters and in 1865 it was chosen as the headquarters of the newly established district.


== Origin of name and history ==
==History==
Basti was originally known as Vaishishthi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Where is Basti, Information about Basti, Where is Basti Located in Uttar Pradesh, India |date=27 February 2017 |url=https://www.majorcitiesofworld.com/where-is-basti-in-uttar-pradesh-india/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026183225/https://www.majorcitiesofworld.com/where-is-basti-in-uttar-pradesh-india/ |archive-date=26 October 2020 |access-date=28 October 2019 |language=en-US}}</ref> The origin of the name Vaishishthi is attributed to the fact that this area was the [[ashram]] of Rishi (sage) [[Vashistha]] in ancient period. [[Rama]] with his younger brother [[Lakshmana]] are described in the ''Ramayana'' as living with Rishi Vashistha for a period.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}
=== Ancient period ===
In very ancient period the country around Basti was part of [[Kosala]]. The Shatapatha Brahmana speaks of [[Kosala]] as one of the countries of the [[Vedic Sanskrit|Vedic]] Aryans and the grammarian [[Pāṇini]] mentions it in one of his [[Sūtra|Sutras]]. It was during the rule of [[Rama]], the eldest son of [[Dasharatha]], that the glory of the Kosala royal dynasty reached its culmination. According to the tradition, Rama's elder son Kush ascended the throne of Kosala while the younger son Lav became the ruler of the northern part of the kingdom with its capital as Shravasti. In the 93rd generation from Ikshvaku and 30th from Rama was Brihadbala, the last famous king of the Ikshvaku density who was killed in Great [[Mahabharata]] battle.


The district was formerly a major centre of [[Buddhism]], being close to the holy sites of [[Kapilavastu (ancient city)|Kapilavastu]] and [[Shravasti]]. British records then claim that after the decline of Buddhism, the district gradually became covered by jungle and was the home of the [[Bhar]]s and [[Tharu people|Tharu]]s. The tract comprising the present district was remote and much of it was covered with forest. But gradually the area became inhabitable, for want of recorded and reliable history it cannot, with any degree of certainty, be said how the district came to be known by its present name :
With the decline of the [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]] in sixth century CE, [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]] also began gradually to become desolate. At this time a new dynasty, that of the [[Maukhari]]s, with its capital as [[Kannauj]], assumed an important position on the political map of northern India and perhaps this kingdom in included present district also.
{{Blockquote|text = “On account of the original habitation (Basti) having been selected by the Kalhans [[Raja Udai Raj Singh]] as a seat of his Raj, an event which probably occurred in the 15th century. In 1801, Basti became the Tehsil headquarters and in 1865 it was chosen as the headquarters of the newly established district. [[Raja Udai Raj Singh]] was the first ruler of [[Kalhans dynasty]] based at [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rizavī |first=Saiyada Najamula Razā |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T5RafkUBcvMC&dq=Kesri+Singh+kalhans+last+chaukhara&pg=PA46 |title=Zamindars and Revenue Farmers of Eastern Uttar Pradesh: From Mughal to Colonial Rule |date=2004 |publisher=Anamika Publishers & Distributors |isbn=978-81-7975-053-7 |page=46 |language=en |access-date=18 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817180412/https://books.google.com/books?id=T5RafkUBcvMC&dq=Kesri+Singh+kalhans+last+chaukhara&pg=PA46 |archive-date=17 August 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>”}}


In 1801, the town Basti became a ''[[tehsil]]'' headquarter, and in 1865, it was chosen as the headquarters of the newly established Basti district of Gorakhpur Commissionary.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://basti.nic.in/general%20profile/general%20profile.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906144031/http://basti.nic.in/general%20profile/general%20profile.htm |archive-date=6 September 2018 |access-date=8 June 2016}}</ref> Specifically, it happened on 6 May 1865.<ref name="Gazetteer" />
In the beginning of the 9th century CE, the [[Gurjara]]&ndash;[[Pratihara]] king, [[Nagabhata II]], overthrew the [[Ayodhya]]s who was then ruling at [[Kannauj]], and made this city the capital of his growing empire which rose to its greatest height in the reign of the famous [[Mihira Bhoja I]] (836-885 A.D.). During the reign of [[Mahipal]], the power of [[Kannauj]] began to decline and [[Awadh]] was divided into small chieftainships, but all of them ultimately yielded to the newly rising power of [[Gahadwals]] of [[Kannauj]]. [[Jaychandra]] (1170-1194 A.D.), the last important ruler of the dynasty was killed in the battle of [[Chandawar]] (near [[Etawah]]) fighting against the invading army of [[Muhammad of Ghor]]. Soon after his death [[Kannauj]] was occupied by the Turks.


At first, the plan was to use the [[West Rapti River|Rapti]] and [[Jamuwar]] rivers as the boundary between Basti and Gorakhpur districts, but this plan was abandoned.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{Cite book |last=Nevill |first=H.R. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.49292 |title=Basti: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XXXII of the District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra And Oudh |date=1907 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=112–4, 164 |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref> Instead, the boundary cut across existing [[parganas]], with a few areas east of the Jamuwar becoming part of Basti district, while the eastern parts of [[Maghar, India|Maghar]] and [[Binayakpur]] parganas remained in Gorakhpur district.<ref name="Gazetteer" /> New [[tehsil]]s were established, and most of the original 8 parganas were split into two, for a new total of 13 parganas.<ref name="Gazetteer" /> Subordinate to the parganas were 131 [[tappa]]s, which were of significant administrative significance.<ref name="Gazetteer" /> The resulting setup was the following:
According to the legends, for centuries Basti was a wilderness and that greater part of [[Awadh]] was occupied by the [[Bhars]]. No definite evidence is available about the Bhars origin and early history. The evidence of an extensive [[Bhar]] kingdom in the district can be gleaned only from the ruins of ancient brick buildings popularly ascribed to the Bhars and found in abundance in a number of villages of this district.


[[Amorha Khas]] is a historical place situated at a distance of 41&nbsp;km from the district headquarters. Its old name is Ambodha, and it was once a province (state) of Raja Zalim Singh. Raja Zalim Singh's Mahal is here, old wall of mahal is still there with the mark of a bullet used by the English. The famous temple [[Ramrekha Mandir]] is here.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}
===Medieval period===
In the beginning of the 13th century CE, Nasir-ud-din Mahmud, the elder son of Iltutmish, became the governor of [[Awadh]] in 1225 and is said to have completely crushed all resistance on the part of the Bhars. In 1323, Gayasuddin Tuglaq march through Bahraich and [[Gonda]] on his way to Bengal but he seems to have avoided the perils of the forest of district Basti and went by river from [[Ayodhya]]. Till 1479 CE, Basti and its adjoining districts appeared to be remained under the control of the rulers of [[Jaunpur Sultanate]]. After annexing the Jaunpur Sultanate, [[Bahlol Lodi]] handed over the governorship of the area covered by the sultanate to his nephew Muhammad Farmuli (Kala Pahar) with the headquarters at [[Bahraich]], which included this district and the adjoining areas. About this time, Mahatma [[Kabir]], the well known poet and philosopher lived at [[Maghar]] in this district.


In the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Great Revolt of 1857]], about 250 martyrs of [[Amorha]] State were hanged by the British Government from [[peepal tree]]s located at [[Chhawani]].<ref name="basti.nic.inb">{{Cite web |title=Places of Interest |url=http://basti.nic.in/Tourist%20gen%20info/placeof%20interest.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629215843/http://basti.nic.in/Tourist%20gen%20info/placeof%20interest.htm |archive-date=29 June 2016 |access-date=9 June 2016 |website=basti.nic.in}}</ref><ref name="google">{{Cite book |last=Thomas, D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M9KkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16 |title=Battles and Honours of the Royal Navy |date=1998 |publisher=Leo Cooper |isbn=978-0-85052-623-3 |page=16 |access-date=14 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817190413/https://books.google.com/books?id=M9KkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16 |archive-date=17 August 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="google2">{{Cite book |last=Benett, W.C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i6gIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA22 |title=The final settlement report on the Gonda district |date=1878 |volume=23 |page=22 |access-date=14 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817180414/https://books.google.com/books?id=i6gIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA22 |archive-date=17 August 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="google3">{{Cite book |last=Michael, B.A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iTKNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 |title=Statemaking and Territory in South Asia: Lessons from the Anglo–Gorkha War (1814–1816) |date=2014 |publisher=Anthem Press |isbn=978-1-78308-322-0 |page=151 |access-date=14 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817180437/https://books.google.com/books?id=iTKNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 |archive-date=17 August 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>
It is said that before the advent of the leading Rajput clans, there were the local Hindus and Hindu Rajas in the districts and they are said to have supplanted the aboriginal tribes like Bhars, Tharus, Domes and Domekatars, whom general tradition declares to have been the early rulers, at least after the fall of ancient kingdoms and this appearance of the Buddhist faith. These Hindus included the [[Bhumihar| Bhumihar Brahmin]]s, Sarvariya Brahmans and Visen. This was the state of the Hindu society in the district before the arrival of the [[Rajputs]] from the west. In the middle of the 13th century the Srinetra was the newcomer to have first established in this reign. Their chief, Chandrasen, expel the Domkatar from the eastern [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]]. The [[Kalhans Rajput of Gonda]] province established themselves in Pargana Basti. South of the Kalhans country Nagar, ruled by a Gautam Raja. There was also an ailed clan in Mahuli known as Mahsuiyas are Rajputs of Mahso.


