Jimmy Snuka: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Fijian American professional wrestler (1943–2017)}} |
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{{Infobox wrestler |
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{{For|his son Jimmy Snuka Jr.|Deuce (wrestler)}} |
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{{Use American English|date=August 2020}} |
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|caption = Snuka at the [[Top Rope Promotions]] event held in [[North Attleboro, Massachusetts]] on July 31, 2011. |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}} |
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|name = Jimmy Snuka |
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{{Infobox professional wrestler |
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| names = '''Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka'''<ref name="OWOW"/><br />Jimmy Kealoha<ref name="OWOW"/><br />Lani Kealoha<ref name="OWOW"/><br />Tami Snuka<ref name="OWOW"/><br />The Superfly<ref name="OWOW"/><br />Big Snuka<ref name="OWOW"/><br />Silver Shadow<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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|image = Jimmy Superfly Snuka Paparazzo Photography.jpg |
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| height = {{convert|5|ft|10|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="WWEbio"/> |
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|caption = Snuka in 2011 |
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| weight = {{convert|250|lb|abbr=on}}<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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|name = Jimmy Snuka |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1943|5|18}}<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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|birthname = James Wiley Smith |
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| death_date = |
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|names = Jimmy Snuka<ref name= WWEbio /><br />Jimmy Kealoha<ref name=meltzer>{{cite book| pages= 111–112| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-rFZAAAAYAAJ&q=%22jimmy+snuka%22|first=Dave|last=Meltzer|year=1996| publisher= Wrestling Observer| title= The Wrestling Observer's Who's Who in Pro Wrestling}}</ref><br />Lani Kealoha<ref name= dictionary>{{cite book| title= Historical Dictionary of Wrestling| page= 272 |year= 2014| publisher= Scarecrow Press |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=KUsJAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA272| isbn= 9780810879263 }}</ref><br />Tami Snuka<ref name= meltzer/><br />The Superfly<br />Big Snuka<ref name=meltzer/><br />Great Snuka<ref name= dictionary /> |
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| birth_place = [[Fiji]] |
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|height = 5 ft 10 in<ref name=Encyclopedia>{{cite book|title=WWE Encyclopedia|last1=Shields|first1=Brian|last2=Sullivan|first2=Kevin|page=[https://archive.org/details/wweencyclopediad0000shie/page/155 155]|publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley|DK]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0-7566-4190-0|url=https://archive.org/details/wweencyclopediad0000shie/page/155}}</ref> |
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| resides = [[Clifton, New Jersey]], [[United States]] |
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|children = [[Deuce (wrestler)|Jimmy "Deuce" Snuka, Jr.]], Liana Snuka and [[Tamina Snuka|Tamina]] |
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| billed = The Fiji Islands<ref name="WWEbio"/> |
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| family = [[Anoaʻi family|Anoaʻi]]<ref name="people.com">{{cite web | url=https://people.com/sports/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-mourns-uncle-jimmy-superfly-snuka-inside-the-samoan-familys-wrestling-roots/#:~:text=Snuka%20was%20technically%20related%20to,the%20whole%20family%E2%80%9D%20in%20Samoan | title=Superfly Snuka and the Anoa'i Family }}</ref><!-- This is the correct formatting --> |
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| trainer = [[Danny Hodge]]<ref name="WWEbio"/> |
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|weight = 235 lb<ref name= Encyclopedia/> |
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|spouse = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|Sharon Snuka|1964|1999|reason=divorced}} |{{marriage|Carole Snuka|September 4, 2004}}}} |
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|birth_date = {{Birth date|1943|5|18}} |
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|birth_place = [[Suva]], Fiji{{Efn|Fiji was a [[Colony of Fiji|British colony]] at the time of Snuka's birth.}} |
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|death_cause = |
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|death_date = {{death date and age|2017|1|15|1943|5|18}} |
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|death_place = [[Coral Springs, Florida]], U.S. |
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|billed = [[Fiji|The Fiji Islands]]<ref name= WWEbio /> |
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|trainer = [[Danny Hodge]]<ref name= WWEbio /> |
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|debut = 1968<ref name=mainevent51>{{cite book|isbn=978-1416532576|title=Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s|page=[https://archive.org/details/mainevent00bria/page/51 51]|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2010|first=Brian|last=Shields|url=https://archive.org/details/mainevent00bria/page/51}}</ref> |
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|retired = 2015<ref name= Call>{{cite web|last1=Mason Schroeder|first1=Laurie|title=Psychologist says Snuka 'shell of a man,' but video shows 'Superfly Splash' from last year|url=http://www.mcall.com/news/local/police/mc-jimmy-superfly-snuka-competency-hearing-20160513-story.html|work=[[The Morning Call]]|access-date=May 15, 2016|date=May 13, 2016|archive-date=May 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514114041/http://www.mcall.com/news/local/police/mc-jimmy-superfly-snuka-competency-hearing-20160513-story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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}} |
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'''James Reiher Snuka'''{{efn|Reiher legally changed his surname to Snuka.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20130120/PC20/130129958/1131/mooneyham-column-superfly-jimmy-snuka-soars-again-in-new-book|title= Superfly Jimmy Snuka soars again in new book|last= Mooneyham| first= Mike| work=[[The Post and Courier]]|date=January 20, 2013|access-date=August 6, 2015}}</ref>}} (born '''James Wiley Smith'''; May 18, 1943 – January 15, 2017) was a Fijian and American professional wrestler, better known by the [[ring name]] '''Jimmy''' "'''Superfly'''" '''Snuka'''. |
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Snuka wrestled for several promotions from the 1970s to 2010s. He was best known for his time in the [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF, now WWE) in the 1980s to where he was credited with introducing the high-flying wrestling style.<ref name= WWEbio>{{cite web|title="Superfly" Jimmy Snuka bio|url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jimmysnuka|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717160817/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jimmysnuka |archive-date= July 17, 2015|publisher= WWE| access-date= September 3, 2015}}</ref> He was inducted into the [[WWF Hall of Fame]] in 1996, and was the inaugural [[ECW World Heavyweight Championship|ECW World Heavyweight Champion]] (a title he [[List of ECW World Heavyweight Champions|held twice]]) in [[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]] (later Extreme Championship Wrestling). His children, [[Deuce (wrestler)|Sim Snuka]] and [[Tamina Snuka]], are both professional wrestlers. |
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Snuka was indicted and arrested in September 2015 on third-degree murder and involuntary manslaughter charges in relation to the May 1983 death of his girlfriend and mistress, Nancy Argentino, in [[Allentown, Pennsylvania]]. He pleaded not guilty,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-grand-jury-announcement-20150901-story.html|title= Wrestling legend Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka to be charged in girlfriend's 1983 death| last= Gamiz |first= Manuel Jr.|date=September 1, 2015|work=[[The Morning Call]]|access-date=September 1, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| agency= [[Associated Press]] |url= http://www.northjersey.com/news/ex-wrestler-jimmy-superfly-snuka-charged-in-girlfriend-s-1983-death-1.1401906 |title= Ex-wrestler Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka charged in girlfriend's 1983 death| work= [[The Record (Bergen County)]]| date= September 1, 2015| access-date= September 2, 2015| quote= Snuka, now 72 and living in Waterford Township, N.J., wrote about Argentino's death in his 2012 autobiography, maintaining his innocence and saying the episode had ruined his life.}}</ref> but was found unfit to stand trial in June 2016 due to [[dementia]].<ref name= CBS>{{cite web|title=Judge: Former pro wrestler "Superfly" Snuka incompetent to stand trial|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/judge-former-pro-wrestler-jimmy-superfly-snuka-incompetent-to-stand-trial/ |work= [[CBS News]]| access-date= June 1, 2016|date=June 1, 2016}}</ref> Terminally ill with abdominal issues,<ref name=six/> his charges were dismissed on January 3, 2017, twelve days before his death.<ref name= dismissed /> |
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==Professional wrestling career== |
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===Early career=== |
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Reiher was active in amateur bodybuilding in Hawaii in the 1960s. He also enjoyed some success as a professional bodybuilder, earning the titles of Mr. Hawaii, Mr. Waikiki and Mr. North Shore.<ref name="wrestlingmuseum.com">http://www.wrestlingmuseum.com/pages/wrestlers/jimmysnuka2.html</ref> Reiher opted to go into the more lucrative career of professional wrestling due to his uncertainty of making a living in bodybuilding.<ref>World Wrestling Federation (Producer), Snuka, J. (Writer), & Graham, D. (Director). (1982). Spectrum wrestling [Motion picture]. USA: World Wrestling Federation.</ref> While working at [[Dean_Higuchi#Dean.27s_Gym|Dean Ho's gym]] in Hawaii, Snuka met many of the wrestlers who worked in the South Pacific region and decided to try the sport.<ref name="wrestlingmuseum.com"/> Snuka made his debut as Jimmy Kealoha fighting Maxwell "Bunny" Butler in [[Hawaii]] in 1970.<ref name="jimmysnuka.com">http://www.jimmysnuka.com/bio.asp</ref> He later moved to the mainland and wrestled for [[Don Owen (wrestling promoter)|Don Owen]]’s [[Pacific Northwest Wrestling|NWA Pacific Northwest]] territory where he held the belt as Heavyweight Champion six times.<ref name="jimmysnuka.com"/> He first won the title by pinning [[Bull Ramos]] on November 16, 1973.<ref name="jimmysnuka.com"/> It was in this territory, that Reiher transformed himself into Jimmy Snuka. Snuka also held the NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship six times with partner [[Dutch Savage]]. Snuka also had a two year feud with another rookie, [[Jesse Ventura|Jesse "The Body" Ventura]]. |
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== Early life == |
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[[File:JimmysnukaatMapleleafgardens1981.jpg|thumb|left|Snuka in 1981, entering the ring at [[Maple Leaf Gardens]] in [[Toronto]].]] |
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Snuka was born in the [[British Empire|British colony]] of [[Colony of Fiji|Fiji]] on May 18, 1943, to Louisa Smith and Charles Thomas.<ref name=born>{{cite book|title=Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story|last1=Snuka |first1=Jimmy|last2=Chattman |first2=Jon |publisher=[[Triumph Books]] |year=2012 |page=1 |isbn= 978-1600787584| quote=I was born James Wiley Smith in the Fiji Islands, or Viti, as we call it, on May 18, 1943.}}</ref> Thomas was married to another woman, and Smith was engaged to Bernard Reiher. Before Snuka was born, his mother married Reiher.<ref>{{cite book| title= Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story|last1=Snuka |first1=Jimmy|last2=Chattman |first2=Jon |publisher=[[Triumph Books]] |year=2012 |page= 2 |isbn=978-1600787584}}</ref> As a child, Snuka moved with his family to the [[Marshall Islands]] and then to [[Hawaii]].<ref name= pwhf /> |
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Snuka also wrestled in several other [[National Wrestling Alliance]] (NWA) regions, including [[World Class Championship Wrestling|Texas]]. In 1977, he won both the Texas Heavyweight and Tag Team titles. Snuka then left for the [[Jim Crockett Promotions|Mid-Atlantic]] where he formed a tag team with [[Paul Orndorff]]. Orndorff and Snuka defeated [[Baron von Raschke]] and [[Greg Valentine]] to become the tag team title holders in 1979. On September 1, 1979, Snuka defeated [[Ricky Steamboat]] to hold the United States title. Snuka also formed a tag team with [[Ray Stevens (wrestler)|Ray Stevens]] while with this promotion. His career eventually led him to [[Georgia Championship Wrestling|Georgia]], where he teamed with [[Terry Gordy]] to win the NWA National Tag Team Champions by defeating [[Ted DiBiase]] and [[Steve Olsonoski]]. |
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Snuka was active in amateur [[bodybuilding]] in Hawaii in the 1960s. He also enjoyed some success as a professional bodybuilder, earning the titles of Mr. Hawaii, Mr. Waikiki and Mr. North Shore.<ref name= museum /> |
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===World Wrestling Federation (1982–1985)=== |
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In January 1982 Snuka entered the [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF) as a [[Heel (professional wrestling)|villainous character]] under the guidance of [[Lou Albano|Captain Lou Albano]]. Snuka lost several title shots at [[WWE Championship|WWF Champion]] [[Bob Backlund]], including a [[Professional wrestling match types#Cages|steel cage match]] at [[Madison Square Garden]] on June 28, 1982 in which Snuka leapt from the top of the cage, barely missing Backlund who managed to escape the cage for the win. The contest would be declared [[PWI Match of the Year|Match of the Year]] by ''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated]]''. |
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== Professional wrestling career == |
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Even though Snuka was a villain, the Northeast fans started to cheer on Snuka and his athletic style. An angle was created late in the year which revealed- on an episode of [[Buddy Rogers (wrestler)|Buddy Rogers]]' ''Victory Corner''- that Snuka was being financially ripped off by [[Lou Albano]], thus releasing Snuka from Albano's managerial services. Albano then attacked Snuka with the help of [[Fred Blassie|"Classy" Freddie Blassie]]'s newest arrival, Snuka's former tag team partner [[Ray Stevens (wrestler)|Ray Stevens]]. The attack solidified Snuka's new role as a [[face (professional wrestling)|fan favorite]] seeking to settle the score. Snuka brought in his former manager from the Mid-Atlantic territory, [[Buddy Rogers (wrestler)|"Nature Boy" Buddy Rogers]] and embarked on a mixture of tag and singles matches against Stevens and Albano across the region. |
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=== Early career (1968–1981) === |
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[[File:Jimmy Snuka - Big Time Wrestling Dallas - 28 June 1977 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Snuka in 1977]] |
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Snuka opted to go into the more lucrative career of professional wrestling due to the uncertainty of his making a living in bodybuilding.<ref>World Wrestling Federation (Producer), Snuka, J. (Writer), & Graham, D. (Director). (1982). Spectrum wrestling [Motion picture]. USA: World Wrestling Federation.</ref> While working at [[Dean Higuchi#Dean.27s Gym|Dean Ho's gym]] in Hawaii, Snuka met many of the wrestlers who worked in the South Pacific region and decided to try the business.<ref name=museum/> Snuka made his debut as Jimmy Kealoha fighting Maxwell "Bunny" Butler in [[Hawaii]] in 1970. He later moved to the mainland and wrestled for [[Don Owen (wrestling promoter)|Don Owen]]’s [[Pacific Northwest Wrestling|NWA Pacific Northwest]] territory where he held the belt as heavyweight champion six times.<ref>{{cite book|title=WWE Legends|publisher=Simon and Schuster| page= 79| isbn= 978-1451604504| first=Brian|last=Solomon|year=2010}}</ref> He first won the title by pinning [[Apache Bull Ramos|Bull Ramos]] on November 16, 1973.<ref name=book62>{{cite book|page=62|isbn=978-1617499807|publisher=Triumph|title=Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story| first= Jimmy| last= Snuka|year=2012}}</ref> It was in this territory that Reiher transformed himself into Jimmy Snuka. Snuka also held the NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship six times with partner [[Dutch Savage]]. Snuka also had a two-year feud with another rookie, [[Jesse Ventura|Jesse "the Body" Ventura]].<ref name=museum/> |
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Snuka also wrestled in several other [[National Wrestling Alliance]] (NWA) regions, including [[World Class Championship Wrestling|Texas]]. In 1977, he won both the Texas heavyweight and tag team titles. Snuka then left for the [[Jim Crockett Promotions|Mid-Atlantic]] where he formed a tag team with [[Paul Orndorff]]. In their first television match they defeated the NWA World Tag Team champions [[Jack Brisco|Jack]] and [[Jerry Brisco]] in a non-title bout. Orndorff and Snuka defeated [[Baron von Raschke]] and [[Greg Valentine]] to become the tag team title holders in 1979. On September 1, 1979, Snuka defeated [[Ricky Steamboat]] to hold the United States title. Snuka also formed a tag team with [[Ray Stevens (wrestler)|Ray Stevens]] while with this promotion. His career eventually led him to [[Georgia Championship Wrestling|Georgia]], where he teamed with [[Terry Gordy]] to win the NWA National Tag Team Championship by defeating [[Ted DiBiase]] and [[Steve Olsonoski]]."<ref name= gordy>{{cite web |url= http://www.f4wonline.com/more/more-top-stories/118-daily-updates/43428-on-this-day-in-wrestling-history-gordy-a-snuka-win-belts-santana-vs-valentine-goldberg-vs-hogan-seta-wcw-record- |publisher=Figure Four Wrestling |title=On this day in pro wrestling history (July 6): Terry Gordy & Jimmy Snuka win belts, Santana vs. Valentine, Goldberg vs. Hogan seta WCW record |date=July 6, 2015 |first=Brian |last=Hoops |access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref> |
