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{{Short description|Image organizer for macOS}}
{{other uses|Aperture (disambiguation)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox Software
{{Infobox Software
| developer = [[Apple Inc.]]
| developer = [[Apple Inc.]]
| programming language = [[Objective-C]]
| logo = [[Image:Aperture Icon.png|64px|64px|Apple Aperture]]
| logo = Aperture Icon.png
| screenshot = [[Image:Apple Aperture.png|270px|Aperture]]
| screenshot = Apple Aperture.jpg
| caption = Aperture 3, demonstrating preset tool in full screen mode
| caption = Aperture 3 running on [[OS X Mavericks]]
| latest release version = 3.1.2
| latest release date = {{release date and age|2011|3|23}}
| released = {{Start date and age|2005|11|30}}
| latest release version = 3.6
| operating system = [[Mac OS X]]
| latest release date = {{start date and age|2014|10|16}}
| genre = Photo post-production
| discontinued = yes
| license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]
| operating system = [[macOS]]
| website = [http://www.apple.com/aperture/ Apple Aperture Homepage]
| genre = [[Image organizer]], [[image editor]]
| license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]
| website = {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407001931/http://www.apple.com/aperture/|date=April 7, 2015 |title=Homepage}}
| name =
}}
}}


'''Aperture''' is<!--Do ''not'' change to "was". See [[MOS:TENSE]], the opening sentence for software articles is written in present tense, even if discontinued.--> a discontinued professional [[image organizer]] and [[Image editing|editor]] developed by [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] between 2005 and 2015 for the [[Mac (computer)|Mac]], as a professional alternative to [[iPhoto]].
'''Aperture''' is a [[photo editing software|photo editing]] and [[digital asset management|management]] [[software program]] that was developed by [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] for the [[Mac OS X]] operating system, first released in 2005 for $499(all prices are in USD), dropped to $199<ref>{{cite web|last=Heid |first=Jim |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/48600/2005/12/aperture.html |title=Macworld Aperture 1.0.1 Review |publisher=Macworld.com |date=2005-12-26 |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>, and now released on their App Store for $80<ref>{{cite web|url=http://itunes.apple.com/nl/app/aperture/id408981426?mt=12 |title=Aperture in de Mac App Store |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date= |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>. The software handles a number of tasks common in [[post-production]] work such as importing and organizing image files, applying corrective adjustments, displaying [[slideshow]]s, and printing photographs.


Aperture is a [[Non-linear editing|non-destructive editor]] that can handle a number of tasks common in [[post-production]] work, such as importing and organizing image files, applying adjustments, and printing or exporting photographs. It can organize photos by keywords, [[Facial recognition system|facial recognition]], and location data embedded in image files, it offers brushes for applying effects such as [[dodging and burning|dodge and burn]], skin smoothing, and polarization, and it can export to Flickr, Facebook,<!-- don't link, [[MOS:SEAOFBLUE]] --> [[SmugMug]], and [[iCloud]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kenrockwell.com/apple/aperture.htm |title=Apple Aperture 3 Review and User Guide by Ken Rockwell |website=kenrockwell.com |date=November 12, 2011 |access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/software/graphics-and-media-software/image-editing-software/apple-aperture-3-678985/review |title=Apple Aperture 3 review |website=TechRadar |publisher=Future US |date=March 27, 2010 |access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/apple/2010/05/ars-reviews-aperture-3/ |title=Aperture 3: The Ars Review |website=[[Ars Technica]] |publisher=[[Condé Nast]] |date=March 18, 2010 |access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://technologyformedia.wordpress.com/2013/02/13/aperture-vs-lightroom-lightroom-vs-aperture-aperture-4/ |title=Lightroom vs Aperture – all the Features Compared |website=technologyformedia.wordpress.com |publisher=[[WP:SPS|Self-published]] |date=February 13, 2013 |access-date=November 5, 2013}}</ref>
Features of Aperture include [[non-destructive editing]], organization of photographs by keyword, faces (using [[face detection]] and [[face recognition|recognition]]), and places (using [[GPS]] [[metadata]] embedded in image files), brushes for applying effects (such as [[dodge and burn]], skin smoothing, and polarization), and exporting to several popular websites, including [[Flickr]], [[Facebook]], [[SmugMug]], and Apple's [[MobileMe]] service.


At [[WWDC]] 2014, Apple announced that its [[Photos (Apple)|Photos]] app would replace Aperture and [[iPhoto]]. The final release of Aperture, version 3.6, was released in October 2014, and subsequently discontinued and removed from sale on April 8, 2015.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |first=Roger |last=Fingas |url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/15/04/10/aperture-iphoto-disappear-from-mac-app-store-following-photos-debut |title=Aperture, iPhoto disappear from Mac App Store following Photos debut |website=AppleInsider |date=April 10, 2015}}</ref> Although support for [[32-bit computing|32-bit]] apps, including Aperture, was removed in [[macOS Catalina]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://petapixel.com/2019/04/30/apple-aperture-wont-work-anymore-after-macos-mojave|title=Apple Aperture Won't Work Anymore After macOS Mojave|publisher=PetaPixel|date=Apr 30, 2019}}</ref> a patch created by an external party allows Aperture 3.6 to function on newer versions of macOS.<ref name="Retroactive"/>
Aperture 3, the latest version of the software, was released on February 9, 2010 and runs on [[Intel|Intel-based]] [[Macintosh|Mac]] computers. It is sold for $199 in the retail box. On January 6th 2011, Apple announced its availability for $79.99 on the new Mac App Store<ref>{{cite web|url=http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/aperture/id408981426?mt=12 |title=Aperture on the App Store |publisher=Itunes.apple.com |date=2011-01-05 |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>.