== Geography ==
Other Rajput clan of special mention was that of [[Chauhan]]. It is said that three chief Mukund fled from Chittaur who ruled on undivided part (now it is in district Siddharthnagar) of district Basti. By the last quarter of the 14th century Amorha a part of district Basti were ruled by [[Kayasth]] dynasty.
The district lies between the parallels of 26° 23' and 27° 30' North Latitude and 82° 17' and 83° 20' East longitude. Its maximum length from north to south is about 75&nbsp;km. and breadth from east to west about 70&nbsp;km. The district lies between newly created district Sant Kabir Nagar on the east and Gonda on the west on the south, the Ghaghra river near [[Amorha Khas]] previously known as [[Amorha]] Province or State of Raja Zalim Singh separates it from the Ayodhya and newly created district Ambedkar Nagar. On the north it is bounded by district Sidharth Nagar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://basti.nic.in/general%20profile/Geography%20of%20basti.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630092420/http://basti.nic.in/general%20profile/Geography%20of%20basti.htm |archive-date=30 June 2017 |access-date=8 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yahoo maps location of Basti |url=http://maps.yahoo.com/#mvt=m&lat=26.80351&lon=82.7416&zoom=13&q1=Basti%252C%2520Basti%252C%2520Uttar%2520Pradesh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313184016/http://maps.yahoo.com/#mvt=m&lat=26.80351&lon=82.7416&zoom=13&q1=Basti%252C%2520Basti%252C%2520Uttar%2520Pradesh |archive-date=13 March 2009 |access-date=29 March 2009 |publisher=Yahoo maps}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Thomas |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M9KkAwAAQBAJ |title=Battles & Honours of Royal Navy |date=17 December 1998 |publisher=Pen and Sword |isbn=978-0-85052-623-3 |access-date=25 July 2016 |via=Google Books}}</ref>


=== Flora and fauna ===
During the reign of Akbar and his successor the district formed a part of the Gorakhpur sarkar of the Awadh [[Subah]]. In the earlier days of his reign the district served as the asylum for the rebel [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] leaders like Ali Quli Khan, Khan Zaman, the governor of Jaunpur. During the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] period in 1680 [[Aurangzeb]] sent one Qazi Khalil-ur-Rahman as the chakledar (holder of the tract) of [[Gorakhpur]] probably to get the regular payment of revenue from the local chiefs. Kalil-ur-Rahman marched from Ayodhya to force the chieftains of the districts adjoining Gorakhpur to make payment of revenue. As a result of this move, the rajas of Amorha and Nagar, who had recently acquired power, promptly tendered their submission and confrontation was thus averted. The governor then proceeded to Maghar which he again garrisoned, compelling the raja of Bansi to retire to this fortress on the bank of Rapti. The town of Khalilabad, now headquarters of newly created district [[Sant Kabir Nagar]], was named after Khalil-ur-Rahman, who tomb was erected at Maghar. A road leading from [[Ayodhya]] to Gorakhpur was constructed. In February 1690, Himmat Khan (son of Khan Jahan Bahadur Zafar Jang Kokaltash, Subahdar of Allahabad) was appointed Subahdar of [[Awadh]] and faujdar (military commander) of [[Gorakhpur]] who held the charge of Basti and adjoining districts for a long time.


The forest cover of the district has dwindled with increasing use of land for agriculture. There are areas with high prevalence of [[mango]] (''[[Mangifera indica]]''), [[Madhuca longifolia|mahua]] (''Madhuca longifolia''), [[Shorea robusta|sal]] (''Shorea robusta''), and [[bamboo]] (''[[Bambusa arundinacea]]'') trees. Some of the wild animals of the district are the [[nilgai]] (''Boselaphus tragocamelus''), antelok (''Anelok cervicapra''), [[pig]] (''[[Sus scrofa]]''), [[wolf]] (''Canis lupus''), [[jackal]] (''Conis aureus''), [[fox]] (''[[Vulpes bengalensis]]''), [[hare]] (''Lepus ruficandatus''), [[monkey]] (''[[Macaca mulatta]]''), [[wild cat]] (''[[Felis bengalensis]]'') and the [[porcupine]] (''Hystric leucura''). Several species of game birds are also seen, including the [[peafowl]] (''[[Pavo cristatus]]''), the black [[partridge]] (''Frencolinus francolinus'') and the grey partridge (''Francalinus pondicervanus''). A number of migratory water fowls visit the water bodies of the district in winter, such as the [[goose]] (''[[Anser anser]]''), [[common teal]] (''Anas crecca''), [[red-crested pochard]] (''Netta rufina''), white-eyed pochard (''Aythya rufa'') and the [[wigeon]] (''[[Mareca penelope]]''). The [[cobra]] (''[[Naja naja]]''), [[krait]] (''[[Bungarus caeruleus]]''), and [[rat-snake]] (''[[Ptyas mucosus]]'') are commonly found. The Indian crocodile or naka (''[[Crocodylus palustris]]''), and the [[ghariyal]] (''Gavialis gangeticus'') are also found in the [[river Ghaghra]]. The common fish species are [[rohu]] (''Lebeo rohita''), bhakur (''[[Catla catla]]''), nain (''Cirrhina mrigala''), [[Wallago attu|parhin]] (''Wallagonia attu''), krunch (''[[Labeo calbasu]]''), and tengan (''Mystus seenghala'').<ref name="Origin of name">{{Cite web |title=Origin of name |url=http://basti.nic.in/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719122956/http://basti.nic.in/ |archive-date=19 July 2011 |access-date=13 March 2014 |publisher=Basti Govt}}</ref>
===Modern period===
A great and far reaching change came over the sense when Saadat Khan was appointed governor of the Subah of Avadh including the faujdari (commaandarship) of [[Gorakhpur]] on 9 September 1772. At that time [[Bansi]] and [[Rasulpur]] were held by the Sarnet raja; Binayakpur by the Chauhan chieftain of Butwal; Basti by the Kalhan ruler; Amorha by the [[Suryavansh]]; Nagar by the Gautams; Mahuli by the elder line of Suryavamsis; while [[Maghar]] alone was under the direct control of the nawab's deputy, who was strengthened by the Muslim garrison.


== Demographics ==
In November 1801 Saadat Ali Khan, successor of [[Nawab Shuja Ud Daulah]] surrendered Gorakhpur, which then was inclusive of the present district Basti and other territory to the East India Company. Routledge had become as a first Collector of [[Gorakhpur]]. Some steps had been taken by Collector to inforce some order in the matter of collection of land revenue yet in order to assist the process a force was raised in March, 1802 by Captain Malcolm Mcleod. To cure the local chieftains of their obstinate attitude all their Fords, save those of Basti and Amorha Raja, were raise to ground.
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=6,56,285|13=1911|14=6,50,693|15=1921|16=6,84,396|17=1931|18=7,38,712|19=1941|20=7,76,969|21=1951|22=8,48,764|23=1961|24=10,10,706|25=1971|26=11,42,299|27=1981|28=13,66,434|29=1991|30=16,86,327|31=2001|32=20,84,814|33=2011|34=24,64,464|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226150601/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A-2_Data_Tables/10%20A-2%20Bihar.pdf |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=8 August 2019}}</ref>|align=center}}


{{bar box
The part played by the [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]] in the Freedom Struggle of 1857 ([[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]) is generally not ascribable exclusively; as the district was still forming but an outlying portion of [[Gorakhpur]], possessing no civil station of its own. After capture of Gorakhpur by the English on January 5, 1858, the freedom fighter had moved west ward a form double entrenchment at Amorha in the south western part of the district, to obstruct the march of Rowcroft from Gorakhpur. The army opposed to Rowcroft was composed of about 15,000 men entrenched at Belwa this large army of the nationalists comprised troops led by Mehndi Hasan the [[Nazim]] of [[Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh|Sultanpur]], the Rajas of Gonda, Nanpara, Atrauli and the Raja of Chaurda in the Behriech district and many other talukdars including Guljar Ali, the rebel Sayyed of Amorha. In this action at Amorha which was one of the most memorable events of the freedom struggle, the freedom fighters were able to encircle the British force oppose to them. In this struggle the loss freedom forces was estimated between 4 and 5 hundred killed and many others wounded. The position of the freedom forces at Amorha was reinforced by Mohammad Hasan of [[Gorakhpur]] who had join them later, with four thousand men. Rowcroft, hearing the arrival of Mohd. Hasan at Amorha, sent a detachment, under Major Cox. These were the events which had marked the conclusion of the freedom movement, so for the Basti was concerned.
|title=Religions in Basti district (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163323/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS |archive-date=20 September 2022 |access-date=1 October 2022 |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|84.52}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Uttar Pradesh|Islam]]|green|14.79}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|mediumblue|0.40}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.29}}
|width=290px}}