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Snuka also feuded with "Magnificent" [[Don Muraco]] in 1983, which began after Snuka entered the ring for a preliminary match while Muraco, the [[WWE Intercontinental Championship|Intercontinental Champion]], was being interviewed. Muraco, enraged at the perceived lack of respect, confronted Snuka at ringside, triggering a wild brawl. This feud led to a defining moment of Snuka's career on October 17, 1983, in a steel cage match at Madison Square Garden. The match ended in a loss for the Superfly, but afterward he dragged Muraco back into the ring and connected with the most famous Superfly Splash of his career, off the top of the {{convert|15|ft|m|sing=on}} high steel cage.<ref name="Foley, Mick p.34">Foley, Mick. Have A Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks (p.34)</ref> Future wrestling stars [[Jim Fullington|The Sandman]], [[Mick Foley]], [[Tommy Dreamer]], and [[Mark LoMonaco|Bubba Ray Dudley]] were all in attendance at the event and cite this match as the reason they decided to aggressively pursue professional wrestling.<ref name="Foley, Mick p.34"/> |
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=== World Wrestling Federation (1982–1985) === |
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In June 1984, Snuka became embroiled in an intense feud with one of the WWF's top villains, [[Roddy Piper|"Rowdy" Roddy Piper]]. In a segment of ''[[Piper's Pit]]'', Piper brought bananas, pineapples, and coconuts to the interview to make Snuka "feel more at home" but said he did not get a tree for Snuka to "climb up and down like a monkey." Piper then proceeded to smash a coconut on his head when he turned his back momentarily. The attack led to a series of grudge matches between the two that were played out over venues across the US throughout the summer of 1984. The remainder of Snuka's initial WWF stint would see him frequently tangling with Piper one way or another, often via tag matches or wrestling Piper's closest ally, [[Bob Orton, Jr.]] Snuka defeated Orton at ''[[The War to Settle the Score]]'' and put Orton's left arm in a cast for over a year. The feud played a small part in the first ever [[WrestleMania (1985)|WrestleMania]] in March 1985, when Snuka acted as a cornerman for [[Hulk Hogan]] and [[Mr. T]] when they faced Piper and [[Paul Orndorff]] (with Orton in their corner). The Superfly vanished from the WWF in August 1985, though he still appeared in cartoon form when ''[[Hulk Hogan's Rock 'n' Wrestling]]'' premiered the following month. |
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[[File:JimmysnukaatMapleleafgardens1981.jpg|thumb|left|Jimmy Snuka in 1981 at a wrestling event in the Maple Leaf Gardens arena in Toronto, Ontario, Canada]] |
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In January 1982, Snuka entered the [[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF) as a [[Heel (professional wrestling)|villainous character]] under the guidance of [[Lou Albano|Captain Lou Albano]]. Snuka lost several title shots at [[WWE Championship|WWF champion]] [[Bob Backlund]], including a [[Professional wrestling match types#Cages|steel cage match]] at [[Madison Square Garden]] on June 28, 1982, in which Snuka leapt from the top of the cage and missed a prone Backlund, who managed to roll out of the way and escape the cage for the win.<ref name="Cawthon-History" />{{rp|369}} The contest was declared [[PWI Match of the Year|Match of the Year]] by ''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated]]''.<ref name= Cawthon-History />{{rp|369}} |
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Even though Snuka portrayed a violent villain, he won fans because of his athletic style.<ref name=museum/><ref name=stevens>{{cite web|title=Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka vs. Ray 'The Crippler' Stevens: December 28, 1982|website=TheHistoryofWWE.com|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/snukastevensreview.htm|access-date=August 7, 2015|first=Sheldon|last=Kane III|date=August 17, 2004|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055305/http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/snukastevensreview.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> In a storyline in 1982, [[Buddy Rogers (wrestler)|Buddy Rogers]] told Snuka that Albano was cheating him financially, and as a result, Snuka fired Albano. Snuka took on Rogers as his manager during the feud with Albano, [[Freddie Blassie]], and [[Ray Stevens (wrestler)|Ray Stevens]]. The attack solidified Snuka's new role as a [[face (professional wrestling)|fan favorite]] seeking to settle the score.<ref>{{cite book|title=WWE Legends|publisher= Simon and Schuster |page= 80| first= Brian| last= Solomon| year= 2010|isbn=978-1451604504}}</ref> Snuka defeated Stevens in the majority of the series of matches between the two.<ref name=wwf82>{{cite web| first= Graham| last= Cawthon| access-date= August 7, 2015| website= TheHistoryofWWE.com |title= Rings Results: 1982 |url= http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/82.htm}}</ref> He also faced several other of Albano's wrestlers,<ref name=goodbadugly>{{cite book| first1= Bert Rudolph|last1=Sugar|first2=George|last2=Napolitano|isbn=0-8317-3912-6|title= The Pictorial History of Wrestling: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly|year=1984|publisher=Gallery Books|page=76}}</ref> and defeated Albano in a steel cage match in Madison Square Garden.<ref name=goodbadugly/><ref>{{cite book|page=168|title=The Squared Circle: Life, Death, and Professional Wrestling |first= David| last= Shoemaker| publisher= Penguin| year= 2013| isbn= 978-1101609743}}</ref> |
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===American Wrestling Association (1986–1989)=== |
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After a stint in alcohol/drug rehab, Snuka resurfaced in the [[American Wrestling Association]] (AWA) replacing the injured [[Jerry Blackwell]] as [[Greg Gagne (wrestler)|Greg Gagne]]'s partner in a tag team match against [[Frank Goodish|Bruiser Brody]] and [[John Nord|Nord the Barbarian]] at WrestleRock 86. Snuka split his time between the AWA and Japan throughout 1986 and 1987. His most notable feud in the AWA during that time was with [[Edward Wiskoski|Col. DeBeers]], who refused to fight Snuka because of his race. However, he was able to sneak-attack Snuka by pushing him off the top rope onto the floor and administering several face-first piledrivers. This led the way for a series of grudge matches in 1987. |
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[[File:Jimmy Snuka pose 1983.png|thumb|150px|Snuka with his signature kneeling pose, circa 1983]] |
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===World Wrestling Federation (1989–1992)=== |
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Snuka also feuded with [[Don Muraco]] in 1983, which began after Snuka entered the ring for a match against [[Don Kernodle]] on the June 18 episode of ''[[WWF Championship Wrestling|Championship Wrestling]]'' while Muraco, the [[WWE Intercontinental Championship|Intercontinental Heavyweight champion]], was being interviewed. Muraco, enraged at the perceived lack of respect, confronted Snuka at ringside, triggering a brawl.<ref>{{cite web| first= Graham| last= Cawthon| title= Ring Results: 1983 |website= TheHistoryofWWE.com | access-date= August 10, 2015 |url= http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/83.htm}}</ref> This feud led to a defining moment of Snuka's career on October 17, 1983, in a steel cage match at Madison Square Garden. The match ended in a loss for Snuka, but afterward he dragged Muraco back into the ring and connected with the most famous "Superfly splash" of his career, off the top of the {{convert|15|ft|m|adj=on}} high steel cage.<ref name="Foley, Mick p.34">Foley, Mick. Have A Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks (p.34)</ref> Future wrestling stars [[The Sandman (wrestler)|the Sandman]], [[Mick Foley]], [[Tommy Dreamer]], and [[Mark LoMonaco|Bubba Ray Dudley]] were all in attendance at the event and cite this match as the reason they decided to actively pursue professional wrestling.<ref name="Foley, Mick p.34"/> Snuka was named the 1983 Wrestler of the Year by ''Victory Magazine'' (later renamed ''[[WWE Magazine|WWF Magazine]]'')<ref>{{cite web|title=Behind the lens of WWE's former photo chief|first=Bob|last=Kapur|publisher=Slam! Wrestling |url= http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2012/07/02/pf-19943521.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160222081923/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2012/07/02/pf-19943521.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= February 22, 2016|access-date=August 10, 2015|date=July 2, 2012}}</ref> for his efforts.<ref>{{cite web|title='80s DVD falls short of expectations|first=John|last=Waldman|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2005/07/27/1158286.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222083756/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2005/07/27/1158286.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 22, 2016|date=July 27, 2005|access-date=August 10, 2015|website= Slam! Wrestling}}</ref> |
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Like many aging veterans before him, Snuka re-emerged in the WWF at [[WrestleMania V]] on April 2, 1989 to help put over younger stars, like [[Curt Hennig]] and [[Richard Rood|Rick Rude]], losing to the latter at [[WrestleMania VI]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Wrestlemania VI results|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm6/results/|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|accessdate=12 April 2009}}</ref> In 1991, he was the first WrestleMania opponent for [[The Undertaker]] at [[WrestleMania VII]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Wrestlemania VII results|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm7/results/|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|accessdate=20 December 2011}}</ref> |
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In June 1984, Snuka became embroiled in a feud with one of the WWF's top villains, [[Roddy Piper|"Rowdy" Roddy Piper]]. In a segment of ''Piper's Pit'', Piper hit Snuka on the left side of his head very close to the temple, with a coconut.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.f4wonline.com/more/more-top-stories/96-wwe-news/40642-wwf-tuesday-night-titans-episode-3-review-rowdy-roddy-piper-hits-jimmy-superfly-snuka-with-the-coconut-jesse-ventura-lou-thesz-and-ivan-putski |publisher=Figure Four Wrestling |title=WWF Tuesday Night Titans Episode 3 Review |date=January 6, 2015 |first=Joshua |last=Molina |access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldnews.com/article/20150801/SPORTS/141109343/?Start=2 |title=Chewing the Turnbuckle: 'Rowdy' Roddy Piper talks about visiting Fall River, hitting 'Superfly' Snuka in the head with a coconut, his amazing movie fight with Keith David, and Georgia Championship Wrestling |work= [[The Herald News]]| location= Fall River, Massachusetts |date=August 1, 2015 |first=Greg |last=Sullivan| access-date= January 19, 2017}}</ref> The attack led to a series of grudge matches between the two that were played out over venues across the US throughout the summer of 1984. In late 1984, Snuka entered a [[Drug rehabilitation|rehabilitation]] facility; the WWF created a storyline in which Piper had broken Snuka's neck by hitting him over the head with a chair.<ref name= meltzer /><ref name= superstars34>{{cite book |first1=Daniel |last1=Cohen |first2=Susan |last2=Cohen |title=Wrestling Superstars |isbn=0-671-60648-4 |year=1985 |publisher=Archway |page=[https://archive.org/details/wrestlingsuperst0000cohe/page/34 34] |url=https://archive.org/details/wrestlingsuperst0000cohe/page/34 }}</ref> [[Sam Fatu|Tonga Kid]], who was [[kayfabe|billed]] as Snuka's cousin, continued the feud on Snuka's behalf.<ref name= superstars34 /> |
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===Eastern Championship Wrestling (1992–1994)=== |
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After leaving the WWF in March 1992, Snuka toured with various smaller organizations in the early 1990s and played a role in the formation of [[Tod Gordon]]'s [[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]] (ECW) organization along with [[Don Muraco]] and [[Terry Funk]]. Snuka was ECW's first [[ECW Championship|ECW Heavyweight Champion]] and toured with the company through 1994. ECW was later taken over by [[Paul Heyman]], who renamed it Extreme Championship Wrestling. |
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[[File:Jimmy Snuka, Mr. T and Hulk Hogan Wrestlemania.png|thumb|170px| Snuka (left), Mr. T (center) and Hulk Hogan (right) at Wrestlemania, 1985]] |
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===Semi-retirement (1996–present)=== |
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The remainder of Snuka's initial WWF stint had him frequently tangling with Piper one way or another, often via tag matches or wrestling Piper's closest ally, [[Bob Orton Jr.]] Snuka defeated Orton at [[The War to Settle the Score]] on February 18, 1985; an injury during the match forced Orton to wear a cast on his left arm,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/msg2-18-85review.htm|access-date=August 12, 2015|publisher=The History of WWE|first=Alexander|last=Settee|date=September 18, 2008|title=The War To Settle The Score: February 18, 1985|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095653/http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/msg2-18-85review.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| first= Graham| last= Cawthon| url= http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/85.htm|access-date=August 11, 2015|website= TheHistoryofWWE.com |title= Ring Results: 1985}}</ref> which he continued to wear after the injury healed.<ref>{{cite web|publisher= WWE| title= Bob Orton, Jr.|url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/bobortonjr |access-date= August 10, 2015}}</ref> The feud played a small part in the first [[WrestleMania (1985)|WrestleMania]], in March 1985, when Snuka acted as a cornerman for [[Hulk Hogan]] and [[Mr. T]] when they defeated Piper and [[Paul Orndorff]] (with Orton in their corner).<ref>{{cite web|publisher= WWE|title=Full WrestleMania I Results|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/1/results| access-date= August 1, 2015}}</ref> Snuka left the WWF in July 1985,<ref name= dictionary /> though he still appeared in cartoon form when ''[[Hulk Hogan's Rock 'n' Wrestling]]'' premiered in September.<ref>{{cite web |website= TV.com |url= http://www.tv.com/shows/hulk-hogans-rock-n-wrestling/cast/ |access-date=August 10, 2015 |title=Hulk Hogan's Rock 'N' Wrestling}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=WrestleCrap: The Very Worst of Professional Wrestling |page=48 |first=R.D. |last=Reynolds |year=2003 |publisher=ECW Press |isbn=1-55490-544-3}}</ref> |
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[[File:WWE Legends.jpg|thumb|Snuka (center) with [[Ricky Steamboat]] (right) and [[Roddy Piper]] before their match against [[Chris Jericho]] in [[WrestleMania XXV]]]] |
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He was inducted into the [[WWE Hall of Fame|WWF Hall of Fame]] in 1996. He also continued to spend much of his time with East Coast Wrestling organizations through the late 1990s and into the 2000s. During this time, he wrestled the [[Metal Maniac]] in a series of matches that spanned across many independent wrestling promotions. Snuka won nearly every one of these matches. |
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=== Japan, AWA and more (1985–1988) === |
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During the later half of the 1990s, Snuka appeared for both major wrestling promotions, the WWF and [[World Championship Wrestling]] (WCW). He would make periodic appearances for the WWF, such as competing at the [[Survivor Series (1996)|1996 Survivor Series]]. Snuka received a lifetime achievement award from WWE (formerly the WWF) in 2002 at Madison Square Garden and began to be thrust into skits by WWE in 2004/2005. Snuka also appeared on ''[[WCW Monday Nitro]]'' in early 2000, where he gave [[Jeff Jarrett]] a Superfly Splash off the top of a steel cage. Snuka also participated at the first [[X Wrestling Federation|XWF]] TV tapings, accompanying his son, [[Jimmy Reiher, Jr.|Jimmy Snuka, Jr.]] to the ring for some matches, including one match where they both delivered the Superfly Splash to prone opponents. |
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After spending the rest of 1985 and early 1986 competing for [[New Japan Pro-Wrestling]],<ref name=dictionary/> Snuka resurfaced in the [[American Wrestling Association]] (AWA), replacing [[Jerry Blackwell]] as [[Greg Gagne (wrestler)|Greg Gagne]]'s partner,<ref>{{cite web|title=Nostalgia Review: AWA Battle By the Bay|work= Pro Wrestling Torch |first= Brian| last= Hoops| url= http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/The_Specialists_34/article_26082.shtml |date= June 30, 2008|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref> to defeat [[Frank Goodish|Bruiser Brody]] and [[John Nord|Nord the Barbarian]] in a tag team cage match at [[WrestleRock 86]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Minnesota's Golden Age of Wrestling: From Verne Gagne to the Road Warriors|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society| page= 156| first= George|last=Schire|isbn=978-0873516204|year=2010}}</ref> |
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Snuka split his time between the AWA and Japan throughout 1986 and 1987.<ref name=mainevent53>{{cite book|isbn=978-1416532576|title=Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s|page=[https://archive.org/details/mainevent00bria/page/53 53]|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2010|first=Brian|last=Shields|url=https://archive.org/details/mainevent00bria/page/53}}</ref> His most notable feud in the AWA during that time was with [[Colonel DeBeers]], who portrayed a racist and looked down on Snuka because of his skin color.<ref>{{cite book|title=Adventures in Larryland!| page= 100|first=Larry|last=Zbyszko|publisher=ECW Press|year=2008|isbn=978-1554903221}}</ref> This led the way for a series of grudge matches in 1987.<ref name=mainevent53/> |
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[[File:Orton vs. Snuka .jpg|thumb|left|Snuka in a match against [[Bob Orton, Jr.]]]] |
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On June 22, 2002 Snuka won the International Wrestling Superstars (IWS) United States Championship by pin fall against [[King Kong Bundy]] in Atlantic City, New Jersey, proving to the world that he could still fly. |
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Snuka also worked for [[Pacific Northwest Wrestling]] and [[Continental Wrestling Association]]. In 1988, he worked a couple of matches in Singapore. He wrestled throughout 1988 for [[All Japan Pro Wrestling]], often teaming with [[Mitsuharu Misawa|Tiger Mask]]. |
