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{{Short description|Large 16th-century house in Norfolk, England}} |
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{{Geobox| stately Home |
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| name =Beaupre Hall |
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{{Infobox building |
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| category = country house |
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| name = Beaupre Hall |
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| image_caption = Beaupre Hall, Outwell, Norfolk, |
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| country = [[England]] |
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| image = [[File:Beaupre Hall Outwell Norfolk.jpg|frameless|upright=1.35|Beaupré Hall in its ancient state]] |
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| district = [[King's Lynn and West Norfolk]] |
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| municipality = [[Outwell]] |
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| image_caption = Beaupre Hall, Outwell, Norfolk, |
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| location = [[King's Lynn and West Norfolk]], [[East of England]], [[Norfolk]] |
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| location_country = [[England]] |
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| coordinates = {{coord|52.61720|N|0.23343|E|region:GB_source:enwiki-osgb36(TF513045)|display=inline,title}} |
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| building_type = country house |
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| architectural_style = Medieval, Turreted Gate house |
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| material =stone and slate roof |
| material = stone and slate roof |
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| established = Built around 1500 enlarged until 1740, Demolished 1966 |
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| completion_date = c.1500 |
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| map =Norfolk outline map with UK.png |
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| demolition_date = 1966 |
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| renovation_date = Enlarged until 1740 |
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| footnotes =Map Ref: TF513045 |
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'''Beaupré Hall''' was a large 16th-century house mainly of brick, which was built by the [[Beaupre (surname)|Beaupres]] in [[Outwell]], [[Norfolk]], [[England]] and enlarged by their successors the [[Robert Bell (Speaker of the House of Commons)|Bells]].<ref>{{gbmapping|TF513045}}</ref> [[Destruction of country houses in 20th century Britain|Like many of Britain's country houses]] it was demolished in the mid-20th century. |
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==History of the Hall== |
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'''Beaupré Hall''' was a large [[16th century|16th century]] house mainly of brick, which was built by the [[Beaupre (surname)|Beaupres]] in [[Outwell]], [[Norfolk]], [[England]] and enlarged by their successors the [[Robert Bell (Speaker of the House of Commons)|Bells]]. {{gbmapping|TF513045}} - shown on this {{GBvosi|e=551383|n=304546|cty=|txt=map from circa 1890}}. [[Destruction of country houses in 20th century Britain|like many of Britains's country houses]] it was demolished in the mid-twentieth century. |
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The history of the Hall begins with its family origins, a [[Normans|Norman]] from [[Saint-Omer]] who dwelled and, according to [[Christopher Hussey (historian)|Christopher Hussey]] "christened his domain with gallic grace, among the dull-sounding names of the danes."<ref name="Hussey">[[Christopher Hussey (historian)|Hussey, C.]], "Beaupré Hall Wisbech, Coventry" ''Homes and Gardens Old & New'', ([[Country Life (magazine)|Country Life]]), 1923</ref> |
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The knight of St Omer (de Beau-pré) accompanied [[William I of England|William the Conqueror]]'s invasion of England; he "appears in the Roll of [[Battle Abbey]], and his descendants lived here in their place of Beaupré."<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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Several other noted members of the St Omer family are Sir Hugh de St Omer and John de St Omer, who according to the chronographer [[Matthew Paris]], were known to have 'penned a counterblast' to a monk of [[Peterborough Abbey|Peterborough]] who had lampooned the people of Norfolk during the reign of [[John of England|King John]]; which elevated them to literary fame.<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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==History of the Hall== |
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The history of Hall begins with its family origins, a [[Normans|Norman]] from St. Omer who dwelled and "christened his domain with gallic grace, among the dull-sounding names of the danes." <ref name="Hussey">[[Christopher Hussey|Hussey, C.]],'' Beaupré Hall Wisbech, Coventry Homes and Gardens Old & New'', pb. [[Country Life (magazine)|Country Life]], 1923</ref> |
