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#REDIRECT [[Josephus#Biography]]{{R to section}} |
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'''Titus Flavius Hyrcanus''' ({{lang-el| Τίτος Θλάβιος Ύκρανός}}, flourished second half of the 1st century & first half of the 2nd century, born 73) was an aristocratic, wealthy [[Roman citizenship|Roman]] [[History of the Jews in Italy|Jew]]. |
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Hyrcanus was born and raised in [[Ancient Rome|Rome]]. He was the youngest son born to the Roman Jewish Historian [[Josephus]] and from his third wife an unnamed [[Alexandria|Alexandrian Jewish woman]]. <ref>Fergus, ''The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D. 135)'' p.p.45-6</ref> Hyrcanus was the only child to have survived as his two other brothers had died. <ref>Fergus, ''The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D. 135)'' p.p.45-6</ref> <ref>Josephus, ''Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary'' p.170</ref> |
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His paternal uncle was [[Matthias (brother of Josephus)|Matthias]], while his paternal grandparents were [[Matthias (father of Josephus)|Matthias]] and his wife, an unnamed Jewish noblewoman. His paternal grandmother was an aristocratic woman who descended royalty and of the former ruling [[Hasmoneans|Hasmonean Dynasty]]. <ref>Nodet, ''A search for the origins of Judaism: from Joshua to the Mishnah'' p.250</ref> His paternal grandfather had descended from the priestly order of the [[Jehoiarib]], which was the first of the twenty four-orders of Priests in the [[Temple in Jerusalem]]<ref>Fergus, ''The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D. 135)'' p.p.45-6</ref> and was a descendant of the High Priest Jonathon. Jonathon may have been [[Alexander Jannaeus]], the High Priest and [[Hasmoneans|Hasmonean ruler]] who governed [[Judea]] from 103 BC-76 BC. <ref>Fergus, ''The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D. 135)'' p.p.45-6</ref> |
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The name Hyrcanus means ''one from Hyrcania''. <ref>Josephus, ''Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary'' p.10</ref> The [[Hyrcania]] Sea was the ancient Greek name for the ''[[Caspian Sea]]''. Hyrcanus’ name reveals his father’s favourite monarch from the [[Hasmoneans|Hasmonean Dynasty]] and his lineage from the dynasty. <ref>Josephus, ''Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary'' p.10</ref> Perhaps his father, named him in honor of the [[Herodian Dynasty|Herodian Prince]] ''Julius Hyrcanus'', one of the sons [[Herod of Chalcis]] and [[Berenice (daughter of Herod Agrippa I)|Berenice]]. <ref>Josephus, ''Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary'' p.10</ref> |
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As a young child his parents had divorced, because Josephus was displeased with his mother’s habits. <ref>Josephus, ''Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary'' p.170</ref> His father married as his fourth and final wife, a distinguished [[Ancient Greece|Greek Jewish]] noblewoman from [[Crete]]. With his father’s fourth wife, he had two half-brothers: [[Flavius Justus]] and [[Flavius Simonides Agrippa]]. <ref>Fergus, ''The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D. 135)'' p.p.45-6</ref> <ref>Josephus, ''Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary'' p.170</ref> |
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Hyrcanus was a contemporary of the ruling [[Flavian dynasty]] and [[Nerva–Antonine dynasty]] of the [[Roman Empire]]. He was alive when Josephus was compiling his historical writings and when his father died about 100. Unfortunately little is known on his remaining life. |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Sources== |
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* M. Fergus, S. Emil & V. Geza, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D. 135), Continuum International Publishing Group, 1973 |
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* É. Nodet, A search for the origins of Judaism: from Joshua to the Mishnah, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1997 |
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* F. Josephus & S. Mason, Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary, BRILL, 2001 |
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[[Category:Flavii]] |
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[[Category:Jewish clergy]] |
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[[Category:Ancient Jewish Roman history]] |
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[[Category:Roman era Jews]] |
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[[Category:Jewish history in Rome]] |
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[[Category:Hasmoneans]] |
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[[Category:1st-century people]] |
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[[Category:1st-century clergy]] |
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[[Category:2nd-century people]] |
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[[Category:2nd-century clergy]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:16, 14 October 2023
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