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[[File:2009 Hong Kong Derby.JPG|thumb|250px|The start of the 2009 [[Hong Kong Derby]].]]
{{see also|Derby (disambiguation)}}
{{see also|Derby (disambiguation)}}
⚫
[[File:2009 Hong Kong Derby.JPG|thumb|250px|The start of the 2009 [[Hong Kong Derby]].]]
A '''derby''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|uk|ˈ|d|ɑː|b|ɪ}} {{respell|DAH|bee}} or {{IPAc-en|us|ˈ|d|ɜr|b|ɪ}} {{respell|DUR|bee}}) is a type of [[Horse-racing|horse race]], named after the [[Derby Stakes]], still run at [[Epsom Downs Racecourse]] in England.{{sfn|Reeves|1997|loc=[http://books.google.com/books?id=taIfkYgVCWIC&lpg=PA134&pg=PA134#v=onepage&q&f=false p.134]}} That was in turn named after [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby]], who inaugurated the race in 1780.{{sfn|Vesey|2003|loc=[http://books.google.com/books?id=5YiIzxJT5o8C&lpg=RA1-PT110&pg=RA1-PT110#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 135]}} The best-known example in the [[United States]] is the [[Kentucky Derby]].{{sfn|Freeman|1997|loc=[http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=dujiiVP2KJIC&pg=PA68&hl=en&ei=eL9tTPubFY6CvgPVkdz1Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CD4Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 68]}}{{sfn|Schreifer|Sivell|1996|[http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=NhXkvhEQaCQC&lpg=SL11-PA1&pg=SL11-PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false p. K-1]}}
A '''derby''' ({{IPAc-en|uk|ˈ|d|ɑːr|b|i}} {{respell|DAR|bee}}, {{IPAc-en|us|ˈ|d|ɜːr|b|i}} {{respell|DUR|bee}}) is a type of [[Horse-racing|horse race]] named after the [[Derby Stakes]] run at [[Epsom Downs Racecourse]] in England.{{sfn|Reeves|1997|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=taIfkYgVCWIC&pg=PA134 p.134]}} That was in turn named after [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby]], who inaugurated the race in 1780.{{sfn|Vesey|2003|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=5YiIzxJT5o8C&pg=RA1-PT110 p. 135]}} Perhaps the best-known example after the original is the [[Kentucky Derby]] in the [[United States]].{{sfn|Freeman|1997|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dujiiVP2KJIC&pg=PA68 p. 68]}}{{sfn|Schreifer|Sivell|1996|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=NhXkvhEQaCQC&pg=SL11-PA1 p. K-1]}}


Traditionally, the term "derby" is used strictly to refer to races restricted to three-year-olds,{{citation needed|date=August 2010}} as the [[Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing#United Kingdom|English]] and [[United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing|U.S.]] [[Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing|Triple Crown]] races all are. The most notable exceptions to this rule are the [[Hong Kong Derby]] and [[Singapore Derby]], restricted to four-year-old Thoroughbreds, and the Canadian Pacing Derby, an annual [[harness racing|harness race]] for "aged pacers" ([[Standardbred horse|Standardbreds]]) four years old and up.{{citation needed|date=August 2010}}
Traditionally, the term "derby" is used strictly to refer to races restricted to three-year-olds,{{citation needed|date=August 2010}} as the [[Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing#English Triple Crowns|English]] and [[United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing|U.S.]] [[Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing|Triple Crown]] races all are. The most notable exceptions to this rule are the [[Hong Kong Derby]] and [[Singapore Derby]], restricted to four-year-old Thoroughbreds, and the Canadian Pacing Derby, an annual [[harness racing|harness race]] for "aged pacers" ([[Standardbred horse|Standardbreds]]) four years old and up.{{citation needed|date=August 2010}}