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A Sir Thomas de St Omer was [[keeper of the wardrobe]] to [[Henry III of England|King Henry III]]. His successor William de St Omer was granted a fair at Brundale and at [[Mulbarton, Norfolk]], in 1254, where his arms (''a fess between six cross-crosslets'') could formerly be seen on a monument in the church. Mulbarton came to Sir William Hoo (1335-1410) through his marriage to Alice de St Omer (died c. 1375), daughter of a later Thomas de St Omer and Petronilla de Malmaynes. Sir William Hoo added to heraldic glass which they placed in the chancel windows, and (after a second marriage) was buried there beside Alice.<ref>W.D. Cooper, 'The families of Braose of Chesworth, and Hoo', ''Sussex Archaeological Collections'' VIII (London 1856), [http://www.archive.org/stream/sussexarchaeolo34socigoog#page/n128/mode/2up pp. 97-131], and pedigree at [http://www.archive.org/stream/sussexarchaeolo34socigoog#page/n166/mode/2up pp. 130-31] (Internet Archive).</ref><ref>F. Blomefield, ed. C. Parkin, ''An Essay Towards a Topographical History of the County of Norfolk'', Revised edition, Vol. V (William Miller, London 1806), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxjfpj&view=image&seq=83 at pp. 75-79]; see also Vol. VII (1807), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxjfpl&view=image&seq=233 pp. 219-21] (Hathi Trust).</ref> His grandson [[Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings]] (c. 1396–1455) bore the St Omer arms quartered with Hoo.<ref>J.E. Ray, 'The parish church of All Saints, Herstmonceux, and the Dacre tomb', ''Sussex Archaeological Collections'' LVIII (1916), pp. 21-64, at [http://www.archive.org/stream/sussexarchaeolog58suss#page/n105/mode/2up pp. 36-55] (Internet Archive).</ref><ref>G. Elliott, 'A monumental palimpsest: the Dacre tomb in Herstmonceux church', ''Sussex Archaeological Collections'' 148 (2010), pp 129-44. (Read at [http://www.thekeep.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Sussex-Archaeological-Collections-148.pdf thekeep.info pdf]).</ref><ref>L.L. Williams, 'A Rouen Book of Hours of the Sarum Use, c. 1444, belonging to Thomas, Lord Hoo, Chancellor of Normandy and France', ''Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature'', Vol. LXXV (1975), [https://www.jstor.org/stable/25506308?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents pp. 189-212] (Jstor - Sign-in required).</ref> |
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The knight of St. Omer, accompanied [[William I of England|William the Conqueror]], during his invasion of England, and "appears in the Roll of [[Battle Abbey]], and his descendants lived here in their place of Beaupré." <ref name="Hussey"/> |
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;Beaupré |
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Several other St. Omer's of note are Sir Hugh de St. Omer and John de St. Omer, who according to [[Matthew Paris]], were known to have 'penned a counterblast' to a monk of [[Peterborough]] who had lampooned the people of Norfolk during the reign of [[John of England|King John]]; of which elevated them to literary fame.<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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Christian, daughter and coheir of Thomas de St Omer, married John, the great-great-grandson of one Synulph, who lived during the reign of [[Henry II of England|King Henry II]], and had issue: John ''dicte quoque Beaupré'',<ref>"Also called Beaupré".</ref> who lived during the reign of [[Edward II of England|King Edward II]], and married Katherine, daughter of Osbert [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Mountfort]]. Their son Thomas Beaupré would be raised by his grandmother Christian (last St Omer in this line) after the death of both of his parents. Thomas was knighted by [[Edward III of England|King Edward III]], and married Joan Holbeache, and died during the reign of [[Richard II of England|King Richard II]]. |
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Generations later the Hall was in the possession of Edmonde Beaupré. After his death in 1567 leaving no male heirs, the hall succeeded to Sir Robert Bell, by virtue of marriage to Edmonde's daughter Dorothie in 1559; whereby his Beaupré line became extinct.<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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Upon Sir Robert Bell's passing following the events of the |
Upon Sir Robert Bell's passing following the events of the [[Black Assize|Black Assize of Oxford]], in 1577, the hall passed to his son Edmonde, and his heirs successively until finally in 1741, Beaupré Bell bequeathed the hall to his sister who married William Greaves, of Fulbourn. |
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Their daughter Jane brought it by marriage to the [[Towneley |
Their daughter Jane brought it by marriage to the [[Towneley family|Townley family]], who held Beaupré Hall until it passed into the hands of Edward Fordham Newling, and his brother.<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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==Construction and architecture== |
==Construction and architecture== |
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[[ |
[[File:Beaupre Hall 1885 artwork guy dawber.jpg|thumb|left|Beaupré Hall in 1884–85]] |
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'''Phase I (1500–1530)''' |
'''Phase I (1500–1530)''' |
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Main construction of the Hall was carried out during the lives of Nicholas Beaupré and his wife Margaret |
Main construction of the Hall was carried out during the lives of Nicholas Beaupré and his wife Margaret Fodringey. A number of successive enlargements in the end consisted of over thirty interior rooms. The Hall, emerging from the South-West end, stretched North-East, with an additional wing branching out North-West, at an angle to make a chapel. These structures date from the early 16th century and had corners that were fortified with semi-[[Gothic architecture|Gothic spirelets]], that were also added to later additions throughout the years.<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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'''Phase II (1531–1570)''' |
'''Phase II (1531–1570)''' |
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A turreted |
A turreted [[gatehouse]] was added c. 1530, and placed in front of the entry facing South-East. This structure was built upon an old model, probably by Edmonde Beaupré during the time of his marriage with Margaret the daughter of Sir John Wiseman, servant to the 15th [[Earl of Oxford]]. His second wife, Katherine Wynter (widow of John Wynter of Great Yarmouth*)<ref name="Bell">Bell, R. R.L., ''Tudor Bell's Sound Out'', pb., 2006. p. 175-6-7</ref> was the daughter of Phillip Bedingfeld of Ditchingham Hall. |