==Features==
==Features==
Apple Aperture is a professional photo editing and management application that offers a variety of features for professional photographers. One of its key features is complete support for importing and exporting [[Raw image format|raw image formats]], for supported cameras. It also offers tethered shooting support for [[Digital single-lens reflex camera|DSLRs]] made by [[Nikon]] and [[Canon Inc.|Canon]]; when photographers connect these cameras to their computers, they can be instantly imported without user action, for a more efficient workflow.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aperture 3: Tips on tethered shooting |url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4176 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223074629/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4176 |archive-date=February 23, 2014 |access-date=April 16, 2011 |website=Apple |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]]}}</ref> The app's Raw Fine Tuning feature allows users to manage and adjust the conversion parameters of different versions of RAW decode. In addition, Aperture allows users to choose whether to keep their master image files in place on their filesystem, or migrate them into the Aperture library upon import.
*Complete [[Raw image format]] support from import to output.
*Master image files (RAW or otherwise) may be kept in place on import or migrated into the Aperture library.
*RAW Fine Tune, allowing version of RAW decode to be managed over time and conversion parameters adjusted.
*Many image adjustment tools including specific color retouching, a luminance based edge sharpener, and spot repair.
*Lens correction tools, such as chromatic aberration.
*Project management, with extensive metadata and searching support.
*Autostacking, a way to group photos based on the time between shutter clicks.
*Stacks (for grouping photos) and Versions (for making multiple working copies of the same image).
*Multiple display spanning.
*Loupe, allowing viewing of images at zooms from 50% to 1600%.
*Light Table, a type of freeform workspace.
*Native support of the [[Adobe Photoshop]] PSD, [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]], [[JPG]] and [[TIFF]] formats.
*Nondestructive image editing.
*Customizable printing and publishing.
*Supports importing from USB and Firewire memory card readers or directly from a camera connected via USB.
*Ability to simultaneously zoom and pan multiple images.
*Read and write support for [[IPTC Information Interchange Model|IPTC]] image metadata.
*Heavily customizable book creation.
*Web gallery and blog creation, uploadable via [[FTP]] or [[Webdav]].
*Full-featured full-screen mode, for editing and sorting images.


Aperture also offers a range of image adjustment tools, including specific color retouching, a luminance-based edge sharpener, and spot repair. It also has lens correction tools, such as [[chromatic aberration]] correction, to help improve the overall quality of an image. In terms of project management, Aperture offers extensive metadata and searching support, as well as the ability to group photos using autostacking based on the time between shutter clicks.
==Aperture 2.0==
Aperture 2.0 was released on February 12, 2008 with a reduced US price of $199.<ref>{{cite web|last=Juskalian |first=Russ |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/132459/2008/03/aperture2.html |title=Macworld Aperture 2 Review |publisher=Macworld.com |date=2008-03-12 |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref> This can be compared with the $499 price tag of version 1.0.


Aperture offers a number of features for organizing and managing photos. Autostacking groups photos based on the time between shutter clicks; users can also manually group photos into Stacks, and create multiple working copies of the same image using the Versions feature. The loupe tool allows users to view images at zoom levels from 50% to 1600%, while the Light Table feature serves as a freeform workspace for sorting and selecting images. Aperture also offers the ability to simultaneously zoom and pan multiple images to compare them. It supports a full-screen move for editing and sorting images, and can span multiple computer displays.
*Streamlined interface.
*Enhanced performance due to database optimizations and interface improvements.
*Enhanced image processing with updated RAW support.
*Improved integration with Mac OS X, MobileMe and various software packages including iLife and iWork.
*Support for editing plug-ins, including Apple's own [[dodging and burning]] tool (Aperture 2.1).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apple.com/aperture/resources/plugins.html |title=Aperture - Resources - Plug-ins |publisher=Apple.com |date= |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>


In addition to its native support for the [[Adobe Photoshop]] PSD, [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]], [[JPEG]], and [[TIFF]] formats, Aperture offers [[Non-linear editing|nondestructive]] image editing, customizable printing and publishing options, and the ability to import photos from [[USB]] and [[IEEE 1394|FireWire]] memory card readers or directly from a camera connected via USB. It also has read and write support for [[IPTC Information Interchange Model|IPTC]] image metadata and customizable book creation tools. Finally, Aperture has a heavily customizable book creation feature, as well as the ability to create web galleries and blogs that can be uploaded via [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]] or [[WebDAV]].
==Aperture 3.0==
Aperture 3.0 was released on February 9, 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/apple-releases-aperture-3-83877837.html |title=Apple Press Statement |location=California |publisher=Prnewswire.com |date= |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>, and is the first version of Aperture to require an Intel based Macintosh computer (previous versions could use PowerPC based systems). Apple claims more than 200 new features are included in version 3.0 and cites the main enhancements as follows:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apple.com/aperture/features |title=Apple's feature list |publisher=Apple.com |date= |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>