In [[Scandinavia]]n harness racing Derby is restricted to four-year-olds. Exception is [[finnhorse|the Finnhorse Derby]], which is restricted to five-year-olds.
In [[Scandinavia]]n harness racing Derby is restricted to four-year-olds. Exception is [[finnhorse|the Finnhorse Derby]], which is restricted to five-year-olds.
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!Name||Place||Distance||Restrictions||First<br>race||Day||Notes
!Name||Place||Distance||Restrictions||First<br>race||Day||Notes
|-
|-
|[[American Derby]]||[[Arlington Park]], [[Arlington Heights, Illinois]], [[United States|USA]]<ref group=t name=Place>Location has varied</ref>||1 3/16 miles<ref group=t name=Distance>Distance has varied</ref>||<!--age-->||1884<ref>Only run once between 1905 and 1925.</ref>||<!--Day traditionally run-->||
|[[American Derby]]||[[Arlington Park]], [[Arlington Heights, Illinois]], [[United States|USA]]<ref group=t name=Place>Location has varied</ref>||{{convert|1+3/16|mi|m|comma=off}}<ref group=t name=Distance>Distance has varied</ref>||<!--age-->||1884<ref>Only run once between 1905 and 1925.</ref>||<!--Day traditionally run-->||
|-
|-
|[[Australian Derby]] (also known as AJC Derby)||[[Randwick Racecourse]], [[Sydney]]||2,400 metres||3 yr olds||1861||Late March or early April||
|[[Australian Derby]] (also known as AJC Derby)||[[Randwick Racecourse]], [[Sydney]]||{{convert|2400|m|mi|comma=off|abbr=off|disp=br()}}||3 yr olds||1861||Late March or early April||
|-
|-
|Bangalore Derby<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/sport/races/article1127352.ece Sun Kingdom wins Bangalore Derby] Retrieved 2011-2-6</ref>||<!--place-->||2,400 metres||4 yr olds & up||<!--Inaugural year-->||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|Bangalore Derby<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/sport/races/article1127352.ece Sun Kingdom wins Bangalore Derby] Retrieved 2011-2-6</ref>||Bangalore Turf Club<!--place-->||2,000 metres||4 yr olds & up||<!--Inaugural year-->||Mid July<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[https://galopbane.dk/derby Danish Derby] (Bet25 Derby, The Macallan Derby)
|[[Epsom Derby]] (also known as ''The Derby'', ''Derby Stakes'' and the ''English Derby'')||[[Epsom Downs Racecourse]], England||1 mile, 4 furlongs and 10 yards||3 yr olds colts and fillies||1780||1st Saturday in June<ref group=t>Before 1995, 1st Wednesday in June</ref>||<!--notes-->
|[[Klampenborg Racecourse|Klampenborg Galopbane]]
|2400 metres
|3 yr olds
|1910
|1st Saturday in August
|
|-
|-
|[[French Derby]] (more often known as ''Prix du Jockey Club'')||[[Chantilly Racecourse]]||2,100 metres (about 1 mile and 2½ furlongs)||3 yr olds colts and fillies||1836||Early June||<!--notes-->
|[[Epsom Derby]] (also known as ''The Derby'', ''Derby Stakes'' and the ''English Derby'')||[[Epsom Downs Racecourse]], England||1 mile, 4 [[furlong]]s and 10 yards<br />({{convert|1|mi|{{convert|4|furlong|ch|disp=output number only}}|ch|10|yd|m|comma=off|disp=out|abbr=off}})||3 yr olds colts and fillies||1780||1st Saturday in June<ref group=t>Before 1995, 1st Wednesday in June</ref>||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[German Derby]]||[[Horner Rennbahn]], [[Hamburg]]||2,400 metres (about 1½ miles)|| 3 yr olds colts and fillies ||1869 ||Early July||<!--notes-->
|[[French Derby]] (more often known as ''Prix du Jockey Club'')||[[Chantilly Racecourse]]||{{convert|2100|m|mi furlong|2|comma=off|disp=br()}}||3 yr olds colts and fillies||1836||Early June||<!--notes-->
|-
|[[German Derby]] (''Deutsches Derby'')||[[Horner Rennbahn]], [[Hamburg]]||{{convert|2400|m|mi|abbr=off}}|| 3 yr olds colts and fillies ||1869 ||Early July||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Hong Kong Derby]]||[[Sha Tin Racecourse]] || 2,000 metres|| 4 yr olds ||1873|| mid March||<!--notes-->
|[[Hong Kong Derby]]||[[Sha Tin Racecourse]] || 2,000 metres|| 4 yr olds ||1873|| mid March||<!--notes-->
|-
|[[Hungarian Derby]] (''Magyar Derby'')||[[Kincsem Park]], [[Budapest]] || 2,400 metres|| 3 yr olds ||1921|| Early July||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Italian Derby]] (''Derby Italiano'')||Capannelle Racecourse||2200||<!--age-->||1884||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|[[Italian Derby]] (''Derby Italiano'')||Capannelle Racecourse||2200||<!--age-->||1884||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Indian Derby]]||[[Kolkata Race Course|Kolkata Racecourse]], [[Kolkata]]||metres||<!--age-->||<!--Inaugural year-->||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|[[Indian Derby]]||[[Mahalaxmi Racecourse]], [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]||2,400 metres||4 yr olds<!--age-->||1943||1st Sunday in Feb.<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Irish Derby]] || [[Curragh Racecourse|The Curragh]], [[County Kildare]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] || 1½ miles || 3 yr olds || 1866 || Last Sunday in June<ref group=t>Current race date. Dates have varied over time, but have always been in late June or early July.</ref> ||<!--notes-->
|[[Irish Derby]] || [[Curragh Racecourse|The Curragh]], [[County Kildare]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] || {{convert|1+1/2|mi|km}} || 3 yr olds || 1866 || Last Sunday in June<ref group=t>Current race date. Dates have varied over time, but have always been in late June or early July.</ref> ||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Kentucky Derby]] || [[Churchill Downs]], [[Louisville, Kentucky]], [[United States|USA]] || 1¼ miles || 3 yr olds || 1875 ||1st Saturday in May || <!--notes-->
|[[Kentucky Derby]] || [[Churchill Downs]], [[Louisville, Kentucky]], [[United States|USA]] || {{convert|1+1/4|mi|km|0}} || 3 yr olds || 1875 ||1st Saturday in May || <!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[New Zealand Derby]]||[[Ellerslie Racecourse]], [[Auckland]]||2,400 metres (12 furlongs)||3yr olds||1860||1st Saturday in March||The richest Derby in the Southern Hemisphere
|[[New Zealand Derby]]||[[Ellerslie Racecourse]], [[Auckland]]||{{convert|2400|m|mi furlong|comma=off|disp=br()}}||3yr olds||1860||1st Saturday in March||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Queensland Derby]]||<!--place-->||<!--Distance-->||<!--age-->||<!--Inaugural year-->||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|[[Queensland Derby]]||Eagle Farm Racecourse, Brisbane||{{convert|2400|m|mi furlong|comma=off|disp=br()}}||3yr olds||1868||June||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[Singapore Derby]]|| [[Kranji Racecourse]]|| 2,000 metres || 4 yr olds ||1880|| Mid July ||<!--notes-->
|[[Singapore Derby]]|| [[Kranji Racecourse]]|| 1,800 metres || 4 yr olds ||1880|| Mid July || Final one to be run in 2024<!--notes-->
|-
|-
| [[Swedish Trotting Derby]] (''Svenskt Travderby'')||Jägersro Racetrack, [[Malmö]]||2,640 metres (1,64 miles)||4yr olds||1928||1st Sunday in September||
|[[Swedish Trotting Derby]] (''Svenskt Travderby'')||[[Jägersro]] Racetrack, [[Malmö]]||{{convert|2640|m|mi furlong|2|comma=off}}||4yr olds||1928||1st Sunday in September||
|-
|-
|[[Tokyo Yushun]]<br/ > Japanese Derby|| [[Tokyo Racecourse]]|| 2,400 metres ||3 yr olds colts and fillies||1932|| late May or Early June || The richest Derby in current date
|[[Tokyo Yushun]]<br/ > Japanese Derby|| [[Tokyo Racecourse]]|| 2,400 metres ||3 yr olds colts and fillies||1932|| late May or Early June || Currently the richest Derby.
|-
|-
|[[Victoria Derby]]|| [[Flemington Racecourse]]|| 2,500 metres ||3 yr olds||<!--Inaugural year-->||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|[[Victoria Derby]]|| [[Flemington Racecourse]]|| 2,500 metres ||3 yr olds||1855||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
|[[WATC Derby]]||<!--place-->||<!--Distance-->||<!--age-->||<!--Inaugural year-->||<!--Day traditionally run-->||<!--notes-->
|[[WATC Derby]]||[[Ascot Racecourse (Western Australia)|Ascot Racecourse, Perth]]||2,400 metres||3yr olds||1888||New Years Day or nearby Saturday||<!--notes-->
|-
|-
| colspan="7"|Footnotes:{{reflist|3|group=t}}
| colspan="7"|Notes:{{reflist|3|group=t}}
|}
|}