According to the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], Basti district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 2,464,464.<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |year=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Basti |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1186/download/3758/DH_2011_0954_PART_A_DCHB_BASTI.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> This ranked it the 178th most populous district in India. The district had a population density of {{convert|917|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 18.21%. Basti had a [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] of 963 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males, and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 67.22%. The child sex ratio of Basti was 922 females for every 1000 males. 5.60% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes make up 20.85% and 0.15% of the population respectively.<ref name="districtcensus" />
With the restoration of order and the discomfiture of the freedom fighters came the day of reckoning, and a heavy account had to be settled. Mohd. Hasan escaped the hard of the victors in consideration of his assistance once given to Colonel Lennox. The Bobu of Bakhira was hanged and the Raja of the Nagar avoided a similar fate by staving himself to death in prison with the bayonet of the prison guard. The Rani of Amorha lost her property for her complicity in the war independence which was given to Rani of Basti. The agent of Basti Rani was given land assessed at Rs. 1000=00 (sicsic). Similarly several others who had supported the British in some way or other betraying the freedom fighters, were awarded grants of land. The supporters of the freedom movement having been suppressed and the leaders annihilated, the alien rulers settled down to organized the civil administration. The peace of the district was secured by the maintenance of a garrison at Gorakhpur and also by the recognized police force. The one event of prime interest was the formation of the present district on May 6, 1865.


=== Languages ===
The non-co-operation Movement began to appear in the district towards the close of 1920. In the preparation for this movement Mahatma Gandhi along with [[Jawahar Lal Nehru]] had visited the district on October 8, 1919. He addressed a large gathering at Hathiyagarh Rehar near old town of the district. Fortunately for India's struggle for freedom, the fatal inertia that had practically put an end, after calling off the Non-co-operative movement, to all its outwards activities, was removed by an action of the British government, namely the appointment of [[Simon Commission]] in 1928. The people of this district received a fresh impetus with the next visit of Mahatma Gandhi along with Jawahar Lal Nehru on October 8, 1929.
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Basti district (2011)<ref name="languages" />
|label1 = [[Hindi]] |value1 = 80.25 |color1 = orange
|label2 = [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] |value2 = 14.29 |color2 = indianred
|label3 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value3 = 3.21 |color3 = gold
|label4 = [[Urdu]] |value4 = 2.14 |color4 = green
|label5 = Others |value5 = 0.11 |color5 = grey
|thumb=right
}}


At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 80.25% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]], 14.29% [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]], 3.21% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] and 2.14% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10224/download/13336/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163355/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10224/download/13336/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |archive-date=20 September 2022 |access-date=1 October 2022 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
The Quit India resolution pass by All India Congress Committee in its session at Bombay on August 8, 1942, marked the turning point in India's struggle for freedom. In Basti the movement had taken a serious turn. It was due to several causes, particularly the poverty of the people and nearness of the area to the B.H.U. at [[Varanasi]], from where batches of students arrive with the message of ''Do or Die''. The students of [[Walterganj]] staged demonstration and organized meeting on August 15, 1942. A few days later the railway station at Gaur was attacked causing damage to government property.


The district Basti may be considered as along the border of [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] and [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] speaking regions, and the dialect is consequently a mix of both. In cities and urban areas, due to increase in the educated population, [[Hindi]] is also spoken in daily conversations.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |year=2009 |title=Bhojpuri: A language of India |encyclopedia=Ethnologue: Languages of the World |publisher=SIL International |location=Dallas, Texas |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bho |access-date=30 September 2011 |editor-last=Gopeshwar Tripathi |edition=16th}}</ref>
In 1946 the Congress was again returned and it formed the Government. Then the came the long cherished dream of Independence true on the midnight of August 14–15, 1947. On the eve of Independence, thousands from the town and surrounding country side assembled at district headquarters in Basti to hail freedom. National flag was hoisted at the Collectorate and other government and semi government buildings, private buildings too, throughout the district were bedecked with flag.


=== Indian diaspora ===
==Geography==
===Location & Boundaries===
The district lies between the parallels of 26° 23' and 27° 30' north latitude and 82° 17' and 83° 20' east longitude in North India. Its maximum length from north to south is about 75&nbsp;km and breadth from east to west about 70&nbsp;km. Basti lies between the newly created district [[Sant Kabir Nagar district]] on the east and [[Gonda district]] on the west. On the south, the [[Ghaghara River]] separates it from [[Faizabad district]] and newly created [[Ambedkar Nagar district]], while on the north, the district is bounded by [[Siddharthnagar district]]. The district lies entirely in the submontane plain, with no natural elevations to
diversify its surface.


During the mid 1800s to the early 1900s many people from the district of Basti migrated through the [[Indian indenture system]] to [[Fiji]], [[Mauritius]], [[South Africa]], [[Guyana]], [[Jamaica]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Suriname]], and other [[Caribbean]] countries. Most of them stayed and carried their traditions in those then European colonies.<ref>http://girmit.org/?page_id=1242 {{dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> The former [[President of Guyana]], [[Cheddi Jagan]]'s parents were from Basti district.<ref>https://jagan.org/Biography/CJ Bio/cj_biography4.html</ref> Former [[Leader of the Opposition (Trinidad and Tobago)|Leader of the Opposition of Trinidad and Tobago]] and founder of the [[Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha]], [[Bhadase Sagan Maraj]]'s paternal grandparents were from Basti district.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.saada.org/item/20141107-3923 | title=Bharati | date=7 November 2014 }}</ref> The maternal great-great-great grandparents and maternal great-great-grandfather of [[Irfaan Ali]], the [[President of Guyana]], were from Basti district as well. In Trinidad, the name of the Indian majority village, Basta Hall, is derived from Basti.<ref>{{Cite web |title=At Home In Trinidad |url=https://southasia.ucla.edu/diaspora/indians-in-the-carribean/at-home/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919184451/http://southasia.ucla.edu/diaspora/indians-in-the-carribean/at-home/ |archive-date=19 September 2020 |access-date=10 September 2020 |website=MANAS}}</ref>
===Area===
According to the 1991 census, Basti covered an area of 7,309&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and was the seventh largest district in the state. Because of the changing course of the [[Ghaghra]], the district's area is subject to frequent alterations.


== Medical services and hospitals ==
===Population===
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a medical facility to this list if it already has its own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
According to the 2001 census, the district has a population of 20,68,922 persons ( 27,50,764 in 1991 ), of whom 1,079,971 ( 14,37,727 in 1991 ) are Males and 988,951 ( 13,13,037 in 1991 ) Females & Sex ratio 916 ( 908 in 1991 ). The population density is 682&nbsp;/km2.<ref name="upgov.nic.in">http://upgov.nic.in Government of Uttar Pradesh official website</ref> in 2001 ( 556 /km2 in 1991 )( in 1991 = Of these 75,299 persons, resided in urban areas and 29,08,791 in the rural areas. Total population of SC is about 5,79,812 of which 5,55,610 are residing in rural area and 24,202 are residing in urban area )
* [[Maharshi Vashishtha Autonomous State Medical College, Basti]] & OPEC Hospital Basti (U.P.)<ref>{{Cite web |title=GMC Basti Medical College |url=http://asmcbasti.edu.in/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219083131/http://asmcbasti.edu.in/ |archive-date=19 February 2020 |access-date=20 October 2020 |website=asmcbasti.edu.in}}</ref>
* [http://www.educationforallinindia.com/page163.html Population - Basti]
* [http://pgssgkp.org/focus_area_profile.html Basti Population]