Unlike Adobe Lightroom, Aperture stores photos by default inside a [[Package (macOS)|package]], rather than inside normal folders, however it can also manage photos stored in regular folders (referenced files)<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Keller |first=Jeff |date=April 17, 2015 |title=Opinion: Can an Aperture user be happy with Apple's new 'Photos' software? |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/5074008951/opinion-can-an-aperture-user-be-happy-with-apples-new-photos-software |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=DPReview}}</ref>
*[[64-bit|64 bit]] application, able to handle huge files such as very high definition scans.
*Face detection and recognition tool, called Faces.
*Place pictures on maps using Places. It is compatible with [[GPS]] metadata and manually editable through an interactive map.
*Native [[Flickr]] and [[Facebook]] export.
*Nondestructive, edge-aware brushes to apply adjustments to photos.
*Dozens of new built-in adjustment presets. Some photographers created custom presets available for download.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aperturepresets.tumblr.com/ |title=Custom Aperture presets for download |publisher=Aperturepresets.tumblr.com |date=2011-01-23 |accessdate=2011-02-15}}</ref>
*Advanced Slideshows.
*Handling and editing of video and audio files.


==Version history==
== History ==


=== Aperture 2 ===
{| class="wikitable"
On February 12, 2008, Aperture 2 was released with a new interface, new editing features, and a reduced price of $199 in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 13, 2008 |title=Apple opens faster Aperture |url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/7771843769/aperture2 |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=DPReview}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Juskalian |first=Russ |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/132459/2008/03/aperture2.html |title=Macworld Aperture 2 Review |website=Macworld |date=March 12, 2008 |access-date=February 15, 2011}}</ref> This was a significant decrease from the initial price of $499 for version 1.0. Aperture 2 included a streamlined interface and improved performance due to database optimizations and interface improvements. It also featured enhanced image processing capabilities with updated raw image format support and improved integration with macOS, [[MobileMe]] (now iCloud), and various software packages including [[iLife]] and [[iWork]]. In addition, Aperture 2 introduced support for editing plug-ins, such as Apple's own [[dodging and burning]] tool, which was added in Aperture 2.1.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/aperture/resources/plugins.html |title=Aperture - Resources - Plug-ins |website=Apple.com |publisher=[[Apple Inc.]] |access-date=February 15, 2011}}</ref>
|-

! Version number !!style="width:9.5em"| Release date !! Changes
=== Aperture 3 ===
|-
Aperture 3 was released on February 9, 2010,<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/apple-releases-aperture-3-83877837.html |title=Apple Press Statement |location=California |website=Prnewswire.com |access-date=February 15, 2011}}</ref> and required an Intel-based [[Mac (computer)|Mac]], unlike previous versions which could run on [[PowerPC]] systems. Upon the launch of the [[Mac App Store]] on January 6, 2011, Aperture 3.0 was made available through the store at a reduced price of $80 in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2375320,00.asp|title=Apple's Mac App Store: Hands On |website=[[PC Magazine]] |publisher=[[Ziff Davis]] |access-date=2016-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Siracusa |first=John |date=2011-07-20 |title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: the Ars Technica review |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2011/07/mac-os-x-10-7/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref> Apple claimed that the new version included over 200 new features. Aperture became a [[64-bit computing|64-bit]] application capable of handling large files such as high definition scans, a face detection and recognition tool called Faces, a Places feature that automatically places photos on a [[world map]], native integration with [[Flickr]] and [[Facebook]], nondestructive, edge-aware brushes for applying adjustments to photos, dozens of new built-in adjustment presets, the ability to create custom presets for download,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aperturepresets.tumblr.com/ |title=Custom Aperture presets for download |publisher=Aperturepresets.tumblr.com |date=January 23, 2011 |access-date=February 15, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110210041712/http://aperturepresets.tumblr.com/| archive-date= February 10, 2011 | url-status= live}}</ref> advanced slideshow capabilities, and the ability to handle and edit video and audio files.<ref>{{cite web |title=Apple's feature list |url=https://www.apple.com/aperture/features |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220065115/http://www.apple.com/aperture/features/ |archive-date=February 20, 2011 |access-date=February 15, 2011 |website=Apple.com}}</ref>
! 1.0

| November 30, 2005
== Discontinuation ==
| Initial release.
The summer 2014 beta of [[OS X Yosemite|OS X 10.10 Yosemite]] was incompatible with Aperture, leading to speculation that Apple may abandon the application.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Machkovech |first=Sam |date=2014-06-27 |title=Apple to cease development, support of pro photo app Aperture [Updated] |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/06/apple-to-cease-development-support-of-pro-photo-app-aperture/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref>{{efn|Later that year, Aperture received a Yosemite compatibility update.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sumra |first=Husain |date=October 16, 2014 |title=Apple Updates iLife Apps and Aperture for Yosemite |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2014/10/16/ilife-update-yosemite/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=MacRumors |language=en}}</ref>}}
|-

