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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{Other uses|Hat Trick (disambiguation)}}
{{Cleanup|date=September 2009}}
{{refimprove|date=December 2021}}
{{Short description|1997 video game}}

{{Infobox VG
{{Infobox video game
|title = Hattrick
|title = Hattrick
|image = [[File:hattrick.png]]
|image = Hattrick Logo.png
|developer = Hattrick Limited
<!-- FAIR USE of Hattrick.png: see image description page at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hattrick.png for rationale -->
|designer = originally Björn Holmér, now Johan Gustafson
|developer = [[Hattrick Limited]]. (The game originated with ExtraLives AB, and large parts of the continued development are still sub-contracted to that company.)
|released = {{release date|df=y|1997|8|30}} (V.1)
|lead designer = originally Björn Holmér, now Johan Gustafson
|released = August 30, 1997 (V.1)
|genre = [[massively multiplayer online game|MMOG]]
|genre = [[massively multiplayer online game|MMOG]]
|modes = [[Multi player]]
|platforms = [[Browser game]]
|platforms = Any [[computer]] connected to the [[internet]]
|requirements = HTML-compatible web browser, Adobe Flash Player (Optional Features)
}}
}}
'''''Hattrick''''' (commonly abbreviated to '''HT''') is an [[Online game|online]], [[Browser game|browser-based]], [[football (soccer)|football]] management [[Video game|game]] ([[massively multiplayer online game|MMOG]]) developed in [[Sweden]]. Currently the game contains 128 different countries, each with its own [[League system|league pyramid]], and 51 different language versions (as of march 2011). As of December 29, 2011, the game had over 650,000 users (although the user base has been declining since February 2009), each with their own [[team]].<ref>
'''''Hattrick''''' is a [[browser game|browser-based]] [[massively multiplayer online game|massively multiplayer online]] [[association football|football]] [[Manager (association football)|management]] [[simulation video game]] developed in [[Sweden]] and launched on 30 August 1997. The game contains 144 different countries plus the Hattrick International (only for paying HT-Supporters), each with its own [[League system|league pyramid]], and 53 different language versions. As of October 8th 2022, the community of the game has 201,895 users worldwide, each with their own [[football team|team]]. The number peaked in February 2009 with almost one million users.<ref>{{cite web
{{cite web
| last = van den Hoek
| last = van den Hoek
| first = László
| first = László
| year = 2011
| date = February 2012
| month = February
| url = http://www.maptrick.org/graphs.php?country=0#graphs
| url = http://www.maptrick.org/graphs.php?country=0#graphs
| title = Graphs
| title = History of Global Number of Users (Graph)
| format = PHP
| format = PHP
| work = Maptrick
| work = Maptrick
| accessdate = 2011-10-08
| accessdate = 2012-04-16
| archive-date = 29 March 2012
}}</ref> ''Hattrick'' is in its 47th season and has been running since August 30, 1997.<ref name=autogenerated1>http://www.ione.se/content.php?article.220 ''Hattrick'' - The History</ref> Most users cite [[Hattrick#Season 11: Modern Interface|Season 11]], which began October 15, 2000, as the beginning of ''Hattrick'' as it is today.
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120329032048/http://www.maptrick.org/graphs.php?country=0#graphs
| url-status = dead
}}</ref> ''Hattrick'' has arranged 82 seasons as of November 2022, each lasting four months.