== Administration ==
===Literacy===
[[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti town]] is the district headquarters of the district.<ref name="Origin of name" /> Basti district, a part of Basti division, is formed of four tehsils: Basti Sadar, [[Harraiya]], Bhanpur and [[Rudhauli]] and 14 development blocks,<ref>{{Cite web |title=शुभम नगर चंगेरवा बना जनपद का 15वां ब्लाक |url=http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-15245916.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216023941/http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-15245916.html |archive-date=16 February 2017 |access-date=15 February 2017}}</ref> 139 Nyay Panchayats, two Parganas named [[Amorha]] and Nagar as well as 10&nbsp;Gram Sabhas. The [[Community development block in India|development blocks]] included are:
As of 2001, the [[literacy]] rate has increased to 54.28% from 35.36% in 1991. The literacy rate is 68.16% for males (increased from 50.93% in 1991) and 39.00% percent for females (increased from 18.08% in 1991).<ref name="upgov.nic.in"/>. There are 4 Degree Colleges in the district. But there is no university in Basti. Basti is one of educationally and industrially backward district of uttar pradesh<ref>http://www.voiceofbharat.org/districts/basti.aspx</ref>.
* [[Amorha]] (Pargana)
* Nagar (Pargana)
* [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]]
* Bahadurpur
* Bankati
* Dubauliya
* Gaur
* [[Harraiya]] (Tahsil)
* Kaptanganj
* Kudaraha
* ParasRampur
* Ramnagar
* [[Rudhauli]] (Tehsil)
* Saltaua Gopal Pur
* Sau Ghat
* Vikram Jot


===Topography===
== Economy ==
The district,in spite of its apparent uniformity of aspect, it divided topographically into several distinct tract namely, the low valley of the Ghaghra in the south, extending from that river to its tributary, the Kuwana; the central upland ,between the latter river and the rapti; and the low and ill-drained paddy belt between the Rapti and the Nepal boundary.


The district is noted for its cotton textiles and sugar industries. Cottage industries and small-scale industries including the manufacturing units of brassware, iron and carpentry goods, agricultural implements, bricks, agro-products, foot-wear, soaps, candles, and pottery are present here. Basti is also known for its bamboo, eucalyptus (''Eucalyptus teritrornis''), mango and shisham (''Dalbergia sissoo'') populations. Four sugar factories are housed in the district. Sugarcane, maize, paddy, pulses, wheat, barley, and potato are commonly cultivated. Most of the population depends for their livelihood on agricultural practices. The district is well-connected through NH 28 which reflects on its good economy. The city is well-connected through railways also. {{citation needed|date=December 2023}}
===River System and Water Resources===
The district has two main river systems namely, the Ghaghra and Rapti, both of which ultimately form a part of the great Gangetic system. The other streams of the district are the Kuwana,its tributaries are, the Rawai, The Manwar and the Katnehia, and the Ami is a tributary of Rapti.


In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Basti one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="brgf" /> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name="brgf">{{Cite web |last=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 |access-date=27 September 2011 |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development}}</ref> City is also known for nationwide youth organisation National Association of Youth founded by Bhavesh Kumar Pandey and run from Basti.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NAY |url=http://www.nayindia.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113103312/http://nayindia.org/ |archive-date=13 January 2016 |access-date=18 January 2016}}</ref> The organisation organizes Basti Mini Marathon every year since 2012.
===The Ghaghra===
River Ghaghra is formed by the combined waters of Kauriyala,Girwa, Chauka and other streams, which have their origin in the mountains of Kumaun and Nepal. The Ghaghra forms the southern boundary of the district, from its entry opposite the sacred town of Ayodhya,where for a short distance it is usually known as the Saryu,as far as Belghat on the border of Gorakhpur. The river flows continually shifting cannel within a broad sandy bed. During the rains it carries as immense volume of water, but in dry weather it shrinks to small dimensions.


== Transportation ==
The river has a constant tendency to change its course during the floods, and in this manner large tracts of land from time to time are transferred either to the northern or southern banks, rendering the total area of the district subject to incessant variation. These changes have occasionally been accompanied by the formation of large islands and deep stream rule prevails, the constant shifting of the jurisdiction of such lands from one district to another results in considerable inconvenience.
[[File:Basti Railway Platform.jpg|thumb|Basti Railway Platform]]


=== By air ===
'''Tributaries of the Ghaghra''' --
[[Ayodhya Airport|Maryada Purushottam Shri Ram International Airport]] ([[Ayodhya]]) and [[Gorakhpur Airport]] are the nearby airports.


=== By railways ===
The Ghaghra receives directly hardly any of the drainage of the district, as exception the immediate neighborhood of its bands, all the surplus water is intercepted by its affiance. Occasionally the river overflows its banks and submerges the adjoining lowlands, with the result the water is actually transferred from the river to the Manwar or Kuwana. The latter, in its lower reaches near Bhanpur, is joined with the Ghaghra by cross channel and from that point onwards it acts as an arm of the Ghaghra.
[[Basti railway station]] lies on the main line connecting [[Lucknow]] with [[Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh|Gorakhpur]] and places in Bihar and Assam in the east passes through the south of the district. The main line has 7 railway stations which are, from east to west, Munderwa,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome – Munderwa |url=http://www.munderwa.in |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140711144408/http://munderwa.in/ |archive-date=11 July 2014 |access-date=4 October 2014}}</ref> Orwara, Basti, Govindnagar, Tinich, Gaur, and Babhnan within the district. Gorakhpur-Lucknow Vande Bharat Express and Amrit Bharat express has official stoppage at Basti railway station.


===The Kuwana===
=== By roadways ===
[[File:NH 28 passing near Basti.jpg|thumb|290px|right|NH 28 near [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]]]]
The Kuwana also known as Kuano, rises in the low ground in the east of Bahraich district and thence flows through the centre of Gonda. It first touches the district in the stream west of Rasulpur. It then separates the Basti east pargana from Basti West, Nagar West, Nagar East and after passing through Mahuli West and Mahuli East leaves the district in the south-Easter corner, at short distance from its junction with the Ghaghra in Gorakhpur.
Basti is well connected with the nearby cities of [[Faizabad]], [[Ayodhya]], [[Gorakhpur]] and [[Gonda, Uttar Pradesh|Gonda]].


There is a daily Intercity express between [[Gorakhpur]], [[Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti]], [[Ayodhya]], [[Gonda, Uttar Pradesh|Gonda]], and Lucknow. National Highway 2a part of the East West Corridor project of Government of India and [[National Highways Authority of India|NHAI]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Welcome to NHAI |url=http://www.nhai.org/nhdpmain_english.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075250/http://www.nhai.org/nhdpmain_english.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=25 July 2016}}</ref> also passes through Basti.
'''Tributaries of The Kuwana''' --


== Landmarks ==
It has several tributaries, the important ones being Rawai,Manwar and Katnehia.sees in the :
[[File:Bhadeshwar Nath Temple.jpg|thumb|Bhadeshwar Nath Temple Basti<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhadeshwer Nath {{!}} District Basti Government of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://basti.nic.in/tourist-place/bhadeshwer-nath/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810070422/https://basti.nic.in/tourist-place/bhadeshwer-nath/ |archive-date=10 August 2021 |access-date=10 August 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref>]]
* [[Amorha Khas]] is situated at a distance of 41&nbsp;km from the district headquarters. Its old name was Ambodha, and it was once a province (state) of Surajbansi Rajput Raja Zalim Singh. Zalim Singh's Mahal is here, Old wall of mahal is still there with the mark of a bullet used by the English. Also a temple [[Ramrekha Mandir]] is here.<ref name="google" /><ref name="google2" /><ref name="google3" />
* [[Chhawani]] is a police station and is situated at a distance of 40&nbsp;km from the district headquarters. It was the main shelter for Indian fighters during the 1857 mutiny.<ref name="basti.nic.inb"/>
* [[Vikramjot]] is a Block and small market of the Basti district 46&nbsp;km away from the headquarters of Basti district.
* [[Harraiya]] is one of the tehsils in Basti district and also a legislative assembly.
* [[Ramrekha Mandir]] is one Hindu Mandir of Lord Ram & Goddess Sita.<ref>{{Cite web |title=रामरेखा मेले में उमड़े श्रद्धालु, लगाई डुबकी,बोले-जय श्रीराम |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-12226638.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226073855/https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-12226638.html |archive-date=26 December 2017 |access-date=3 January 2019 |website=Dainik Jagran}}</ref>
* [[Makhauda Dham]] is a Hindu religious spot.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2014 |title=84 कोसी परिक्रमा के लिए अयोध्या से संतों का दल रवाना हुआ मखौड़ा धाम |url=https://www.patrika.com/faizabad-news/saints-team-leaves-ayodhya-for-84-kosi-circuit-in-makhauda-dham-1277418/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103170216/https://www.patrika.com/faizabad-news/saints-team-leaves-ayodhya-for-84-kosi-circuit-in-makhauda-dham-1277418/ |archive-date=3 January 2019 |access-date=3 January 2019 |website=www.patrika.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=पर्यटन मंत्रालय ने किया अमोढ़ा व मखौड़ा का सर्वे |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-13212125.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190103170216/https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-13212125.html |archive-date=3 January 2019 |access-date=3 January 2019 |website=Dainik Jagran}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=पौराणिक स्थलों का होगा विकास- Amarujala |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/basti/the-growth-of-mythological-sites |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120115804/http://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/basti/the-growth-of-mythological-sites |archive-date=20 January 2017 |access-date=3 January 2019 |website=Amar Ujala|language=hi}}</ref>


