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Coordinates: 35°17′24″S 149°08′13″E / 35.29°S 149.137°E / -35.29; 149.137
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{{Short description|Annual spring flower show in Canberra, Australia}}
{{No footnotes|date=April 2009}}
{{Use Australian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{More footnotes|date=April 2009}}
{{Infobox recurring event
| name = Floriade
| native_name =
| logo = [[File:Floriade (Canberra) logo.jpg]]
| logo_caption =
| image = Floriade Canberra 2013.jpg
| imagesize = frameless
| caption = Floriade in 2013
| date = September to October (Spring)
| begins = 14 September 2024
| ends = 13 October 2024
| frequency = Annual
| location = [[Commonwealth Park]], [[Canberra]], [[Australia]]
| first = 1988
| last = 2023
| participants =
| attendance = 507,550 (2019: Record)<ref name="canb-times-attend'19" /><br>481,854 (2014: Previous record)<ref name=Kelly>{{cite news|url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/floriade-entices-nearly-half-a-million-visitors-20141015-116lzn.html|newspaper=The Canberra Times|publisher=Fairfax Media|date=16 October 2014|archive-date=16 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016043223/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/floriade-entices-nearly-half-a-million-visitors-20141015-116lzn.html|title=Floriade entices nearly half a million visitors|first=Emma|last=Kelly}}</ref><br>427,768 (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2022 |title=427,000 people visited Floriade in Commonwealth Park, 2023 festival theme announced |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7951646/floriade-return-falls-just-short-of-visitor-target/ |access-date=2 February 2024 |website=[[Canberra Times]]}}</ref><br>433,000 (2023)
| genre = Spring flower show and festival
| budget =
| patron =
| website = https://floriadeaustralia.com/
| footnotes =
}}
[[File:Canberra Floriade.jpg|thumb|250px|right|A glorious and extensive display of [[tulips]] is a highlight of Floriade]]
'''Floriade''' is a flower and entertainment festival held annually in [[Canberra]]'s [[Commonwealth Park, Canberra|Commonwealth Park]] on the shores of [[Lake Burley Griffin]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hitch |first1=Georgia |last2=Pianegonda |first2=Elise |title=Wet weather fails to deter Floriade tourists on opening weekend |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-09-18/wet-weather-fails-to-deter-floriade-tourists/7856252 |publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=en-AU |date=18 September 2016}}</ref> It features extensive displays of flowering bulbs with integrated sculptures and other artistic features. ''Floriade'' comes from the Latin word {{lang|la|floriat}}, which means to design with flowers.


The festival attracts tourists from around Australia and overseas in spring from mid September to mid October each year, and is considered the most important regular event for tourism in the [[Australian Capital Territory]]. It is also called "Australia's Celebration of Spring". After some controversy regarding an entry charge, admission to Floriade has been free for a number of years. When the main event at Commonwealth Park was cancelled due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory|COVID-19 pandemic in 2020]], the plants were instead placed at over 100 separate sites across Canberra in an event dubbed ''Floriade: Reimagined''. A similar flower distribution is planned for 2021 after the event was again cancelled.
[[Image:Floriade canberra05.jpg|thumb|250px|right|A glorious and extensive display of [[Tulips]] is a highlight of Floriade]]
'''Floriade''' is a flower and entertainment [[festival]] held annually in [[Canberra]]'s [[Commonwealth Park, Canberra|Commonwealth Park]] featuring extensive displays of flowering bulbs with integrated sculptures and other artistic features. Floriade comes from the Latin word floriat, which means to design with flowers.

The festival attracts [[tourist]]s from around Australia and overseas in spring from mid September to mid October each year, and is considered the most important regular event for tourism in the [[Australian Capital Territory]]. It is also called "Australia's Celebration of Spring". After some controversy regarding an entry charge, admission to Floriade has been free for a number of years.


