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Coordinates: 52°29′N 13°27′E / 52.483°N 13.450°E / 52.483; 13.450
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{{About|the administrative borough of Berlin|the borough's quarter|Neukölln (locality)|the constituency|Berlin-Neukölln (electoral district)|the railway and U-Bahn station|Berlin-Neukölln station|Neu-Cölln, the historical district of Berlin|Cölln|the David Bowie instrumental work|Neuköln|the neighborhood Neuköln in North Rhine-Westphalia|Oberhausen|the mine Neu-Cöln|Borbeck-Mitte}}
'''Neukölln''' is a [[Boroughs of Berlin|borough]] of [[Berlin]]. It encompasses an area of 44.93 km² and has, as of [[2003]], about 307,400 inhabitants.
{{Short description|Borough of Berlin, Germany}}
Its current mayor is Heinz Buschkowsky ([[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]).
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox German location
|borough =
|image_caption =
|year =
|name = Neukölln
|name_local =
|image_photo =
|type = Borough
|City = Berlin
|image_flag = Flagge Bezirk Neukölln.svg
|image_coa = Coat of arms of borough Neukoelln.svg
|coordinates = {{coord|52|29|N|13|27|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|state = Berlin
|district =
|divisions = 5 localities
|Bürgermeistertitel = [[Mayor|Borough Mayor]]
|mayor = Martin Hikel
|party = SPD
|elevation =
|area = 44.93
|pop_ref = <ref>{{Population Germany|key=11|datref=QUELLE}}</ref>
|population = {{Population Germany|key=1108}}
|population_as_of = {{Population Germany|key=11|datref=STAND}}
|postal_code =
|area_code =
|licence = B
|plantext = Location of Neukölln in Berlin
|image_plan = Berlin Bezirk Neukölln (labeled).svg
|website = [http://www.berlin.de/ba-neukoelln/index.html Official homepage]
}}
'''Neukölln'''<ref>Translated "New [[Cölln]]", and etymologically "New Colony" from lat. ''[nova] colonia''.</ref> ({{IPA|de|nɔʏˈkœln|lang|De-Neukölln.ogg}}) is one of the twelve [[boroughs of Berlin]], Germany. It is located south of Berlin's centre and stretches southeastwards to the city boundary, encompassing the localities of Neukölln, Britz, Buckow, Rudow and Gropiusstadt.


Neukölln borough was part of the American sector during the Four-Power occupation of the city. It is characterised by having one of the highest percentages of [[Immigration to Germany|immigrant]] residents in Berlin. An influx of students and artists since the mid-2000s has led to [[gentrification]].<ref name=gent/>
When it was first mentioned in [[1360]] the village was called ''Richardsdorf'' and owned by the [[Order of St. John]]. Hence the coat of arms of the current city borough bears the [[Maltese cross]].


==History==
In [[1737]] [[Frederick William I of Prussia]] let [[Moravians (religion)|Moravians]] from [[Bohemia]] settle in the area, then called ''Rixdorf''. They built their own church and houses off the village centre along the road to Berlin, today called ''Richardstrasse''. The new bohemian village was granted its own constitution in [[1797]].
{{stack|[[File:Richardplatz1.JPG|thumb|Richardplatz]]}}
The Berlin district of Neukölln has a long and varied history that reflects the city's changing political and cultural landscape.


Located in the south of the city, Neukölln was originally a small village on the outskirts of Berlin. Neukölln's independence ended on 1 October 1920 when it was [[Greater Berlin Act|incorporated into Berlin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unvollendete-metropole.de/en/1920-a-crisis-year/|title=1920: A Crisis Year|publisher=Unvollendete Metropole|language=English|accessdate=7 September 2021}}</ref> During the [[German revolution]] it was the centre of a soldier and worker's council which controlled all local government departments, abolished the municipal authorities, took over the banks and declared housing to be communal property.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gluckstein |first=Donny |date=1985 |title=Western soviets |publisher=Bookmarks Publishing Co-operative |page=133}}</ref>
When both parts of the village were reunited in [[1874]] the place had 8,000 inhabitants, growing to 15,000 the next year.