== Education ==
'''The rawai''' --
<!--Please DON'T add school names without an article on the English wikipedia. Notability only matters. Non-notable matters WILL BE IMMEDIATELY REMOVED-->
The Rawai joins the Kuwana on the right bank and is a small stream which rises in the north of Amorha and thence flows between steep and sandy banks frequently infected with reh, through the western half of paragana Basti for a short distance and ultimately joins the Kawana.
[[File:MVASMC Basti.jpg|thumb|Maharshi Vashishtha Autonomous State Medical College]]
The district has a medical college, [[Maharshi Vashishtha Autonomous State Medical College, Basti]], and an engineering college, Rajkiya Engineering College. The district follows a usual 10+2+3 pattern of education as elsewhere in India. Some notable schools and institutions of the district are :
* [[St. Basil's School]] (affiliated to [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations|CISCE]])
<!--Please DON'T add school names without an article on the English wikipedia. Notability only matters. Non-notable matters WILL BE IMMEDIATELY REMOVED-->


== Notable people ==
'''The Manwar''' --
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2023}}
The Manwar Manorama, rises in Gonda and flows in an easterly direction along the edge of Sikri forest to the district boundary. For a short distance it separates the latter district from Gonda and is then joined by the Chamnai, a small and sluggish stream. after the junction the Manwar bents to the south-east and flows through the centre of pargana Amorha, on the eastern boundary of which it receives a small tributary called Ramrekha on its right bank. It then passes through the two paraganas of Nagar East and Nagar West and joins the Kawana in Lalganj in Mahuli West.
Notable people from the district include:
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
* [[Arvind Kumar Chaudhary]] – former [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Basti (Lok Sabha constituency)]].
* [[Ram Prasad Chaudhary]] – former cabinet minister in UP Government.
* [[Harish Dwivedi]] – [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] member of parliament
* [[Jagdambika Pal]] – former chief minister of UP Government
* [[Sarveshwar Dayal Saxena]] – Hindi poet
* [[Brijesh Shandilya]] – playback singer
* [[Ramchandra Shukla]] – literary historian
* [[Obaid Siddiqi]] – biologist
* [[Raghvendra Pratap Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Raghvendra Pratap Singh]] – politician and a member of 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh
* [[Raj Kishor Singh]] – former UP cabinet minister
* [[Ran Bahadur Singh]] - freedom fighter and former MLA of [[Harraiya]]
* [[Yogendra Singh]] – sociologist
* [[Bhalchandra Yadava]] – former politician
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->


== See also ==
'''The Kathnaya''' --
* [[Sagra (Uttar Pradesh)|Sagra]]
The only tributary of any importance that is received by the Kuwana on its left bank is the Katnehia, which rises in the swamps to the north of Basti East and flows in the south easterly direction along the borders of the Nagar East, where it units with the Garehia, a similar stream which has its origin in the south of Rasulpur. Their combined water continues in a south easterly direction along the borders of Nagar East and Mahuli West parganas, then turning south to join the Kuwana at Mukhlishpur in Mahuli East.
* [[Mugraha, Uttar Pradesh|Mugraha]]
* [[Walterganj]]
* [[Sherwadeeh]]


== References ==
'''The Ami''' --
{{Reflist}}
The Ami is the chief tributary of the Rapti. The Ami is a stream which commences at a short distance from Rapti in Rasulpur and issues from a large tract of paddy land.


== External links ==
===Geology===
* [http://basti.nic.in/ Official website of Basti district]
The district is underlain by Quaternary alluvium comprising and of various grades, gravel, kankar and clay. The Alluvium can be classified into two groups, the Older alluvium and the Newer alluvium.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170930011413/https://munderwa.in/ Munderwa, Basti District]


{{Geographic location
'''Older alluvium''' --
| Centre = Basti district
It is of middle Pleistocene age and generally occupies high ground which is not affected by floods during the rainy season.
| North = [[Siddharthnagar district]]

| Northeast =
'''The Newer alluvium''' --
| East = [[Sant Kabir Nagar district]]
It covers the lower height and is mainly conferred to the flood plains along the river channels and belongs to the upper Pleistocene to the recent age.
| Southeast =

| South = [[Ambedkar Nagar district]]
'''Kankar''' --
| Southwest = [[Faizabad district]]
Substantial deposits of kankar are available in the tahsil of Harriya only.
| West = [[Gonda district]]

| Northwest =
'''Reh''' --
}}
Reh is also reported from some localities of the district.

===Climate===
Basti's [[climate]] is more equable than that of the adjoining districts to the south. The year may be divided into four seasons. Winter, from mid-November to February, is followed by summer, which lasts until approximately the middle of June. The period from mid-June to the end of September is the southwest [[monsoon]] season, and October to mid-November is the post-monsoon or transition period.

'''Cloudiness''' --
During the monsoon season, and for brief spells of a day or two in winter, heavily clouded or overcast skies prevail. During the rest of the year the skies are mostly clear or lightly clouded.

'''Rainfall''' --
The average annual rainfall of the district is 1166&nbsp;mm.

'''Temperature''' --
During the winter season the mean minimum temperature is about 9°C and the mean maximum temperature 23°C. During the summer, the mean minimum is about 25°C and the mean maximum about 44°C.

'''Humidity''' --
In the southwest monsoon and post-monsoon seasons the [[relative humidity]] is above 70%. Thereafter the humidity decreases, and in the summer the air is very dry.

'''Winds''' --
The winds are in general very light, with a slight increase during the late summer and monsoon seasons. The average annual wind speed ranges from 2.0 to 7.1&nbsp;km/h.

===Flora & Fauna===

'''Flora''' --

In the former days a large part of the district was covered with forest of sal and other trees, but since then most of it has been cleared and brought under the plough . Though the district is no longer rich in timber, it can still be described as well-wooded, owing to the numerous clumps of mango (Mangitera indica), mahua (Madhuca longifolia), sal (Sorea robusta), and bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea).

Plantations of fast growing species such as bamboo, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus teritrornis), mango and shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) have been raised in the district.

'''Fauna''' --

'''Wild Animals''' --
The wild animals which are found in this district include the nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), antelok (Anelok cervicapra), pig (Sus scrofa), wolf (Canis lupus), jackal (Conis aureus), fox (Vulpes bengalensis), hare (Lepus ruficandatus), monkey (Macaca mulatta), wild cat (felis bengalensis) and the porcupine (Hystric leucura) .

'''Birds''' --
The game - birds of the district include the usual varieties found through out the plains. Among them mention may be made of the peafowl(pavo cristatus), the black partridge (frencolinus francolinus) and the gray partridge(francalinus pondicervanus). Basti is famous for the number and variety of water fowls which visit it during the winter season. The goose (Anser anser), comon teal (Anas crecca), red-cristed pochard duck(netta rufina), white-eyed pochard (aythya rufa) and widgeon (mareca penelope) visit the district only in winter and inhabit the fringes of rivers lakes and swamps.

'''Reptiles''' --
Snakes are common in the district especially in the rural areas, the chief being the Cobra (Naja Naja), karait (Bungarus caeruleus), and rat-snake (ptyas mucosus). Indian crocodile or naka (Crocodilus pulustris), and the ghariyal (gavialis gangeticus) are also found in the river Ghaghra.

'''Fish''' --
Fish of almost all the varieties that occur elsewhere in the state are found in the rivers, lakes and ponds of the district, the common species being rohu (lebeo rohita), bhakur (Catla catla), nain (Cirrhina mrigala), parhin (Wallagonia attu), krunch (lebeo calbasu), tengan (Mystus seenghla) and etc.

==Administration==
Basti town is the district headquarters of Basti district. Basti district is a part of Basti Division. Basti district is formed of 3 Tehsils: Basti, Harriya and Sonaha Bhanpur, 13 Development Blocks, 139 Nyay Panchayats, and 10&nbsp;Gram Sabhas.

'''Tehsils of Basti''' --

Bahadurpur - Bankati - Basti - Dubauliya - Gaur - Harraiya - Kaptanganj - Kudaraha - Paras Rampur - Ramnagar - Rudauli - Saltaua Gopal Pur - Sau Ghat - Vikram Jot

==Economy==
The district is famous for cotton textile. There are many small scale industries which offer employment to the local people. Sugar factories, cottage industries and small scale industries including the manufacturing units of brassware, iron and carpentry goods, agricultural implements, bricks, agro-products, foot-wear, soaps, candles, and pottery are present here. Basti is also famous nationally for Bamboo, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Teritrornis), Mango and Shisham (Dalbergia Sissoo). Three sugar factories are housed in the district. Sugarcane , maize, paddy, pulses, wheat, barley and potato are commonly cultivated.

