Jump to content

Aleksandër Stavre Drenova: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Yobot (talk | contribs)
Bots
4,733,870 edits
m Updated infobox (BRFA 15) using AWB (7783)
Changing short description from "Albanian poet, writer and activist involved in the Albanian National Awakening" to "Albanian poet, writer and activist"
 
(123 intermediate revisions by 70 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
{{Short description|Albanian poet, writer and activist}}
| name = Aleksandër Stavre Drenova
{{Infobox writer
| image = Asdrenismall.jpg
| imagesize = 200px
| name = Asdreni
| caption = Aleksandër Stavre Drenova
| pseudonym = Asdreni
| pseudonym = Asdreni
| image = Asdreni (portrait).jpg
| image_size =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1872|04|11}}
| caption = Portrait of Asdreni, 1938
| birth_place = [[Drenovë]], [[Albania]] (then [[Ottoman Empire]])
| birth_name = Aleksandër Stavre Drenova
| death_date = 1947 (aged 75)
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1872|04|11}}
| death_place = [[Bucarest]], [[Romania]]
| birth_place = [[Drenovë]], [[Ottoman Empire]] <small>(current Albania)</small>
| occupation = writer, poet
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1947|12|11|1872|04|11}}
| nationality = [[Albanians|Albanian]]
| death_place = [[Bucharest]], [[People's Republic of Romania|Romania]]
| period = 1904-1940
| occupation = {{hlist|Poet|[[rilindas]]|translator|writer}}
| genre = Lyrics, novels.
| language = {{hlist|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]|[[Romanian language|Romanian]]}}
| notableworks =
| spouse =
| alma_mater =
| genre = {{hlist|[[Literary realism|Realism]]|[[Romanticism]]}}
| partner =
| movement = [[Albanian Renaissance]]
| spouse =
| children =
| relations = Stavri Thimiu (father)
| signature = Asdreni (nënshkrim).svg
| signature_alt = Signature of Asdreni
| signature_size = 125px
}}
}}
'''Aleksandër Stavre Drenova''' ({{IPA-sq|alɛkˈsandəɾ staˈvɾɛ dɾɛˈnova|pron}}; 11 April 1872{{snds}}11 December 1947), commonly known by the [[pen name]] '''Asdreni''', was an [[Albanians|Albanian]] poet, [[rilindas]], translator, writer and the author of the poem which later became the [[national anthem]] of [[Albania]].<ref>{{cite web |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=MODERN ALBANIAN LITERATURE AND ITS RECEPTION IN THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD |url=http://www.elsie.de/pdf/articles/A2005AlbWritingEnglTrans.pdf |website=elsie.de |pages=6–7 }}</ref><ref name="Anthem">{{cite web|url=http://geocities.com/vaso_tole/Albanian/NationAnthem-AL.html |title=Himni kombëtar |date=26 October 2009 |access-date=25 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026231048/http://geocities.com/vaso_tole/Albanian/NationAnthem-AL.html |archive-date=26 October 2009 }}</ref> He is regarded as one of the most influential [[Albanian literature|Albanian writers]] of the 20th century and composed most of his [[Albanian Renaissance]]-inspired known works during that period.
Born in the village of [[Drenovë]], Asdreni completed his academic studies at the [[University of Bucharest]] in Romania where he enthusiastically committed himself to the [[Declaration of independence of Albania|Independence of Albania]] from the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name="Elsie 2">{{cite book |author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie |title=Albanian Literature: A Short History |publisher=I.B.Tauris, 2005 |isbn=9781845110314 |language=en |chapter=5|date=29 July 2005 }}</ref> He maintained close liaison with fellow [[Gjergj Fishta]] and [[Lasgush Poradeci]] and was notably inspired by the patriots [[Girolamo de Rada]] and [[Naim Frashëri]].
''Rreze dielli'', a collection of 99 poems, was his first prominent work which he dedicated to the national hero of Albania [[Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg]]. Devoted to [[Edith Durham]] a friend of Albania, his second collection of again 99 poems, ''Ëndrra e lotë'', displayed a wider range of themes and motifs as well as his more astonishing maturity.