== History ==
== History ==
===Origin===
Floriade started in '''1988''' as a one off celebration of Canberra's 75th birthday and Australia's bicentenary of European settlement. Due to the success and popularity of the event, it has run every year since then with each year having a new theme and is currently the largest flower festival in the [[Southern hemisphere]] with over 300,000 visitors each year.
Floriade was the idea of Christiaan Slotemaker de Bruine, Landscape Architect with the Department of Capital Territory in Canberra. He commenced the design in 1986 and based it on the world famous '[[Keukenhof]]' garden in The Netherlands. He orchestrated the construction with Peter Sutton, Holticulturist and Manager of Commonwealth Gardens. He arranged the marketing, sculptures, live music, the purchase of bulbs, entertainment, lifting of bulb quarantine quotas as well as the design. Together with Sutton, they built the design on the site of Commonwealth Park with the help of City Parks staff.


The design concept of the first event was 'multiculturalism of the Nation' and included Dutch and Aboriginal floral layouts. de Bruine obtained sponsorship from the Embassy of the Netherlands and the Bicentennial Authority. Sutton and de Bruine continued their successful partnership for the next two years, 1989 and 1990.
In September 2005 ACT tourism authorities considered legal action over a trademark violation with [[Hunter Valley]] Gardens in [[New South Wales]] [http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200509/s1458009.htm] who had renamed their annual floral festival to '''''Floriade''' Hunter Valley Gardens''. The term Floriade was replaced with ''Festival of Flowers'' in 2006.
[[Image:Floriade canberra.jpg|thumb|Floriade in 2005]]


===Chronology===
Floriade started in 1988<ref name="CT_190914"/> as a one off celebration of Canberra's 75th birthday and [[Australia's Bicentenary]] of European settlement.<ref>{{cite news|first=Crystal|last=Ja|title=Thousands expected at ACT's Floriade|url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/thousands-expected-at-acts-floriade-20100910-154gr.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016044925/http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/thousands-expected-at-acts-floriade-20100910-154gr.html|archive-date=16 October 2014|date=10 September 2010|newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|publisher=Fairfax Media}}</ref> Due to the success and popularity of the event it has run with a new theme every year, although in 2020 the centralised event was cancelled due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite news|first=Andrew|last=Brown|title=Floriade 2020 cancelled due to coronavirus pandemic|url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6706465/floriade-bulbs-to-be-planted-across-city-after-event-cancellation/|date=1 April 2020|newspaper=[[Canberra Times]]|publisher=Fairfax Media}}</ref>


In 2020 due to the cancellation of the Commonwealth Park event, scheduled for 12 September to 11&nbsp;October,<ref name="canb-times-attend'19" /> the one million [[Bulb|bulbs]] and [[annual (plant)|annuals]] that would typically be on display were distributed over 130 different sites to create a Tulip Trail through Canberra's suburbs and city for ''Floriade: Reimagined''. Around 300,000 of the plants were distributed to community groups and organisations, not-for-profits, sporting clubs, schools and early learning centres, as well as residents’ groups across Canberra.<ref>{{cite web |title=Canberra-wide Tulip Trail leads Floriade: Reimagined |url=https://canberraweekly.com.au/canberra-wide-tulip-trail-leads-floriade-reimagined/ |website=Canberra Weekly |date=10 September 2020 |publisher=Newstate Media |access-date=2 October 2020}}</ref>
== Location ==
Floriade is located in [[Commonwealth Park, Canberra]].
In 2021 Floriade was again cancelled due to Covid restrictions on 21 August.<ref>{{cite web |title=NSW records 825 new Covid cases, the worst total of any Australian state since pandemic began |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/aug/21/nsw-records-825-new-covid-cases-the-worst-total-of-any-australian-state-since-pandemic-began |website=[[Australian Associated Press]] |publisher=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=en |date=21 August 2021 |quote=ACT reports eight new coronavirus cases and cancels Floriade while Queensland records zero}}</ref> Flowers that were to be displayed in Commonwealth Park were again distributed around Canberra as they were in 2020.<ref name="canb-times-floriade-2021-cancel">{{cite news |last1=Lindell |first1=Jasper |title=Canberra lockdown: The bulbs are in but crowds are out as Floriade cancelled for second year running |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7396438/the-bulbs-are-in-but-crowds-are-out-floriade-cancelled-for-2021/ |access-date=22 August 2021 |work=The Canberra Times |publisher=Australian Community Media |date=21 August 2021 |language=en-AU}}</ref>