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In 2005, he appeared at the ''WWE Homecoming'', where he delivered a Superfly Splash to [[Rob Conway]] with a ring full of legends at his side like [[Dusty Rhodes (wrestler)|Dusty Rhodes]] and [[Billy Graham (wrestler)|Billy Graham]]. He also took part in a backstage skit, chasing after a partially disrobed [[Mae Young]] with a wad of [[Ted DiBiase]]'s money. He was a part of the [[Taboo Tuesday (2005)|Taboo Tuesday]] pay-per-view, where fans voted for him (ahead of [[Kamala (wrestler)|Kamala]] and [[Jim Duggan]]) to team with [[Nick Dinsmore|Eugene]] against Rob Conway and [[Travis Tomko|Tyson Tomko]]. Snuka won the match, pinning Conway after a Superfly Splash. He also appeared at the 2007 WWE draft edition of ''Raw'' in a vignette for [[Vince McMahon|Mr. McMahon]] appreciation night. On June 24, 2007, Snuka was introduced as [[Sgt. Slaughter]]'s tag team partner in the open invitational match for the [[WWE Tag Team Championship (2002–2010)|WWE Tag Team Championship]] at [[Vengeance: Night of Champions|Vengeance]], but he was ultimately pinned by his son. In 2008, Snuka appeared in the [[Royal Rumble (2008)|Royal Rumble]]. He was in the match less than 5 minutes and primarily focused his efforts on onetime nemesis, [[Roddy Piper]]. Both were quickly eliminated by the next entrant, [[Glenn Jacobs|Kane]]. |
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=== Return to WWF (1989–1993) === |
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On the March 2, 2009, edition of ''Raw'', he was attacked by [[Chris Jericho]] during a parody of ''Piper's Pit''. This was part of a storyline where Jericho was disrespecting and attacking legends. Two weeks later on the March 16, 2009, ''Raw'', Snuka, Roddy Piper, [[Ric Flair]] and [[Ricky Steamboat]] attacked Jericho. It was announced that at [[WrestleMania XXV]] on April 5, 2009, Snuka would be teaming with Steamboat and Piper to face Jericho in a Legends of Wrestlemania Handicap match. Flair was also in their corner. Snuka was the first eliminated by Jericho, who eventually won the match. |
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[[File:Wrestlemania Axxess 2012 - Undertaker's Graveyard (7153168655).jpg|thumb|right|A tombstone commemorating Snuka's loss at [[WrestleMania VII]]]] |
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Snuka re-emerged in the WWF at [[WrestleMania V]] on April 2, 1989.<ref name=mainevent54>{{cite book|title=Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s|page=[https://archive.org/details/mainevent00bria/page/54 54]|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2010|first=Brian|isbn=978-1416532576|last=Shields|url=https://archive.org/details/mainevent00bria/page/54}}</ref>{{dubious|date=May 2023|reason=There is a source about a set of photos that show him in action that claim that March 7, 2023, at the El Paso Convesion Center was his return date. See [[Commons:Category:John McKeon Flickr photos]]}} He made his televised return to action on the May 27 episode of ''[[Saturday Night's Main Event XXI]]'', defeating [[Boris Zhukov]].<ref name= Cawthon-History>{{cite book| title= The History of Professional Wrestling: The Results WWF 1963–1989 |last= Cawthon| first= Graham |publisher= CreateSpace |year= 2013|isbn=978-1-4928-2597-5}}</ref>{{rp|762}} After a brief feud with [[the Honky Tonk Man]],<ref name=results89>{{cite web|title=Ring Results: 1989|first=Graham|last=Cawthon|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/89.htm| website= TheHistoryofWWE.com| access-date= August 10, 2015}}</ref> Snuka made his in-ring pay-per-view debut at ''[[SummerSlam (1989)|SummerSlam]]'' against [[Ted DiBiase|"Million Dollar Man" Ted DiBiase]]. Snuka lost the match by count-out as a result of interference from DiBiase's bodyguard [[Mike Jones (wrestler)|Virgil]].<ref name=results89/><ref>{{cite web|website= WWE.com |title=Full Event Results: SummerSlam 1989| url= http://www.wwe.com/shows/summerslam/1989/results|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref> |
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By the later part of 1989, Snuka was put into a spot like many veterans before him, being used to help [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Put over|put over]] other rising stars such as [[Curt Hennig|"Mr. Perfect" Curt Hennig]]. At the [[Survivor Series (1989)|Survivor Series]], Snuka and Hennig were each the final remaining members of their teams, with Hennig pinning Snuka to win the match for his team.<ref name= Cawthon-History />{{rp|797}} In January 1990, Snuka made his [[Royal Rumble (1990)|Royal Rumble]] match debut, lasting 17 minutes and eliminating two competitors before being eliminated by the eventual winner, Hulk Hogan. Snuka had his first [[WrestleMania]] match at [[WrestleMania VI]], where he was defeated by [[Rick Rude]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Wrestlemania VI results |url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm6/results/ |publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]] |access-date=April 12, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090222191510/http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm6/results/ |archive-date=February 22, 2009 }}</ref> When the [[WWE Intercontinental Championship|Intercontinental Championship]] was vacated after WrestleMania, Snuka entered the tournament to crown a new champion. He was eliminated in the first round when he once again lost to Mr. Perfect.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Figure Four Wrestling|url=http://www.f4wonline.com/component/content/article/17622-wwe-vintage-collection-tv-report-1990-ic-title-tournament|access-date=August 13, 2015|title=WWE Vintage Collection TV Report – 1990 IC Title Tournament|date=September 20, 2010|first=Stephen|last=Lyon}}</ref> At that November's [[Survivor Series (1990)|Survivor Series]], Snuka joined [[Jake Roberts]] and [[the Rockers]] in a losing effort against [[Rick Martel]], [[The Warlord (wrestler)|the Warlord]] and [[Power and Glory]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch|url=http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/Torch_Flashbacks_19/article_45353.shtml|title= Survivor Series Flashback – 20 yrs. ago (11–22–90): Undertaker's WWE debut, Gobbledy Gooker, Hogan & Warrior, Top 10 Things – wrestlers on 'Old School' Raw, Second generation wrestlers |access-date=August 10, 2015|date=November 10, 2010}}</ref> |
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On November 28, 2009 he teamed with his son for the first time at an NWA Upstate event. They faced the NWA Upstate Tag Team Champions Hellcat and Triple X in a non title match. The Snukas won the match via pinfall. |
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On March 24, 1991, Snuka was defeated by [[the Undertaker]] at [[WrestleMania VII]], which began Undertaker's [[The Streak (professional wrestling)|undefeated streak]] at WrestleMania.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wrestlemania VII results |url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm7/results/ |website=WWE.com |publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]] |access-date=December 20, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315000210/http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm7/results/ |archive-date=March 15, 2009 }}</ref> In January 1992, he competed in the [[Royal Rumble (1992)|Royal Rumble]] for the vacant [[WWE Championship|WWF Championship]], but lasted only three minutes before being eliminated by Undertaker.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Poughkeepsie Journal|url=http://blogs.poughkeepsiejournal.com/underthering/2012/01/19/jason-bryden-looks-at-the-1992-royal-rumble/|first=Jason|last=Bryden|title=Jason Bryden looks at the 1992 Royal Rumble|access-date=August 10, 2015 |date= January 19, 2012}}</ref> Snuka left the WWF soon after, his last recorded match being a loss to [[Shawn Michaels]] at the [[Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena|Los Angeles Sports Arena]] on February 8, 1992.<ref name=results92>{{cite web|title= Ring Results: 1992|first=Graham|last=Cawthon|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/92.htm| website= TheHistoryofWWE.com |access-date= August 10, 2015}}</ref> |
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On November 15, 2010, Snuka made an appearance on an "old school" edition of ''Raw'', where he stood by his daughter [[Sarona Reiher|Tamina]], in the corner of [[The Usos]] during their match against [[Santino Marella]] and [[Vladimir Kozlov]]. |
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In the midst of his ECW career, Snuka once again returned to the WWF on September 25, 1993, defeating [[Brian Christopher]] at a Madison Square Garden house show. He returned to television two nights later, defeating Paul Van Dale via Superfly Splash on the September 27 episode of [[WWE Raw|''Monday Night Raw'']]. The following week on ''Raw'', Snuka participated in a [[Battle royal (professional wrestling)|battle royal]] for the vacant Intercontinental Championship, in which he was eliminated by Rick Martel before departing the company.<ref name=results93>{{cite web|title=Ring Results: 1993| first= Graham|last=Cawthon|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/93.htm| website= TheHistoryofWWE.com | access-date=March 14, 2016}}</ref> |
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==Personal life== |
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Snuka and his wife have created a reality show called ''The Superfly Challenge''. It was recently shot in New York, New Jersey, and Maryland. Filming took place at the New Berlin Diner and Nikolai Volkoff's farm. He also is the part-owner of Bodyslam University in South Florida and teaches there once a month. Snuka is also an avid poker player. He was at the Poker4Life tournament in New York City and raised $100,000 for the charity. |
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=== NWA Eastern Championship Wrestling (1992–1994) === |
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===Nancy Argentino Death Mystery=== |
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==== Heavyweight champion (1992) ==== |
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On May 10, 1983, a few hours after Snuka had performed at a WWF TV taping at the [[Lehigh County]] Agricultural Hall in [[Allentown, Pennsylvania]], Snuka placed a call for an ambulance. When emergency personnel arrived on the scene at Room 427 of the George Washington Motor Lodge in nearby [[Whitehall Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Whitehall Township]], they found Snuka’s girlfriend, Nancy Argentino, injured. She was transported to Allentown's Sacred Heart Medical Center, where she died shortly after of "undetermined craniocerebral injuries." Deputy Lehigh County [[coroner]] Wayne Snyder said, “Upon viewing the body and speaking to the pathologist, I immediately suspected foul play and so notified the district attorney." Snuka was the only suspect involved in the subsequent investigation. Charges were not pressed against Snuka, although the case was left officially open, meaning no official judgment on whether the incident was accidental or homicide was ever made. In 1985, Argentino’s parents won a $500,000 default judgment against Snuka in [[United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania|U.S. District Court]] in [[Philadelphia]], although Snuka appears not to have ever paid, claiming financial inability to do so.<ref>{{cite book|last=Muchnick|first=Irv|title=Wrestling Babylon: Piledriving Tales of Drugs, Sex, Death, and Scandal|pages=125–131}}</ref> |
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After leaving the WWF in March 1992, Snuka toured with various smaller organizations and played a role in the formation of [[Tod Gordon]]'s Philadelphia-based [[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]] (ECW) organization along with fellow veterans [[Don Muraco]] and [[Terry Funk]]. Snuka made his ECW debut as a [[Face (professional wrestling)|fan favorite]] at a [[house show|live event]] on April 25. He won his first match, a [[Battle royal (professional wrestling)|battle royal]] to qualify for the [[ECW World Heavyweight Championship|ECW Heavyweight Championship]] match against [[Salvatore Bellomo]], the winner of the other battle royal. Immediately after, Snuka defeated Bellomo to become the promotion's first heavyweight champion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992b.html#042592|title=ECW results - April 25, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> A day later, he [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Drop|dropped]] the title to [[Johnny Hotbody]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992b.html#042692|title=ECW results - April 26, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> |
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He returned to ECW on July 14, where he defeated Hotbody to regain the heavyweight title, winning it for a second time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992c.html#071492|title=ECW results - July 14, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> He made his first successful title defense, against [[The Sandman (wrestler)|Mr. Sandman]], on July 15.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992c.html#071592|title=ECW results - July 15, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Snuka held the title for the next two months, defeating challengers like [[A. J. Petrucci|Super Destroyer No. 1]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992c.html#081292|title=ECW results - August 12, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992c.html#091292|title=ECW results - September 12, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> and [[King Kaluha]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992c.html#082292|title=ECW results - August 22, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> before losing the title to Muraco on September 30.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992c.html#093092|title=ECW results - September 30, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Snuka unsuccessfully challenged Muraco for the title in a rematch on October 24,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992d.html#102492|title=ECW results - October 24, 1992|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> after which he [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Turn|turned]] into a [[Heel (professional wrestling)|villain]] by feigning confrontation with [[color commentator]] [[Stately Wayne Manor]] and then attacking [[Professional wrestling authority figures#Extreme Championship Wrestling authority figures|ECW owner]] [[Tod Gordon]] with a chair.<ref name="ecw93">{{cite web|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/ecw92-93.htm|title=ECW 1992-1993 Results|work=The History of WWE|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Snuka took on Hunter Q. Robbins III as his [[Manager (professional wrestling)|manager]] and closed the year with a loss to [[Davey Boy Smith]] on December 19.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1992d.html#121992|title=Morrisville Mayhem results|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> |
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==In wrestling== |
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[[File:Orton vs Snuka.jpg|thumb|220px|Snuka in a match against [[Bob Orton, Jr.]]]] |
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[[File:Jimmy Snuka .jpg|220px|thumb|Characteristic pose of Snuka]] |
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*'''Finishing moves''' |
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:*''Superfly Splash''<ref name="OWOW">{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/j/jimmy-snuka.html|title=Jimmy Snuka Profile|accessdate=2011-03-14|publisher=Online World Of Wrestling}}</ref><ref name="WWEbio"/> ([[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Splash|Diving splash]]) |
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==== Television champion and various feuds (1993–1994) ==== |
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*'''Signature moves''' |
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Snuka became a member of [[Paul Heyman|Paul E. Dangerously]]'s new [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Stable|faction]] [[Dangerous Alliance|Hotstuff International]] on the debut episode of the company's eponymous television program ''[[ECW Hardcore TV|Eastern Championship Wrestling]]'' on April 6<ref name="ecw93"/> and won an [[ECW tournaments#ECW Television Championship Tournament|eight-man tournament]] for the vacant [[ECW World Television Championship|television championship]] by defeating [[Larry Winters]], the undefeated [[Tommy Cairo]] and [[Glen Osbourne]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/tournaments.html#tv93|title=ECW Television Championship Tournament 1993|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Snuka frequently teamed with his stablemates [[Eddie Gilbert (wrestler)|Eddie Gilbert]] and Muraco. Snuka made his first televised title defense against Osbourne on the May 25 episode of ''Eastern Championship Wrestling'', where Snuka retained the title.<ref name="ecwtv1993">{{cite web | url = http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/ecw/1993.html | title = ECW: 1993 Results | publisher = Online World of Wrestling | access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Snuka successfully defended the title against [[J.T. Smith (wrestler)|J.T. Smith]] and the [[ECW Pennsylvania Championship|NWA Pennsylvania Heavyweight champion]] Tommy Cairo at [[Super Summer Sizzler Spectacular]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1993b.html#061993|title=Super Summer Sizzler results|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> while also defending the title on ''Eastern Championship Wrestling''.<ref name="ecwtv1993"/> Snuka lost the title to [[Terry Funk]] in a brutal [[Professional wrestling match types#Steel Cage match|steel cage match]] at [[NWA Bloodfest]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1993d.html#100193|title=NWA Bloodfest: Part 1 results|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> |