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|publisher=Oxford University Press US |isbn=0-19-509354-2}}
|publisher=Oxford University Press US |isbn=0-19-509354-2}}
*{{citation |last=Reeves |first=Richard Stone |year=1997 |title=Crown jewels of thoroughbred racing: original paintings|edition=Illustrated |publisher=Eclipse Press |isbn=0-939049-90-2}}
*{{citation |last=Reeves |first=Richard Stone |year=1997 |title=Crown jewels of thoroughbred racing: original paintings|edition=Illustrated |publisher=Eclipse Press |isbn=0-939049-90-2}}
*{{citation |last=Schreifer |first=Kirk |last2=Sivell |first2=John |year=1996 |title=America From Apple Pie To Ziegfeld Follies Book One: People |volume= 1 |edition=Illustrated |publisher=Full Blast Productions |isbn=1-895451-17-5}}
*{{citation |last1=Schreifer |first1=Kirk |last2=Sivell |first2=John |year=1996 |title=America From Apple Pie To Ziegfeld Follies Book One: People |volume= 1 |edition=Illustrated |publisher=Full Blast Productions |isbn=1-895451-17-5}}
*{{citation|last=Vesey |first=Barbara |year=2003 |title=The Hidden Places of East Anglia: Including Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire|publisher=Travel Publishing|edition=7|isbn=1-902007-91-3}}
*{{citation|last=Vesey |first=Barbara |year=2003 |title=The Hidden Places of East Anglia: Including Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire|publisher=Travel Publishing|edition=7|isbn=1-902007-91-3}}