==Name==
Dates:
*2012: Saturday 15 September to Sunday 14 October
*2008: 13 September - 12 October
*2009: 12 September - 11 October
*2010: 11 September - 10 October
*2011: 17 September - 16 October


When the first festival was announced in 1987, the word "floriade" was said to mean ''"to decorate with floral designs"''.<ref name="CT_190914"/>
==Public art and Culture==
According to a later version, "floriade" comes from a Latin verb form "floreat"<ref name="CT_190914"/> which is derived from [[Floruit|"floreo"]] meaning ''"to be decked or covered with flowers"''.<ref name="CT_190914"/> Thus, "Floriade" means ''"let it bloom"''.<ref name="CT_190914"/>
Floriade gives great expression to public art, each year commissioning works which are placed in the Floriade gardens. Some remain beyond the festival. Floriade also showcases musical displays with many live performances, cultural celebrations, artistic displays, entertainment and recreational activities. [http://www.floriadeaustralia.com/CA2570B20014D388/page/About+Floriade?OpenDocument&1=010-About+Floriade~&2=~&3=~]


[[Image:Floriade canberra.jpg|thumb|left|Floriade in 2005]]
Floriade has also held a [[gnome]] decorating competition and display for several years, with strong participation from schools, aged people's homes, and businesses. The 2005 theme of [[Rock 'n Roll]] only accentuated the regular theme of decorating gnomes as the members of bands. Examples shown below are the Australian children's entertainers, [[The Wiggles]], in this case renamed The Gniggles, and the crowd favorite, [[Kiss (band)|KISS]] submitted by [[Weetangera, Australian Capital Territory|Weetangera Primary School]].
In September 2005 ACT tourism authorities considered legal action over a trademark violation with [[Hunter Valley]] Gardens in [[New South Wales]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200509/s1458009.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311050426/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200509/s1458009.htm|archive-date=11 March 2007|date=12 September 2005|title=Legal row brews over NSW Floriade event|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Commission}}</ref> who had renamed their annual floral festival to ''Floriade Hunter Valley Gardens''. The term Floriade was replaced with ''Festival of Flowers'' in 2006.


==Public art and culture==
<center><gallery>
Floriade gives expression to public art, each year commissioning works which are placed in the Floriade gardens. Some remain beyond the festival. Floriade also showcases musical displays with many live performances, cultural celebrations, artistic displays, entertainment and recreational activities.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.floriadeaustralia.com/CA2570B20014D388/page/About+Floriade?OpenDocument&1=010-About+Floriade~&2=~&3=~|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070430112251/http://www.floriadeaustralia.com/CA2570B20014D388/page/About+Floriade?OpenDocument&1=010-About+Floriade~&2=~&3=~|archive-date=30 April 2007|title=About Floriade}}</ref>

Floriade has also held a [[gnome]] decorating competition and display for several years, with strong participation from schools, aged people's homes, and businesses.

For the first competition in 2000, 5'000 gnomes were mass produced and sold to raise funds for Koomari at a price of $5 each.<ref name="CT_190914"/> The gnome known as ''Stanley Patches'' winning the first competition is stored at the [[Canberra Museum and Gallery]].<ref name="CT_190914">{{cite web |last1=Lindell |first1=Jasper |title=Looking back, perennial Floriade a constant source of Canberra memories |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6382930/perennial-floriade-a-constant-source-of-canberra-memories/ |publisher=[[The Canberra Times]] |access-date=6 January 2022 |language=en-AU |date=14 September 2019}}</ref>

Since 2005 the Floriade Gnome ''Gnoll'' has been managed by the Rotary Club of Canberra East, with proceeds going to local and overseas activities. The 2005 theme of [[Rock 'n Roll]] only accentuated the regular theme of decorating gnomes as the members of bands. Examples shown below are the Australian children's entertainers, [[The Wiggles]], in this case renamed The Gniggles, and the crowd favourite, [[Kiss (band)|KISS]] submitted by [[Weetangera Primary School]].