On the 30th of June 2021 the new 10000 [[Albanian lek|Lekë]] banknote was issued by the Bank of Albania with the main portrait being that of Asdreni.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1000 Lekë dhe 10000 Lekë |url=https://www.bankofalbania.org/Paraja/Seria_e_Re_e_Kartemonedhave/1000_Leke_dhe_10000_Leke/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720113811/https://www.bankofalbania.org/Paraja/Seria_e_Re_e_Kartemonedhave/1000_Leke_dhe_10000_Leke/ |archive-date=2021-07-20 |access-date=2022-02-23 |website=www.bankofalbania.org}}</ref>
'''Aleksandër Stavre Drenova''', best known under his [[pen name]] '''Asdreni''' (11 April 1872–1947), was one of the most well-known [[Albania]]n poets. One of his most recognizable poems is the [[Albanian National Anthem]], ''Hymni i Flamurit''.


==Biography==
== Biography ==
Born in the village of [[Drenovë]], near [[Korçë]], he studied at a [[Greek language|Greek]] school in his village. His father died when he was just thirteen. In 1885, Drenova moved to [[Bucharest]], [[Romania]], where he rejoined his brothers. While there, he was exposed to other Albanian writers and nationalists (''see [[Albanians of Romania]]'').


=== Life and career ===
In 1904, Asdreni published his first collection of ninety-nine poems called ''Rreze dielli'' ("Sun Rays"), dedicated to [[Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg|Skanderbeg]], the Albanian national hero. His second ninety-nine poem collection, ''Ëndrra e lotë'' ("Dreams and Tears") was published in 1912 and was dedicated to the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Anthropology|anthropologist]] [[Edith Durham]]. Asdreni's third collection, ''Psallme murgu'' ("Psalms of a Monk"), came in 1930.


Asdreni was born as Aleksandër Stavre Drenova on 11 April 1872 into an [[Albanian people|Albanian]] peasant family of [[Albanian Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] faith in the village of [[Drenovë]] close to the city of [[Korçë]] in what was then part of the [[Ottoman Empire]] and is now [[Albania]].<ref name="Elsie 2"/><ref name="Pipa">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kdfaoQEACAAJ |title=Trilogia Albanica III: Albanian Literature: Social Perspectives|publisher=Princi|author1=Arshi Pipa|author-link1=Arshi Pipa|year=2014|pages=112|trans-title=Trilogjia Albanika III: Letërsia shqipe: Perspektiva shoqërore|isbn=978-9928-4090-9-6|orig-year=1978|translator=Primo Shllaku}}</ref> In his native village he properly received his early formal education at a Greek primary school and had just started secondary school in Korçë subsequently his father, Stavri Thimiu, died leaving him fatherless.<ref name="Elsie">{{Cite book|title=Histori e Letërsisë Shqiptare|author1=Robert Elsie |author-link1=Robert Elsie|publisher=Dukagjini|year=1997|location=Tiranë-Pejë|pages=179–180|translator=Abdurrahman Myftiu}}</ref>
After a brief return to Albania in 1914, Aleksandër returned to Romania and continued to take interest in the Albanian national movement. He visited Albania again in 1937, but he soon after again returned to Romania, where he lived the rest of his life.


The surrounding region Korçë had been a prime source of [[Albanian diaspora|Albanian migration]] which was additionally strengthened by an earthquake in 1879.<ref name="Elsie 2"/> He consequently migrated to [[Bucharest]] in 1885 and rejoined his more elderly brothers where he also commenced his short-living studies at the Faculty of Political Science of the [[University of Bucharest]].<ref name="Elsie 2"/>
==External links==

{{Wikisource author|Aleksander Stavre Drenova}}
In the new country, Asdreni came into liaison with other [[Albanians of Romania|Albanian]] intellectuals and writers with whom he started to strengthen the [[Albanian diaspora]] in Romania for the struggle of national liberation.<ref name="Elsie 2"/> Prior to that, he was strongly inspired by [[Girolamo de Rada]] and [[Naim Frashëri]] as well as by the [[Albanian Renaissance]] in which the Albanians came to acknowledge themselves as a nation deserving the right to govern themselves.
*[http://www.albanianliterature.net/html/authors/bio/asdreni.html Biography] and [http://www.albanianliterature.net/html/authors/poetry/asdreni.html Poems] of Asdreni by [[Robert Elsie]].

== Literature ==

=== Writings and publication ===

[[File:Lasgush Poradeci, Ernest Koliqi, At Gjergj Fishta and Asdreni.jpg|thumb|upright|Asdreni with his fellows [[Lasgush Poradeci]], [[Ernest Koliqi]] and [[Gjergj Fishta]]. They are all among the most influential Albanian writers of the 20th century.]]