In September 1929, Goebbels led [[Nazi Party|his men]] into Neukölln, a [[KPD]] stronghold, and the two warring parties exchanged [[pistol]] and [[revolver]] fire. During [[World War II]], Neukölln was the location of a subcamp of the [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp]] for Jewish and Romani women.<ref>{{cite book|last=Megargee|first=Geoffrey P.|year=2009|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|page=1279|isbn=978-0-253-35328-3}}</ref>
On [[May 1]] [[1899]] the area, then the largest village of [[Prussia]], became an independent city and acquired its current name in [[1912]]. Its independence ended in [[1920]] when it was made part of Greater Berlin. From [[1966]] to [[1975]] the "Gropiusstadt" was built, a "Trabantenstadt" or city-within-a-city, designed by architect [[Walter Gropius]]. Comparable in concept to [[La Defense]] in [[Paris]], it has over 60,000 habitants.


After World War II, Neukölln underwent significant transformation as a result of the city's division by the Berlin Wall. The neighborhood was located in West Berlin and became a center of industry and commerce, with many factories and warehouses.
"[[Neuköln]]" (deliberately spelt with one 'l') is also an instrumental piece by [[David Bowie]], the ninth track on his [[1977]] album ''[["Heroes"]]''. Also, the last track of [[Miss Kittin]]'s first solo album "[[I Com]]" is called "[[Neukölln 2]]".
From 1966 to 1975 the [[Gropiusstadt]] was built, a "Trabantenstadt" or city-within-a-city [[housing estate]], designed by architect [[Walter Gropius]]. In the 1980s and 1990s, Neukölln underwent a process of gentrification, with many artists, students, and young professionals moving into the area. In recent years, Neukölln has become known for its diverse and vibrant cultural scene, with a mix of traditional and alternative businesses and a thriving arts and music scene.

Today, Neukölln is a popular destination for tourists and locals alike, with a diverse array of restaurants, cafes, and shops, as well as a number of cultural attractions and events. Despite its gentrification, Neukölln remains a working-class neighborhood with a diverse and multicultural population.

==Locality subdivisions==
{{multiple image|total_width=400
| image1 = Berlin Hufeisensiedlung UAV 04-2017.jpg|caption1=[[Hufeisensiedlung]], 2017
| image2 = IBritzer Garten denis apel.JPG|caption2=[[Britzer Garten]] in Neukölln's South
}}
Neukölln is subdivided into five localities:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Locality<br />
!Area <br />(km<sup>2</sup>)<br />
!Inhabitants<br />
!Density<br />(Inhabitants/km<sup>2</sup>)<br />
|-
| 0801 [[Neukölln (locality)|Neukölln]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 11.71
| style="text-align:center;"| 155,950
| style="text-align:center;"| 13,318
|-
| 0802 [[Britz]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 12.40
| style="text-align:center;"| 39,029
| style="text-align:center;"| 3,148
|-
| 0803 [[Buckow (Berlin)|Buckow]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 6.35
| style="text-align:center;"| 38,219
| style="text-align:center;"| 6,019
|-
| 0804 [[Rudow]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 11.81
| style="text-align:center;"| 40,733
| style="text-align:center;"| 3,449
|-
| 0805 [[Gropiusstadt]]<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 2.67
| style="text-align:center;"| 35,751
| style="text-align:center;"| 13,390
|}

[[File:Berlin Neukölln.svg|Subdivisions of Neukölln]]

==Public transport==
[[File:S-Bahn U-Bahn Berlin Neukölln.JPG|thumb|right|200px|[[Berlin-Neukölln station]]]]
[[File:Berlin-Neukölln-district court.JPG|thumb|200px|left|County-Court Building of Neukölln, near the [[Rathaus Neukölln (Berlin U-Bahn)|Rathaus Neukölln]] [[Berlin U-Bahn|U-Bahn]] station]]
[[File:Berlin Neukoelln Hermannplatz asv2021-03 img1.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Hermannplatz]]

Neukölln is served by three operational sections of urban rail.