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'''Phase III (1571–1577)''' |
'''Phase III (1571–1577)''' |
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After Edmonde Beaupre's death in 1567, the hall was enlarged by the Bells |
After Edmonde Beaupre's death in 1567, the hall was enlarged by the Bells: new construction and renovations included: |
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Demolishing and rebuilding the body of |
Demolishing and rebuilding the body of east wing of the old house (where the living quarters were located). |
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Refitting the |
Refitting the north-east section with porches on each side which had upper levels, and bays in front. From this section a large wing was added spanning south-east (demolished c. 1850), and a small wall was built connecting the wing to the north-east section of the gate house, which effectively enclosed the area to make a courtyard. |
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Around 1570, the |
Around 1570, the south west end of the Gate House was fitted with a new building that connected a gated section of wall to the south-west wing, making another courtyard. This wing spanned north-west to the main block, and from the main block extended the [[chapel]], which had an altarpiece in the far north-west end. |
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'''Phase IV (1577-1935)''' |
'''Phase IV (1577-1935)''' |
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Aside from several rooms on the first floor and the main door which had 16th |
Aside from several rooms on the first floor and the main door which had 16th-century [[linenfold]] paneling, the Hall was variously altered internally by its successors ([[Beaupre Bell|some negligent]]) from the 16th century. These alterations included a 17th-century fireplace, Georgian [[Wainscoting]], and other 18th-century paneling. Despite further unfortunate alterations to the back of the Hall during the 19th century, by the early 20th century the Hall was not inhabited and what was left of the building was mostly a ruin.<ref name="Hussey"/><ref name="Pugh">''A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume IV'' [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=21919]</ref><ref name="Worsley">Worsley, G., England's Lost Houses, Aurum Press Limited, 2002</ref> |
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<ref name="Bell">Bell, R. R.L.,''Tudor Bell's Sound Out'', pb., 2006. p. 175-7</ref><ref name="Pugh">''A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume IV'' [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=21919]</ref><ref name="Worsley">Worsley, G., England's Lost Houses, Aurum Press Limited, 2002</ref> |
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==Gate House and Heraldry== |
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==Gate House and heraldry== |
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The Gate House was built around 1525, and was rebuilt and fortified until the time of Edmonde Bell. |
The Gate House was built around 1525, and was rebuilt and fortified until the time of Edmonde Bell. |
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The entry had four |
The entry had four-centred arches connected to four towers built mostly of brick with stone dressings and upper caps made of [[ashlar]]. The second floor of the Gate House was a drawing room, lit by square-headed windows decorated with stone [[mullion]]s and [[Transom (architectural)|transom]], and fitted with a fine [[Elizabethan]] fireplace, which had a marble frame and carved wood overmantel that enclosed the fireplace from the floor to the ceiling and had early [[Jacobean architecture]] style paneling with a pair of trimmed arches that were encased and separated by ornate columns, directly above the center of the marble arch frame. Each trimmed arch panel displayed a heraldic relief carving: |
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The Arms as they appeared on the left or north-west side of the mantelpiece featured the Arms borne by Bell. A Jacobean style pillar, separated this coat and arch from the other where appeared the quartered and impaled Arms of Beaupre: From the [[Heraldry|sinister]] top appear the quarters of Edmonde Beaupre/St Omer-Fodringhay/ and Baulney Bottom: Dorewood-Coggeshall-and Harske. |
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The mantelpiece enclosed the fireplace from the floor to the ceiling and had early [[Jacobean architecture]] style paneling with a pair of trimmed arches that were encased and separated by ornate columns, directly above the center of the marble arch frame. Each trimmed arch panel displayed a heraldic relief carving: |
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[[File:Wikimania 2014 - Victoria and Albert Museum - Stained glass panels - Beaupré Hall222166.jpg|thumb|Beaupré Hall heraldic stained glass, Victoria and Albert Museum]] |
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[[File:Template ArmsBeaupreHall.svg|thumb|100px|Key to stained glass]] |
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The matrimonial landmarks of the family are recorded in beautiful heraldic glass panels that date from 1570. The Beaupré panels are slightly larger and older than the Bell panels; throughout the [[mantling]] is particularly fine. |
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The following coats occur and have been blazoned accordingly:<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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The Armes as they appeared on the left or North-West side of the mantelpiece featured the Arms borne by Bell. A Jacobean style pillar, separated this coat and arch from the other where appeared the quartered and impaled Arms of Beaupre: From the [[Heraldry|sinister]] top appear the quarters of Edmonde Beaupre/St. Omer-Fodringhay/ and Baulney Bottom: Dorewood-Coggeshall-and Harske. |