The literary career of Asdreni blossomed simultaneously with the beginning of the 20th century. In his first work, a collection of 99 poems known as the ''Rreze dielli'' dedicated to the Albanian [[Hero of Albania|national hero]] [[Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg|Skanderbeg]] who led a successful [[Skanderbeg's rebellion|resistance]] to Ottoman expansion into Europe, he followed the literary traditions of [[Naim Frashëri]] and raised his love for the motherland encouraging his compatriots to enter the struggle for [[Albanian Declaration of Independence|liberation]] from the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name="Elsie 2"/>

''Ëndrra e lotë'', his second work also composed of 99 poems dedicated to [[Edith Durham]] who travelled extensively across Albania, is characterised by a wealth of poetic values. He instantly expressed his democratic values, his interests in societal problems at the time as well as his critical discourses on foreign domination. It was an important step from [[Romanticism]] towards [[Realism (literature)|Realism]] which was characterised by the historical time frame and reference, and writing about events and situations that happened in real life.
His poem "Kënga e bashkimit" (The Song of Unity), published in the volume Ëndrra [dh]e lotë ("Dreams and tears", 1912), is a clear adaptation of the Romanian song "[[Hora Unirii]]" by [[Vasile Alecsandri]].<ref>[[Robert Elsie]], Albanian literature: a short history, 2005, p. 104.</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of Albanian writers]]
* [[National anthem of Albania]]
* [[Albanians of Romania]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.albanianliterature.net/html/authors/bio/asdreni.html Biography]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} and [http://www.albanianliterature.net/html/authors/poetry/asdreni.html Poems]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} of Asdreni by [[Robert Elsie]].
*[http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/Aut1165.htm Asdreni's works]: text, concordances and frequency list (Albanian and English)
*[http://www.intratext.com/Catalogo/Autori/Aut1165.htm Asdreni's works]: text, concordances and frequency list (Albanian and English)


{{Commons Category}}
{{Albanian Literature}}
{{Albanian Literature}}
{{Rilindas}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
{{Subject bar
| NAME = Drenova, Aleksander Stavre
|book =
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
|portal =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = 11 April 1872
|commons = y
|wikt = y
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Drenovë]], [[Albania]] (then [[Ottoman Empire]])
| DATE OF DEATH = 1947
|wikt-search = Drenova
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Bucarest]], [[Romania]]
|b = y
|b-search = Aleksander Stavre Drenova's Works
|q = y
|s = y
|s-search = Author:Aleksander Stavre Drenova
}}
}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Drenova, Aleksander Stavre}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Drenova, Aleksander Stavre}}
[[Category:1872 births]]
[[Category:1872 births]]
[[Category:1947 deaths]]
[[Category:1947 deaths]]
[[Category:Albanian poets]]
[[Category:Activists of the Albanian National Awakening]]
[[Category:Romanian people of Albanian descent]]
[[Category:Albanian-language poets]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Albania]]
[[Category:Albanian-language writers]]
[[Category:Albanian male poets]]
[[Category:Albanian translators]]
[[Category:Albanian male writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Albanian poets]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Albanian writers]]
[[Category:Romantic poets]]
[[Category:National anthem writers]]
[[Category:National anthem writers]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Albania]]

[[Category:Albanian expatriates in Romania]]
[[bg:Александър Ставре Дренова]]
[[Category:Romanian people of Albanian descent]]
[[cs:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[Category:People from Manastir vilayet]]
[[de:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[Category:People from Korçë County]]
[[el:Αλεξάντερ Σταύρι Ντρενόβα]]
[[es:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[fr:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[ia:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[it:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[pl:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[pt:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[ro:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[sq:Aleksandër Stavre Drenova]]
[[fi:Aleksander Stavre Drenova]]
[[sv:Alexander Stavre Drenova]]

Latest revision as of 22:42, 2 December 2024

Asdreni
Portrait of Asdreni, 1938
Portrait of Asdreni, 1938
BornAleksandër Stavre Drenova
(1872-04-11)11 April 1872
Drenovë, Ottoman Empire (current Albania)
Died11 December 1947(1947-12-11) (aged 75)
Bucharest, Romania
Pen nameAsdreni
Occupation
Language
Genre
Literary movementAlbanian Renaissance
RelativesStavri Thimiu (father)
Signature
Signature of Asdreni

Aleksandër Stavre Drenova (pronounced [alɛkˈsandəɾ staˈvɾɛ dɾɛˈnova]; 11 April 1872 – 11 December 1947), commonly known by the pen name Asdreni, was an Albanian poet, rilindas, translator, writer and the author of the poem which later became the national anthem of Albania.[1][2] He is regarded as one of the most influential Albanian writers of the 20th century and composed most of his Albanian Renaissance-inspired known works during that period.