==Transportation==
'''By Rail''' --
The main line connecting Lucknow with Gorakhpur and places in Bihar and Assam in the East passes through the south of the district. The main line has 6 railway stations namely, from east to west Munderwa, Orwara, Basti, Govindnagar,Tinich and Gaur within the district.

'''By Road''' --
Basti is well connected by rail and road. At present 200 (approx.) buses of U.P. state Transport Corporation are plying on 27 routes within the district.

==Culture & Festivals==
Mahatma Kabir, the well known poet and philosopher used to live at Maghar in Basti district. The inhabitants of the district celebrate festivals like Nav Durga, Ramnaumi, Krishna Janmasthmi, Shivratri, Deepawali, Id-ul-Fitar, Id-uz-Zuha, Moharram, Dashara and Holi.

==Places of interest==
===Tourist Attractions===
Ganeshpur, Makhauda, Chawni Bazar, Nagar, Chando Tal, Barah, Bhadeshwar Nath, Paida, Bhuila taal,dihwa(jaitapur)and Agauna are the major tourist attractions.

===Some Other Places===
A famous temple of Lord Shiva is situated at Tilakpur. The village Tilakpur is very known for its spirituality. Near the Tilakpur, there is a village named Marha, which is popular for its corn production.

There is a famous temple of Durga ji Known as Sammymahrani at shringinari near the village Vasewa Pandey (Harriya Tahshil).In this village all Brahmins are Pandey.It is popular for sugarcane & wheat production.Every year, a fair is held here named Budhwamangar.

Many villages, including Tikariya, Udaipur, Kanraha, Marha and Kawalpur, have large populations of [[Rajput]]s. In Tikariya, the Sooryavanshi Rajpoots and in Marha Vishen live. Saandpur and Bachaipur Bakainiya deep have many [[Brahmin]], Gauriya and Khatamsarai have many [[Yadav caste|Yadavs]]. All these villages are situated on the Basti, Gonda, Faizabad border.

===Details of Places===

'''Ganeshpur'''

Ganeshpur is a biggest village of Basti City and second biggest village of State Uttar Pradesh.The village of Ganeshpur is situated at a distance of about 5&nbsp;km. north-west from the district head quarters and at the bank of River [[Kuwano]]. The village Ganeshpur was the head quarters of a large permanently settle estate known as Pindari Jagir. It was originally owned by a branch of the Nagar Gautam , who fortified the place with a ditch, a mud wall, a thick bamboo hedge. After the cession, they fell into arrears of revenue and in 1811-12 the property was sold to the hand of Biwi Moti Khanam by the British government. In 1818 it had again to be sold for default of non payment of revenue, the defaulter was being Biwi Moti Khanam, the government therefore bought it for Rs. 8343/- and bestowed it on Quadir Buksh, a turbulent solder in the army of Amin Khan [[Pindari]].

'''Makhauda'''

Makhauda is situated at about 57&nbsp;km. west from the district headquarters. This place is famous for as being Ramayana's period. King Dashrath was ruled on this part known as Koshal. In Makhauda King Dashratha was orgeniged Putreshiti Yagayn for birth of Ram Chandra.
It is also very famous for being importance palace where hindu and muslim meet every year to develop the peace and harmony for the both society because some anti social elements tried the dmamge this harmonieal atmoshphere during demolishing the desputed tomb in Ayodhya.

Ram Swarath Yadav,
Village Sadsi (Makhora)Basti

'''Horticulture R&D Training Centre'''

Horticulture R&D Training Centre was established in 1956-57 in this district to promote horticultural development in eastern belt of U.P. The research and extension works for the development of important fruits, vegetables, species and ornamental plants, are being performed at this centre. The collection of important fruits of India are being also done at this centre. A Mushroom spawn production laboratory is under construction here, through which high quality mushroom seed will be produced and supply to producers. Bee keeping training is also imparted to farmers. The general variety mangos including Amrapali, Romani and Neelam plants are internationally important plants of this centre, which are being supplied to other district of the country.

'''Chawni Bazar'''

Chawni Bazar is situated at a distance of 40&nbsp;km from the district headquarters. It was the main shelter for freedom struggle during 1857 and is famous for having a Pipal Trees where about 250 martyrs were hanged by British Government in action after murder of Gen. Fort.

'''Nagar'''

The village is situated at a distance of about 8&nbsp;km from the district headquarters. To the west of the village is the large lake known as Chando tal, famous for fishing and shooting. Nagar stands on the raised site, and an attempt was once made to prove that it was the birth place of Gautam Buddha. Though this has long been discredited, the old mud still awaits exploration. From the 14 century the place became the headquarters of the Guatam Rajas, the remains of whose castle are still to be seen.

'''Chando Tal'''

Chando Tal is situated at about 8&nbsp;km from the district headquarters on the way to Kalwari. It is believed that, in ancient time there was an estate named Chandra Nagar which had been later converted into lake as a result of natural degradation and became the famous Chando Tal. It is a stretch of water about 5&nbsp;km long and 4&nbsp;km. wide. Around this lake, fishermen and others are still getting an ornaments made of metal and other historical residues belongs to ancient period. Indigenous and migratory birds are used to come to this lake every year.

'''Rashtriya Van Chetna Kendra (Sant Ravi Das Van Vahar)'''

Van Vihar is established on the bank of river Kuwana on the way to Ganeshpur village at a distance of about 1&nbsp;km from the district headquarters. There is a attractive children park and lake has been established by the Government as a picnic spot. Boating is also available at this place in lake as well as in river Kuwana. Generally during holidays and on Sundays there is more rush in comparison to other days of the week.

'''Barah Chhatar'''

Barah is situated at a distance of about 15&nbsp;km on the bank of river Kuwana, west from the district headquarters also. This place is mainly famous for Barah temple. Barah Chhatar is popularly known as Viyagrapuri in mythological books. This place is also famous for a mythological place of Lord Shiva.

'''Bhadeshwar Nath'''

Bhadeshwar Nath is situated at a distance of about 5–6&nbsp;km. on a bank of river kuwana from the district headquarters. There is a famous temple of Lord Shiva. It was believed that this temple was established by Ravana. A fair is held here on the occasion of Shivratri, which is attended by many people from different part of the state. A Great shiva linga is mounted in this great temple. The Name of this Shiva linga & Bhadreshwar nath is also written in SHIVA MAHAPURAN. Village Bhadreshwar nath are mostly populated by brahmins Goswamis. The population of this village is around 500.

'''Agauna'''

Agauna is famous for being the birth place of famous Hindi literature Sri Ram Chandra Shukla. This place is situated on the way to Ram Janki Marg from the district headquarters.

'''Paida'''

Paida is situated at a distance of about 14&nbsp;km on the way to Siddharth Nagar from district headquarters. Freedon struggle had been fought at this place as such freedom fighter monuments is also erected there, thus this place is mainly popular for freedom struggle. A park is also established by the Horticulture department here.

'''Jagdishpur'''

This is the post office of village Karmiya pin-272130, Jagdishpur is a good and small place it is situated at a distance of 3&nbsp;km. from the village Karmiya. Jagdishpur was sub state in the British Government.

'''Shrinagginari'''

It is situated at a distance of 5&nbsp;km. from the Karmiya. A very old Temple situated at this place and every Tuesday there use to be a small fair.

'''Parashurampur'''

It is a small town situated at 10&nbsp;km. from village Karmiya. Post office, Hospital, Kishan inter collage, Girl degree collage, Thana, Block, State bank of India, Central bank of India, Jila shakari bank basti located at this place.
""Bhuila taal & dihwa(jaitapur)""
It (bhuila taal)is a small lake situated 27&nbsp;km from district HQ in the village of jaitapur.The lake is famous for migrant siberian birds in the months of winter which makes the place very beatiful picnic spot.while dihwa is a remnents of small fort of the rulers of this place ,which lies beside the lake bhuila taal.very old shiv temple situated at dihwa.
'''KARMI:'''
A small village of Brahmin aproximate 7 KM. east from Gaur and 3 KM. west from Tinich (Ama). Karmi is situated between Sultanpur village and Belwaria village under Harriya Tehsil,P.S Gaur and P.O Shivpur.