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===1=== |
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[[Image:Beaupre Hall 19230013 copy.jpg|thumb|right|69px|Heraldic Mantelpiece]] |
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Inscribed in Latin: ''Arma Willi(el)m(i) Coggeshall Militis'' ("arms of William Coggeshall, Knight")<br/> |
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[[Image:Beaupre Hall 19230001 copy.jpg|thumb|right|69px|Beaupré Hall Stained Glass]] |
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Top Left Frame: ''Argent, a cross between four [[Scallop|escallops]] sable'' (Coggeshall) Sir [[William Coggeshall]] (1358–1426), High Sheriff of Essex, who married Antiocha Hawkwood, daughter of [[John Hawkwood|Sir John Hawkwood]].<ref name="Josselyn, J. H.">Josselyn, J. H., ''Sir John Hawkwood, the Condottiere, some of his lineal descendants,'' Notes and Queries, 7th series, Vol. X, [[London]], 1890, p. 101-102</ref> |
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[[Image:Beaupre Hall 19230002 copy.jpg|thumb|right|69px|Beaupré Hall Stained Glass]] |
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===2=== |
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The Matrimonial landmarks of the family history of the hall are recorded in beautiful heraldic glass panels that date from 1570. The Beaupré panels are slightly larger and older than the Bell panels, throughout the [[mantling]] is particularly fine. |
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Top Center Frame: ''Quarterly or and gules, a cross lozengy argent'' (Fotheringhay<ref>T. Robson, ''The British Herald, or Cabinet of Armorial Bearings'', Vol. 1 (Author, Sunderland 1830), [https://books.google.com/books?id=WmEBAAAAQAAJ&dq=Fodringhay%20cross%20lozengy&pg=PT364 Fotheringhay] (Google).</ref>) (here shown as ''Gules, a cross lozengy argent'') Thomas Fotheringhay |
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===3=== |
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Several coats were reconstructed after suffering damage. The fragments of one particular style of mantling have been incorporated within the various reconstructed Arms. Several coats are repeated in the [[Quartering (heraldry)|quarterings]] of the various panels. |
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Fotheringhay/Fodringhay<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/details/visitationsofess13metc/page/52 See pedigree of Fodringhay, Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.52]</ref> quartering Lyndsey<ref>see arms of Lyndsey (''Gules, an eagle displayed argent a bordure engrailed or'') blasoned in pedigree of Thursby, with quarterings of Fodringhay, Dorewod, Harsick, Coggeshall, etc., Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.298; not apparently the arms of Baulney</ref> (''Gules, an eagle displayed argent a bordure engrailed or'') impaling quarterly of 6: 1: ''Ermine, on a chevron [[Sable (heraldry)|sable]] three crescents or'' ([[John Doreward|Dorewod]] of Dorewoods Hall, Bocking, Essex); 2:Coggeshall; 3: Harske/Harsick,<ref>Pedigree of Fodringhay, Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.52</ref> ''Or a Chief indented Sable''; 4:Coggeshall; 5:Harske; 6:Dorewod)<br/> |
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Thomas Fodringhay married Elizabeth Dorward, daughter and heiress of William Dorward (by his wife Mary Harsick, a daughter and co-heiress of Roger Harsick), 2nd son of [[John Doreward]] (died 1420), [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]], by his wife Blanche Coggeshall, daughter and heiress of Sir William Coggeshall.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/visitationsofess13metc/page/104 Pedigree of Dorward, Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.104]</ref> |
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===4=== |
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The following coats occur and have been blazoned accordingly:<ref name="Hussey"/> |
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[[File:BeaupréImpalingMeeres BeaupréHall Norfolk.xcf|thumb|100px|Beaupré impaling Meeres]] |
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Inscribed in Latin: ''Thomas de Beauspre Armiger cepit in uxorem Margareta(m) filia(m) Joh(ann)is Meris Armigeri'') ("Thomas de Beaupre, Esquire, took as his wife Margaret daughter of John Meeres, Esquire"<ref>[http://media.vam.ac.uk/collections/img/2006/AM/2006AM2183_2500.jpg See detailed image]</ref>) |
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Center Left Frame: The Arms of Thomas Beaupré, ''Quarterly - 1 & 4: [[Argent (heraldry)|Argent]], on a [[Bend (heraldry)|bend]] [[Azure (heraldry)|azure]] three cross crosslets [[Or (heraldry)|or]] (Beaupré); 2 & 3: ''Azure, a [[fess]] between six cross crosslets or'' (St Omer)'', impaling the arms of his wife Margaret Meeres/de Meris, daughter of John Meeres (d.1471), ''[[Gules (heraldry)|Gules]], a fess between three water bougets [[Ermine (heraldry)|ermine]]'' (Meeres).<ref>As carved on a bench-end in [[Kirton, Lincolnshire|Kirton]] Church in Lincolnshire (Edward Deacon)</ref><br/> |
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This is the family descended from [[Roger de Kirton|Roger de Meres]] (d.1385) (''alias'' de Kirton/Kirketon), of [[Kirton, Lincolnshire|Kirton Meres]] in Lincolnshire, a King's Sergeant 1367, and a [[Justice of the Common Pleas]] in 1371.<ref>Foss, ''Judges of England'': "Roger de Meres was of a Lincolnshire family, established at Kirketon in the district of Holland"</ref><ref>Edward Deacon, The descent of the family of Deacon of Elstowe and London, with some genealogical, biographical and topographical notes, and sketches of allied families including Reynes of Clifton, and Meres of Kirton, p.18 [http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/edward-deacon/the-descent-of-the-family-of-deacon-of-elstowe-and-london-with-some-genealogica-cae/page-18-the-descent-of-the-family-of-deacon-of-elstowe-and-london-with-some-genealogica-cae.shtml]</ref> |