[[Berlin U-Bahn|U-Bahn]]:

*[[U7 (Berlin)|U7]]: [[Rathaus Spandau (Berlin U-Bahn)|Rathaus Spandau]] ↔ [[Rudow (Berlin U-Bahn)|Rudow]] (running northwest–southeast)
*[[U8 (Berlin)|U8]]: [[Berlin-Wittenau station|Wittenau]] ↔ [[Berlin Hermannstraße station|Hermannstraße]] (running north–south)

Part of each of the following [[Berlin S-Bahn|S-Bahn]] routes share an east–west-running section of [[Berlin Ringbahn|Ringbahn]] track through Neukölln:

*[[S41 (Berlin)|S41]]<ref name=s41>[http://www.s-bahn-berlin.de/fahrplanundnetz/linie/S41/5 S41 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018]</ref>/[[S42 (Berlin)|S42]]:<ref name=s42>[http://www.s-bahn-berlin.de/fahrplanundnetz/linie/S42/6 S42 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018]</ref> [[Berlin Südkreuz|Südkreuz]] → [[Berlin-Gesundbrunnen station|Gesundbrunnen]] → Südkreuz (clockwise ↔ anti clockwise circular)
*[[S45 (Berlin)|S45]]:<ref name=s45>[http://www.s-bahn-berlin.de/fahrplanundnetz/linie/S45/17 S45 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 91 march 2018]</ref> [[Berlin Südkreuz station|Südkreuz]] ↔ [[Berlin Schönefeld Flughafen station|Berlin Schönefeld Flughafen]] (only from Monday till Friday). An extension of the S45 is projected to run beyond the current terminus at Schönefeld Airport to the under construction [[Berlin Brandenburg Airport]].<ref>[http://www.travelweekly.com/Europe-Travel/Insights/2020-vision-for-Berlins-long-overdue-Brandenburg-Airport "2020 vision for Berlin's long-overdue Brandenburg Airport" Travel weekly, 9 January 2018]</ref>
*[[S46 (Berlin)|S46]]:<ref name=s46>[http://www.s-bahn-berlin.de/fahrplanundnetz/linie/S46/7 S45 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018]</ref> [[Berlin-Westend station|Westend]] ↔ [[Königs Wusterhausen station|Königs Wusterhausen]]
*[[S47 (Berlin)|S47]]:<ref name=S47>[http://www.s-bahn-berlin.de/fahrplanundnetz/linie/S47/9 S47 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018]</ref> [[Berlin-Spindlersfeld station|Spindlersfeld]] ↔ [[Berlin Hermannstraße station|Hermannstraße]]

Among the numerous rail stations in Neukölln three act as interchanges:

* [[Hermannplatz (Berlin U-Bahn)|Hermannplatz]] - U7 / U8
* Hermannstraße - U8 / S-Bahn
* [[Berlin-Neukölln station|Berlin-Neukölln]] - U7 / S-bahn

==Demographics==
As of 2010, the borough had a population of 310,283, of whom 121,000 (38.9%) were of non-German ethnicity. The percentage is significantly higher in the locality of the same name, [[Neukölln (locality)|Neukölln]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/Publikationen/Stat_Berichte/2011/SB_A1-5_hj02-10_BE.pdf|title = Seite wird geladen}}</ref> The borough is known for its large [[Turks in Germany|Turkish]], [[Arabs in Germany|Arab]] and [[Kurds in Germany|Kurdish]] communities, which together make up roughly 18% of the borough's population. Recently,{{when|date=November 2017}} there has been an influx of [[Romani people in Germany|Romani people]] and [[Sub-Saharan Africans]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.welt.de/die-welt/politik/article9920445/Die-Roma-von-Berlin-Neukoelln.html|title = Die Roma von Berlin-Neukölln|newspaper = Die Welt|date = 28 September 2010|last1 = Peters|first1 = Freia}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|- class="hintergrundfarbe6"
!colspan=2| Population by migration background<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/Publikationen/Stat_Berichte/201gnm1/SB_A1-5_hj02-10_BE.pdf |title=Seite wird geladen |website=www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de |access-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830220409/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/Publikationen/Stat_Berichte/201gnm1/SB_A1-5_hj02-10_BE.pdf |archive-date=30 August 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| class="hintergrundfarbe5" | [[Ethnic Germans]] || class="hintergrundfarbe5" style="text-align:right;"| 60% (189,000)
|-
| Middle Eastern origin || style="text-align:right;"| 18% (55,000)
|-
| non-German European origin || style="text-align:right;"| 11% (33,000)
|-
| [[Afro-Germans]] || style="text-align:right;"| 4% (12,400)
|-
| Others (East Asians, Americans, etc.) || style="text-align:right;"| 6.5% (21,000)
|}