The game is free to play, though there is an optional premium supporter service that provides additional features, as well as a mobile service, both available by in-game purchase. As with any manager game, the player must assign positions to the players and choose among various tactical and strategic options. As stated by third-party [[web analytics]] providers [[Alexa Internet|Alexa]] and [[SimilarWeb]], ''Hattrick'' is rated as the 360th and 584th most visited website in Italy respectively.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/hattrick.org | title=hattrick.org Site Overview | publisher=Alexa | accessdate=1 August 2015 | archive-date=5 September 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905151110/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/hattrick.org | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="similar">{{cite web | url=http://www.similarweb.com/website/hattrick.org | title=hattrick.org Analytics | publisher=SimilarWeb | accessdate=30 July 2015}}</ref> In 2015, SimilarWeb rated the site as the most visited [[fantasy sports]] website globally, attracting almost 4.6 million visitors per month.<ref name="similar" /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.similarweb.com/category/sports/fantasy_sports | title=Top 50 sites in the world for Sports > Fantasy Sports | publisher=SimilarWeb | accessdate=1 August 2015}}</ref>
The game is free to play, though there is an optional premium [[Hattrick#Hattrick Supporter|Supporter Service]] as well as a [[#Hattrick Mobile|Mobile Service]], both available by in-game purchase. As with any manager game, the player must assign positions to the players and choose among some basic tactical and strategic options.


==Basics==
==Gameplay==
[[File:Hattrick Screen.png|thumb|right|Hattrick Screenshot (Old design - 2006)]]
<!-- FAIR USE of ''Hattrick'' Screen.png: see image description page at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hattrick Screen.png for rationale -->


The basic idea of ''Hattrick'' is to manage a [[football (soccer)|football]] team wisely, whether it be in buying and selling players, setting the team's lineup, or expanding the arena to the perfect size. Every user in ''Hattrick'' has a team of his/her own. The user has wide control over their team, and gameplay is mainly limited by economic and tactical restrictions. Many different types of teams exist within Hattrick; the team's type is generally shaped by the training program set up by the user, as well as the formations played.
Gameplay revolves around managing a [[football (soccer)|football]] team, tasking the player with buying and selling players, setting the team's lineup, or expanding the arena to the perfect size, with each player having a team of their own. Many different types of teams exist within ''Hattrick'', with team types shaped by the training program set up by the player, as well as the formations played. Each included country has a league, which is divided into series. The series below the main divisions are also groups, where teams play each other in two legs, the number of sets and groups are defined according to the number of users in the country. Each included country also has a national cup that is played by all teams through a [[knockout tournament|knockout system]]. The winners of the top division and cup of each country gain spots in the Hattrick Masters.