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===5=== |
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#The Arms of Thomas Beaupré (''[[Argent]] on a [[Bend (heraldry)|Bend]] [[Azure]] three cross crosslets [[Or (heraldry)|Or]]'')-quartering St. Omer (''a [[fess]] between three cross crosslets'') impaling the Arms of his wife Margaret daughter of John Meeres ''d.'' 1471 (''a fess between three water bougets erminy''). |
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[[File:FodringayeQuarteringLyndsey BeaupréHall Norfolk.xcf|thumb|100px|Detail from 1st & 4th grand quarters of impaled shield: Fotheringhay quartering Lyndsey]] |
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#Beaupré-quartering St. Omer- impaling -Fotheringhay, (''Gules a cross indented Argent''), and Baulney (''argent an eagle displayed [[azure]] membered Or'') and [[John Doreward|Dorewod]] of Dorewoods Hall, Bocking, Essex- (''Erminy on a chevron Sable three crescents Or'') -and Harske (''Or a Chief indented sable''). |
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Inscribed above in Latin: ''Nich(olae)us de Beaupré cepit in uxorem Margaretam uniam filiam et heredu Thome Fodringaye Armiger'' ("Nicholas de Beaupré took as his wife Margaret, one of the daughters and heiress of Thomas Fodringaye, Esquire")<br/> |
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#Beaupré-''[[Argent]]'' on a ''[[Bend (heraldry)|Bend]]'' ''[[Azure]]'' ''three cross crosslets'' ''[[Or (heraldry)|Or]]'' quartering St. Omer (''a [[fess]] between three [[cross]] crosslets)'' impaling Mountford of Feltwell (''argent three'' ''[[fleurs-de-lis]]'' ''[[gules]]''). |
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Center Frame: ''Beaupré'' quartering ''St Omer'' impaling, quarterly of 4: 1st & 4th grand quarters: Fotheringhay quartering Lyndsey; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters: quarterly of 6: 1:Dorewod; 2:Coggeshall; 3:Harske/Harsick; 4:Coggeshall; 5:Harske/Harsick; 6:Dorewod;<br/> |
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#Beaupré-quartering St. Omer quartering Fotheringhay. |
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Nicholas Beaupré married Margaret Fodringaye, one of the three daughters and heiresses of Thomas Fodringaye (son of Gerrard Fodringaye) by his wife Elizabeth Dorward, sister and heiress of John Dorward and daughter of William Dorward of Bocking, Essex. One of Margaret's sisters was Christiana Fodringaye, wife of [[John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford]], (1482-1540), KG, Lord Great Chamberlain.<ref name="archive.org"/> |
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#Beaupré-quartering St. Omer impaling Fotheringhay. |
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#Thomas Fotheringhay, (''Sable a cross indented Argent''). |
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===6=== |
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#Sir William Coggeshall, High Sheriff of Essex,(''Sable a cross between four [[Scallop|escallops]]'') married Antiocha Hawkwood, daughter of [[John Hawkwood|Sir John Hawkwood]].<ref name="Josselyn, J. H.">Josselyn, J. H., ''Sir John Hawkwood, the Condottiere, some of his lineal descendants,'' Notes and Queries, 7th series, Vol. X, [[London]], 1890, p. 101-102</ref> |
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[[File:FodringayeQuarteringDorward BeaupréHall Norfolk.xcf|thumb|100px|Detail of 2nd & 3rd grand quarters]] |
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#Fotheringhay. |
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Inscribed above in Latin: ''G(eral)dus (?) de Bellapré filius et heres dict(i) Nich(ola)i Bellispré et Margarete...'' ("Gerald de Beaupré, son and heir of the said Nichholas Beaupré and Margaret...")<br/> |
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#Bell, (''Sable a Fess Ermine between three church Bells Argent''). |
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Center right frame: Quarterly of 4: 1st & 4th grand quarters: Beaupré quartering St Omer; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters: quarterly of 4: 1st & 4th grand quarters: Fotheringhay quartering Lyndsey; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters: quarterly of 6: 1:Dorewod; 2:Coggeshall; 3:Harske/Harsick; 4:Coggeshall; 5:Harske/Harsick; 6:Dorewod; |
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#[[Robert Bell (knight)|Sir Robert Bell]]. |
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#Bell impaling [[John Harington, 1st Baron Harington of Exton|Harrington]],(''Sable a fret Argent''). |
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===7=== |
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#Beaupré quartering Fotheringhay. |
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Bottom Left Frame: ''Sable a Fess Ermine between three church Bells Argent'' (Bell); Inscribed "Bell A(nn)o 1577" |
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#Bell quartering Beaupré. |
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#Beaupré impaling Fotheringhay. |
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===8=== |
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Bottom Center Frame: Arms of [[Robert Bell (knight)|Sir Robert Bell]]. |
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===9=== |
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Bottom Right Frame: ''Bell'' impaling [[John Harington, 1st Baron Harington of Exton|Harington]], ''Sable a fret Argent''. |
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==Final years== |
==Final years== |
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During [[World War II]], Beaupré Hall was used by the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]]. From this point the Hall fell into a state of further disrepair until its |