! 1.0.1
On June 27, 2014, Apple announced that Aperture and [[iPhoto]] would be discontinued in favor of the upcoming [[Photos (Apple)|Photos]] app.<ref name=":2" /> Several users said Aperture had suffered from neglect and fallen behind competitors like [[Adobe Lightroom]], and that the discontinuation followed years of Apple neglecting professional users.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morgenstern |first=David |date=June 29, 2014 |title=Apple orphans Aperture, imaging pros unhappy |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/apple-orphans-aperture-imaging-pros-unhappy/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=ZDNET |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Haslam |first=Karen |date=July 2, 2014 |title=What the death of Aperture says about Apple's pro software plans |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/670773/what-apples-decision-to-stop-aperture-says-about-its-pro-apps.html |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Macworld |language=en}}</ref> Apple announced a migration path to Photos, but not to Lightroom or other tools.<ref name=":2" /> Adobe promised an Aperture import plugin for Lightroom, which they released in October 2014. This import plugin cannot import non-destructive image adjustments made in Aperture, so it imports both the original images, and a copy of each edited image.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clover |first=Juli |date=October 16, 2014 |title=Adobe Releases Plugin to Help Aperture Users Transition to Lightroom |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2014/10/16/adobe-lightroom-to-aperture-plugin/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=MacRumors |language=en}}</ref> Another import tool is CYME's Avalanche application.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Demolder |first=Damien |date=February 19, 2021 |title=Avalanche can now convert Aperture, Lightroom catalogs for use with Luminar AI |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/6731077297/avalanche-can-now-convert-aperture-lightroom-catalogs-for-use-with-luminar-ai |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=DPReview}}</ref>
| December 21, 2005

| Fixed bugs with shadow blocking in 8-bit images, EXIF export issues, and improved performance in keyword searches.
According to Apple, the upcoming Photos app would have "professional-grade features" like "library search, support for third-party plugins, and advanced editing",<ref name=":3" /> though by its 2015 release, the Photos app lacked support for many Aperture features including tethered shooting, watermarks, separate projects within one library, plug-ins, editing in an external application, star ratings and color labels, an adjustment brush to apply edits only to certain parts of an image,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Snell |first=Jason |title=Photos for Mac: A Take Control Crash Course |publisher=[[TidBITS|TidBITS Publishing Inc.]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-615424-53-5 |edition=v1.1 |chapter=Photos vs. iPhoto and Aperture |author-link=Jason Snell (writer)}}</ref> a loupe, [[Raw image format|Raw]] fine tuning, and [[chromatic aberration]] correction. ''DPReview''{{'s}} Jeff Keller said he was "not enthused about Photos" due to the missing features and "incredibly dumbed down interface", instead deciding to keep using Aperture and switch to Lightroom once it stopped working.<ref name=":1" /> Most reviewers felt the new Photos app was "not suitable for professional users".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clover |first=Juli |date=February 11, 2015 |title=Apple Confirms Aperture to Be Removed From Mac App Store After Launch of Photos for OS X |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2015/02/11/apple-aperture-removed-from-app-store/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=MacRumors |language=en}}</ref>
|-

! 1.1
French outlet ''MacGeneration'' and reporter [[Jason Snell (writer)|Jason Snell]] noted that Apple continued selling Aperture, and that its sales pages failed to indicate that the application was discontinued.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Snell |first=Jason |date=2014-12-22 |title=Would you like this discontinued software? |url=https://sixcolors.com/post/2014/12/would-you-like-this-discontinued-software/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=Six Colors |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Innocente |first=Florian |date=December 22, 2014 |title=Aperture, abandonné, mais toujours en vente six mois après |url=https://www.macg.co/logiciels/2014/12/aperture-abandonne-mais-toujours-en-vente-six-mois-apres-86392 |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=MacGeneration |language=fr}}</ref> The sales pages were updated to note this in February 2015,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clover |first=Juli |date=February 11, 2015 |title=Apple Confirms Aperture to Be Removed From Mac App Store After Launch of Photos for OS X |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2015/02/11/apple-aperture-removed-from-app-store/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=MacRumors |language=en}}</ref> and Aperture was removed from sale in April 2015, after the release of the Photos app.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clover |first=Juli |date=April 10, 2015 |title=Aperture and iPhoto Removed From Mac App Store Following Photos for OS X Launch |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2015/04/10/iphoto-aperture-removed-mac-app-store/ |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=MacRumors |language=en}}</ref>
| April 13, 2006

| A significant update that includes new features such as universal support, improved RAW image quality, RAW fine tuning, auto noise compensation, a new color meter, enhanced export controls and other more minor improvements and bug fixes.
=== Compatibility with later versions of macOS ===
|-
The last version of macOS officially supported by Aperture is [[MacOS Mojave|macOS 10.14 Mojave]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Burgett |first=Gannon |date=April 30, 2019 |title=RIP: Apple Aperture will no longer work after macOS Mojave |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/5576621302/apple-aperture-will-no-longer-work-after-macos-mojave |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=[[DPReview]]}}</ref> since Aperture is a [[32-bit computing|32-bit]] application, which [[MacOS Catalina|macOS 10.15 Catalina]] does not support.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Burgett |first=Gannon |date=October 29, 2019 |title=This app can modify Aperture and iPhoto so they will continue to work with macOS Catalina |url=https://www.dpreview.com/news/1439854984/this-app-can-modify-aperture-and-iphoto-so-they-will-continue-to-work-with-macos-catalina |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=DPReview}}</ref>
! 1.1.1