<gallery class="center">
Image:Floriade_Canberra_gnomes_Wiggles.jpg|The Gniggles
Image:Floriade_Canberra_gnomes_Wiggles.jpg|The Gniggles
Image:Floriade,_Canberra_gnomes_KISS.jpg|KISS
Image:Floriade,_Canberra_gnomes_KISS.jpg|KISS
Image:2013 Floriade - Camouflaged Gnomes (Royal Military College, Duntroon).jpg|Camouflaged Gnomes painted by children of the Preschool at the [[Royal Military College, Duntroon]], 2013
Image:2013 Floriade - Dragon Boat Gnomes.jpg|[[Dragon boat]] gnomes
Image:2013 Floriade Canberra 100th anniversary flower beds.jpg|Canberra 100th Anniversary symbol, 2013
Image:FloriadeWM.jpg|A picture of a sand [[Australian War Memorial]] at Floriade 2007, Canberra.
Image:FloriadeWM.jpg|A picture of a sand [[Australian War Memorial]] at Floriade 2007, Canberra.
Image:Canberra_Zebra_herd.JPG|Zebras (2010): [[Sleep deprived driving|Stopper, Reviver, Survivor]], [[Kevin Wheatley|Dasher]], (named after the "Driver Reviver" stop at the Wheatley stop at [[Lake George (New South Wales)|Lake George]] where they were first installed) and the new baby, [[Lake George, New South Wales|George]].
Image:Canberra_Zebra_herd.JPG|Zebras (2010): [[Sleep deprived driving|Stopper, Reviver, Survivor]], [[Kevin Wheatley|Dasher]], (named after the "Driver Reviver" stop at the Wheatley stop at [[Lake George (New South Wales)|Lake George]] where they were first installed) and the new baby, [[Lake George, New South Wales|George]].
Image:Massed tulips under lights at Canberra Floriade.jpg|Massed tulips at Floriade at night
Image:Citroën 2CV utility truck.jpg|Citroën 2CV utility truck, being used as a garden, 2014
</gallery>


</gallery></center>

</br>


==Floriade themes==
==Floriade themes==
{{col-begin}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* 1988 Floriade (multiculturalism)
{{col-3}}
* 1988 Floriade (no theme)
* 1989 Floriade (insects)
* 1989 Floriade (no theme)
* 1990 Floral garlands, champagne bubbles and floral river
* 1990 Floral garlands, champagne bubbles and floral river
* 1991 Music
* 1991 Music
Line 49: Line 84:
* 1994 Reflections
* 1994 Reflections
* 1995 Carnival of cultures
* 1995 Carnival of cultures
{{col-3}}
* 1996 Floriade celebrates the arts
* 1996 Floriade celebrates the arts
* 1997 Colour by day and night
* 1997 Colour by day and night
Line 58: Line 92:
* 2002 Poetry in flowers
* 2002 Poetry in flowers
* 2003 The heavens in bloom
* 2003 The heavens in bloom
{{col-3}}
* 2004 The wonder of water
* 2004 The wonder of water
* 2005 Rock 'n' roll in bloom
* 2005 Rock 'n' roll in bloom
* 2006 Carnivale - The World on Show
* 2006 Carnivale – The World on Show
* 2007 Aussie icons, myths and legends
* 2007 Aussie icons, myths and legends
* 2008 Films that shaped the nation
* 2008 Films that shaped the nation
Line 67: Line 100:
* 2010 Imagination
* 2010 Imagination
* 2011 A feast for the senses
* 2011 A feast for the senses
* 2012 Style & Design
{{col-end}}
* 2013 Canberra Centenary
* 2014 Embrace Passion
* 2015 [[World War I]] remembrance
* 2016 Life in Bloom
* 2017 Carnival of Cultures
* 2018 Pop Culture
* 2019 World in Bloom
* 2020 Floriade Reimagined (Event not held in Commonwealth Park)
* 2021 Future of Flowers (Event not held in Commonwealth Park)
* 2022 The Sounds of Spring
* 2023 Floral Wonderland
{{div col end}}