During [[World War II]], Beaupré Hall was used by the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]]. From this point, the Hall fell into a state of further disrepair until its demolition in 1966. During the 1950s, the grounds of the hall and the barrack huts that had been erected by the RAF were used to house students on the 'Holidays With Pay' scheme run by the government. In the book, ''The Bedside Companion for Ghosthunters'' by [[Ingrid Pitt]], there is an account of a ghost seen by a couple of students who entered the Hall at night; legends of headless horsemen and other spirits roaming the hall have also been reported. [[File:Beaupre Hall.jpg|thumb|right]] |
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== |
==Notes== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{Coord|52.61720|N|0.23343|E|region:GB_source:enwiki-osgb36(TF513045)|display=title}}<!-- Note: WGS84 lat/long, converted from OSGB36 grid ref --> |
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[[Category:Houses in Norfolk]] |
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[[Category:Country houses]] |
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[[Category:Britain's lost houses]] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Beaupre Hall}} |
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[[Category:Country houses in Norfolk]] |
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[[Category:Former country houses in England]] |
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[[Category:British country houses destroyed in the 20th century]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:47, 20 December 2024
| Beaupre Hall | |
|---|---|
 Beaupre Hall, Outwell, Norfolk, | |
  | |
| General information | |
| Type | country house |
| Architectural style | Medieval, Turreted Gate house |
| Location | King's Lynn and West Norfolk, East of England, Norfolk |
| Country | England |
| Coordinates | 52°37′02″N 0°14′00″E / 52.61720°N 0.23343°E |
| Completed | c.1500 |
| Renovated | Enlarged until 1740 |
| Demolished | 1966 |
| Technical details | |
| Material | stone and slate roof |
Beaupré Hall was a large 16th-century house mainly of brick, which was built by the Beaupres in Outwell, Norfolk, England and enlarged by their successors the Bells.[1] Like many of Britain's country houses it was demolished in the mid-20th century.
History of the Hall
[edit]The history of the Hall begins with its family origins, a Norman from Saint-Omer who dwelled and, according to Christopher Hussey "christened his domain with gallic grace, among the dull-sounding names of the danes."[2]
The knight of St Omer (de Beau-pré) accompanied William the Conqueror's invasion of England; he "appears in the Roll of Battle Abbey, and his descendants lived here in their place of Beaupré."[2]
Several other noted members of the St Omer family are Sir Hugh de St Omer and John de St Omer, who according to the chronographer Matthew Paris, were known to have 'penned a counterblast' to a monk of Peterborough who had lampooned the people of Norfolk during the reign of King John; which elevated them to literary fame.[2]
A Sir Thomas de St Omer was keeper of the wardrobe to King Henry III. His successor William de St Omer was granted a fair at Brundale and at Mulbarton, Norfolk, in 1254, where his arms (a fess between six cross-crosslets) could formerly be seen on a monument in the church. Mulbarton came to Sir William Hoo (1335-1410) through his marriage to Alice de St Omer (died c. 1375), daughter of a later Thomas de St Omer and Petronilla de Malmaynes. Sir William Hoo added to heraldic glass which they placed in the chancel windows, and (after a second marriage) was buried there beside Alice.[3][4] His grandson Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings (c. 1396–1455) bore the St Omer arms quartered with Hoo.[5][6][7]
- Beaupré
Christian, daughter and coheir of Thomas de St Omer, married John, the great-great-grandson of one Synulph, who lived during the reign of King Henry II, and had issue: John dicte quoque Beaupré,[8] who lived during the reign of King Edward II, and married Katherine, daughter of Osbert Mountfort. Their son Thomas Beaupré would be raised by his grandmother Christian (last St Omer in this line) after the death of both of his parents. Thomas was knighted by King Edward III, and married Joan Holbeache, and died during the reign of King Richard II.
Generations later the Hall was in the possession of Edmonde Beaupré. After his death in 1567 leaving no male heirs, the hall succeeded to Sir Robert Bell, by virtue of marriage to Edmonde's daughter Dorothie in 1559; whereby his Beaupré line became extinct.[2]
Upon Sir Robert Bell's passing following the events of the Black Assize of Oxford, in 1577, the hall passed to his son Edmonde, and his heirs successively until finally in 1741, Beaupré Bell bequeathed the hall to his sister who married William Greaves, of Fulbourn.
Their daughter Jane brought it by marriage to the Townley family, who held Beaupré Hall until it passed into the hands of Edward Fordham Newling, and his brother.[2]
Construction and architecture
[edit]
Phase I (1500–1530) Main construction of the Hall was carried out during the lives of Nicholas Beaupré and his wife Margaret Fodringey. A number of successive enlargements in the end consisted of over thirty interior rooms. The Hall, emerging from the South-West end, stretched North-East, with an additional wing branching out North-West, at an angle to make a chapel. These structures date from the early 16th century and had corners that were fortified with semi-Gothic spirelets, that were also added to later additions throughout the years.[2]
Phase II (1531–1570) A turreted gatehouse was added c. 1530, and placed in front of the entry facing South-East. This structure was built upon an old model, probably by Edmonde Beaupré during the time of his marriage with Margaret the daughter of Sir John Wiseman, servant to the 15th Earl of Oxford. His second wife, Katherine Wynter (widow of John Wynter of Great Yarmouth*)[9] was the daughter of Phillip Bedingfeld of Ditchingham Hall.