| May 4, 2006
A free, open-source application<ref name="Retroactive" /> called Retroactive can modify Aperture to enable it to continue running on macOS Catalina and later macOS releases. Aperture remains fully functional except for the ability to play videos, export slideshows,<ref name=":4" /> and support for [[Photo Stream]] and iCloud Photo Sharing. Raw file may need to be reprocessed before they can be opened. Through Retroactive, Aperture is compatible with [[macOS Sonoma]]. However, Aperture no longer works on [[macOS Sequoia]] even with Retroactive.<ref name="Retroactive">{{Cite web |last=Cormier |first=Tyshawn |date=2023-05-12 |title=cormiertyshawn895/Retroactive |url=https://github.com/cormiertyshawn895/Retroactive |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=[[GitHub]]}}</ref>
| Addresses several issues related to performance, stability, color correction, and display compatibility.
|-
! 1.1.2
| June 21, 2006
| Addresses issues related to overall reliability and performance.
|-
! 1.5
| September 29, 2006
| A significant update with many new features, including Flexible Library Management (master images can be kept outside the library and offline as well), [[iLife]] '06 and [[iWork]] '06 integration, Automatic Metadata Exportion, Edge Sharpen and [[iPod]] photo syncing. Also now officially supports all Intel-based Macs with at least 1 GB of RAM. Price dropped from $499 to $299.
|-
! 1.5.1
| November 2, 2006
| Improves overall reliability and performance in many areas of the application, including keywords, the Loupe, cropping, previews, metadata presets, file renaming, iPhoto library importing and watermarks.
|-
! 1.5.2
| December 11, 2006
| Addresses issues related to overall reliability and performance in a number of areas, including: Contact sheet printing, Smart Albums, watermarks, lift and stamp, image export, versions created using an external editor.
|-
! 1.5.3
| April 19, 2007
| Aperture 1.5.3 addresses issues related to overall reliability and performance in a number of areas, including: Generation of thumbnails for adjusted images, entering and exiting Full Screen mode, working with large sets of keywords in the Keywords HUD, restoring from a vault.
|-
! 1.5.6
| October 26, 2007
| Aperture 1.5.6 addresses issues related to performance, improves overall stability, and supports compatibility with Mac OS X v10.5.
|-
! 2.0
| February 12, 2008
| Aperture 2.0 includes 100+ new features and addresses performance and stability. Reduced price to $199 in the US.
|-
! 2.0.1
| March 3, 2008
| Aperture 2.0.1 addresses issues related to the performance and overall stability of Aperture 2.
|-
! 2.1
| March 28, 2008
| Aperture 2.1 introduces editing plug-ins including a [[Dodging and burning|Dodge and Burn]] tool developed by Apple and addresses issues related to the performance and overall stability of Aperture 2.
|-
! 2.1.1
| July 28, 2008
| Aperture 2.1.1 addresses issues related to performance, improves overall stability, and supports compatibility with Apple's [[MobileMe]] service.
|-
! 2.1.2
| October 20, 2008
| Aperture 2.1.2 update improves the printing quality of books, cards and calendars ordered through the Aperture printing service.
|-
! 2.1.3
| March 14, 2009
| Aperture 2.1.3 update improves overall stability and addresses minor issues in a number of areas, including the display of thumbnails on import and image rotation.
|-
! 2.1.4
| August 27, 2009
| Aperture 2.1.4 update addresses general compatibility and overall stability in the following areas: Creating books, Ordering books/prints and Slideshows
|-
! 3.0
| February 9, 2010
| Aperture now requires an Intel based Macintosh. Version 3.0 includes 200+ new features including: faces, places, brushes, adjustment presets, full-screen browser, audio and video support, and advanced slideshows.
|-
! 3.0.1
| February 24, 2010
| Aperture 3.0.1 update improves overall stability and addresses a number of issues in Aperture 3, including: upgrading libraries from earlier versions of Aperture, importing libraries from iPhoto, importing photos directly from a camera, memory usage when processing heavily-retouched photos, face recognition processing, adding undetected faces using the Add Missing Face button, printing pages containing multiple images, editing photos using an external editor, display of images with Definition and Straighten adjustments applied, zooming photos in the Viewer and in the Loupe using keyboard shortcuts, accessing Aperture libraries on a network volume Selecting and moving pins on the Places map, adding and editing custom locations using the Manage My Places window and witching between masters when working with RAW+JPEG pairs.
|-
! 3.0.2
| March 25, 2010
| Aperture 3.0.2 update improves overall stability and fixes issues in a number of areas. The key areas addressed include: upgrading Aperture 1.x and 2.x libraries, importing libraries from iPhoto or from earlier versions of Aperture, importing hierarchical folders of photos into a library, adding names and confirming matches in Faces, reordering snapshots on the Faces corkboard, creating and saving print presets, duplicating metadata presets, adjustments using Curves, Straighten and Retouching, navigation of photos in the Viewer using scrolling, importing ratings, color labels and GPS data from XMP sidecar files, IPTC metadata compatibility, deleting photos when emptying the Aperture Trash and exporting versions and libraries.
|-
! 3.0.3
| April 29, 2010
| Aperture 3.0.3 update improves overall stability and fixes issues in a number of areas. The key areas addressed include: applying adjustments such as Retouch or Chromatic Aberration, creating and using Raw Fine Tuning presets, viewing, adding and removing detected faces, switching target printers and paper sizes when printing, duplicating Smart Albums, repairing and rebuilding Aperture libraries, reconnecting referenced files, working with GPS track files in Places and searching for keywords in the Query HUD or Keyword Controls.
|-
! 3.1
| October 20, 2010
| Aperture 3.1 update greatly improves the overall stability and performance while fixing many major issues, most especially in Libraries and Adjustments, while making the application compatible with iLife '11. The key areas addressed include: displaying a progress bar when opening, switching and exporting libraries and masters, improvement in performance when opening large libraries, corrections on rendered previews and thumbnails used in Faces or while in zoom mode, importing and relinking referenced iPhoto libraries from a Mac, iPhone or iPad, improvements in face detection (especially on RAW+JPEG files) and addressing "blank" faces, corrections in search query performance, export of GPS metadata and correction of TIFF dpi setting, and performance improvements of many default adjustments (especially the Red-eye, Straighten, Crop and Presets adjustments).
|-
! 3.1.1
| December 9, 2010
| Aperture 3.1.1 update improves overall stability and performance issues, and also includes specific fixes that: Address compatibility with the iLife Media Browser, improve reliability when upgrading existing Aperture libraries, address issues with publishing photos to MobileMe, Facebook and Flickr.
|-
! 3.1.1
| January 6, 2011
| Aperture 3.1.1 was re-released in the Mac App Store, with a price drop to $79.99.
|-
! 3.1.2
| March 23, 2011
| Aperture 3.1.2 update improves overall stability and performance, including specific fixes in the following areas: Importing iPhoto libraries, Reliability and responsiveness when using brushes to apply adjustments, Reconnecting referenced master images.
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Comparison of image viewers]]
*[[Adobe Photoshop Lightroom]]
*[[Comparison of raster graphics editors]]
*[[BlueMarine]]
*[[iPhoto]]
*[[Bibble (software)|Bibble]]