== Floriade NightFest ==
== Floriade NightFest ==
From 1989 to the late 90s, "Floriade by Night" featured night time food, lighting displays, stalls and entertainment. It ran over several nights and was free. Night opening returned in 2008, now called NightFest, as a paid ticketed event. It includes live music, comedy and acrobatics performances, shopping, cocktails and movies.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.andrewbarr.com.au/story/floriade-2008-worth-25m-act|title=Floriade 2008 worth $25m to ACT|date=12 January 2009|first=Andrew|last=Barr|author-link=Andrew Barr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911154354/http://www.andrewbarr.com.au/story/floriade-2008-worth-25m-act|archive-date=11 September 2014|url-status=dead|access-date=4 October 2011}}</ref>
It started in 2008, NightFest is a Floriade’s after-dark extravaganza. It includes live music, comedy and acrobatics performances, shopping, cocktails and movies.
http://www.andrewbarr.com.au/story/floriade-2008-worth-25m-act


==Budget, attendance and economic return==
<center><gallery>
It is the largest flower festival in the [[Southern Hemisphere]], with over 300,000 visitors each year. In 2018 over 480,000 attended, and in 2019 there was record attendance of over 507,000, beating the prior 2014 record of nearly 482,000.<ref name="canb-times-attend'19">{{cite news |title=Floriade breaks attendance record |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6456817/floriade-breaks-attendance-record/ |access-date=20 January 2021 |work=The Canberra Times |date=24 October 2019 |language=en-AU}}</ref>

There is no entry fee to the festival.<ref>{{cite web |title=Entry fee donation would boost Floriade |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6172075/entry-fee-donation-would-boost-floriade/ |publisher=[[The Canberra Times]] |access-date=9 January 2022 |language=en-AU |date=17 September 2011 |quote=It's the only flower festival in the world that's free and that might be great for the locals but horticulturally Australia is starting to slip back because there is not a gate}}</ref> The plans to introduce one in 1998<ref>{{cite web |title=Hansard of the Legislative Assembly for the ACT |url=https://www.hansard.act.gov.au/hansard/1998/week06/1814.htm |website=www.hansard.act.gov.au |access-date=9 January 2022 |language=en |date=2 September 1998 |quote=Businesses that have established themselves at significant cost have produced literature in relation to Floriade and committed themselves to business ventures in relation to Floriade on the basis that it was free. Then all of a sudden out of the blue we are informed that there is to be a fee.}}</ref> lead to an outrage and ultimately failed.<ref name="CT_190914"/>

Visitors to Floriade in 2013 spent close to $40&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news|first=Megan|last=Doherty|date=20 December 2013|title=Floriade blooming but needs to boost visitors to ACT|url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/floriade-blooming-but-needs-to-boost-visitors-to-act-20131219-2zoay.html|archive-date=21 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221124944/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/floriade-blooming-but-needs-to-boost-visitors-to-act-20131219-2zoay.html}}</ref> In 2019, when the festival was last held in-person, it brought over $44 million to the ACT economy.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Andrew |title=Government considering Covid options for Floriade |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7351111/government-considering-covid-options-for-floriade/ |publisher=[[The Canberra Times]] |access-date=9 January 2022 |language=en-AU |date=22 July 2021}}</ref>

The 2020 cancellation was said by Chief Minister [[Andrew Barr]] to have cost the local economy A$35-45 million of visitor income..<ref name="cbr-times-cancel'20-cost">{{cite news |last1=Evans |first1=Steve |title=Reimagined Floriade in the blooming pink ahead of city-wide launch |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6892814/reimagined-floriade-in-the-blooming-pink-ahead-of-city-wide-launch/ |access-date=11 April 2021 |work=The Canberra Times |publisher=Australian Community Media |date=24 August 2020 |language=en-AU}}</ref>