Born in the village of Drenovë, Asdreni completed his academic studies at the University of Bucharest in Romania where he enthusiastically committed himself to the Independence of Albania from the Ottoman Empire.[3] He maintained close liaison with fellow Gjergj Fishta and Lasgush Poradeci and was notably inspired by the patriots Girolamo de Rada and Naim Frashëri.

Rreze dielli, a collection of 99 poems, was his first prominent work which he dedicated to the national hero of Albania Gjergj Kastrioti Skanderbeg. Devoted to Edith Durham a friend of Albania, his second collection of again 99 poems, Ëndrra e lotë, displayed a wider range of themes and motifs as well as his more astonishing maturity.

On the 30th of June 2021 the new 10000 Lekë banknote was issued by the Bank of Albania with the main portrait being that of Asdreni.[4]

Biography

[edit]

Life and career

[edit]

Asdreni was born as Aleksandër Stavre Drenova on 11 April 1872 into an Albanian peasant family of Eastern Orthodox faith in the village of Drenovë close to the city of Korçë in what was then part of the Ottoman Empire and is now Albania.[3][5] In his native village he properly received his early formal education at a Greek primary school and had just started secondary school in Korçë subsequently his father, Stavri Thimiu, died leaving him fatherless.[6]

The surrounding region Korçë had been a prime source of Albanian migration which was additionally strengthened by an earthquake in 1879.[3] He consequently migrated to Bucharest in 1885 and rejoined his more elderly brothers where he also commenced his short-living studies at the Faculty of Political Science of the University of Bucharest.[3]

In the new country, Asdreni came into liaison with other Albanian intellectuals and writers with whom he started to strengthen the Albanian diaspora in Romania for the struggle of national liberation.[3] Prior to that, he was strongly inspired by Girolamo de Rada and Naim Frashëri as well as by the Albanian Renaissance in which the Albanians came to acknowledge themselves as a nation deserving the right to govern themselves.

Literature

[edit]

Writings and publication

[edit]
Asdreni with his fellows Lasgush Poradeci, Ernest Koliqi and Gjergj Fishta. They are all among the most influential Albanian writers of the 20th century.

The literary career of Asdreni blossomed simultaneously with the beginning of the 20th century. In his first work, a collection of 99 poems known as the Rreze dielli dedicated to the Albanian national hero Skanderbeg who led a successful resistance to Ottoman expansion into Europe, he followed the literary traditions of Naim Frashëri and raised his love for the motherland encouraging his compatriots to enter the struggle for liberation from the Ottoman Empire.[3]

Ëndrra e lotë, his second work also composed of 99 poems dedicated to Edith Durham who travelled extensively across Albania, is characterised by a wealth of poetic values. He instantly expressed his democratic values, his interests in societal problems at the time as well as his critical discourses on foreign domination. It was an important step from Romanticism towards Realism which was characterised by the historical time frame and reference, and writing about events and situations that happened in real life.

His poem "Kënga e bashkimit" (The Song of Unity), published in the volume Ëndrra [dh]e lotë ("Dreams and tears", 1912), is a clear adaptation of the Romanian song "Hora Unirii" by Vasile Alecsandri.[7]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Robert Elsie. "MODERN ALBANIAN LITERATURE AND ITS RECEPTION IN THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD" (PDF). elsie.de. pp. 6–7.
  2. ^ "Himni kombëtar". 26 October 2009. Archived from the original on 26 October 2009. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Robert Elsie (29 July 2005). "5". Albanian Literature: A Short History. I.B.Tauris, 2005. ISBN 9781845110314.
  4. ^ "1000 Lekë dhe 10000 Lekë". www.bankofalbania.org. Archived from the original on 20 July 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  5. ^ Arshi Pipa (2014) [1978]. Trilogia Albanica III: Albanian Literature: Social Perspectives [Trilogjia Albanika III: Letërsia shqipe: Perspektiva shoqërore]. Translated by Primo Shllaku. Princi. p. 112. ISBN 978-9928-4090-9-6.
  6. ^ Robert Elsie (1997). Histori e Letërsisë Shqiptare. Translated by Abdurrahman Myftiu. Tiranë-Pejë: Dukagjini. pp. 179–180.
  7. ^ Robert Elsie, Albanian literature: a short history, 2005, p. 104.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aleksandër Stavre Drenova.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Aleksandër_Stavre_Drenova&oldid=1260846147"