{{Set index article|sports}}
{{SIA}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Derby (Horse Race)}}
⚫
[[Category:Horse races]]


⚫
[[Category:Horse races in Great Britain]]
[[cs:Derby (dostihy)]]
[[Category:High society (social class)]]
[[de:Derby (Pferdesport)]]
[[es:Derbi (hípica)]]
[[eo:Derbio]]
[[he:דרבי (סוסים)]]
[[ja:ダービー (競馬)]]
[[nl:Derby (paardenrace)]]
[[pt:Derby (turfe)]]
[[ru:Дерби (конный спорт)]]
[[simple:Derby (horse race)]]
[[fi:Derby (hevoskilpailu)]]
[[sv:Derby (hästsport)]]
[[zh:打吡 (賽馬)]]

Latest revision as of 08:08, 23 July 2024

See also: Derby (disambiguation)
The start of the 2009 Hong Kong Derby.

A derby (UK: /ˈdɑːrbi/ DAR-bee, US: /ˈdɜːrbi/ DUR-bee) is a type of horse race named after the Derby Stakes run at Epsom Downs Racecourse in England.[1] That was in turn named after Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby, who inaugurated the race in 1780.[2] Perhaps the best-known example after the original is the Kentucky Derby in the United States.[3][4]

Traditionally, the term "derby" is used strictly to refer to races restricted to three-year-olds,[citation needed] as the English and U.S. Triple Crown races all are. The most notable exceptions to this rule are the Hong Kong Derby and Singapore Derby, restricted to four-year-old Thoroughbreds, and the Canadian Pacing Derby, an annual harness race for "aged pacers" (Standardbreds) four years old and up.[citation needed]

In Scandinavian harness racing Derby is restricted to four-year-olds. Exception is the Finnhorse Derby, which is restricted to five-year-olds.