'''Sukrauli Pande'''

It is a village situated at 43&nbsp;km from the basti headquarters.It is known as a village of brahmins.
This village is famous in whole district due to a great personality,a great leader '''Pandit Shree SukhPal Pandey.'''
Shree SukhPal Pandey was the State Minister For Road Transport And Highways since 1997 to 2002.
South side of this village there is a river known as '''MANORAMA.'''Bank of this river has a great peepul tree which is more than 200 years old.In summer session people come here to enjoy with the shadow of tree.Under this tree the whole area is floored.
In the morning many people come here for bath and worship as it has temples.
In this village a great hospital was constructed by Shree Sukhpal Pandey in 1997.Availability of doctors is 24 hours in this hospital.This village is surrounded by mainly three markets Rajwapur,Jagdishpur and kohrayein.

MANJHERIYA:It is the small village situated at 5&nbsp;km away from basti.Its population is 500. ==References==
{{reflist}}
* [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V07_130.gif Basti District] ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', 1908, v. 7, ''p.&nbsp;124-132''.

==References==
{{reflist}}
* [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V07_130.gif Basti District] ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', 1908, v. 7, ''p.&nbsp;124-132''.

==External links==
* [http://basti.nic.in Official Website of Basti (U.P.)Administration]
* [http://mahuadabar.blogspot.com/2010/01/discovery-of-mahua-dabar.html DISCOVERY OF MAHUA DABAR (BAHADURPUR BLOCK, BASTI)]
* [http://cgwb.gov.in/NR/hydro/dist56.pdf Introduction BASTI DISTRICT]
* [http://ict.agri.net.in/DistrictSumm.aspx?dnm=504 Agriculture Basti]
* [http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/uttarpradesh/districts/basti.htm Basti District Map]
* [http://www.allahabadhighcourt.in/District/Basti.htm District Court of Basti]
* [http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=1995;volume=43;issue=3;spage=143;epage=149;aulast=Kumar eye care - pilot projects in Basti]
* [http://www.indiastudychannel.com/india/pincodes/Districts-509-Basti.aspx Pincodes and Post Offices in Basti District]
* [http://www.kltcollege.org/management.html Kisan L.T. Training College, Basti]
* [http://stbasilschool.blogspot.com/ St. Basil School, Basti]


{{Basti district}}
{{Basti district}}
{{Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Authority control}}
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{{Coord|27|15|N|83|00|E|region:IN_type:adm2nd|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Basti District}}
[[Category:Basti district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Basti district]]
[[Category:1865 establishments in India]]

[[ca:Districte de Basti]]
[[gu:બસ્તી]]
[[hi:बस्ती जिला]]
[[bpy:বাস্তি]]
[[it:Distretto di Basti]]
[[nl:Basti (district)]]
[[ne:बस्ती जिल्ला]]
[[new:बस्ति]]
[[no:Basti (distrikt)]]
[[ru:Басти (округ)]]
[[sv:Basti (distrikt)]]
[[vi:Basti]]

Latest revision as of 07:38, 4 December 2024

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Basti, Uttar Pradesh.

Basti district
District of Uttar Pradesh
Location of Basti district in Uttar Pradesh
Location of Basti district in Uttar Pradesh
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
DivisionBasti
HeadquartersBasti
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesBasti
 • MPRam Prasad Chaudhary[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total
2,688 km2 (1,038 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
2,464,464
 • Density920/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
Language
 • OfficialHindi[3]
 • Additional officialUrdu[3]
 • Regional languagesAwadhi
Demographics
 • Literacy67.2 per cent
 • Sex ratio963[2]
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationUP-51
Major highwaysNational Highway 28
Average annual precipitation1166 mm
Websitebasti.nic.in

Basti district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India, and a part of Basti Division. Basti city is the district headquarters.

The district is bordered by Sant Kabir Nagar to the east and Gonda to the west. To the south, the Ghaghara River forms its boundary with Faizabad and Ambedkar Nagar, while to the north, it shares its boundary with Siddharth Nagar district. The district covers an area of 2,688 square kilometers.[4]

Origin of name and history

[edit]

Basti was originally known as Vaishishthi.[5] The origin of the name Vaishishthi is attributed to the fact that this area was the ashram of Rishi (sage) Vashistha in ancient period. Rama with his younger brother Lakshmana are described in the Ramayana as living with Rishi Vashistha for a period.[citation needed]

The district was formerly a major centre of Buddhism, being close to the holy sites of Kapilavastu and Shravasti. British records then claim that after the decline of Buddhism, the district gradually became covered by jungle and was the home of the Bhars and Tharus. The tract comprising the present district was remote and much of it was covered with forest. But gradually the area became inhabitable, for want of recorded and reliable history it cannot, with any degree of certainty, be said how the district came to be known by its present name :

“On account of the original habitation (Basti) having been selected by the Kalhans Raja Udai Raj Singh as a seat of his Raj, an event which probably occurred in the 15th century. In 1801, Basti became the Tehsil headquarters and in 1865 it was chosen as the headquarters of the newly established district. Raja Udai Raj Singh was the first ruler of Kalhans dynasty based at Basti.[6]”

In 1801, the town Basti became a tehsil headquarter, and in 1865, it was chosen as the headquarters of the newly established Basti district of Gorakhpur Commissionary.[7] Specifically, it happened on 6 May 1865.[8]

At first, the plan was to use the Rapti and Jamuwar rivers as the boundary between Basti and Gorakhpur districts, but this plan was abandoned.[8] Instead, the boundary cut across existing parganas, with a few areas east of the Jamuwar becoming part of Basti district, while the eastern parts of Maghar and Binayakpur parganas remained in Gorakhpur district.[8] New tehsils were established, and most of the original 8 parganas were split into two, for a new total of 13 parganas.[8] Subordinate to the parganas were 131 tappas, which were of significant administrative significance.[8] The resulting setup was the following:

Amorha Khas is a historical place situated at a distance of 41 km from the district headquarters. Its old name is Ambodha, and it was once a province (state) of Raja Zalim Singh. Raja Zalim Singh's Mahal is here, old wall of mahal is still there with the mark of a bullet used by the English. The famous temple Ramrekha Mandir is here.[citation needed]

In the Great Revolt of 1857, about 250 martyrs of Amorha State were hanged by the British Government from peepal trees located at Chhawani.[9][10][11][12]

Geography

[edit]

The district lies between the parallels of 26° 23' and 27° 30' North Latitude and 82° 17' and 83° 20' East longitude. Its maximum length from north to south is about 75 km. and breadth from east to west about 70 km. The district lies between newly created district Sant Kabir Nagar on the east and Gonda on the west on the south, the Ghaghra river near Amorha Khas previously known as Amorha Province or State of Raja Zalim Singh separates it from the Ayodhya and newly created district Ambedkar Nagar. On the north it is bounded by district Sidharth Nagar.[13][14][15]

Flora and fauna

[edit]

The forest cover of the district has dwindled with increasing use of land for agriculture. There are areas with high prevalence of mango (Mangifera indica), mahua (Madhuca longifolia), sal (Shorea robusta), and bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) trees. Some of the wild animals of the district are the nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), antelok (Anelok cervicapra), pig (Sus scrofa), wolf (Canis lupus), jackal (Conis aureus), fox (Vulpes bengalensis), hare (Lepus ruficandatus), monkey (Macaca mulatta), wild cat (Felis bengalensis) and the porcupine (Hystric leucura). Several species of game birds are also seen, including the peafowl (Pavo cristatus), the black partridge (Frencolinus francolinus) and the grey partridge (Francalinus pondicervanus). A number of migratory water fowls visit the water bodies of the district in winter, such as the goose (Anser anser), common teal (Anas crecca), red-crested pochard (Netta rufina), white-eyed pochard (Aythya rufa) and the wigeon (Mareca penelope). The cobra (Naja naja), krait (Bungarus caeruleus), and rat-snake (Ptyas mucosus) are commonly found. The Indian crocodile or naka (Crocodylus palustris), and the ghariyal (Gavialis gangeticus) are also found in the river Ghaghra. The common fish species are rohu (Lebeo rohita), bhakur (Catla catla), nain (Cirrhina mrigala), parhin (Wallagonia attu), krunch (Labeo calbasu), and tengan (Mystus seenghala).[16]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901656,285—    
1911650,693−0.09%
1921684,396+0.51%
1931738,712+0.77%
1941776,969+0.51%
1951848,764+0.89%
19611,010,706+1.76%
19711,142,299+1.23%
19811,366,434+1.81%
19911,686,327+2.13%
20012,084,814+2.14%
20112,464,464+1.69%
source:[17]
Religions in Basti district (2011)[18]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 84.52%
Islam
 
 14.79%
Buddhism
 
 0.40%
Other or not stated
 
 0.29%

According to the 2011 census, Basti district had a population of 2,464,464.[19] This ranked it the 178th most populous district in India. The district had a population density of 917 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,380/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 18.21%. Basti had a sex ratio of 963 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.22%. The child sex ratio of Basti was 922 females for every 1000 males. 5.60% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes make up 20.85% and 0.15% of the population respectively.[19]