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:*[[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Diving crossbody|Diving crossbody]]<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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:*[[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Diving headbutt|Diving headbutt]]<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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:*[[Professional wrestling attacks#Headbutt|Jumping headbutt]]<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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:*[[Professional wrestling attacks#Knee drop|Knee drop]]<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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:*[[Professional wrestling attacks#Chops|Various knife–edged chops]]<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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Snuka's next notable match took place at [[The Night the Line Was Crossed]] in 1994, where he faced rising star [[Tommy Dreamer]] in an infamous match. During the match, Dreamer kicked out of a [[Pin (professional wrestling)|pinfall]] attempt by Snuka after a [[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Splash|Superfly splash]], thus marking one of the few times in wrestling history that an opponent kicked out of Snuka's finishing move.<ref>The first opponent to kick out from Snuka's finishing move was [[Kevin Von Erich]] during a televised non-title match on ''Georgia Championship Wrestling''; aired September 5, 1981</ref> Snuka still managed to win by delivering three splashes. Snuka continued his assault on Dreamer after the match,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/ecw94.htm|title=ECW 1994 Results|work=The History of WWE|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1994a.html#020594|title=The Night The Line was Crossed results|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> which began a feud between the two. Snuka lost to Dreamer on March 5<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1994a.html#030594|title=ECW results - March 5, 1994|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> before beating him in a steel cage match at [[Ultimate Jeopardy (1994)|Ultimate Jeopardy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1994a.html#032694|title=Ultimate Jeopardy 1994 results|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Snuka wrestled his last ECW match at [[Hardcore Heaven (1994)|Hardcore Heaven]] in August, where he and [[Tazz|the Tazmaniac]] picked up a tag team victory over [[the Pitbulls]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ecw/results/1994c.html#081394|title=Hardcore Heaven 1994 results|work=Pro Wrestling History|access-date=January 28, 2017}}</ref> Later that month, ECW was taken over by [[Paul Heyman]], who [[NWA World Title Tournament|renamed]] it Extreme Championship Wrestling.<ref name= WWEbio /> |
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*'''[[Nickname]]s''' |
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**'''"Superfly" Jimmy Snuka'''<ref name="OWOW"/><ref name="WWEbio"/> |
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**"The Phenom"<ref name="OWOW"/> |
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=== World Championship Wrestling appearances (1993, 2000) === |
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*'''Entrance themes''' |
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**"The Superfly Theme" by Jimmy Hart and JJ Maguire (WWF) |
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**"Supa Fly" by Dale Oliver (TNA) |
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Snuka wrestled for one night at WCW's [[Slamboree 1993: A Legends' Reunion]] on May 23, 1993, teaming with [[Don Muraco]] and [[Dick Murdoch]] against [[Wahoo McDaniel]], [[Blackjack Mulligan]], and [[Jim Brunzell]] in a no contest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jimmy Snuka|url= http://www.profightdb.com/wrestlers/jimmy-snuka-114.html?prom_id=4|access-date=October 23, 2019}}</ref> |
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==Championships and accomplishments== |
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*'''[[All Japan Pro Wrestling]]''' |
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:*[[World's Strongest Tag Team League]] ([[World's Strongest Tag Team League#1981|1981]]) – with [[Bruiser Brody]] |
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Snuka also appeared on ''[[WCW Monday Nitro]]'' January 10, 2000, where he gave [[Jeff Jarrett]] a Superfly splash off the top of a steel cage.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2000-01-21-0001200305-story.html |title=What Ever Happened To . . . Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka?| first= Ric |last= Russo|date=January 21, 2000| access-date= August 10, 2015|newspaper=Orlando Sentinel}}</ref> |
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*'''[[Cauliflower Alley Club]]''' |
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:*Other honoree ([[Cauliflower Alley Club#1996|1996]]) |
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=== Independent circuit and retirement (1995–2015) === |
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*'''[[Continental Wrestling Association]]''' |
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[[File:Jimmy Snuka 3.jpg|thumb|left|Snuka in March 2009]] |
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:*[[CWA/AWA International Tag Team Championship|CWA International Tag Team Championship]] ([[CWA/AWA International Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[JT Southern]] |
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Snuka continued to spend much of his time with East Coast Wrestling organizations through the mid-1990s and into the 2000s. During this time, he wrestled the Metal Maniac in a series of matches that spanned across many independent wrestling promotions, winning most of these matches. On August 15, 1997, Snuka defeated [[Bill Eadie|the Masked Superstar]] at the ''IWA Night of the Legends'' show in [[Kannapolis, North Carolina]] via disqualification when his opponent hit special guest referee [[Ricky Steamboat]].<ref>Apter, Bill. "Names Makin' News." ''Inside Wrestling''. Holiday 1997: 9+.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last= Smith| first= Wes |date=August 17, 1997 |title=My Night with the Legends |url=http://www.solie.org/newsletter/svwn208.html |journal= Solie's Tuesday Morning Report; Solie.org |volume=3 |issue=208 }}</ref> |
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Snuka also participated at the first [[X Wrestling Federation]] TV tapings, accompanying his son, [[Deuce (wrestler)|Jimmy Snuka Jr.]] to the ring for matches,<ref name=xwf>{{cite book|title=Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story|last1=Snuka |first1= Jimmy| last2= Chattman |first2 =Jon |publisher= [[Triumph Books]] |year=2012 |chapter=The Jimmy Snuka Timeline |isbn=978-1600787584|quote=November 2001: Orlando, FL—Jimmy manages his son, Jimmy Snuka Jr., at the first and only set of XWF shows at Universal Studios}}</ref> including one match where they both delivered a Superfly splash to prone opponents.<ref>{{cite AV media | people=[[X Wrestling Federation]] (Producer) | date=November 14, 2001 | title=The Lost Episodes of the XWF | url =https://www.amazon.com/The-Lost-Episodes-XWF-3-Disc/dp/B000N4I302 | medium= DVD | location=[[Orlando, Florida]] | publisher=[[Amazon.com]]}}</ref> On June 22, 2002, Snuka won the International Wrestling Superstars (IWS) United States Championship by pin fall against [[King Kong Bundy]] in Atlantic City, New Jersey.<ref name= IWS>{{cite web |url=http://www.iwswrestling.net/page884070.htm |title=Five new Champions are Crowned at Wrestlefest 2002! |date=June 2002 |website=IWSwrestling.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020803013300/http://www.iwswrestling.net/page884070.htm |archive-date=August 3, 2002 }}</ref> On April 3, 2004, Snuka and Kamala fought to a no-contest at the International Wrestling Cartel's first-annual "Night Of Legends" event in [[Franklin, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite web|title=2004 Results|publisher=International Wrestling Cartel|url=http://www.iwcwrestling.com/results/2004.html|access-date=August 12, 2015|archive-date=September 5, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905170314/http://www.iwcwrestling.com/results/2004.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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*'''East Coast Pro Wrestling''' |
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**ECPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name="Titles">{{cite book | author=Royal Duncan & Gary Will | title=Wrestling Title Histories | publisher=Archeus Communications | year=4th Edition 2000 | isbn=0-9698161-5-4 }}</ref> |
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In 2004, Snuka made an appearance for [[Total Nonstop Action Wrestling]] at their ''[[Victory Road (2004)|Victory Road]]'' pay-per-view as Piper's guest on ''Piper's Pit''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2004/11/08/723409.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519042045/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/PPVReports/2004/11/08/723409.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 19, 2015 |publisher=Slam! Wrestling |date=November 8, 2004|title=Victory Road Bombs|first=Jason|last=Clevett|access-date=August 23, 2015}}</ref> |
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*'''[[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]]''' |
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:*[[ECW Championship|NWA ECW Heavyweight Championship]] ([[List of ECW Champions#Title history|2 times, Inaugural]])<sup>1</sup> |
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:*[[ECW Television Championship|NWA ECW Television Championship]] ([[List of ECW Television Champions#Title history|1 time]]) |
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On July 1, 2006, Snuka wrestled for 1PW's ''Fight Club 2'' event where he teamed with Darren Burridge to defeat Stevie Lynn and Jay Phoenix.<ref name=cage>{{cite web|url=http://www.cagematch.net/?id=2&nr=461&page=4|title=Matches: Jimmy Snuka|publisher=CageMatch|access-date=August 14, 2015}}</ref> |
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*'''[[Georgia Championship Wrestling]]''' |
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[[File:Orton vs. Snuka.jpg|thumb|upright|Snuka in a match against [[Bob Orton Jr.]]]] |
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:*[[NWA National Tag Team Championship]] ([[NWA National Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[Terry Gordy]] |
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On March 28, 2009, Snuka again participated at the IWC's "Night Of Legends" event, where he defeated former rival Orton.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=International Wrestling Cartel|title=Night of Legends 2009 – March 28th, 2009|url=http://www.iwcwrestling.com/results/2009-03-28.html|access-date=August 11, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121054506/http://www.iwcwrestling.com/results/2009-03-28.html|archive-date=November 21, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> On August 1, Snuka teamed with [[Jon Bolen]], Jimmy Vegas, and Michael Facade (with [[Dominic DeNucci]]) to defeat James Avery, [[Elias Samson|Logan Shulo]], Shane Taylor and [[Lord Zoltan]] (with Mayor Mystery) at IWC's "No Excuses 5" in [[Elizabeth, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=International Wrestling Cartel|url=http://www.iwcwrestling.com/results/2009-08-01.html|title=No Excuses 5 – August 1st, 2009|access-date=August 11, 2015}}</ref> On November 28, 2009, he teamed with his son at an NWA Upstate event in [[Lockport, New York]]. They defeated the NWA Upstate Tag Team champions Hellcat and Triple X in a non-title match.<ref>{{cite AV media | people=NWA New York (Producer) | date=November 28, 2009 | title=NWA New York Raging Gladiator Wrestling III | url=http://www.pridesproductions.com/ | medium=DVD | location=Lockport, New York | publisher=PridesProductions.com | access-date=August 11, 2015 | archive-date=January 17, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117031815/http://www.pridesproductions.com/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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*'''International Wrestling Superstars''' |
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:*IWS United States Championship (1 time) |
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In 2011, Jimmy Snuka competed at ''JCW: Icons and Legends'' event in a battle royal match won by [[Zach Gowen]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch|url=http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/otherppvs/article_52086.shtml |date=August 3, 2011|title=Radican's JCW 'Legends & Icons' iPPV Review|access-date=August 7, 2015}}</ref> On May 11, 2014, Snuka teamed up with [[Salvatore Sincere|the Patriot]] to defeat the team of Brodie Williams and Mr. TA at a Big Time Wrestling event.<ref name=cage/> Snuka's last match was at an ECPW event, where he teamed up with Frankie Flow to defeat the team of Andrew Anderson and [[Jason Knight (wrestler)|Jason Knight]] on May 15, 2015, just 3 days before his 72nd birthday. |
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*'''[[Jim Crockett Promotions|Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling]]''' |
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:*[[WWE United States Championship|NWA United States Heavyweight Championship ''(Mid-Atlantic version)'']] ([[List of WWE United States Champions#Title history|1 time]]) |
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:*[[WCW World Tag Team Championship|NWA World Tag Team Championship ''(Mid-Atlantic version)'']] ([[List of WCW World Tag Team Champions|2 times]]) – with [[Paul Orndorff]] (1) and [[Ray Stevens (wrestler)|Ray Stevens]] (1) |
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===Sporadic WWE appearances (1996−2009)=== |
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*'''National Championship Wrestling''' |
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[[File:WWE Legends.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Snuka (center) with [[Ricky Steamboat]] (right) and [[Roddy Piper]] before their match against [[Chris Jericho]] at [[WrestleMania 25]]]] |
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**NCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with [[Tom Brandi|Johnny Gunn]]<ref name="Titles"/> |
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Snuka was inducted into the [[WWE Hall of Fame|WWF Hall of Fame]] [[WWE Hall of Fame (1996)|class of 1996]].<ref name= WWEbio /> Afterward, he competed at the [[Survivor Series (1996)|1996 Survivor Series]].<ref>{{cite web| publisher= World Wrestling Entertainment|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/survivorseries/history/1996/results/|title=Full Event Results: Survivor Series 1996|access-date=August 13, 2015}}</ref> Snuka received a lifetime achievement award from WWE at Madison Square Garden on WWE ''Raw'', August 26, 2002. |
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In 2005, he appeared at the ''[[WWE Raw Homecoming|WWE Homecoming]]'', where he delivered a Superfly splash to [[Rob Conway]]. He was a part of the [[Taboo Tuesday (2005)|Taboo Tuesday]] pay-per-view, where fans voted for him (ahead of Kamala and [[Jim Duggan]]) to team with [[Nick Dinsmore|Eugene]] against Conway and [[Travis Tomko|Tyson Tomko]].<ref name= WWEbio /> Snuka won the match, pinning Conway after a Superfly splash. He appeared at the 2007 WWE draft edition of ''Raw'' in a vignette for [[Vince McMahon]] appreciation night.<ref>{{cite web|title=One Wild Night|publisher=World Wrestling Entertainment|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/archive/06112007/mainarticle|date=June 11, 2007|access-date=August 13, 2015}}</ref> On June 24, 2007, Snuka was introduced as [[Sgt. Slaughter]]'s tag team partner in the open invitational match for the [[WWE Tag Team Championship (2002–2010)|WWE Tag Team Championship]] at [[Vengeance: Night of Champions|Vengeance]], but he was ultimately pinned by his son, [[Deuce (wrestler)|Deuce]].<ref name= WWEbio /> In 2008, Snuka appeared in the [[Royal Rumble (2008)|Royal Rumble]]. He was in the match less than five minutes and primarily focused his efforts on onetime nemesis, Piper. Both were quickly eliminated by the next entrant, [[Glenn Jacobs|Kane]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/PPV_Reports_5/article_24339.shtml |first= James| last= Caldwell|title=Caldwell's WWE Royal Rumble Report 1/27: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of debut HD PPV |access-date= August 10, 2015|date=January 27, 2008}}</ref> |
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*'''National Wrestling Federation''' |
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:*NWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time, last)<ref name="Titles"/> |
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On the March 2, 2009, episode of ''Raw'', he was attacked by [[Chris Jericho]] during a parody of ''Piper's Pit''.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Wrestleview|first=Hunter|last=Golden|url=http://www.wrestleview.com/wwe-wrestling-results/wwe-raw-results/11605-raw-results-3209|title=Raw Results 3/2/09|access-date=August 13, 2015|date=March 2, 2009}}</ref> This was part of a storyline where Jericho was disrespecting and attacking legends.<ref>{{cite book| page= 104| publisher= Penguin|year=2014|title=The Best in the World: At What I Have No Idea|first=Chris|last=Jericho|isbn=978-0698162143}}</ref> Two weeks later, on the March 16, 2009, episode of ''Raw'', Snuka, Piper, [[Ric Flair]] and Steamboat attacked Jericho.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestleview.com/wwe-wrestling-results/wwe-raw-results/11234-raw-results-31609|title=Raw Results 3/16/09|publisher=Wrestleview|first=Hunter|last=Golden|access-date=August 13, 2015|date=March 16, 2009}}</ref> At [[WrestleMania 25]] on April 5, 2009, Snuka teamed with Steamboat and Piper to face Jericho in a legends of WrestleMania handicap match with Flair in their corner. Snuka was the first man eliminated by Jericho, who eventually won the match.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/PPV_Reports_5/article_31196.shtml|first=Wade|last=Keller|title=Keller's WrestleMania 25 Results|access-date=August 10, 2015|date=April 5, 2009}}</ref> |
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*'''Northeast Wrestling''' |
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**NEW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name="Titles"/> |
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== Personal life == |
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*'''[[NWA All-Star Wrestling]]''' |
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Snuka was the part-owner of Body Slam University and Coastal Championship Wrestling in [[South Florida]] with Dan Ackerman and Bruno Sassi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-07-26/community/0907230294_1_ring-car-crashes-high-school|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043417/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-07-26/community/0907230294_1_ring-car-crashes-high-school|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 4, 2016| title= Hoping To Lay The Smack Down|date=July 26, 2009|access-date=August 9, 2015| last= Curreri| first= Gary|publisher=Sun Sentinel}}</ref> He wrote an autobiography, ''Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story'', which was released on December 1, 2012.<ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.usatoday.com/story/popcandy/2012/11/06/superfly-jimmy-snuka-story-preface/1686717/|title=Exclusive preface of 'Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story'|date=November 6, 2012|access-date=August 10, 2015|newspaper=USA Today}}</ref> |
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:*[[NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (Vancouver version)|NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (''Vancouver version'')]] ([[NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (Vancouver version)#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[Don Leo Jonathan]] |