===League pyramid===
== Development ==
In April 2012, Hattrick Holdings was purchased by Zattikka, a casual gaming developer based in the United Kingdom, as part of its strategy to acquire established but "under-exploited" online games.<ref name=tc-zattikka>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2012/04/16/europes-zynga-social-games-co-zattikka-raises-20m-on-aim-buys-hattrick-concept-art-house-and-sneaky-games/ |title=Europe's Zynga? Social Games Co. Zattikka Raises $20M On AIM, Buys Hattrick, Concept Art House And Sneaky Games |last=Lunden |first=Ingrid |work=TechCrunch |date=16 April 2012 |accessdate=16 April 2012}}</ref> As a preparation for the sale to Zattikka, the developers declared that they would not improve core features of the game for the foreseeable future (for example, postponing the announced new staff system), but instead focus on improving the experience for newer players coming into the game, as well as attracting new members and adding things, such as Hattrick gears, that users can pay for. The philosophy to not be able to pay for success still stands. In August 2013 the former owner group of ''Hattrick'' (which includes HT-Johan and HT-Daniel) reached an agreement with Zattikka to buy back the game.<ref name=gamesindustry.biz>{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2013-08-07-zattikka-enters-administration-sells-assets |title=Zattikka enters administration, sells assets |work=gamesindustry.biz|date=7 August 2013 }}</ref>
Each included (not all fifa countries are, but they are added when needed) country has its own league pyramid. Abandoned teams in high levels of the league pyramid are not given to new players until the team demotes to one of the bottom two levels of their country's pyramid. As a result, new users begin at the bottom of their country's pyramid and have to work their way up by winning their division at each level. Each division has eight teams competing for the league title. When new players join, their division is randomly selected by the administrator who handles their registration application. If a player is successful enough to win their division, he or she has the opportunity to promote to the next level the following [[season]]; depending on the division level of the team and the team's relative performance when compared with other winners from their level, the league winner either auto-promotes to the next level or plays a qualification match against a team from the higher division.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
|+ Hattrick League Promotion and Demotion System
|-
! Position !! Division I Result !! Div. II, III, IV, V !! Div. VI !! Div. VII and below ''(odd)'' !! Div. VIII and below ''(even)''
|-
! 1st
| bgcolor="gold" | '''National Champion''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#ddffdd" | Auto-promotion or Qualifier || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | Auto-promotion || style="border-left:2px solid #ccffcc" bgcolor="#ccffcc" |
|-
! 2nd
| style="border-bottom:1px solid #f9f9f9; border-right:1px solid #f9f9f9" | || style="border-bottom:1px solid #f9f9f9; border-right:1px solid #f9f9f9" | || style="border-bottom:1px solid #f9f9f9" | || style="border-bottom:1px solid #f9f9f9" |
|-
! 3rd
| style="text-align:center" colspan="5" rowspan="2" | ''Team stays in their current league''
|-
! 4th
|-
! 5th
| style="background-color:#ffeecc; vertical-align: center;" colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Relegation Qualifier<ref group="n" name="n 1">Except for the lowest division in the country</ref> || colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="border-top:2px solid #f9f9f9;" |
|-
! 6th
|-
! 7th
| style="background-color:#ffcccc; vertical-align: center;" colspan="5" rowspan="2" | Auto-Relegation<ref group="n" name="n 1" />
|-
! 8th
|}
<references group="n" />
Winners in divisions II&nbsp;— VI will auto-promote if they are in the top half of the ranking among other winners in their league level, as determined by total points and goals. If the team is in the bottom half, they will draw a qualifier opponent. Winners in divisions VII and below automatically promote. In addition, depending on the level, teams who place 2nd in the lower divisions may also promote, as detailed in the table above. At every level except the bottom division in a country, the teams placing 5th or 6th must play a qualifier against a team from the division below them. Teams placing 7th or 8th automatically demote to a division below theirs, and are replaced by auto-promotees.


=== Forums ===
== Reception ==
''Hattrick'' has been studied academically, for example being used in a [[University of Helsinki]] case study into whether online simulation games, such as ''Hattrick'', could be used as a business model for online betting and gambling businesses.<ref>New Business in Computer-mediated Communities. (Helsinki, 2004) (Patrik Ajalin, Tomas Granö, and Kaj Nyberg) Available: http://www.cs.hut.fi/~rsarvas/Sarvas_etal_NewBusiness.pdf Accessed: 11 May 2008.</ref> The conclusion was ''"Online gambling on simulated sport events is a very interesting proposition with good prospects in the future; further research and piloting projects are however needed before one can give any conclusive answer to the actual future value of such services."''
Forums exist for every series, country, region, [[Hattrick#CHPP Applications|CHPP Program]], and federation in the game, along with a Global forum. In addition, there are forums for "[[newbie]]s" to ask questions about the game, as well as both country-level and global "non-HT" forums, in which free discussion of topics outside of ''Hattrick'' may occur.


It has also been used as the basis for a [[Lund University]] academic paper, ''"Time Extraction from Real-time Generated Football Reports"'',<ref>Title: Time Extraction from Real-time Generated Football Reports (Borg, Markus) Description: Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA-2007. Editors: Joakim Nivre, Heiki-Jaan Kaalep, Kadri Muischnek and Mare Koit. University of Tartu, Tartu, 2007. {{ISBN|978-9985-4-0513-0}} (online) {{ISBN|978-9985-4-0514-7}} (CD-ROM) pp. 37-43. Available: {{hdl|10062/2516}} Accessed: 13 May 2008.</ref> presented at the Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics in [[Tartu, Estonia]] in 2007.
=== League and National Cup ===


== History ==
Each included country has a league which is divided into series. The series below the main divisions are also groups, where teams play each other in two legs, the number of sets and groups are defined according to the number of users in the country.
Hattrick was launched on 30 August 1997. Initially, Swedish was the only language available. In early 2000, the game development company Hattrick Extralives was founded.