Name Place Distance Restrictions First
race		 Day Notes
American Derby Arlington Park, Arlington Heights, Illinois, USA[t 1] 1+3⁄16 miles (1900 m)[t 2] 1884[5]
Australian Derby (also known as AJC Derby) Randwick Racecourse, Sydney 2400 metres
(1.5 miles)		 3 yr olds 1861 Late March or early April
Bangalore Derby[6] Bangalore Turf Club 2,000 metres 4 yr olds & up Mid July
Danish Derby (Bet25 Derby, The Macallan Derby) Klampenborg Galopbane 2400 metres 3 yr olds 1910 1st Saturday in August
Epsom Derby (also known as The Derby, Derby Stakes and the English Derby) Epsom Downs Racecourse, England 1 mile, 4 furlongs and 10 yards
(2423 metres)		 3 yr olds colts and fillies 1780 1st Saturday in June[t 3]
French Derby (more often known as Prix du Jockey Club) Chantilly Racecourse 2100 metres
(1.30 miles; 10.44 furlongs)		 3 yr olds colts and fillies 1836 Early June
German Derby (Deutsches Derby) Horner Rennbahn, Hamburg 2,400 metres (1.5 miles) 3 yr olds colts and fillies 1869 Early July
Hong Kong Derby Sha Tin Racecourse 2,000 metres 4 yr olds 1873 mid March
Hungarian Derby (Magyar Derby) Kincsem Park, Budapest 2,400 metres 3 yr olds 1921 Early July
Italian Derby (Derby Italiano) Capannelle Racecourse 2200 1884
Indian Derby Mahalaxmi Racecourse, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 2,400 metres 4 yr olds 1943 1st Sunday in Feb.
Irish Derby The Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) 3 yr olds 1866 Last Sunday in June[t 4]
Kentucky Derby Churchill Downs, Louisville, Kentucky, USA 1+1⁄4 miles (2 km) 3 yr olds 1875 1st Saturday in May
New Zealand Derby Ellerslie Racecourse, Auckland 2400 metres
(1.5 miles; 12 furlongs)		 3yr olds 1860 1st Saturday in March
Queensland Derby Eagle Farm Racecourse, Brisbane 2400 metres
(1.5 miles; 12 furlongs)		 3yr olds 1868 June
Singapore Derby Kranji Racecourse 1,800 metres 4 yr olds 1880 Mid July Final one to be run in 2024
Swedish Trotting Derby (Svenskt Travderby) Jägersro Racetrack, Malmö 2640 metres (1.64 mi; 13.12 furlongs) 4yr olds 1928 1st Sunday in September
Tokyo Yushun
Japanese Derby		 Tokyo Racecourse 2,400 metres 3 yr olds colts and fillies 1932 late May or Early June Currently the richest Derby.
Victoria Derby Flemington Racecourse 2,500 metres 3 yr olds 1855
WATC Derby Ascot Racecourse, Perth 2,400 metres 3yr olds 1888 New Years Day or nearby Saturday
Notes:
  1. ^ Location has varied
  2. ^ Distance has varied
  3. ^ Before 1995, 1st Wednesday in June
  4. ^ Current race date. Dates have varied over time, but have always been in late June or early July.
Other

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Reeves 1997, p.134.
  2. ^ Vesey 2003, p. 135.
  3. ^ Freeman 1997, p. 68.
  4. ^ Schreifer & Sivell 1996, p. K-1.
  5. ^ Only run once between 1905 and 1925.
  6. ^ Sun Kingdom wins Bangalore Derby Retrieved 2011-2-6

References

[edit]
  • Ashok, Kalyan (11 July 2010), "Derby getting bigger and better", The Hindu
  • Freeman, Morton S. (1997), A new dictionary of eponyms (Illustrated ed.), Oxford University Press US, ISBN 0-19-509354-2
  • Reeves, Richard Stone (1997), Crown jewels of thoroughbred racing: original paintings (Illustrated ed.), Eclipse Press, ISBN 0-939049-90-2
  • Schreifer, Kirk; Sivell, John (1996), America From Apple Pie To Ziegfeld Follies Book One: People, vol. 1 (Illustrated ed.), Full Blast Productions, ISBN 1-895451-17-5
  • Vesey, Barbara (2003), The Hidden Places of East Anglia: Including Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Cambridgeshire (7 ed.), Travel Publishing, ISBN 1-902007-91-3
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