Phase III (1571–1577) After Edmonde Beaupre's death in 1567, the hall was enlarged by the Bells: new construction and renovations included:
Demolishing and rebuilding the body of east wing of the old house (where the living quarters were located).
Refitting the north-east section with porches on each side which had upper levels, and bays in front. From this section a large wing was added spanning south-east (demolished c. 1850), and a small wall was built connecting the wing to the north-east section of the gate house, which effectively enclosed the area to make a courtyard.
Around 1570, the south west end of the Gate House was fitted with a new building that connected a gated section of wall to the south-west wing, making another courtyard. This wing spanned north-west to the main block, and from the main block extended the chapel, which had an altarpiece in the far north-west end.
Phase IV (1577-1935) Aside from several rooms on the first floor and the main door which had 16th-century linenfold paneling, the Hall was variously altered internally by its successors (some negligent) from the 16th century. These alterations included a 17th-century fireplace, Georgian Wainscoting, and other 18th-century paneling. Despite further unfortunate alterations to the back of the Hall during the 19th century, by the early 20th century the Hall was not inhabited and what was left of the building was mostly a ruin.[2][10][11]
Gate House and heraldry
[edit]The Gate House was built around 1525, and was rebuilt and fortified until the time of Edmonde Bell.
The entry had four-centred arches connected to four towers built mostly of brick with stone dressings and upper caps made of ashlar. The second floor of the Gate House was a drawing room, lit by square-headed windows decorated with stone mullions and transom, and fitted with a fine Elizabethan fireplace, which had a marble frame and carved wood overmantel that enclosed the fireplace from the floor to the ceiling and had early Jacobean architecture style paneling with a pair of trimmed arches that were encased and separated by ornate columns, directly above the center of the marble arch frame. Each trimmed arch panel displayed a heraldic relief carving:
The Arms as they appeared on the left or north-west side of the mantelpiece featured the Arms borne by Bell. A Jacobean style pillar, separated this coat and arch from the other where appeared the quartered and impaled Arms of Beaupre: From the sinister top appear the quarters of Edmonde Beaupre/St Omer-Fodringhay/ and Baulney Bottom: Dorewood-Coggeshall-and Harske.
The matrimonial landmarks of the family are recorded in beautiful heraldic glass panels that date from 1570. The Beaupré panels are slightly larger and older than the Bell panels; throughout the mantling is particularly fine.
The following coats occur and have been blazoned accordingly:[2]
1
[edit]Inscribed in Latin: Arma Willi(el)m(i) Coggeshall Militis ("arms of William Coggeshall, Knight")
Top Left Frame: Argent, a cross between four escallops sable (Coggeshall) Sir William Coggeshall (1358–1426), High Sheriff of Essex, who married Antiocha Hawkwood, daughter of Sir John Hawkwood.[12]
2
[edit]Top Center Frame: Quarterly or and gules, a cross lozengy argent (Fotheringhay[13]) (here shown as Gules, a cross lozengy argent) Thomas Fotheringhay
3
[edit]Fotheringhay/Fodringhay[14] quartering Lyndsey[15] (Gules, an eagle displayed argent a bordure engrailed or) impaling quarterly of 6: 1: Ermine, on a chevron sable three crescents or (Dorewod of Dorewoods Hall, Bocking, Essex); 2:Coggeshall; 3: Harske/Harsick,[16] Or a Chief indented Sable; 4:Coggeshall; 5:Harske; 6:Dorewod)
Thomas Fodringhay married Elizabeth Dorward, daughter and heiress of William Dorward (by his wife Mary Harsick, a daughter and co-heiress of Roger Harsick), 2nd son of John Doreward (died 1420), Speaker of the House of Commons, by his wife Blanche Coggeshall, daughter and heiress of Sir William Coggeshall.[17]
4
[edit]
Inscribed in Latin: Thomas de Beauspre Armiger cepit in uxorem Margareta(m) filia(m) Joh(ann)is Meris Armigeri) ("Thomas de Beaupre, Esquire, took as his wife Margaret daughter of John Meeres, Esquire"[18])
Center Left Frame: The Arms of Thomas Beaupré, Quarterly - 1 & 4: Argent, on a bend azure three cross crosslets or (Beaupré); 2 & 3: Azure, a fess between six cross crosslets or (St Omer), impaling the arms of his wife Margaret Meeres/de Meris, daughter of John Meeres (d.1471), Gules, a fess between three water bougets ermine (Meeres).[19]
This is the family descended from Roger de Meres (d.1385) (alias de Kirton/Kirketon), of Kirton Meres in Lincolnshire, a King's Sergeant 1367, and a Justice of the Common Pleas in 1371.[20][21]
5
[edit]
Inscribed above in Latin: Nich(olae)us de Beaupré cepit in uxorem Margaretam uniam filiam et heredu Thome Fodringaye Armiger ("Nicholas de Beaupré took as his wife Margaret, one of the daughters and heiress of Thomas Fodringaye, Esquire")
Center Frame: Beaupré quartering St Omer impaling, quarterly of 4: 1st & 4th grand quarters: Fotheringhay quartering Lyndsey; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters: quarterly of 6: 1:Dorewod; 2:Coggeshall; 3:Harske/Harsick; 4:Coggeshall; 5:Harske/Harsick; 6:Dorewod;
Nicholas Beaupré married Margaret Fodringaye, one of the three daughters and heiresses of Thomas Fodringaye (son of Gerrard Fodringaye) by his wife Elizabeth Dorward, sister and heiress of John Dorward and daughter of William Dorward of Bocking, Essex. One of Margaret's sisters was Christiana Fodringaye, wife of John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford, (1482-1540), KG, Lord Great Chamberlain.[14]
6
[edit]
Inscribed above in Latin: G(eral)dus (?) de Bellapré filius et heres dict(i) Nich(ola)i Bellispré et Margarete... ("Gerald de Beaupré, son and heir of the said Nichholas Beaupré and Margaret...")