In May 2001, the company presented Hattrick Supporter, a premium service that would be the main source of income for the company.
Each included country also has a national cup that is played by all teams through a knockout system.


In February 2008, Hattrick launched a board game called Match of the Season. In 2011, Hattrick was voted the Most Favourite Simulation Game of 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hattrick History » About Hattrick » Help » Hattrick|url=https://www80.hattrick.org/en/Help/History.aspx|website=www80.hattrick.org|access-date=2020-05-25|archive-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517001757/https://www.hattrick.org/en/Help/History.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The winners of the top division and cup of each country gain spots in the Hattrick Masters. If one team is champion of the crown and major league, it is the sole representative of its country.
The countries with the largest number of users are [[Argentina]], [[Denmark]], [[Germany]], [[England]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Mexico]], [[Finland]], [[Sweden]] and [[United States]]. The United States and England are in the 41st season of league.

== Premium features ==
Though ''Hattrick'' is free to play, the game has an optional pay-to-play feature called ''Hattrick Supporter''. Hattrick Limited earns additional revenue through the ''Hattrick Mobile'' service, and through the more traditional merchandise offerings in the game's shop.

The purchase of ''Hattrick Supporter'' unlocks a number of optional features. "''Hattrick Supporter'' will not give your team any in-game advantages, but rather deepen your experience of the game,"<ref>http://www.hattrick.org Help » About Supporter</ref> according to the game developers.

== Outside ==
The large ''Hattrick'' community has expanded the reach of the game well beyond the hattrick.org website. Many supplemental websites for the game seek to explain the game's inner workings to new players, while others simply offer easier methods of calculation and organization.

=== CHPP Applications ===
Certified ''Hattrick'' Product Providers (CHPP Applications) enhance the HTML-based game by accessing various site data from the server and using it to perform useful functions. [[Application software|Applications]] outside of Hattrick.org which use any form of automation (such as scanning pages) must be CHPP certified. CHPP Applications take many forms. Manager Assistants such as [http://www.lokesoftware.dk/ham/ ''Hattrick'' Assistant Manager (HAM)] and [http://www.hattrickorganizer.net ''Hattrick'' Organizer (HO!)] generally help managers by organizing various team data graphically and archiving that data. Manager Assistants also usually offer some sort of lineup calculator that calculates the ratings teams will achieve with a certain lineup. Match Viewers offer an enhanced method of viewing matches live beyond the in-game HT Live. Statistics scanners such as [http://www.alltid.org/ Alltid] offer in-depth analysis of ''Hattrick'' data. NT/U20 Trackers such as [http://www.ht-world.org/ HT-World] and [http://www.ht-turkiye.com Türkiye U20 Player Database] help NT/U20 coaches to follow players easily. Other CHPP applications include Friendly Cup Assistants, [[Web browser|browser]] plugins, and even online betting. Applications that are CHPP certified display a CHPP logo, and ''Hattrick'' users may login to the applications using their ''Hattrick'' username and password which produces an OAuth token for use with CHPP.

=== Award ===
''Hattrick'' has won the Multiplayer Online Games Directory's "Game of the Month" Award on three separate occasions: October 2002, April 2004, and most recently in November 2006.<ref>Multiplayer Online Games Directory - Game of the Month: Available: http://www.mpogd.com/gotm/?Date=10/1/2002 Accessed: 11th May 2008.</ref>

=== Academic study ===
''Hattrick'' has been studied academically, for example being used in a [[University of Helsinki]] case study into whether online simulation games, such as Hattrick, could be used as a business model for online betting and gambling businesses.<ref>New Business in Computer-mediated Communities. (Helsinki, 2004) (Patrik Ajalin, Tomas Granö, and Kaj Nyberg) Available: http://www.cs.hut.fi/~rsarvas/Sarvas_etal_NewBusiness.pdf Accessed: 11th May 2008.</ref> The conclusion was ''"Online gambling on simulated sport events is a very interesting proposition with good prospects in the future; further research and piloting projects are however needed before one can give any conclusive answer to the actual future value of such services."''