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=== Family === |
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*'''[[World Class Championship Wrestling|NWA Big Time Wrestling]]''' |
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Snuka was married three times.<ref name= story>{{cite book|title=Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story|last1= Snuka| first1= Jimmy| first2= Jon| last2= Chattman|publisher=Triumph Books|isbn=978-1617499807|year=2012}}</ref> His second marriage was to Sharon Ili and they had two daughters Liana Snuka and [[Tamina Snuka|Sarona]]. Through his marriage to Sharon, Snuka was part of the [[Anoaʻi family|Anoaʻi wrestling family]].<ref name="people.com">{{cite web | url=https://people.com/sports/dwayne-the-rock-johnson-mourns-uncle-jimmy-superfly-snuka-inside-the-samoan-familys-wrestling-roots/#:~:text=Snuka%20was%20technically%20related%20to,the%20whole%20family%E2%80%9D%20in%20Samoan | title=Superfly Snuka and the Anoa'i Family }}</ref> He has two granddaughters named Milaneta Polamalu and Maleata Polamalu and he has a stepdaughter Ata Louise, Sharon's third daughter.<ref name= story /> His third marriage was to Carole on September 4, 2004.<ref name= story /> He was the stepfather to Carole's three children: Bridget, Richard, and Dennis.<ref name= story /> He was also married to Patrice Aguirre, the mother of wrestler [[Gino Hernandez]]. |
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:*[[NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship]] ([[NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship#Title history|1 time]]) |
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:*[[WCWA Texas Tag Team Championship|NWA Texas Tag Team Championship]] ([[WCWA Texas Tag Team Championship#NWA|1 time]]) – with [[Gino Hernandez]] |
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=== Nancy Argentino's death and murder allegations === |
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*'''NWL WRESTLING''' |
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On May 10, 1983, a few hours after defeating [[José Estrada Sr.|José Estrada]] at a WWF television taping at the [[Lehigh County, Pennsylvania|Lehigh County]] Agricultural Hall in [[Allentown, Pennsylvania]], Snuka placed a call for an ambulance. When emergency personnel arrived at his room at the George Washington Motor Lodge, they found that his girlfriend and mistress, Nancy Argentino, had been injured. She was transported to Allentown's Sacred Heart Medical Center, where she died shortly after an "undetermined craniocerebral injuries." The coroner's report stated that Argentino, 23, died of traumatic brain injuries consistent with a moving head striking a stationary object. Autopsy findings show Argentino had more than two dozen cuts and bruises—a possible sign of serious domestic abuse—on her head, ear, chin, arms, hands, back, buttocks, legs, and feet. Forensic pathologist Isidore Mihalakis, who performed the autopsy, wrote at the time that the case should be investigated as a homicide until proven otherwise. Deputy Lehigh County coroner Wayne Snyder later said, "Upon viewing the body and speaking to the pathologist, I immediately suspected [[crime|foul play]] and so notified the district attorney."<ref name=fresh>{{cite web|url=https://www.mcall.com/2013/06/28/da-taking-fresh-look-at-death-of-superfly-snuka-mistress/|title=DA taking 'fresh look' at death of 'Superfly' Snuka mistress|work=The Morning Call|last1=Clark|first1=Adam|first2=Kevin|last2=Amerman|access-date=August 8, 2015|date=June 28, 2013|archive-date=September 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904191643/http://articles.mcall.com/2013-06-28/news/mc-allentown-jimmy-snuka-grand-jury-20130628_1_nancy-argentino-argentino-family-motel-room|url-status=live}}</ref> Snuka had previously been arrested for beating Argentino on January 18, 1983, at a hotel in [[Salina, New York]], fighting off several deputies who were called by the hotel's night manager. Although Argentino initially sought prosecution, she later denied wanting such; in a later-released file from the murder investigation, an officer's note indicates that “Vince McMahon tried to talk her out of making the complaint against Snuka”, with later investigative journalist David Bixenspan speculating on McMahon's role.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/jimmy-snuka-girlfriend-nancy-argentino-death#google_vignette |title=Who Failed Nancy Argentino? |last=Bixenspan |first=David |date=May 8, 2020 |website=[[MEL Magazine]] |access-date=February 2, 2024 |quote=The Onondaga County Sheriff’s Office file doesn’t contain any trace of an explanation as to why Argentino changed her mind. However, the file for the investigation of her murder from Pennsylvania’s Whitehall Township Bureau of Police — which I obtained from the same lawsuit appendix that included the New York file — points to one possible reason. In a single sentence summary from the same phone interview between Bronstad and Romanenko referenced above, Procanyn wrote, “Vince McMahon tried to talk her out of making the complaint against Snuka” (emphasis mine).}}</ref> |
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:*NWL Heavyweight Championship (1 time) |
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Snuka was the only suspect involved in the subsequent investigation. Although charges were not pressed at the time against Snuka, the case was left officially open. In 1985, Argentino's parents won a $500,000 default judgment against Snuka in [[United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania|U.S. District Court]] in [[Philadelphia]]. Snuka appears not to have ever paid, claiming financial inability.<ref>{{cite book|last=Muchnick|first=Irv|isbn=978-1550227611|title=Wrestling Babylon: Piledriving Tales of Drugs, Sex, Death, and Scandal| year=2007|publisher= ECW Press|pages=125–131}}</ref> On June 28, 2013, Lehigh County District Attorney Jim Martin announced that the still-open case would be reviewed by his staff.<ref name= fresh /> On January 28, 2014, Martin announced that the case had been turned over to a [[grand jury]].<ref name= review>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-girlfriend-death-grand-jury-20140128,0,967904,full.story|title=Grand jury to review death of Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka's girlfriend|work=The Morning Call|last1=Clark|first1=Adam|first2=Kevin|last2=Amerman|access-date=August 8, 2015|date=January 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202190406/http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-girlfriend-death-grand-jury-20140128,0,967904,full.story|archive-date=February 2, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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*'''[[Pacific Northwest Wrestling]]''' |
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:*[[NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship#Title history|5 times]]) |
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:*[[NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship#Title history|6 times]]) – with [[Dutch Savage]] |
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On September 1, 2015, 32 years after the incident, Snuka was arrested and charged with [[Murder (United States law)#Degrees|third-degree murder]] and [[involuntary manslaughter]] for Argentino's death.<ref name= charged>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-grand-jury-announcement-20150901-story.html|title=Wrestling legend Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka charged in girlfriend's 1983 death|last= Gamiz | first= Manuel Jr. |date=September 1, 2015|work=[[The Morning Call]]|access-date=September 1, 2015}}</ref><ref name=6ABC-charged>{{cite web|title=Former Pro Wrestling Star 'Superfly' Snuka Charged in Girlfriend's 1983 Lehigh County Death|url=http://6abc.com/news/fmr-wrestler-superfly-snuka-charged-in-girlfriends-lehigh-county-death/965659/|website=6ABC.com| date= September 2, 2015 |publisher=ABC Inc. ([[WPVI-TV]]) | location= Allentown, Pennsylvania |access-date= January 19, 2017}}</ref> It is the oldest case to result in charges in Lehigh County's history.<ref name= charged /> On October 7, 2015, Snuka's lawyers agreed to forego a [[preliminary hearing]], which the prosecution contended was a waste of court resources, given the thorough grand jury investigation. In return, they received transcripts and other evidence from that investigation, which defense attorney Robert J. Kirwan II said would be much more helpful in preparing Snuka's case than a hearing would have been.<ref name= forward>{{cite news| url= http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-nancy-argentino-hearing-20151007-story.html |title= Attorney: Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka 'looking forward to clearing his name'| first1= Manuel Jr. | last1= Gamiz| first2= Peter| last2= Hall| work= The Morning Call |date= October 7, 2015| access-date= January 19, 2017}}</ref> |
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*'''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated]]''' |
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:*[[PWI Match of the Year]] (1982) <small>vs. [[Bob Backlund]] in a [[Professional wrestling match types#Cages|cage match]] on June 28</small> |
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:*[[PWI Most Popular Wrestler of the Year]] (1983) |
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:*[[PWI Tag Team of the Year]] (1980) <small>with Ray Stevens</small> |
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:*PWI ranked him #'''29''' of the 500 best singles wrestlers during the "PWI Years" in 2003. |
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On November 2, 2015, Snuka pleaded not guilty before Judge Kelly Banach.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2015/11/02/22568523.html |website=canoe.com |title=Jimmy Snuka pleads not guilty to murdering girlfriend in 1983 |first=David |last=Dekok |agency=Reuters |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103201633/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2015/11/02/22568523.html |archive-date=November 3, 2015 |date=November 2, 2015 |access-date=January 19, 2017 }}</ref> A hearing to determine Snuka's competency for trial began in May 2016. Snuka's attorneys argued that a forensic psychologist found Snuka's mental and physical health to be deteriorating. Prosecutors countered by showing a tape of Snuka performing wrestling moves at a May 2015 match.<ref name= Call /> On June 1, 2016, Banach ruled that Snuka was not mentally competent to stand trial for the murder and that a new hearing would be held six months later to re-evaluate his competency, though his attorneys maintained that his condition would not improve over time.<ref name= CBS /> Banach dismissed the charges on January 3, 2017, deeming Snuka mentally unfit to stand trial.<ref name= dismissed>{{cite web| last1= Mason Schroeder|first1=Laurie|last2=Gamiz | first2=Manuel Jr. |title=Judge dismisses homicide charges against Jimmy Snuka |url= http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-charges-dismissed-20170103-story.html|work= The Morning Call |access-date= January 3, 2017|date=January 3, 2017}}</ref> |
|||
*'''[[Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame]]''' |
|||
:*[[Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame#2012|Class of 2012]] |
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=== Illness and death === |
|||
*'''Universal Superstars of America''' |
|||
In August 2015, Snuka's wife, Carole, announced that he was diagnosed with [[stomach cancer]]. As a result, he had surgery to remove his lymph nodes, part of his stomach and all apparent cancer. She said they both expected he would fully recover after "a long road ahead".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/wife-jimmy-superfly-snuka-diagnosed-with-stomach-cancer/|title=Wife: Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka diagnosed with stomach cancer|work=FoxNews|access-date=August 8, 2015|date=August 3, 2015}}</ref> Following [[#Nancy Argentino's death and murder allegations|his arrest]] his attorney, William E. Moore, told reporters Snuka had [[dementia]], stemming from wrestling-related injuries, to the point of being unfit for trial,<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/jimmy-superfly-snuka-unfit-murder-trial-lawyer-article-1.2346455 |title= Jimmy (Superfly) Snuka's lawyer argues all those years getting bashed in the ring make him unfit to stand trial for girlfriend's 1983 murder| first1= Edgar| last1= Sandoval | first2= Larry| last2= McShane| work= New York Daily News| date= September 2, 2015| access-date= January 19, 2017}}</ref> and a judge ultimately agreed.<ref name= CBS /> |
|||
:*USA Heavyweight Championship (2 times, first)<ref name="Titles">{{cite book | author=Royal Duncan & Gary Will | title=Wrestling Title Histories | publisher=Archeus Communications | year=4th Edition 2000 | isbn=0-9698161-5-4 }}</ref> |
|||
In July 2016, Carole Snuka, acting as representative for her husband, joined a [[class action]] lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred "long term neurological injuries" and that the company "routinely failed to care" for them and "fraudulently misrepresented and concealed" the nature and extent of those injuries. The suit is litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/breaking/ct-wwe-cte-lawsuit-20160719-story.html|title=Dozens of wrestlers sue WWE over CTE, effects of traumatic brain injuries| last= Bieler| first= Des| work= [[Chicago Tribune]] |access-date= July 20, 2016|date=July 19, 2016}}</ref> According to a court document filed by Kyros in November 2016, Snuka was diagnosed with "[[chronic traumatic encephalopathy]] or a similar disease". WWE challenged the filing, stating that "no medical report was included" in it. Since [[Chris Benoit double-murder and suicide|the September 2007 autopsy on Chris Benoit that detected he had CTE]], the Kyros Law Firm has represented over 60 wrestlers or estates of deceased wrestlers (including Carole Snuka) in litigation against the WWE.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.denverpost.com/2018/09/19/lawsuit-against-wwe-concussions-thrown-out/| title= Judge throws out lawsuit against WWE by ex-pro wrestlers over concussions|last=Rapaport |first=Daniel |magazine= Sports Illustrated |access-date=November 25, 2017| date= November 4, 2017}}</ref> The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge [[Vanessa Lynne Bryant]] in September 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.denverpost.com/2018/09/19/lawsuit-against-wwe-concussions-thrown-out/| title= Judge throws out lawsuit against WWE by ex-pro wrestlers over concussions|last=Collins|first=Dave|work= [[The Denver Post]] |access-date=October 22, 2018| date= September 19, 2018}}</ref> |
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*'''USA Pro Wrestling''' |
|||
:*USA Pro Heavyweight Championship (1 time) |
|||
On December 2, 2016, it was announced that Snuka was in hospice and had six months left to live, due to a [[terminal illness]].<ref name=six>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcall.com/news/breaking/mc-jimmy-snuka-competency-review-20161202-story.html|title= Testimony: Jimmy Snuka in hospice, has 6 months to live |last= Schroeder|first=Laurie Mason|work=The Morning Call|access-date=January 15, 2017 |date=December 2, 2016}}</ref> He died on January 15, 2017, at age 73 in [[Pompano Beach, Florida]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/controversial-wrestler-jimmy-superfly-snuka-dead-73-n707151| title= Controversial Wrestler Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka Dead at 73|last=McCausland|first=Phil|website= NBCNews.com |access-date=January 15, 2017| date= January 15, 2017}}</ref> |
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*'''[[World Wide Wrestling Alliance]]''' |
|||
:*WWWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name="Titles"/> |
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:*WWWA Intercontinental Championship (1 time)<ref name="Titles"/> |
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== Other media == |
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*'''[[World Wrestling Entertainment|World Wrestling Federation]]''' |
|||
:*[[WWE Hall of Fame]] ([[WWE Hall of Fame#1996|Class of 1996]]) |
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=== Video games === |
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*'''[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards]]''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
:*[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Tag Team of the Year|Tag Team of the Year]] (1981) <small>with Terry Gordy</small> |
|||
|+Video game appearances |
|||
:*[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Best Flying Wrestler|Best Flying Wrestler]] (1981) |
|||
!Year |
|||
:*[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Best Wrestling Maneuver|Best Wrestling Maneuver]] (1981, 1983) <small>[[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Splash|Superfly Splash]]</small> |
|||
!Title |
|||
!Notes |
|||
|- |
|||
|2001 |
|||
|''[[Legends of Wrestling]]'' |
|||
|Video game debut |
|||
|- |
|||
|2002 |
|||
|''[[Legends of Wrestling II]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|2003 |
|||
|''[[WWE SmackDown! Here Comes the Pain]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
| rowspan="2" |2004 |
|||
|''[[Showdown: Legends of Wrestling]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|''[[WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|2005 |
|||
|[[WWE WrestleMania 21 (video game)|''WWE WrestleMania 21'']] |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|2009 |
|||
|''[[WWE Legends of WrestleMania]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|2010 |
|||
|''[[WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2011]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
|2011 |
|||
|''[[WWE All Stars]]'' |
|||
| |
|||
|} |
|||
== Championships and accomplishments == |
|||
*'''Other titles''' |
|||
[[File:Jimmy Snuka PWHOF 2012.jpg|thumb|Snuka is an inductee into the [[Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum]]]] |
|||
:*Tri-State Heavyweight Championship (1 time) |
|||
* '''[[All Japan Pro Wrestling]]''' |
|||
:*SXA United States of America Championship (1 time) |
|||
** [[World's Strongest Tag Determination League]] ([[World's Strongest Tag Determination League#1981|1981]]) – with [[Bruiser Brody]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.all-japan.co.jp/archives/titleholder/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9C%80%E5%BC%B7%E3%82%BF%E3%83%83%E3%82%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%A7/|language=ja|publisher=All Japan Pro Wrestling|access-date=August 6, 2015|title=Titleholder|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717214732/https://www.all-japan.co.jp/archives/titleholder/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9C%80%E5%BC%B7%E3%82%BF%E3%83%83%E3%82%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%A7/|archive-date=July 17, 2015}}</ref> |
|||
** World's Strongest Tag Determination League Technique Award (1988) – with [[Mitsuharu Misawa|Tiger Mask II]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.purolove.com/ajpw/history/rwtl88.php|title=PUROLOVE.com|website=www.purolove.com}}</ref> |
|||