<gallery class="center">
Image:Floriade in canberra.JPG|1997
Image:Floriade in canberra.JPG|1997
Image:Floriade2.jpg|2001
Image:Floriade2.jpg|2001
Line 79: Line 132:
Image:Floriade07.jpg|2007
Image:Floriade07.jpg|2007
Image:PopcornFlowers.JPG|2008
Image:PopcornFlowers.JPG|2008
</gallery></center>
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Agriculture|Australia|Gardening}}
*[[Floriade, Netherlands|Floriade]] in the Netherlands
* [[Gardening in Australia]]
*[[Keukenhof]] annual flower festival in the Netherlands
* [[Floriade, Netherlands|Floriade]] in the Netherlands
*[[Spring Festival]]
* [[Keukenhof]] annual flower festival in the Netherlands
* [[Spring (season)#Cultural events|Spring Festival]]
* [[List of festivals in Australia]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.floriadeaustralia.com/ Official Floriade page]
*[http://www.floriadeaustralia.com/ Official Floriade page]
*[http://www.aussiedigest.com/society/floriade-history.php Floriade 2014]


{{coord|35.29|S|149.137|E|type:event_region:AU-ACT|display=title}}
{{coord|35.29|S|149.137|E|type:event_region:AU-ACT|display=title}}


[[Category:Events in Canberra]]
[[Category:Events in Canberra]]
[[Category:Festivals in Australia]]
[[Category:Festivals in Australian Capital Territory]]
[[Category:Recurring events established in 1988]]
[[Category:Recurring events established in 1988]]
[[Category:1988 establishments in Australia]]

[[Category:Annual events in Australia]]
[[de:Floriade (Canberra)]]
[[Category:Flower festivals in Australia]]
[[he:פלוריאדה (קנברה)]]
[[Category:Spring (season) events in Australia]]
[[nl:Floriade (Canberra)]]

Latest revision as of 12:33, 26 July 2024

Floriade
Floriade in 2013
GenreSpring flower show and festival
Date(s)September to October (Spring)
Begins14 September 2024
Ends13 October 2024
FrequencyAnnual
Location(s)Commonwealth Park, Canberra, Australia
Inaugurated1988
Most recent2023
Attendance507,550 (2019: Record)[1]
481,854 (2014: Previous record)[2]
427,768 (2022)[3]
433,000 (2023)
Websitehttps://floriadeaustralia.com/
A glorious and extensive display of tulips is a highlight of Floriade

Floriade is a flower and entertainment festival held annually in Canberra's Commonwealth Park on the shores of Lake Burley Griffin.[4] It features extensive displays of flowering bulbs with integrated sculptures and other artistic features. Floriade comes from the Latin word floriat, which means to design with flowers.

The festival attracts tourists from around Australia and overseas in spring from mid September to mid October each year, and is considered the most important regular event for tourism in the Australian Capital Territory. It is also called "Australia's Celebration of Spring". After some controversy regarding an entry charge, admission to Floriade has been free for a number of years. When the main event at Commonwealth Park was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the plants were instead placed at over 100 separate sites across Canberra in an event dubbed Floriade: Reimagined. A similar flower distribution is planned for 2021 after the event was again cancelled.

History

[edit]

Origin

[edit]

Floriade was the idea of Christiaan Slotemaker de Bruine, Landscape Architect with the Department of Capital Territory in Canberra. He commenced the design in 1986 and based it on the world famous 'Keukenhof' garden in The Netherlands. He orchestrated the construction with Peter Sutton, Holticulturist and Manager of Commonwealth Gardens. He arranged the marketing, sculptures, live music, the purchase of bulbs, entertainment, lifting of bulb quarantine quotas as well as the design. Together with Sutton, they built the design on the site of Commonwealth Park with the help of City Parks staff.

The design concept of the first event was 'multiculturalism of the Nation' and included Dutch and Aboriginal floral layouts. de Bruine obtained sponsorship from the Embassy of the Netherlands and the Bicentennial Authority. Sutton and de Bruine continued their successful partnership for the next two years, 1989 and 1990.