Center right frame: Quarterly of 4: 1st & 4th grand quarters: Beaupré quartering St Omer; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters: quarterly of 4: 1st & 4th grand quarters: Fotheringhay quartering Lyndsey; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters: quarterly of 6: 1:Dorewod; 2:Coggeshall; 3:Harske/Harsick; 4:Coggeshall; 5:Harske/Harsick; 6:Dorewod;
7
[edit]Bottom Left Frame: Sable a Fess Ermine between three church Bells Argent (Bell); Inscribed "Bell A(nn)o 1577"
8
[edit]Bottom Center Frame: Arms of Sir Robert Bell.
9
[edit]Bottom Right Frame: Bell impaling Harington, Sable a fret Argent.
Final years
[edit]During World War II, Beaupré Hall was used by the RAF. From this point, the Hall fell into a state of further disrepair until its demolition in 1966. During the 1950s, the grounds of the hall and the barrack huts that had been erected by the RAF were used to house students on the 'Holidays With Pay' scheme run by the government. In the book, The Bedside Companion for Ghosthunters by Ingrid Pitt, there is an account of a ghost seen by a couple of students who entered the Hall at night; legends of headless horsemen and other spirits roaming the hall have also been reported.
Notes
[edit]- ^ grid reference TF513045
- ^ a b c d e f g h Hussey, C., "Beaupré Hall Wisbech, Coventry" Homes and Gardens Old & New, (Country Life), 1923
- ^ W.D. Cooper, 'The families of Braose of Chesworth, and Hoo', Sussex Archaeological Collections VIII (London 1856), pp. 97-131, and pedigree at pp. 130-31 (Internet Archive).
- ^ F. Blomefield, ed. C. Parkin, An Essay Towards a Topographical History of the County of Norfolk, Revised edition, Vol. V (William Miller, London 1806), at pp. 75-79; see also Vol. VII (1807), pp. 219-21 (Hathi Trust).
- ^ J.E. Ray, 'The parish church of All Saints, Herstmonceux, and the Dacre tomb', Sussex Archaeological Collections LVIII (1916), pp. 21-64, at pp. 36-55 (Internet Archive).
- ^ G. Elliott, 'A monumental palimpsest: the Dacre tomb in Herstmonceux church', Sussex Archaeological Collections 148 (2010), pp 129-44. (Read at thekeep.info pdf).
- ^ L.L. Williams, 'A Rouen Book of Hours of the Sarum Use, c. 1444, belonging to Thomas, Lord Hoo, Chancellor of Normandy and France', Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy: Archaeology, Culture, History, Literature, Vol. LXXV (1975), pp. 189-212 (Jstor - Sign-in required).
- ^ "Also called Beaupré".
- ^ Bell, R. R.L., Tudor Bell's Sound Out, pb., 2006. p. 175-6-7
- ^ A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume IV [1]
- ^ Worsley, G., England's Lost Houses, Aurum Press Limited, 2002
- ^ Josselyn, J. H., Sir John Hawkwood, the Condottiere, some of his lineal descendants, Notes and Queries, 7th series, Vol. X, London, 1890, p. 101-102
- ^ T. Robson, The British Herald, or Cabinet of Armorial Bearings, Vol. 1 (Author, Sunderland 1830), Fotheringhay (Google).
- ^ a b See pedigree of Fodringhay, Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.52
- ^ see arms of Lyndsey (Gules, an eagle displayed argent a bordure engrailed or) blasoned in pedigree of Thursby, with quarterings of Fodringhay, Dorewod, Harsick, Coggeshall, etc., Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.298; not apparently the arms of Baulney
- ^ Pedigree of Fodringhay, Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.52
- ^ Pedigree of Dorward, Heraldic Visitation of Essex, 1558, p.104
- ^ See detailed image
- ^ As carved on a bench-end in Kirton Church in Lincolnshire (Edward Deacon)
- ^ Foss, Judges of England: "Roger de Meres was of a Lincolnshire family, established at Kirketon in the district of Holland"
- ^ Edward Deacon, The descent of the family of Deacon of Elstowe and London, with some genealogical, biographical and topographical notes, and sketches of allied families including Reynes of Clifton, and Meres of Kirton, p.18 [2]