* '''All-Star Wrestling Alliance / American States Wrestling Alliance''' |
|||
** ASWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name= WTitleH />{{rp|81}} |
|||
* '''[[American Wrestling Association]]''' |
|||
** [[AWA Midwest Heavyweight Championship]] ([[AWA Midwest Heavyweight Championship#Title history|1 time]]) |
|||
* '''[[Catch Wrestling Association]]''' |
|||
** CWA British Commonwealth Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cagematch.net/?id=5&nr=887|title=CWA British Commonwealth Championship|publisher=CageMatch.net|access-date=August 8, 2015}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[Cauliflower Alley Club]]''' |
|||
** Other honoree ([[Cauliflower Alley Club#1996|1996]])<ref>{{cite web|title=List of CAC Award Winners|publisher=Cauliflower Alley Club|url=http://www.caulifloweralleyclub.org/list-of-cac-award-winners/|access-date=August 6, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140413080042/http://www.caulifloweralleyclub.org/list-of-cac-award-winners/|archive-date=April 13, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|||
*'''[[Continental Wrestling Association]]''' |
|||
** [[CWA/AWA International Tag Team Championship|CWA International Tag Team Championship]] ([[CWA/AWA International Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[J. T. Southern]]<ref name=museum>{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestlingmuseum.com/pages/wrestlers/jimmysnuka2.html|first=Steve|last=Slagle|title=Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka|publisher=The Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame|access-date=August 6, 2015|archive-date=April 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421093708/http://www.wrestlingmuseum.com/pages/wrestlers/jimmysnuka2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|||
* '''East Coast Pro Wrestling''' |
|||
** ECPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web|title=Title Histories|url=http://www.ecpw1.com/roster/title-histories/|access-date=August 10, 2015|publisher=East Coast Pro Wrestling}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[ECW Championship|NWA ECW Heavyweight Championship]] ([[List of ECW Champions#Title history|2 times, inaugural]]){{efn|Jimmy Snuka's reigns occurred while the promotion was a [[National Wrestling Alliance]] affiliate named [[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]], and was prior to the promotion becoming Extreme Championship Wrestling and the title being declared a world title by ECW.}}<ref name=museum/> |
|||
** [[ECW Television Championship|NWA ECW Television Championship]] ([[List of ECW Television Champions#Title history|1 time]])<ref name=museum/> |
|||
** [[ECW Championship|ECW Heavyweight Championship Tournament (1993)]]<ref>cite web|url= https://www.cagematch.net/?id=26&nr=2611&page=2</ref> |
|||
** [[ECW tournaments#ECW Television Championship Tournament (1993)|ECW Television Championship Tournament (1993)]] |
|||
* '''[[Georgia Championship Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[NWA National Tag Team Championship]] ([[NWA National Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[Terry Gordy]]<ref name=gordy/> |
|||
* '''International Wrestling Superstars''' |
|||
** IWS United States Championship (1 time)<ref name= IWS /> |
|||
* '''[[Jim Crockett Promotions|Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[WWE United States Championship|NWA United States Heavyweight Championship ''(Mid-Atlantic version)'']] ([[List of WWE United States Champions#Title history|1 time]])<ref name=WWEbio/><ref name=museum/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/classics/titlehistory/unitedstates/|title=WWE United States Championship|access-date=May 25, 2020}}</ref> |
|||
** [[WCW World Tag Team Championship|NWA World Tag Team Championship ''(Mid-Atlantic version)'']] ([[List of WCW World Tag Team Champions|2 times]]) – with [[Paul Orndorff]] (1) and [[Ray Stevens (wrestler)|Ray Stevens]] (1)<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517130305/http://www.midatlanticgateway.com/Almanac/mid_a_history/title_status_building.htm|url=http://www.midatlanticgateway.com/Almanac/mid_a_history/title_status_building.htm|archive-date=May 17, 2011|access-date=August 13, 2015|publisher=Mid-Atlantic Gateway|title=Mid-Atlantic Tag Team Title}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wcw.com/2000/superstars/tagteam/|title=WCW World Tag Team Championship History (1980–2000)|publisher=World Championship Wrestling|access-date=August 13, 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20001110053700/http://www.wcw.com/2000/superstars/tagteam/|archive-date=November 10, 2000}}</ref> |
|||
* '''National Championship Wrestling''' |
|||
** NCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with [[Salvatore Sincere|Johnny Gunn]]<ref name= WTitleH>{{cite book | first1= Royal| last1= Duncan| first2= Gary | last2= Will | title=Wrestling Title Histories | publisher=Archeus Communications | year=2000|edition=4th | isbn=0-9698161-5-4 }}</ref>{{rp|68}} |
|||
* '''National Wrestling Federation''' |
|||
** NWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time, last)<ref name= WTitleH />{{rp|50}} |
|||
* '''National Wrestling League''' |
|||
** NWL Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nwlwrestling.com/champs/nwl_heavy.html |title=National Wrestling League Heavyweight Champion History |access-date=August 10, 2015 |publisher=National Wrestling League |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626201118/http://www.nwlwrestling.com/champs/nwl_heavy.html |archive-date=June 26, 2008}}</ref> |
|||
* '''Northeast Wrestling''' |
|||
** NEW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name= WTitleH />{{rp|52}} |
|||
*'''[[NWA All-Star Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (Vancouver version)|NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (''Vancouver version'')]] ([[NWA Canadian Tag Team Championship (Vancouver version)#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[Don Leo Jonathan]]<ref name=museum/> |
|||
* '''[[World Class Championship Wrestling|NWA Big Time Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship]] ([[NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship#Title history|1 time]])<ref name=TexasBook>{{cite book| last1=Will | first1=Gary | first2=Royal | last2= Duncan | title=Wrestling Title Histories: professional wrestling champions around the world from the 19th century to the present | publisher=Archeus Communications | year=2000 | location=Pennsylvania | chapter=Texas: NWA Texas Heavyweight Title [Von Erich] | isbn=0-9698161-5-4 | pages=268–269}}</ref><ref name=TexasWeb>{{cite web | url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/tx/tx-h.html | title= NWA Texas Heavyweight Title | access-date=March 30, 2017 | work=Wrestling-Titles}}</ref> |
|||
** [[WCWA Texas Tag Team Championship|NWA Texas Tag Team Championship]] ([[WCWA Texas Tag Team Championship#NWA|1 time]]) – with [[Gino Hernandez]]<ref name=ETexTagTitleBook>{{cite book| last1=Will | first1=Gary | first2=Royal | last2= Duncan | title=Wrestling Title Histories: professional wrestling champions around the world from the 19th century to the present | publisher=Archeus Communications | year=2000 | location=Pennsylvania | chapter=Texas: NWA Texas Tag Team Title [Von Erich] | isbn=0-9698161-5-4 | pages=275–276}}</ref><ref name=ETexTagTitle>{{cite web| url = http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/tx/tx-t.html | title = NWA Texas Tag Team Title [E. Texas]| access-date = December 27, 2019 | work= wrestling-titles.com}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[Universal Wrestling Federation (Bill Watts)|NWA Tri-State Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[NWA Tri-State Heavyweight Championship#NWA Tri-State Heavyweight Championship (Final version)|NWA Tri-State Heavyweight Championship]] (1 time)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/midsouth/nwa/tri-h.html |title=NWA Tri-State Heavyweight Title (Oklahoma) |year=2003 |publisher=Puroresu Dojo |work=Wrestling-Titles.com}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[List of National Wrestling Alliance territories|NWA West Virginia/Ohio]]''' |
|||
** NWA West Virginia/Ohio Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/wv/nwa-tristate/nwa-tri-h.html |title=NWA Tri-State Heavyweight Title (W. Virginia, Ohio, & Kentucky) |year=2003 |publisher=Puroresu Dojo |work=Wrestling-Titles.com}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[New England Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame]]''' |
|||
** Class of 2010<ref>{{cite web|date=May 12, 2012|access-date=August 12, 2015|publisher=New England Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame|work=Facebook|url=https://www.facebook.com/NewEnglandProWrestlingHallOfFame|title=New England Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame|quote=The class of 2010 for the New England pro wrestling Hall of Fame included Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka, "Living Legend" Larry Zbyszko, The late Rocko Rock and Johnny Grunge (Public Enemy), Sonny Goodspeed, Kenny Casanova, Paul Richard, Tony Ulysses, Bad Boy Billy Black, Maverick Wild, Dr. Heresy, The late Mr.Biggs, John Rambo, Bull Montana, The late Georgiann Makropoulos, "The Duke of Dorchester" Pete Doherty, "Dangerous" Danny Davis, Angelo Savoldi, Mario Savoldi, "Jumpin" Joe Savoldi and Tommy Savoldi.}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[Pacific Northwest Wrestling]]''' |
|||
** [[NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship#Title history|6 times]])<ref name=book62/> |
|||
** [[NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship#Title history|7 times]]) – with [[Frankie Laine (wrestler)|Frankie Laine]] and [[Dutch Savage]] (6)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/pnw/nwa/pnw-t.html |title=NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Title |year=2003 |publisher=Puroresu Dojo |work=Wrestling-Titles.com}}</ref> |
|||
* '''''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated]]''''' |
|||
** [[List of Pro Wrestling Illustrated awards#Match of the Year|Match of the Year]] (1982) <small>vs. [[Bob Backlund]] in a [[Professional wrestling match types#Enclosed structure|cage match]] on June 28</small><ref name= Cawthon-History />{{rp|369}}<ref name=pwi85>{{cite journal|page=85|date=March 1996|publisher=London Publishing Co.|journal=Pro Wrestling Illustrated|title=Achievement Awards: Past Winners|issn=1043-7576}}</ref> |
|||
** [[List of Pro Wrestling Illustrated awards#Most Popular Wrestler of the Year|Most Popular Wrestler of the Year]] (1983)<ref>{{cite journal|page=87|date=March 1996|publisher=London Publishing Co.|journal=Pro Wrestling Illustrated|title=Achievement Awards: Past Winners|issn=1043-7576}}</ref> |
|||
** [[List of Pro Wrestling Illustrated awards#Tag Team of the Year|Tag Team of the Year]] (1980) <small>with Ray Stevens</small><ref name=pwi85/> |
|||
** Ranked No. 75 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the ''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated#PWI 500|PWI 500]]'' in 1993<ref>{{cite web|url=http://profightdb.com/pwi-500/1993.html|title=Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI) 500 for 2007|publisher=Internet Wrestling Database|access-date=November 16, 2016}}</ref> |
|||
** Ranked No. 29 of the top 500 singles wrestlers during the ''PWI Years'' in 2003<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.willywrestlefest.fr/Ressources/PWI/PWI500_PWI_Years_2003.htm|title=PWI 500 of the PWI Years|access-date=January 16, 2019|archive-date=December 5, 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205003511/http://www.willywrestlefest.fr/Ressources/PWI/PWI500_PWI_Years_2003.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[Superstars of Wrestling|Pro Wrestling This Week]]''' |
|||
** Wrestler of the Week (January 25–31, 1987)<ref>{{Cite episode |title=Pro Wrestling This Week |series=[[Superstars of Wrestling]] |first=Joe |last=Pedicino |author-link=Joe Pedicino |first2=Gordon (hosts) |last2=Solie |author2-link=Gordon Solie |network=[[Broadcast syndication|Syndicated]] |station=[[WATL]] |location=[[Atlanta, Georgia]] |date=January 31, 1987 }}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum|Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame]]''' |
|||
** Class of 2012<ref name=pwhf>{{cite web|title=Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka|first=Greg|last=Oliver|url=http://www.pwhf.org/halloffamers/bios/snuka_jimmy.asp|publisher=The Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum|access-date=August 6, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150829003147/http://www.pwhf.org/halloffamers/bios/snuka_jimmy.asp|archive-date=August 29, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|||
*'''''Ring Around The Northwest Newsletter''''' |
|||
**Tag Team of the Year (1973–1974, 1976) <small>with Dutch Savage</small><ref name=KM-RATN>{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/pnw/pnw16.htm |title=Regional Territories: PNW #16 |author=Rodgers, Mike |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}</ref> |
|||
**Wrestler of the Year (1975)<ref name=KM-RATN/> |
|||
* '''Universal Superstars of America''' |
|||
** USA Heavyweight Championship (2 times)<ref name= WTitleH />{{rp|46}} |
|||
* '''USA Pro Wrestling''' |
|||
** USA Pro New York Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/ny/nyc/uxw/uxw-ny.html |title=USA Pro/UXW New York Heavyweight Title |year=2003 |publisher=Puroresu Dojo |work=Wrestling-Titles.com}}</ref> |
|||
* '''[[World Wide Wrestling Alliance]]''' |
|||
** WWWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name= WTitleH />{{rp|65}} |
|||
** WWWA Intercontinental Championship (1 time)<ref name= WTitleH />{{rp|65}} |
|||
* '''[[WWE|World Wrestling Federation]]''' |
|||
** [[WWE Hall of Fame|WWF Hall of Fame]] ([[WWE Hall of Fame (1996)|Class of 1996]])<ref name= WWEbio /> |
|||
* '''''[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]''''' |
|||
** [[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Tag Team of the Year|Tag Team of the Year]] (1981) <small>with Terry Gordy</small><ref name="won">{{cite journal|last=Meltzer|first=Dave|author-link=Dave Meltzer|date=January 26, 2011|title=Biggest issue of the year: The 2011 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards Issue|periodical=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]|location=Campbell, CA|pages=1–40|issn=1083-9593}}</ref> |
|||
** [[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Best Flying Wrestler|Best Flying Wrestler]] (1981)<ref name=tri>{{cite web|url=http://www.twaprowrestling.com/twaupdateapril4.html|title="Superfly" Jimmy Snuka Soars into the TWA on Apr 11th|publisher=Tri-State Wrestling Alliance|access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref> |
|||
** [[Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Best Wrestling Maneuver|Best Wrestling Maneuver]] (1981, 1983) <small>[[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Splash|Superfly Splash]]</small><ref name=tri/> |
|||
** [[List of Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Most Unimproved|Most Unimproved]] (1984)<ref name= WON95>{{Cite news| work= Wrestling Observer Newsletter|title= Results of the 1995 Observer Newsletter Awards |last = Meltzer|first = Dave|date = January 22, 1996}}</ref> |
|||
** [[List of Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Worst on Interviews|Worst on Interviews]] (1984)<ref name= WON95 /> |
|||
** [[List of Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards#Most Washed Up Wrestler|Most Washed Up Wrestler]] (1984)<ref name="won"/> |
|||
== |
== Notes == |
||
{{Notelist}} |
|||
<small><sup>1</sup>Jimmy Snuka's reigns occurred while the promotion was an [[National Wrestling Alliance|NWA]] affiliate named [[Extreme Championship Wrestling|Eastern Championship Wrestling]], and was prior to the promotion becoming Extreme Championship Wrestling and the title being declared a world title by ECW.</small> |
|||
==References== |
== References == |
||
{{Reflist |
{{Reflist}} |
||
==Further reading== |
== Further reading == |
||
* Foley, Mick (1999) ''Have a Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks.'' ReganBooks. ISBN |
* Foley, Mick (1999) ''Have a Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks.'' ReganBooks. {{ISBN|0-06-039299-1}}. |
||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
{{Portal| |
{{Portal|Biography}} |
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{{Commons category}} |
{{Commons category}} |
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*{{Cite web|url=http://www.jimmysuperflysnuka.com/|title=Official website|access-date=December 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019055730/http://www.jimmysuperflysnuka.com/|archive-date=October 19, 2015|url-status=unfit}} |
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*[http://www.jimmysnuka.com/ Official Website] |
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*{{Cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jimmysnuka|title=WWE Profile|access-date=December 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717160817/http://www.wwe.com/superstars/jimmysnuka|archive-date=July 17, 2015|url-status=dead}} |
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*[http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/jimmysnuka/ Jimmy Snuka] at WWE Hall of Fame |
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*{{Professional wrestling profiles}} |
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*[http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/profiles/j/jimmy-snuka.html Jimmy Snuka] at Online World of Wrestling |
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*[http://www.hittheropes.com/interviews/snuka.html HitTheRopes.com Interview] |
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Latest revision as of 15:39, 16 December 2024
Jimmy Snuka | |
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Birth name | James Wiley Smith |
Born | Suva, Fiji[a] | May 18, 1943
Died | January 15, 2017 Coral Springs, Florida, U.S. | (aged 73)
Spouse(s) |
|
Children | Jimmy "Deuce" Snuka, Jr., Liana Snuka and Tamina |
Family | Anoaʻi[1] |
Professional wrestling career | |
Ring name(s) | Jimmy Snuka[2] Jimmy Kealoha[3] Lani Kealoha[4] Tami Snuka[3] The Superfly Big Snuka[3] Great Snuka[4] |
Billed height | 5 ft 10 in (178 cm)[5] |
Billed weight | 235 lb (107 kg)[5] |
Billed from | The Fiji Islands[2] |
Trained by | Danny Hodge[2] |
Debut | 1968[6] |
Retired | 2015[7] |
James Reiher Snuka[b] (born James Wiley Smith; May 18, 1943 – January 15, 2017) was a Fijian and American professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka.
Snuka wrestled for several promotions from the 1970s to 2010s. He was best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) in the 1980s to where he was credited with introducing the high-flying wrestling style.[2] He was inducted into the WWF Hall of Fame in 1996, and was the inaugural ECW World Heavyweight Champion (a title he held twice) in Eastern Championship Wrestling (later Extreme Championship Wrestling). His children, Sim Snuka and Tamina Snuka, are both professional wrestlers.