*[[Photo Mechanic]]
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
Line 178: Line 70:


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Cite web |url=http://www.apple.com/aperture/ |title=Official website |access-date= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407001931/http://www.apple.com/aperture/ |archive-date=April 7, 2015 |url-status=dead}}
*[http://www.apple.com/aperture/ Apple – Aperture]
*[http://www.controlledvocabulary.com/imagedatabases/aperture3.html Apple Aperture 3 Metadata Issues?]
*[http://www.controlledvocabulary.com/imagedatabases/aperture3.html Apple Aperture 3 Metadata Issues?]
*[http://www.photo-folio.net/2010/03/aperture-3-finally-usable-aperture-3-0-2-update/ Photo-Folio.net] Aperture 3 Finally Usable: Aperture 3.0.2 Update.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141205024002/http://www.photo-folio.net/2010/03/aperture-3-finally-usable-aperture-3-0-2-update/ Photo-Folio.net] Aperture 3 Finally Usable: Aperture 3.0.2 Update.
*{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141126065140/https://support.apple.com/en-gb/HT203265|date=November 26, 2014|title=Aperture version history}}


{{Apple}}
{{Apple}}
{{Apple software}}
{{Apple software}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Aperture (Software)}}
[[Category:Apple Inc. software]]
[[Category:Raster graphics editors]]
[[Category:Raster graphics editors]]
[[Category:Mac OS X-only software]]
[[Category:MacOS-only software made by Apple Inc.]]
[[Category:Mac OS X-only software made by Apple Inc.]]
[[Category:Photo software]]
[[Category:Photo software]]
[[Category:Image organizers]]
[[Category:Proprietary image organizers]]
[[Category:2005 software]]

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Latest revision as of 14:17, 29 November 2024

For other uses, see Aperture (disambiguation).

Developer(s)Apple Inc.
Initial releaseNovember 30, 2005; 19 years ago (2005-11-30)
Final release
3.6 / October 16, 2014; 10 years ago (2014-10-16)
Written inObjective-C
Operating systemmacOS
TypeImage organizer, image editor
LicenseProprietary
WebsiteHomepage at the Wayback Machine (archived April 7, 2015)

Aperture is a discontinued professional image organizer and editor developed by Apple between 2005 and 2015 for the Mac, as a professional alternative to iPhoto.