Languages

[edit]

Languages of Basti district (2011)[20]

  Hindi (80.25%)
  Awadhi (14.29%)
  Bhojpuri (3.21%)
  Urdu (2.14%)
  Others (0.11%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 80.25% of the population in the district spoke Hindi, 14.29% Awadhi, 3.21% Bhojpuri and 2.14% Urdu as their first language.[20]

The district Basti may be considered as along the border of Awadhi and Bhojpuri speaking regions, and the dialect is consequently a mix of both. In cities and urban areas, due to increase in the educated population, Hindi is also spoken in daily conversations.[21]

Indian diaspora

[edit]

During the mid 1800s to the early 1900s many people from the district of Basti migrated through the Indian indenture system to Fiji, Mauritius, South Africa, Guyana, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname, and other Caribbean countries. Most of them stayed and carried their traditions in those then European colonies.[22] The former President of Guyana, Cheddi Jagan's parents were from Basti district.[23] Former Leader of the Opposition of Trinidad and Tobago and founder of the Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha, Bhadase Sagan Maraj's paternal grandparents were from Basti district.[24] The maternal great-great-great grandparents and maternal great-great-grandfather of Irfaan Ali, the President of Guyana, were from Basti district as well. In Trinidad, the name of the Indian majority village, Basta Hall, is derived from Basti.[25]

Medical services and hospitals

[edit]

Administration

[edit]

Basti town is the district headquarters of the district.[16] Basti district, a part of Basti division, is formed of four tehsils: Basti Sadar, Harraiya, Bhanpur and Rudhauli and 14 development blocks,[27] 139 Nyay Panchayats, two Parganas named Amorha and Nagar as well as 10 Gram Sabhas. The development blocks included are:

  • Amorha (Pargana)
  • Nagar (Pargana)
  • Basti
  • Bahadurpur
  • Bankati
  • Dubauliya
  • Gaur
  • Harraiya (Tahsil)
  • Kaptanganj
  • Kudaraha
  • ParasRampur
  • Ramnagar
  • Rudhauli (Tehsil)
  • Saltaua Gopal Pur
  • Sau Ghat
  • Vikram Jot

Economy

[edit]

The district is noted for its cotton textiles and sugar industries. Cottage industries and small-scale industries including the manufacturing units of brassware, iron and carpentry goods, agricultural implements, bricks, agro-products, foot-wear, soaps, candles, and pottery are present here. Basti is also known for its bamboo, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus teritrornis), mango and shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) populations. Four sugar factories are housed in the district. Sugarcane, maize, paddy, pulses, wheat, barley, and potato are commonly cultivated. Most of the population depends for their livelihood on agricultural practices. The district is well-connected through NH 28 which reflects on its good economy. The city is well-connected through railways also. [citation needed]

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Basti one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[28] It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[28] City is also known for nationwide youth organisation National Association of Youth founded by Bhavesh Kumar Pandey and run from Basti.[29] The organisation organizes Basti Mini Marathon every year since 2012.

Transportation

[edit]
Basti Railway Platform

By air

[edit]

Maryada Purushottam Shri Ram International Airport (Ayodhya) and Gorakhpur Airport are the nearby airports.

By railways

[edit]

Basti railway station lies on the main line connecting Lucknow with Gorakhpur and places in Bihar and Assam in the east passes through the south of the district. The main line has 7 railway stations which are, from east to west, Munderwa,[30] Orwara, Basti, Govindnagar, Tinich, Gaur, and Babhnan within the district. Gorakhpur-Lucknow Vande Bharat Express and Amrit Bharat express has official stoppage at Basti railway station.

By roadways

[edit]
NH 28 near Basti

Basti is well connected with the nearby cities of Faizabad, Ayodhya, Gorakhpur and Gonda.

There is a daily Intercity express between Gorakhpur, Basti, Ayodhya, Gonda, and Lucknow. National Highway 2a part of the East West Corridor project of Government of India and NHAI,[31] also passes through Basti.

Landmarks

[edit]
Bhadeshwar Nath Temple Basti[32]
  • Amorha Khas is situated at a distance of 41 km from the district headquarters. Its old name was Ambodha, and it was once a province (state) of Surajbansi Rajput Raja Zalim Singh. Zalim Singh's Mahal is here, Old wall of mahal is still there with the mark of a bullet used by the English. Also a temple Ramrekha Mandir is here.[10][11][12]
  • Chhawani is a police station and is situated at a distance of 40 km from the district headquarters. It was the main shelter for Indian fighters during the 1857 mutiny.[9]
  • Vikramjot is a Block and small market of the Basti district 46 km away from the headquarters of Basti district.
  • Harraiya is one of the tehsils in Basti district and also a legislative assembly.
  • Ramrekha Mandir is one Hindu Mandir of Lord Ram & Goddess Sita.[33]
  • Makhauda Dham is a Hindu religious spot.[34][35][36]

Education

[edit]
Maharshi Vashishtha Autonomous State Medical College

The district has a medical college, Maharshi Vashishtha Autonomous State Medical College, Basti, and an engineering college, Rajkiya Engineering College. The district follows a usual 10+2+3 pattern of education as elsewhere in India. Some notable schools and institutions of the district are :

Notable people

[edit]

Notable people from the district include:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2461.htm [bare URL]
  2. ^ a b "District Basti". National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India. Archived from the original on 10 August 2018. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  3. ^ a b "52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
  4. ^ "District Basti Government of Uttar Pradesh | Acharya Ram Chandra Shukla | India". Retrieved 20 October 2024.
  5. ^ "Where is Basti, Information about Basti, Where is Basti Located in Uttar Pradesh, India". 27 February 2017. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  6. ^ Rizavī, Saiyada Najamula Razā (2004). Zamindars and Revenue Farmers of Eastern Uttar Pradesh: From Mughal to Colonial Rule. Anamika Publishers & Distributors. p. 46. ISBN 978-81-7975-053-7. Archived from the original on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 6 September 2018. Retrieved 8 June 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ a b c d e Nevill, H.R. (1907). Basti: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XXXII of the District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra And Oudh. Allahabad: Government Press. pp. 112–4, 164. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  9. ^ a b "Places of Interest". basti.nic.in. Archived from the original on 29 June 2016. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  10. ^ a b Thomas, D. (1998). Battles and Honours of the Royal Navy. Leo Cooper. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-85052-623-3. Archived from the original on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  11. ^ a b Benett, W.C. (1878). The final settlement report on the Gonda district. Vol. 23. p. 22. Archived from the original on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  12. ^ a b Michael, B.A. (2014). Statemaking and Territory in South Asia: Lessons from the Anglo–Gorkha War (1814–1816). Anthem Press. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-78308-322-0. Archived from the original on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  13. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. ^ "Yahoo maps location of Basti". Yahoo maps. Archived from the original on 13 March 2009. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
  15. ^ Thomas, David (17 December 1998). Battles & Honours of Royal Navy. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-0-85052-623-3. Retrieved 25 July 2016 – via Google Books.
  16. ^ a b "Origin of name". Basti Govt. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2014.
  17. ^ "Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901". Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
  18. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  19. ^ a b "District Census Handbook: Basti" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  20. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  21. ^ Gopeshwar Tripathi, ed. (2009). "Bhojpuri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  22. ^ http://girmit.org/?page_id=1242 [dead link‍]
  23. ^ https://jagan.org/Biography/CJ Bio/cj_biography4.html
  24. ^ "Bharati". 7 November 2014.
  25. ^ "At Home In Trinidad". MANAS. Archived from the original on 19 September 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  26. ^ "GMC Basti Medical College". asmcbasti.edu.in. Archived from the original on 19 February 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  27. ^ "शुभम नगर चंगेरवा बना जनपद का 15वां ब्लाक". Archived from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
  28. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  29. ^ "NAY". Archived from the original on 13 January 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  30. ^ "Welcome – Munderwa". Archived from the original on 11 July 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
  31. ^ "Welcome to NHAI". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  32. ^ "Bhadeshwer Nath | District Basti Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  33. ^ "रामरेखा मेले में उमड़े श्रद्धालु, लगाई डुबकी,बोले-जय श्रीराम". Dainik Jagran. Archived from the original on 26 December 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  34. ^ "84 कोसी परिक्रमा के लिए अयोध्या से संतों का दल रवाना हुआ मखौड़ा धाम". www.patrika.com. 7 June 2014. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  35. ^ "पर्यटन मंत्रालय ने किया अमोढ़ा व मखौड़ा का सर्वे". Dainik Jagran. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  36. ^ "पौराणिक स्थलों का होगा विकास- Amarujala". Amar Ujala (in Hindi). Archived from the original on 20 January 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
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27°15′N 83°00′E / 27.250°N 83.000°E / 27.250; 83.000

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