Snuka was indicted and arrested in September 2015 on third-degree murder and involuntary manslaughter charges in relation to the May 1983 death of his girlfriend and mistress, Nancy Argentino, in Allentown, Pennsylvania. He pleaded not guilty,[9][10] but was found unfit to stand trial in June 2016 due to dementia.[11] Terminally ill with abdominal issues,[12] his charges were dismissed on January 3, 2017, twelve days before his death.[13]
Early life
[edit]Snuka was born in the British colony of Fiji on May 18, 1943, to Louisa Smith and Charles Thomas.[14] Thomas was married to another woman, and Smith was engaged to Bernard Reiher. Before Snuka was born, his mother married Reiher.[15] As a child, Snuka moved with his family to the Marshall Islands and then to Hawaii.[16]
Snuka was active in amateur bodybuilding in Hawaii in the 1960s. He also enjoyed some success as a professional bodybuilder, earning the titles of Mr. Hawaii, Mr. Waikiki and Mr. North Shore.[17]
Professional wrestling career
[edit]Early career (1968–1981)
[edit]Snuka opted to go into the more lucrative career of professional wrestling due to the uncertainty of his making a living in bodybuilding.[18] While working at Dean Ho's gym in Hawaii, Snuka met many of the wrestlers who worked in the South Pacific region and decided to try the business.[17] Snuka made his debut as Jimmy Kealoha fighting Maxwell "Bunny" Butler in Hawaii in 1970. He later moved to the mainland and wrestled for Don Owen’s NWA Pacific Northwest territory where he held the belt as heavyweight champion six times.[19] He first won the title by pinning Bull Ramos on November 16, 1973.[20] It was in this territory that Reiher transformed himself into Jimmy Snuka. Snuka also held the NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship six times with partner Dutch Savage. Snuka also had a two-year feud with another rookie, Jesse "the Body" Ventura.[17]
Snuka also wrestled in several other National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) regions, including Texas. In 1977, he won both the Texas heavyweight and tag team titles. Snuka then left for the Mid-Atlantic where he formed a tag team with Paul Orndorff. In their first television match they defeated the NWA World Tag Team champions Jack and Jerry Brisco in a non-title bout. Orndorff and Snuka defeated Baron von Raschke and Greg Valentine to become the tag team title holders in 1979. On September 1, 1979, Snuka defeated Ricky Steamboat to hold the United States title. Snuka also formed a tag team with Ray Stevens while with this promotion. His career eventually led him to Georgia, where he teamed with Terry Gordy to win the NWA National Tag Team Championship by defeating Ted DiBiase and Steve Olsonoski."[21]
World Wrestling Federation (1982–1985)
[edit]In January 1982, Snuka entered the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) as a villainous character under the guidance of Captain Lou Albano. Snuka lost several title shots at WWF champion Bob Backlund, including a steel cage match at Madison Square Garden on June 28, 1982, in which Snuka leapt from the top of the cage and missed a prone Backlund, who managed to roll out of the way and escape the cage for the win.[22]: 369 The contest was declared Match of the Year by Pro Wrestling Illustrated.[22]: 369
Even though Snuka portrayed a violent villain, he won fans because of his athletic style.[17][23] In a storyline in 1982, Buddy Rogers told Snuka that Albano was cheating him financially, and as a result, Snuka fired Albano. Snuka took on Rogers as his manager during the feud with Albano, Freddie Blassie, and Ray Stevens. The attack solidified Snuka's new role as a fan favorite seeking to settle the score.[24] Snuka defeated Stevens in the majority of the series of matches between the two.[25] He also faced several other of Albano's wrestlers,[26] and defeated Albano in a steel cage match in Madison Square Garden.[26][27]
Snuka also feuded with Don Muraco in 1983, which began after Snuka entered the ring for a match against Don Kernodle on the June 18 episode of Championship Wrestling while Muraco, the Intercontinental Heavyweight champion, was being interviewed. Muraco, enraged at the perceived lack of respect, confronted Snuka at ringside, triggering a brawl.[28] This feud led to a defining moment of Snuka's career on October 17, 1983, in a steel cage match at Madison Square Garden. The match ended in a loss for Snuka, but afterward he dragged Muraco back into the ring and connected with the most famous "Superfly splash" of his career, off the top of the 15-foot (4.6 m) high steel cage.[29] Future wrestling stars the Sandman, Mick Foley, Tommy Dreamer, and Bubba Ray Dudley were all in attendance at the event and cite this match as the reason they decided to actively pursue professional wrestling.[29] Snuka was named the 1983 Wrestler of the Year by Victory Magazine (later renamed WWF Magazine)[30] for his efforts.[31]
In June 1984, Snuka became embroiled in a feud with one of the WWF's top villains, "Rowdy" Roddy Piper. In a segment of Piper's Pit, Piper hit Snuka on the left side of his head very close to the temple, with a coconut.[32][33] The attack led to a series of grudge matches between the two that were played out over venues across the US throughout the summer of 1984. In late 1984, Snuka entered a rehabilitation facility; the WWF created a storyline in which Piper had broken Snuka's neck by hitting him over the head with a chair.[3][34] Tonga Kid, who was billed as Snuka's cousin, continued the feud on Snuka's behalf.[34]
The remainder of Snuka's initial WWF stint had him frequently tangling with Piper one way or another, often via tag matches or wrestling Piper's closest ally, Bob Orton Jr. Snuka defeated Orton at The War to Settle the Score on February 18, 1985; an injury during the match forced Orton to wear a cast on his left arm,[35][36] which he continued to wear after the injury healed.[37] The feud played a small part in the first WrestleMania, in March 1985, when Snuka acted as a cornerman for Hulk Hogan and Mr. T when they defeated Piper and Paul Orndorff (with Orton in their corner).[38] Snuka left the WWF in July 1985,[4] though he still appeared in cartoon form when Hulk Hogan's Rock 'n' Wrestling premiered in September.[39][40]
Japan, AWA and more (1985–1988)
[edit]After spending the rest of 1985 and early 1986 competing for New Japan Pro-Wrestling,[4] Snuka resurfaced in the American Wrestling Association (AWA), replacing Jerry Blackwell as Greg Gagne's partner,[41] to defeat Bruiser Brody and Nord the Barbarian in a tag team cage match at WrestleRock 86.[42]
Snuka split his time between the AWA and Japan throughout 1986 and 1987.[43] His most notable feud in the AWA during that time was with Colonel DeBeers, who portrayed a racist and looked down on Snuka because of his skin color.[44] This led the way for a series of grudge matches in 1987.[43]
Snuka also worked for Pacific Northwest Wrestling and Continental Wrestling Association. In 1988, he worked a couple of matches in Singapore. He wrestled throughout 1988 for All Japan Pro Wrestling, often teaming with Tiger Mask.
Return to WWF (1989–1993)
[edit]Snuka re-emerged in the WWF at WrestleMania V on April 2, 1989.[45][dubious – discuss] He made his televised return to action on the May 27 episode of Saturday Night's Main Event XXI, defeating Boris Zhukov.[22]: 762 After a brief feud with the Honky Tonk Man,[46] Snuka made his in-ring pay-per-view debut at SummerSlam against "Million Dollar Man" Ted DiBiase. Snuka lost the match by count-out as a result of interference from DiBiase's bodyguard Virgil.[46][47]
By the later part of 1989, Snuka was put into a spot like many veterans before him, being used to help put over other rising stars such as "Mr. Perfect" Curt Hennig. At the Survivor Series, Snuka and Hennig were each the final remaining members of their teams, with Hennig pinning Snuka to win the match for his team.[22]: 797 In January 1990, Snuka made his Royal Rumble match debut, lasting 17 minutes and eliminating two competitors before being eliminated by the eventual winner, Hulk Hogan. Snuka had his first WrestleMania match at WrestleMania VI, where he was defeated by Rick Rude.[48] When the Intercontinental Championship was vacated after WrestleMania, Snuka entered the tournament to crown a new champion. He was eliminated in the first round when he once again lost to Mr. Perfect.[49] At that November's Survivor Series, Snuka joined Jake Roberts and the Rockers in a losing effort against Rick Martel, the Warlord and Power and Glory.[50]
On March 24, 1991, Snuka was defeated by the Undertaker at WrestleMania VII, which began Undertaker's undefeated streak at WrestleMania.[51] In January 1992, he competed in the Royal Rumble for the vacant WWF Championship, but lasted only three minutes before being eliminated by Undertaker.[52] Snuka left the WWF soon after, his last recorded match being a loss to Shawn Michaels at the Los Angeles Sports Arena on February 8, 1992.[53]
In the midst of his ECW career, Snuka once again returned to the WWF on September 25, 1993, defeating Brian Christopher at a Madison Square Garden house show. He returned to television two nights later, defeating Paul Van Dale via Superfly Splash on the September 27 episode of Monday Night Raw. The following week on Raw, Snuka participated in a battle royal for the vacant Intercontinental Championship, in which he was eliminated by Rick Martel before departing the company.[54]
NWA Eastern Championship Wrestling (1992–1994)
[edit]Heavyweight champion (1992)
[edit]After leaving the WWF in March 1992, Snuka toured with various smaller organizations and played a role in the formation of Tod Gordon's Philadelphia-based Eastern Championship Wrestling (ECW) organization along with fellow veterans Don Muraco and Terry Funk. Snuka made his ECW debut as a fan favorite at a live event on April 25. He won his first match, a battle royal to qualify for the ECW Heavyweight Championship match against Salvatore Bellomo, the winner of the other battle royal. Immediately after, Snuka defeated Bellomo to become the promotion's first heavyweight champion.[55] A day later, he dropped the title to Johnny Hotbody.[56]
He returned to ECW on July 14, where he defeated Hotbody to regain the heavyweight title, winning it for a second time.[57] He made his first successful title defense, against Mr. Sandman, on July 15.[58] Snuka held the title for the next two months, defeating challengers like Super Destroyer No. 1[59][60] and King Kaluha,[61] before losing the title to Muraco on September 30.[62] Snuka unsuccessfully challenged Muraco for the title in a rematch on October 24,[63] after which he turned into a villain by feigning confrontation with color commentator Stately Wayne Manor and then attacking ECW owner Tod Gordon with a chair.[64] Snuka took on Hunter Q. Robbins III as his manager and closed the year with a loss to Davey Boy Smith on December 19.[65]
Television champion and various feuds (1993–1994)
[edit]Snuka became a member of Paul E. Dangerously's new faction Hotstuff International on the debut episode of the company's eponymous television program Eastern Championship Wrestling on April 6[64] and won an eight-man tournament for the vacant television championship by defeating Larry Winters, the undefeated Tommy Cairo and Glen Osbourne.[66] Snuka frequently teamed with his stablemates Eddie Gilbert and Muraco. Snuka made his first televised title defense against Osbourne on the May 25 episode of Eastern Championship Wrestling, where Snuka retained the title.[67] Snuka successfully defended the title against J.T. Smith and the NWA Pennsylvania Heavyweight champion Tommy Cairo at Super Summer Sizzler Spectacular,[68] while also defending the title on Eastern Championship Wrestling.[67] Snuka lost the title to Terry Funk in a brutal steel cage match at NWA Bloodfest.[69]
Snuka's next notable match took place at The Night the Line Was Crossed in 1994, where he faced rising star Tommy Dreamer in an infamous match. During the match, Dreamer kicked out of a pinfall attempt by Snuka after a Superfly splash, thus marking one of the few times in wrestling history that an opponent kicked out of Snuka's finishing move.[70] Snuka still managed to win by delivering three splashes. Snuka continued his assault on Dreamer after the match,[71][72] which began a feud between the two. Snuka lost to Dreamer on March 5[73] before beating him in a steel cage match at Ultimate Jeopardy.[74] Snuka wrestled his last ECW match at Hardcore Heaven in August, where he and the Tazmaniac picked up a tag team victory over the Pitbulls.[75] Later that month, ECW was taken over by Paul Heyman, who renamed it Extreme Championship Wrestling.[2]
World Championship Wrestling appearances (1993, 2000)
[edit]Snuka wrestled for one night at WCW's Slamboree 1993: A Legends' Reunion on May 23, 1993, teaming with Don Muraco and Dick Murdoch against Wahoo McDaniel, Blackjack Mulligan, and Jim Brunzell in a no contest.[76]
Snuka also appeared on WCW Monday Nitro January 10, 2000, where he gave Jeff Jarrett a Superfly splash off the top of a steel cage.[77]
Independent circuit and retirement (1995–2015)
[edit]Snuka continued to spend much of his time with East Coast Wrestling organizations through the mid-1990s and into the 2000s. During this time, he wrestled the Metal Maniac in a series of matches that spanned across many independent wrestling promotions, winning most of these matches. On August 15, 1997, Snuka defeated the Masked Superstar at the IWA Night of the Legends show in Kannapolis, North Carolina via disqualification when his opponent hit special guest referee Ricky Steamboat.[78][79]
Snuka also participated at the first X Wrestling Federation TV tapings, accompanying his son, Jimmy Snuka Jr. to the ring for matches,[80] including one match where they both delivered a Superfly splash to prone opponents.[81] On June 22, 2002, Snuka won the International Wrestling Superstars (IWS) United States Championship by pin fall against King Kong Bundy in Atlantic City, New Jersey.[82] On April 3, 2004, Snuka and Kamala fought to a no-contest at the International Wrestling Cartel's first-annual "Night Of Legends" event in Franklin, Pennsylvania.[83]
In 2004, Snuka made an appearance for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling at their Victory Road pay-per-view as Piper's guest on Piper's Pit.[84]
On July 1, 2006, Snuka wrestled for 1PW's Fight Club 2 event where he teamed with Darren Burridge to defeat Stevie Lynn and Jay Phoenix.[85]
On March 28, 2009, Snuka again participated at the IWC's "Night Of Legends" event, where he defeated former rival Orton.[86] On August 1, Snuka teamed with Jon Bolen, Jimmy Vegas, and Michael Facade (with Dominic DeNucci) to defeat James Avery, Logan Shulo, Shane Taylor and Lord Zoltan (with Mayor Mystery) at IWC's "No Excuses 5" in Elizabeth, Pennsylvania.[87] On November 28, 2009, he teamed with his son at an NWA Upstate event in Lockport, New York. They defeated the NWA Upstate Tag Team champions Hellcat and Triple X in a non-title match.[88]
In 2011, Jimmy Snuka competed at JCW: Icons and Legends event in a battle royal match won by Zach Gowen.[89] On May 11, 2014, Snuka teamed up with the Patriot to defeat the team of Brodie Williams and Mr. TA at a Big Time Wrestling event.[85] Snuka's last match was at an ECPW event, where he teamed up with Frankie Flow to defeat the team of Andrew Anderson and Jason Knight on May 15, 2015, just 3 days before his 72nd birthday.
Sporadic WWE appearances (1996−2009)
[edit]Snuka was inducted into the WWF Hall of Fame class of 1996.[2] Afterward, he competed at the 1996 Survivor Series.[90] Snuka received a lifetime achievement award from WWE at Madison Square Garden on WWE Raw, August 26, 2002.
In 2005, he appeared at the WWE Homecoming, where he delivered a Superfly splash to Rob Conway. He was a part of the Taboo Tuesday pay-per-view, where fans voted for him (ahead of Kamala and Jim Duggan) to team with Eugene against Conway and Tyson Tomko.[2] Snuka won the match, pinning Conway after a Superfly splash. He appeared at the 2007 WWE draft edition of Raw in a vignette for Vince McMahon appreciation night.[91] On June 24, 2007, Snuka was introduced as Sgt. Slaughter's tag team partner in the open invitational match for the WWE Tag Team Championship at Vengeance, but he was ultimately pinned by his son, Deuce.[2] In 2008, Snuka appeared in the Royal Rumble. He was in the match less than five minutes and primarily focused his efforts on onetime nemesis, Piper. Both were quickly eliminated by the next entrant, Kane.[92]
On the March 2, 2009, episode of Raw, he was attacked by Chris Jericho during a parody of Piper's Pit.[93] This was part of a storyline where Jericho was disrespecting and attacking legends.[94] Two weeks later, on the March 16, 2009, episode of Raw, Snuka, Piper, Ric Flair and Steamboat attacked Jericho.[95] At WrestleMania 25 on April 5, 2009, Snuka teamed with Steamboat and Piper to face Jericho in a legends of WrestleMania handicap match with Flair in their corner. Snuka was the first man eliminated by Jericho, who eventually won the match.[96]
Personal life
[edit]Snuka was the part-owner of Body Slam University and Coastal Championship Wrestling in South Florida with Dan Ackerman and Bruno Sassi.[97] He wrote an autobiography, Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story, which was released on December 1, 2012.[98]
Family
[edit]Snuka was married three times.[99] His second marriage was to Sharon Ili and they had two daughters Liana Snuka and Sarona. Through his marriage to Sharon, Snuka was part of the Anoaʻi wrestling family.[1] He has two granddaughters named Milaneta Polamalu and Maleata Polamalu and he has a stepdaughter Ata Louise, Sharon's third daughter.[99] His third marriage was to Carole on September 4, 2004.[99] He was the stepfather to Carole's three children: Bridget, Richard, and Dennis.[99] He was also married to Patrice Aguirre, the mother of wrestler Gino Hernandez.