Aperture is a non-destructive editor that can handle a number of tasks common in post-production work, such as importing and organizing image files, applying adjustments, and printing or exporting photographs. It can organize photos by keywords, facial recognition, and location data embedded in image files, it offers brushes for applying effects such as dodge and burn, skin smoothing, and polarization, and it can export to Flickr, Facebook, SmugMug, and iCloud.[1][2][3][4]

At WWDC 2014, Apple announced that its Photos app would replace Aperture and iPhoto. The final release of Aperture, version 3.6, was released in October 2014, and subsequently discontinued and removed from sale on April 8, 2015.[5] Although support for 32-bit apps, including Aperture, was removed in macOS Catalina,[6] a patch created by an external party allows Aperture 3.6 to function on newer versions of macOS.[7]

Features

[edit]

Apple Aperture is a professional photo editing and management application that offers a variety of features for professional photographers. One of its key features is complete support for importing and exporting raw image formats, for supported cameras. It also offers tethered shooting support for DSLRs made by Nikon and Canon; when photographers connect these cameras to their computers, they can be instantly imported without user action, for a more efficient workflow.[8] The app's Raw Fine Tuning feature allows users to manage and adjust the conversion parameters of different versions of RAW decode. In addition, Aperture allows users to choose whether to keep their master image files in place on their filesystem, or migrate them into the Aperture library upon import.

Aperture also offers a range of image adjustment tools, including specific color retouching, a luminance-based edge sharpener, and spot repair. It also has lens correction tools, such as chromatic aberration correction, to help improve the overall quality of an image. In terms of project management, Aperture offers extensive metadata and searching support, as well as the ability to group photos using autostacking based on the time between shutter clicks.

Aperture offers a number of features for organizing and managing photos. Autostacking groups photos based on the time between shutter clicks; users can also manually group photos into Stacks, and create multiple working copies of the same image using the Versions feature. The loupe tool allows users to view images at zoom levels from 50% to 1600%, while the Light Table feature serves as a freeform workspace for sorting and selecting images. Aperture also offers the ability to simultaneously zoom and pan multiple images to compare them. It supports a full-screen move for editing and sorting images, and can span multiple computer displays.

In addition to its native support for the Adobe Photoshop PSD, PNG, JPEG, and TIFF formats, Aperture offers nondestructive image editing, customizable printing and publishing options, and the ability to import photos from USB and FireWire memory card readers or directly from a camera connected via USB. It also has read and write support for IPTC image metadata and customizable book creation tools. Finally, Aperture has a heavily customizable book creation feature, as well as the ability to create web galleries and blogs that can be uploaded via FTP or WebDAV.

Unlike Adobe Lightroom, Aperture stores photos by default inside a package, rather than inside normal folders, however it can also manage photos stored in regular folders (referenced files)[9]

History

[edit]

Aperture 2

[edit]

On February 12, 2008, Aperture 2 was released with a new interface, new editing features, and a reduced price of $199 in the United States.[10][11] This was a significant decrease from the initial price of $499 for version 1.0. Aperture 2 included a streamlined interface and improved performance due to database optimizations and interface improvements. It also featured enhanced image processing capabilities with updated raw image format support and improved integration with macOS, MobileMe (now iCloud), and various software packages including iLife and iWork. In addition, Aperture 2 introduced support for editing plug-ins, such as Apple's own dodging and burning tool, which was added in Aperture 2.1.[12]

Aperture 3

[edit]

Aperture 3 was released on February 9, 2010,[13] and required an Intel-based Mac, unlike previous versions which could run on PowerPC systems. Upon the launch of the Mac App Store on January 6, 2011, Aperture 3.0 was made available through the store at a reduced price of $80 in the United States.[14][15] Apple claimed that the new version included over 200 new features. Aperture became a 64-bit application capable of handling large files such as high definition scans, a face detection and recognition tool called Faces, a Places feature that automatically places photos on a world map, native integration with Flickr and Facebook, nondestructive, edge-aware brushes for applying adjustments to photos, dozens of new built-in adjustment presets, the ability to create custom presets for download,[16] advanced slideshow capabilities, and the ability to handle and edit video and audio files.[17]

Discontinuation

[edit]

The summer 2014 beta of OS X 10.10 Yosemite was incompatible with Aperture, leading to speculation that Apple may abandon the application.[18][a]

On June 27, 2014, Apple announced that Aperture and iPhoto would be discontinued in favor of the upcoming Photos app.[18] Several users said Aperture had suffered from neglect and fallen behind competitors like Adobe Lightroom, and that the discontinuation followed years of Apple neglecting professional users.[20][21] Apple announced a migration path to Photos, but not to Lightroom or other tools.[18] Adobe promised an Aperture import plugin for Lightroom, which they released in October 2014. This import plugin cannot import non-destructive image adjustments made in Aperture, so it imports both the original images, and a copy of each edited image.[22] Another import tool is CYME's Avalanche application.[23]

According to Apple, the upcoming Photos app would have "professional-grade features" like "library search, support for third-party plugins, and advanced editing",[21] though by its 2015 release, the Photos app lacked support for many Aperture features including tethered shooting, watermarks, separate projects within one library, plug-ins, editing in an external application, star ratings and color labels, an adjustment brush to apply edits only to certain parts of an image,[24] a loupe, Raw fine tuning, and chromatic aberration correction. DPReview's Jeff Keller said he was "not enthused about Photos" due to the missing features and "incredibly dumbed down interface", instead deciding to keep using Aperture and switch to Lightroom once it stopped working.[9] Most reviewers felt the new Photos app was "not suitable for professional users".[25]