It has also been used as the basis for a [[Lund University]] academic paper, ''"Time Extraction from Real-time Generated Football Reports"''<ref>Title: Time Extraction from Real-time Generated Football Reports (Borg, Markus) Description: Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA-2007. Editors: Joakim Nivre, Heiki-Jaan Kaalep, Kadri Muischnek and Mare Koit. University of Tartu, Tartu, 2007. ISBN 978-9985-4-0513-0 (online) ISBN 978-9985-4-0514-7 (CD-ROM) pp. 37-43. Available: http://hdl.handle.net/10062/2516 Accessed: 13th May 2008.</ref>, presented at the Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics in Tartu, Estonia, 2007. The paper proposed sorting events in football match reports, per sentence, based on a [[classification scheme]] (e.g., result-change, save, finish, pre-finish) and implemented the approach in [[proof of concept]] tool. For [[Swedish language|Swedish]], the approach was better than naively assuming that events occurred in the same order as they appear in the match report.

=== Charity ===
ExtraLives AB and ''Hattrick'' support the [[Homeless World Cup]] initiative, through banner adverts on the ''Hattrick'' website and financial donations matching those of ''Hattrick'' players.<ref>http://www.homelessworldcup.org/ and http://www.justgiving.com/hattrick Accessed: 11th May 2008.</ref>

=== Global Football Monitor 2006 ===
During two weeks in May 2006, more than 196,000 ''Hattrick'' members gave their opinions about the upcoming World Cup in Germany, making this the largest ever football survey.
<ref>http://www.globalfootballmonitor.com/ Accessed: 14th May 2008.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Sports management games]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|25em}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
*Hattrick: http://hattrick.org
* {{official website|http://hattrick.org}}


[[Category:Association football video games]]
[[Category:1997 video games]]
[[Category:Massively multiplayer online games]]
[[Category:Association football management video games]]
[[Category:Browser games]]
[[Category:Multiplayer online games]]
[[Category:Free online games]]
[[Category:Internet in Sweden]]
[[Category:Internet in Sweden]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 1997]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 1997]]
[[Category:Massively multiplayer online role-playing games]]
[[Category:Online text-based role-playing games]]
[[Category:Video games developed in Sweden]]
[[Category:Video games developed in Sweden]]
[[Category:Browser-based multiplayer online games]]
[[Category:Sports management MMORPGs]]
[[Category:Sports management video games]]
[[Category:Free online games]]

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Latest revision as of 02:18, 20 December 2024

Hattrick
Developer(s)Hattrick Limited
Designer(s)originally Björn Holmér, now Johan Gustafson
Platform(s)Browser game
Release30 August 1997 (1997-08-30) (V.1)
Genre(s)MMOG

Hattrick is a browser-based massively multiplayer online football management simulation video game developed in Sweden and launched on 30 August 1997. The game contains 144 different countries plus the Hattrick International (only for paying HT-Supporters), each with its own league pyramid, and 53 different language versions. As of October 8th 2022, the community of the game has 201,895 users worldwide, each with their own team. The number peaked in February 2009 with almost one million users.[1] Hattrick has arranged 82 seasons as of November 2022, each lasting four months.