Chronology

[edit]

Floriade started in 1988[5] as a one off celebration of Canberra's 75th birthday and Australia's Bicentenary of European settlement.[6] Due to the success and popularity of the event it has run with a new theme every year, although in 2020 the centralised event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[7]

In 2020 due to the cancellation of the Commonwealth Park event, scheduled for 12 September to 11 October,[1] the one million bulbs and annuals that would typically be on display were distributed over 130 different sites to create a Tulip Trail through Canberra's suburbs and city for Floriade: Reimagined. Around 300,000 of the plants were distributed to community groups and organisations, not-for-profits, sporting clubs, schools and early learning centres, as well as residents’ groups across Canberra.[8]

In 2021 Floriade was again cancelled due to Covid restrictions on 21 August.[9] Flowers that were to be displayed in Commonwealth Park were again distributed around Canberra as they were in 2020.[10]

Name

[edit]

When the first festival was announced in 1987, the word "floriade" was said to mean "to decorate with floral designs".[5] According to a later version, "floriade" comes from a Latin verb form "floreat"[5] which is derived from "floreo" meaning "to be decked or covered with flowers".[5] Thus, "Floriade" means "let it bloom".[5]

Floriade in 2005

In September 2005 ACT tourism authorities considered legal action over a trademark violation with Hunter Valley Gardens in New South Wales,[11] who had renamed their annual floral festival to Floriade Hunter Valley Gardens. The term Floriade was replaced with Festival of Flowers in 2006.

Public art and culture

[edit]

Floriade gives expression to public art, each year commissioning works which are placed in the Floriade gardens. Some remain beyond the festival. Floriade also showcases musical displays with many live performances, cultural celebrations, artistic displays, entertainment and recreational activities.[12]

Floriade has also held a gnome decorating competition and display for several years, with strong participation from schools, aged people's homes, and businesses.

For the first competition in 2000, 5'000 gnomes were mass produced and sold to raise funds for Koomari at a price of $5 each.[5] The gnome known as Stanley Patches winning the first competition is stored at the Canberra Museum and Gallery.[5]

Since 2005 the Floriade Gnome Gnoll has been managed by the Rotary Club of Canberra East, with proceeds going to local and overseas activities. The 2005 theme of Rock 'n Roll only accentuated the regular theme of decorating gnomes as the members of bands. Examples shown below are the Australian children's entertainers, The Wiggles, in this case renamed The Gniggles, and the crowd favourite, KISS submitted by Weetangera Primary School.


Floriade themes

[edit]
  • 1988 Floriade (multiculturalism)
  • 1989 Floriade (insects)
  • 1990 Floral garlands, champagne bubbles and floral river
  • 1991 Music
  • 1992 The art of horticulture
  • 1993 Kites, colour and movement
  • 1994 Reflections
  • 1995 Carnival of cultures
  • 1996 Floriade celebrates the arts
  • 1997 Colour by day and night
  • 1998 Gardens and gourmets
  • 1999 Magic of the gardens
  • 2000 Games in the garden
  • 2001 The Century in bloom (Celebrating Centenary of Federation)
  • 2002 Poetry in flowers
  • 2003 The heavens in bloom
  • 2004 The wonder of water
  • 2005 Rock 'n' roll in bloom
  • 2006 Carnivale – The World on Show
  • 2007 Aussie icons, myths and legends
  • 2008 Films that shaped the nation
  • 2009 Mind, Body and Soul
  • 2010 Imagination
  • 2011 A feast for the senses
  • 2012 Style & Design
  • 2013 Canberra Centenary
  • 2014 Embrace Passion
  • 2015 World War I remembrance
  • 2016 Life in Bloom
  • 2017 Carnival of Cultures
  • 2018 Pop Culture
  • 2019 World in Bloom
  • 2020 Floriade Reimagined (Event not held in Commonwealth Park)
  • 2021 Future of Flowers (Event not held in Commonwealth Park)
  • 2022 The Sounds of Spring
  • 2023 Floral Wonderland