Nancy Argentino's death and murder allegations
[edit]On May 10, 1983, a few hours after defeating José Estrada at a WWF television taping at the Lehigh County Agricultural Hall in Allentown, Pennsylvania, Snuka placed a call for an ambulance. When emergency personnel arrived at his room at the George Washington Motor Lodge, they found that his girlfriend and mistress, Nancy Argentino, had been injured. She was transported to Allentown's Sacred Heart Medical Center, where she died shortly after an "undetermined craniocerebral injuries." The coroner's report stated that Argentino, 23, died of traumatic brain injuries consistent with a moving head striking a stationary object. Autopsy findings show Argentino had more than two dozen cuts and bruises—a possible sign of serious domestic abuse—on her head, ear, chin, arms, hands, back, buttocks, legs, and feet. Forensic pathologist Isidore Mihalakis, who performed the autopsy, wrote at the time that the case should be investigated as a homicide until proven otherwise. Deputy Lehigh County coroner Wayne Snyder later said, "Upon viewing the body and speaking to the pathologist, I immediately suspected foul play and so notified the district attorney."[100] Snuka had previously been arrested for beating Argentino on January 18, 1983, at a hotel in Salina, New York, fighting off several deputies who were called by the hotel's night manager. Although Argentino initially sought prosecution, she later denied wanting such; in a later-released file from the murder investigation, an officer's note indicates that “Vince McMahon tried to talk her out of making the complaint against Snuka”, with later investigative journalist David Bixenspan speculating on McMahon's role.[101]
Snuka was the only suspect involved in the subsequent investigation. Although charges were not pressed at the time against Snuka, the case was left officially open. In 1985, Argentino's parents won a $500,000 default judgment against Snuka in U.S. District Court in Philadelphia. Snuka appears not to have ever paid, claiming financial inability.[102] On June 28, 2013, Lehigh County District Attorney Jim Martin announced that the still-open case would be reviewed by his staff.[100] On January 28, 2014, Martin announced that the case had been turned over to a grand jury.[103]
On September 1, 2015, 32 years after the incident, Snuka was arrested and charged with third-degree murder and involuntary manslaughter for Argentino's death.[104][105] It is the oldest case to result in charges in Lehigh County's history.[104] On October 7, 2015, Snuka's lawyers agreed to forego a preliminary hearing, which the prosecution contended was a waste of court resources, given the thorough grand jury investigation. In return, they received transcripts and other evidence from that investigation, which defense attorney Robert J. Kirwan II said would be much more helpful in preparing Snuka's case than a hearing would have been.[106]
On November 2, 2015, Snuka pleaded not guilty before Judge Kelly Banach.[107] A hearing to determine Snuka's competency for trial began in May 2016. Snuka's attorneys argued that a forensic psychologist found Snuka's mental and physical health to be deteriorating. Prosecutors countered by showing a tape of Snuka performing wrestling moves at a May 2015 match.[7] On June 1, 2016, Banach ruled that Snuka was not mentally competent to stand trial for the murder and that a new hearing would be held six months later to re-evaluate his competency, though his attorneys maintained that his condition would not improve over time.[11] Banach dismissed the charges on January 3, 2017, deeming Snuka mentally unfit to stand trial.[13]
Illness and death
[edit]In August 2015, Snuka's wife, Carole, announced that he was diagnosed with stomach cancer. As a result, he had surgery to remove his lymph nodes, part of his stomach and all apparent cancer. She said they both expected he would fully recover after "a long road ahead".[108] Following his arrest his attorney, William E. Moore, told reporters Snuka had dementia, stemming from wrestling-related injuries, to the point of being unfit for trial,[109] and a judge ultimately agreed.[11]
In July 2016, Carole Snuka, acting as representative for her husband, joined a class action lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred "long term neurological injuries" and that the company "routinely failed to care" for them and "fraudulently misrepresented and concealed" the nature and extent of those injuries. The suit is litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE.[110] According to a court document filed by Kyros in November 2016, Snuka was diagnosed with "chronic traumatic encephalopathy or a similar disease". WWE challenged the filing, stating that "no medical report was included" in it. Since the September 2007 autopsy on Chris Benoit that detected he had CTE, the Kyros Law Firm has represented over 60 wrestlers or estates of deceased wrestlers (including Carole Snuka) in litigation against the WWE.[111] The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant in September 2018.[112]
On December 2, 2016, it was announced that Snuka was in hospice and had six months left to live, due to a terminal illness.[12] He died on January 15, 2017, at age 73 in Pompano Beach, Florida.[113]
Other media
[edit]Video games
[edit]Year | Title | Notes |
---|---|---|
2001 | Legends of Wrestling | Video game debut |
2002 | Legends of Wrestling II | |
2003 | WWE SmackDown! Here Comes the Pain | |
2004 | Showdown: Legends of Wrestling | |
WWE SmackDown! vs. Raw | ||
2005 | WWE WrestleMania 21 | |
2009 | WWE Legends of WrestleMania | |
2010 | WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2011 | |
2011 | WWE All Stars |
Championships and accomplishments
[edit]- All Japan Pro Wrestling
- World's Strongest Tag Determination League (1981) – with Bruiser Brody[114]
- World's Strongest Tag Determination League Technique Award (1988) – with Tiger Mask II[115]
- All-Star Wrestling Alliance / American States Wrestling Alliance
- ASWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[116]: 81
- American Wrestling Association
- Catch Wrestling Association
- CWA British Commonwealth Championship (1 time)[117]
- Cauliflower Alley Club
- Continental Wrestling Association
- East Coast Pro Wrestling
- ECPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[119]
- Eastern Championship Wrestling
- Georgia Championship Wrestling
- International Wrestling Superstars
- IWS United States Championship (1 time)[82]
- Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling
- National Championship Wrestling
- NCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Johnny Gunn[116]: 68
- National Wrestling Federation
- NWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time, last)[116]: 50
- National Wrestling League
- NWL Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[124]
- Northeast Wrestling
- NEW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[116]: 52
- NWA All-Star Wrestling
- NWA Big Time Wrestling
- NWA Tri-State Wrestling
- NWA West Virginia/Ohio
- NWA West Virginia/Ohio Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[130]
- New England Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame
- Class of 2010[131]
- Pacific Northwest Wrestling
- Pro Wrestling Illustrated
- Match of the Year (1982) vs. Bob Backlund in a cage match on June 28[22]: 369 [133]
- Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (1983)[134]
- Tag Team of the Year (1980) with Ray Stevens[133]
- Ranked No. 75 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1993[135]
- Ranked No. 29 of the top 500 singles wrestlers during the PWI Years in 2003[136]
- Pro Wrestling This Week
- Wrestler of the Week (January 25–31, 1987)[137]
- Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
- Class of 2012[16]
- Ring Around The Northwest Newsletter
- Universal Superstars of America
- USA Heavyweight Championship (2 times)[116]: 46
- USA Pro Wrestling
- USA Pro New York Heavyweight Championship (1 time)[139]
- World Wide Wrestling Alliance
- World Wrestling Federation
- Wrestling Observer Newsletter
- Tag Team of the Year (1981) with Terry Gordy[140]
- Best Flying Wrestler (1981)[141]
- Best Wrestling Maneuver (1981, 1983) Superfly Splash[141]
- Most Unimproved (1984)[142]
- Worst on Interviews (1984)[142]
- Most Washed Up Wrestler (1984)[140]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Fiji was a British colony at the time of Snuka's birth.
- ^ Reiher legally changed his surname to Snuka.[8]
- ^ Jimmy Snuka's reigns occurred while the promotion was a National Wrestling Alliance affiliate named Eastern Championship Wrestling, and was prior to the promotion becoming Extreme Championship Wrestling and the title being declared a world title by ECW.
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Superfly Snuka and the Anoa'i Family".
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- ^ a b c d Meltzer, Dave (1996). The Wrestling Observer's Who's Who in Pro Wrestling. Wrestling Observer. pp. 111–112.
- ^ a b c d Historical Dictionary of Wrestling. Scarecrow Press. 2014. p. 272. ISBN 9780810879263.
- ^ a b Shields, Brian; Sullivan, Kevin (2009). WWE Encyclopedia. DK. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-7566-4190-0.
- ^ Shields, Brian (2010). Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s. Simon & Schuster. p. 51. ISBN 978-1416532576.
- ^ a b Mason Schroeder, Laurie (May 13, 2016). "Psychologist says Snuka 'shell of a man,' but video shows 'Superfly Splash' from last year". The Morning Call. Archived from the original on May 14, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2016.
- ^ Mooneyham, Mike (January 20, 2013). "Superfly Jimmy Snuka soars again in new book". The Post and Courier. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
- ^ Gamiz, Manuel Jr. (September 1, 2015). "Wrestling legend Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka to be charged in girlfriend's 1983 death". The Morning Call. Retrieved September 1, 2015.
- ^ "Ex-wrestler Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka charged in girlfriend's 1983 death". The Record (Bergen County). Associated Press. September 1, 2015. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Snuka, now 72 and living in Waterford Township, N.J., wrote about Argentino's death in his 2012 autobiography, maintaining his innocence and saying the episode had ruined his life.
- ^ a b c "Judge: Former pro wrestler "Superfly" Snuka incompetent to stand trial". CBS News. June 1, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
- ^ a b Schroeder, Laurie Mason (December 2, 2016). "Testimony: Jimmy Snuka in hospice, has 6 months to live". The Morning Call. Retrieved January 15, 2017.
- ^ a b Mason Schroeder, Laurie; Gamiz, Manuel Jr. (January 3, 2017). "Judge dismisses homicide charges against Jimmy Snuka". The Morning Call. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
- ^ Snuka, Jimmy; Chattman, Jon (2012). Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story. Triumph Books. p. 1. ISBN 978-1600787584.
I was born James Wiley Smith in the Fiji Islands, or Viti, as we call it, on May 18, 1943.
- ^ Snuka, Jimmy; Chattman, Jon (2012). Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story. Triumph Books. p. 2. ISBN 978-1600787584.
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- ^ Solomon, Brian (2010). WWE Legends. Simon and Schuster. p. 80. ISBN 978-1451604504.
- ^ Cawthon, Graham. "Rings Results: 1982". TheHistoryofWWE.com. Retrieved August 7, 2015.
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- ^ Hoops, Brian (June 30, 2008). "Nostalgia Review: AWA Battle By the Bay". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
- ^ Schire, George (2010). Minnesota's Golden Age of Wrestling: From Verne Gagne to the Road Warriors. Minnesota Historical Society. p. 156. ISBN 978-0873516204.
- ^ a b Shields, Brian (2010). Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s. Simon & Schuster. p. 53. ISBN 978-1416532576.
- ^ Zbyszko, Larry (2008). Adventures in Larryland!. ECW Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-1554903221.
- ^ Shields, Brian (2010). Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s. Simon & Schuster. p. 54. ISBN 978-1416532576.
- ^ a b Cawthon, Graham. "Ring Results: 1989". TheHistoryofWWE.com. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
- ^ "Full Event Results: SummerSlam 1989". WWE.com. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
- ^ "Wrestlemania VI results". World Wrestling Entertainment. Archived from the original on February 22, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2009.
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- ^ "ECW Television Championship Tournament 1993". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
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- ^ "NWA Bloodfest: Part 1 results". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
- ^ The first opponent to kick out from Snuka's finishing move was Kevin Von Erich during a televised non-title match on Georgia Championship Wrestling; aired September 5, 1981
- ^ "ECW 1994 Results". The History of WWE. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
- ^ "The Night The Line was Crossed results". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
- ^ "ECW results - March 5, 1994". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
- ^ "Ultimate Jeopardy 1994 results". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
- ^ "Hardcore Heaven 1994 results". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
- ^ "Jimmy Snuka". Retrieved October 23, 2019.
- ^ Russo, Ric (January 21, 2000). "What Ever Happened To . . . Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka?". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
- ^ Apter, Bill. "Names Makin' News." Inside Wrestling. Holiday 1997: 9+.
- ^ Smith, Wes (August 17, 1997). "My Night with the Legends". Solie's Tuesday Morning Report; Solie.org. 3 (208).
- ^ Snuka, Jimmy; Chattman, Jon (2012). "The Jimmy Snuka Timeline". Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story. Triumph Books. ISBN 978-1600787584.
November 2001: Orlando, FL—Jimmy manages his son, Jimmy Snuka Jr., at the first and only set of XWF shows at Universal Studios
- ^ X Wrestling Federation (Producer) (November 14, 2001). The Lost Episodes of the XWF (DVD). Orlando, Florida: Amazon.com.
- ^ a b "Five new Champions are Crowned at Wrestlefest 2002!". IWSwrestling.net. June 2002. Archived from the original on August 3, 2002.
- ^ "2004 Results". International Wrestling Cartel. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
- ^ Clevett, Jason (November 8, 2004). "Victory Road Bombs". Slam! Wrestling. Archived from the original on May 19, 2015. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
- ^ a b "Matches: Jimmy Snuka". CageMatch. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
- ^ "Night of Legends 2009 – March 28th, 2009". International Wrestling Cartel. Archived from the original on November 21, 2016. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
- ^ "No Excuses 5 – August 1st, 2009". International Wrestling Cartel. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
- ^ NWA New York (Producer) (November 28, 2009). NWA New York Raging Gladiator Wrestling III (DVD). Lockport, New York: PridesProductions.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2016. Retrieved August 11, 2015.
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- ^ Jericho, Chris (2014). The Best in the World: At What I Have No Idea. Penguin. p. 104. ISBN 978-0698162143.
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- ^ "Exclusive preface of 'Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story'". USA Today. November 6, 2012. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
- ^ a b c d Snuka, Jimmy; Chattman, Jon (2012). Superfly: The Jimmy Snuka Story. Triumph Books. ISBN 978-1617499807.
- ^ a b Clark, Adam; Amerman, Kevin (June 28, 2013). "DA taking 'fresh look' at death of 'Superfly' Snuka mistress". The Morning Call. Archived from the original on September 4, 2015. Retrieved August 8, 2015.
- ^ Bixenspan, David (May 8, 2020). "Who Failed Nancy Argentino?". MEL Magazine. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
The Onondaga County Sheriff's Office file doesn't contain any trace of an explanation as to why Argentino changed her mind. However, the file for the investigation of her murder from Pennsylvania's Whitehall Township Bureau of Police — which I obtained from the same lawsuit appendix that included the New York file — points to one possible reason. In a single sentence summary from the same phone interview between Bronstad and Romanenko referenced above, Procanyn wrote, "Vince McMahon tried to talk her out of making the complaint against Snuka" (emphasis mine).
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- ^ "NWA Texas Heavyweight Title". Wrestling-Titles. Retrieved March 30, 2017.
- ^ Will, Gary; Duncan, Royal (2000). "Texas: NWA Texas Tag Team Title [Von Erich]". Wrestling Title Histories: professional wrestling champions around the world from the 19th century to the present. Pennsylvania: Archeus Communications. pp. 275–276. ISBN 0-9698161-5-4.
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The class of 2010 for the New England pro wrestling Hall of Fame included Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka, "Living Legend" Larry Zbyszko, The late Rocko Rock and Johnny Grunge (Public Enemy), Sonny Goodspeed, Kenny Casanova, Paul Richard, Tony Ulysses, Bad Boy Billy Black, Maverick Wild, Dr. Heresy, The late Mr.Biggs, John Rambo, Bull Montana, The late Georgiann Makropoulos, "The Duke of Dorchester" Pete Doherty, "Dangerous" Danny Davis, Angelo Savoldi, Mario Savoldi, "Jumpin" Joe Savoldi and Tommy Savoldi.
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- ^ a b Meltzer, Dave (January 22, 1996). "Results of the 1995 Observer Newsletter Awards". Wrestling Observer Newsletter.
Further reading
[edit]- Foley, Mick (1999) Have a Nice Day: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks. ReganBooks. ISBN 0-06-039299-1.
External links
[edit]- "Official website". Archived from the original on October 19, 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2019.
- "WWE Profile". Archived from the original on July 17, 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2019.
- Jimmy Snuka's profile at Cagematch.net , Internet Wrestling Database
- 1943 births
- 2017 deaths
- 20th-century male professional wrestlers
- American male professional wrestlers
- American people of Fijian descent
- Anoaʻi family
- CWA British Commonwealth Champions
- Dangerous Alliance members
- Deaths from cancer in Florida
- Deaths from stomach cancer in the United States
- ECW Heavyweight Champions/ECW World Heavyweight Champions
- ECW World Television Champions
- Expatriate professional wrestlers in Japan
- Fijian emigrants to the United States
- Fijian expatriates in the Marshall Islands
- Fijian professional wrestlers
- NWA National Tag Team Champions
- NWA Texas Heavyweight Champions
- NWA/WCW/WWE United States Heavyweight Champions
- People charged with manslaughter
- People charged with murder
- People from Waterford Township, New Jersey
- Professional wrestlers with chronic traumatic encephalopathy
- Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
- Professional wrestling trainers
- Sportspeople from Clifton, New Jersey
- Violence against women in the United States
- WCW World Tag Team Champions
- American wheelchair users
- WWE Hall of Fame inductees
- World's Strongest Tag Determination League winners