The game is free to play, though there is an optional premium supporter service that provides additional features, as well as a mobile service, both available by in-game purchase. As with any manager game, the player must assign positions to the players and choose among various tactical and strategic options. As stated by third-party web analytics providers Alexa and SimilarWeb, Hattrick is rated as the 360th and 584th most visited website in Italy respectively.[2][3] In 2015, SimilarWeb rated the site as the most visited fantasy sports website globally, attracting almost 4.6 million visitors per month.[3][4]

Gameplay

[edit]

Gameplay revolves around managing a football team, tasking the player with buying and selling players, setting the team's lineup, or expanding the arena to the perfect size, with each player having a team of their own. Many different types of teams exist within Hattrick, with team types shaped by the training program set up by the player, as well as the formations played. Each included country has a league, which is divided into series. The series below the main divisions are also groups, where teams play each other in two legs, the number of sets and groups are defined according to the number of users in the country. Each included country also has a national cup that is played by all teams through a knockout system. The winners of the top division and cup of each country gain spots in the Hattrick Masters.

Development

[edit]

In April 2012, Hattrick Holdings was purchased by Zattikka, a casual gaming developer based in the United Kingdom, as part of its strategy to acquire established but "under-exploited" online games.[5] As a preparation for the sale to Zattikka, the developers declared that they would not improve core features of the game for the foreseeable future (for example, postponing the announced new staff system), but instead focus on improving the experience for newer players coming into the game, as well as attracting new members and adding things, such as Hattrick gears, that users can pay for. The philosophy to not be able to pay for success still stands. In August 2013 the former owner group of Hattrick (which includes HT-Johan and HT-Daniel) reached an agreement with Zattikka to buy back the game.[6]

Reception

[edit]

Hattrick has been studied academically, for example being used in a University of Helsinki case study into whether online simulation games, such as Hattrick, could be used as a business model for online betting and gambling businesses.[7] The conclusion was "Online gambling on simulated sport events is a very interesting proposition with good prospects in the future; further research and piloting projects are however needed before one can give any conclusive answer to the actual future value of such services."

It has also been used as the basis for a Lund University academic paper, "Time Extraction from Real-time Generated Football Reports",[8] presented at the Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics in Tartu, Estonia in 2007.

History

[edit]

Hattrick was launched on 30 August 1997. Initially, Swedish was the only language available. In early 2000, the game development company Hattrick Extralives was founded.

In May 2001, the company presented Hattrick Supporter, a premium service that would be the main source of income for the company.

In February 2008, Hattrick launched a board game called Match of the Season. In 2011, Hattrick was voted the Most Favourite Simulation Game of 2011.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ van den Hoek, László (February 2012). "Graphs". Maptrick. Archived from the original (PHP) on 29 March 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  2. ^ "hattrick.org Site Overview". Alexa. Archived from the original on 5 September 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  3. ^ a b "hattrick.org Analytics". SimilarWeb. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  4. ^ "Top 50 sites in the world for Sports > Fantasy Sports". SimilarWeb. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  5. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (16 April 2012). "Europe's Zynga? Social Games Co. Zattikka Raises $20M On AIM, Buys Hattrick, Concept Art House And Sneaky Games". TechCrunch. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
  6. ^ "Zattikka enters administration, sells assets". gamesindustry.biz. 7 August 2013.
  7. ^ New Business in Computer-mediated Communities. (Helsinki, 2004) (Patrik Ajalin, Tomas Granö, and Kaj Nyberg) Available: http://www.cs.hut.fi/~rsarvas/Sarvas_etal_NewBusiness.pdf Accessed: 11 May 2008.
  8. ^ Title: Time Extraction from Real-time Generated Football Reports (Borg, Markus) Description: Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA-2007. Editors: Joakim Nivre, Heiki-Jaan Kaalep, Kadri Muischnek and Mare Koit. University of Tartu, Tartu, 2007. ISBN 978-9985-4-0513-0 (online) ISBN 978-9985-4-0514-7 (CD-ROM) pp. 37-43. Available: hdl:10062/2516 Accessed: 13 May 2008.
  9. ^ "Hattrick History » About Hattrick » Help » Hattrick". www80.hattrick.org. Archived from the original on 17 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
[edit]
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