Floriade NightFest

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From 1989 to the late 90s, "Floriade by Night" featured night time food, lighting displays, stalls and entertainment. It ran over several nights and was free. Night opening returned in 2008, now called NightFest, as a paid ticketed event. It includes live music, comedy and acrobatics performances, shopping, cocktails and movies.[13]

Budget, attendance and economic return

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It is the largest flower festival in the Southern Hemisphere, with over 300,000 visitors each year. In 2018 over 480,000 attended, and in 2019 there was record attendance of over 507,000, beating the prior 2014 record of nearly 482,000.[1]

There is no entry fee to the festival.[14] The plans to introduce one in 1998[15] lead to an outrage and ultimately failed.[5]

Visitors to Floriade in 2013 spent close to $40 million.[16] In 2019, when the festival was last held in-person, it brought over $44 million to the ACT economy.[17]

The 2020 cancellation was said by Chief Minister Andrew Barr to have cost the local economy A$35-45 million of visitor income..[18]

  • 1997
    1997
  • 2001
    2001
  • 2007
    2007
  • 2008
    2008

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Floriade breaks attendance record". The Canberra Times. 24 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  2. ^ Kelly, Emma (16 October 2014). "Floriade entices nearly half a million visitors". The Canberra Times. Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014.
  3. ^ "427,000 people visited Floriade in Commonwealth Park, 2023 festival theme announced". Canberra Times. 22 October 2022. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  4. ^ Hitch, Georgia; Pianegonda, Elise (18 September 2016). "Wet weather fails to deter Floriade tourists on opening weekend". ABC News. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Lindell, Jasper (14 September 2019). "Looking back, perennial Floriade a constant source of Canberra memories". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  6. ^ Ja, Crystal (10 September 2010). "Thousands expected at ACT's Floriade". Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014.
  7. ^ Brown, Andrew (1 April 2020). "Floriade 2020 cancelled due to coronavirus pandemic". Canberra Times. Fairfax Media.
  8. ^ "Canberra-wide Tulip Trail leads Floriade: Reimagined". Canberra Weekly. Newstate Media. 10 September 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  9. ^ "NSW records 825 new Covid cases, the worst total of any Australian state since pandemic began". Australian Associated Press. The Guardian. 21 August 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022. ACT reports eight new coronavirus cases and cancels Floriade while Queensland records zero
  10. ^ Lindell, Jasper (21 August 2021). "Canberra lockdown: The bulbs are in but crowds are out as Floriade cancelled for second year running". The Canberra Times. Australian Community Media. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  11. ^ "Legal row brews over NSW Floriade event". Australian Broadcasting Commission. 12 September 2005. Archived from the original on 11 March 2007.
  12. ^ About Floriade, archived from the original on 30 April 2007
  13. ^ Barr, Andrew (12 January 2009). "Floriade 2008 worth $25m to ACT" (Press release). Archived from the original on 11 September 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  14. ^ "Entry fee donation would boost Floriade". The Canberra Times. 17 September 2011. Retrieved 9 January 2022. It's the only flower festival in the world that's free and that might be great for the locals but horticulturally Australia is starting to slip back because there is not a gate
  15. ^ "Hansard of the Legislative Assembly for the ACT". www.hansard.act.gov.au. 2 September 1998. Retrieved 9 January 2022. Businesses that have established themselves at significant cost have produced literature in relation to Floriade and committed themselves to business ventures in relation to Floriade on the basis that it was free. Then all of a sudden out of the blue we are informed that there is to be a fee.
  16. ^ Doherty, Megan (20 December 2013). "Floriade blooming but needs to boost visitors to ACT". Archived from the original on 21 December 2013.
  17. ^ Brown, Andrew (22 July 2021). "Government considering Covid options for Floriade". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  18. ^ Evans, Steve (24 August 2020). "Reimagined Floriade in the blooming pink ahead of city-wide launch". The Canberra Times. Australian Community Media. Retrieved 11 April 2021.
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