French outlet MacGeneration and reporter Jason Snell noted that Apple continued selling Aperture, and that its sales pages failed to indicate that the application was discontinued.[26][27] The sales pages were updated to note this in February 2015,[28] and Aperture was removed from sale in April 2015, after the release of the Photos app.[29]

Compatibility with later versions of macOS

[edit]

The last version of macOS officially supported by Aperture is macOS 10.14 Mojave,[30] since Aperture is a 32-bit application, which macOS 10.15 Catalina does not support.[31]

A free, open-source application[7] called Retroactive can modify Aperture to enable it to continue running on macOS Catalina and later macOS releases. Aperture remains fully functional except for the ability to play videos, export slideshows,[31] and support for Photo Stream and iCloud Photo Sharing. Raw file may need to be reprocessed before they can be opened. Through Retroactive, Aperture is compatible with macOS Sonoma. However, Aperture no longer works on macOS Sequoia even with Retroactive.[7]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Later that year, Aperture received a Yosemite compatibility update.[19]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Apple Aperture 3 Review and User Guide by Ken Rockwell". kenrockwell.com. November 12, 2011. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
  2. ^ "Apple Aperture 3 review". TechRadar. Future US. March 27, 2010. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
  3. ^ "Aperture 3: The Ars Review". Ars Technica. Condé Nast. March 18, 2010. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
  4. ^ "Lightroom vs Aperture – all the Features Compared". technologyformedia.wordpress.com. Self-published. February 13, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
  5. ^ Fingas, Roger (April 10, 2015). "Aperture, iPhoto disappear from Mac App Store following Photos debut". AppleInsider.
  6. ^ "Apple Aperture Won't Work Anymore After macOS Mojave". PetaPixel. April 30, 2019.
  7. ^ a b c Cormier, Tyshawn (May 12, 2023). "cormiertyshawn895/Retroactive". GitHub. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  8. ^ "Aperture 3: Tips on tethered shooting". Apple. Apple Inc. Archived from the original on February 23, 2014. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
  9. ^ a b Keller, Jeff (April 17, 2015). "Opinion: Can an Aperture user be happy with Apple's new 'Photos' software?". DPReview. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  10. ^ "Apple opens faster Aperture". DPReview. February 13, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  11. ^ Juskalian, Russ (March 12, 2008). "Macworld Aperture 2 Review". Macworld. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
  12. ^ "Aperture - Resources - Plug-ins". Apple.com. Apple Inc. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
  13. ^ "Apple Press Statement". Prnewswire.com (Press release). California. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
  14. ^ "Apple's Mac App Store: Hands On". PC Magazine. Ziff Davis. Retrieved April 22, 2016.
  15. ^ Siracusa, John (July 20, 2011). "Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: the Ars Technica review". Ars Technica. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  16. ^ "Custom Aperture presets for download". Aperturepresets.tumblr.com. January 23, 2011. Archived from the original on February 10, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
  17. ^ "Apple's feature list". Apple.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
  18. ^ a b c Machkovech, Sam (June 27, 2014). "Apple to cease development, support of pro photo app Aperture [Updated]". Ars Technica. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  19. ^ Sumra, Husain (October 16, 2014). "Apple Updates iLife Apps and Aperture for Yosemite". MacRumors. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  20. ^ Morgenstern, David (June 29, 2014). "Apple orphans Aperture, imaging pros unhappy". ZDNET. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  21. ^ a b Haslam, Karen (July 2, 2014). "What the death of Aperture says about Apple's pro software plans". Macworld. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  22. ^ Clover, Juli (October 16, 2014). "Adobe Releases Plugin to Help Aperture Users Transition to Lightroom". MacRumors. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  23. ^ Demolder, Damien (February 19, 2021). "Avalanche can now convert Aperture, Lightroom catalogs for use with Luminar AI". DPReview. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  24. ^ Snell, Jason (2015). "Photos vs. iPhoto and Aperture". Photos for Mac: A Take Control Crash Course (v1.1 ed.). TidBITS Publishing Inc. ISBN 978-1-615424-53-5.
  25. ^ Clover, Juli (February 11, 2015). "Apple Confirms Aperture to Be Removed From Mac App Store After Launch of Photos for OS X". MacRumors. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  26. ^ Snell, Jason (December 22, 2014). "Would you like this discontinued software?". Six Colors. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  27. ^ Innocente, Florian (December 22, 2014). "Aperture, abandonné, mais toujours en vente six mois après". MacGeneration (in French). Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  28. ^ Clover, Juli (February 11, 2015). "Apple Confirms Aperture to Be Removed From Mac App Store After Launch of Photos for OS X". MacRumors. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  29. ^ Clover, Juli (April 10, 2015). "Aperture and iPhoto Removed From Mac App Store Following Photos for OS X Launch". MacRumors. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  30. ^ Burgett, Gannon (April 30, 2019). "RIP: Apple Aperture will no longer work after macOS Mojave". DPReview. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
  31. ^ a b Burgett, Gannon (October 29, 2019). "This app can modify Aperture and iPhoto so they will continue to work with macOS Catalina". DPReview. Retrieved May 13, 2023.
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