===Gentrification===
A trend is the rapid [[gentrification]] of certain neighbourhoods within the borough. There has been an influx of students, [[Creative class|creatives]] and other young professionals of mostly [[Western culture|Western]] origin avoiding higher rents which are charged in other parts of Berlin. This has caused a knock-on effect, with rents rising in some parts of Neukölln.<ref name=gent>{{Cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/neukoelln-nasties-foreigners-feel-accused-in-berlin-gentrification-row-a-750297.html|title = Neukölln Nasties: Foreigners Feel Accused in Berlin Gentrification Row|newspaper = Der Spiegel|date = 11 March 2011|last1 = Mendoza|first1 = Moises}}</ref> Northern Neukölln, just to the south of the [[Kreuzberg]] area, has become informally referred to as "Kreuzkölln" as the area becomes increasingly fashionable.<ref name=tages>[https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/namen-fuer-berliner-kieze-sagt-endlich-kreuzkoelln/13422316.html "Sagt endlich Kreuzkölln!" 12 April 2016 Der Tagesspiegel]</ref>

==Politics==
===District council===
The governing body of Neukölln is the district council (''Bezirksverordnetenversammlung''). It has responsibility for passing laws and electing the city government, including the mayor. The most recent district council election was held on 26 September 2021, and the results were as follows:

{{election table}}
! colspan=2| Party
! Lead candidate
! Votes
! %
! +/-
! Seats
! +/-
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] (SPD)
| align=left| Martin Hikel
| 41,104
| 28.7
| {{decrease}} 1.7
| 18
| {{decrease}} 1
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}|
| align=left| [[Alliance 90/The Greens]] (Grüne)
| align=left| Susann Worschech
| 25,238
| 17.6
| {{increase}} 2.7
| 11
| {{increase}} 2
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Christian Democratic Union of Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]] (CDU)
| align=left| Falko Liecke
| 24,191
| 16.9
| {{increase}} 0.6
| 10
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|The Left (Germany)}}|
| align=left| [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]] (LINKE)
| align=left| Sarah Nagel
| 21,525
| 15.0
| {{increase}} 2.8
| 9
| {{increase}} 2
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Alternative for Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Alternative for Germany]] (AfD)
| align=left| Julian Potthast
| 10,125
| 7.1
| {{decrease}} 5.7
| 4
| {{decrease}} 4
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Free Democratic Party (Germany)}}|
| align=left| [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]] (FDP)
| align=left| Roland Leppek
| 6,971
| 4.9
| {{increase}} 0.6
| 3
| {{increase}} 1
|-
| colspan=8 bgcolor=lightgrey|
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Human Environment Animal Protection}}|
| align=left| [[Human Environment Animal Protection|Tierschutzpartei]]
| align=left|
| 4,101
| 2.9
| {{increase}} 0.7
| 0
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Die PARTEI}}|
| align=left| [[Die PARTEI]]
| align=left|
| 2,909
| 2.0
| {{decrease}} 0.4
| 0
| ±0
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany|dieBasis]]
| align=left|
| 1,787
| 1.2
| New
| 0
| New
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Klimaliste}}|
| align=left| [[Klimaliste]]
| align=left|
| 1,451
| 1.0
| New
| 0
| New
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Volt Germany}}|
| align=left| [[Volt Germany]]
| align=left|
| 1,431
| 1.0
| New
| 0
| New
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Free Voters}}|
| align=left| [[Free Voters]]
| align=left|
| 1,061
| 0.7
| New
| 0
| New
|-
|
| align=left| We are Berlin
| align=left|
| 843
| 0.6
| New
| 0
| New
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Ecological Democratic Party}}|
| align=left| [[Ecological Democratic Party]]
| align=left|
| 235
| 0.2
| New
| 0
| New
|-
| bgcolor={{party color|Liberal Conservative Reformers}}|
| align=left| [[Liberal Conservative Reformers]]
| align=left|
| 192
| 0.1
| New
| 0
| New
|-
! colspan=3| Valid votes
! 143,164
! 98.9
!
!
!
|-
! colspan=3| Invalid votes
! 1,655
! 1.1
!
!
!
|-
! colspan=3| Total
! 144,819
! 100.0
!
! 55
! ±0
|-
! colspan=3| Electorate/voter turnout
! 225,767
! 64.1
! {{increase}} 6.5
!
!
|-
| colspan=8| Source: [https://www.wahlen-berlin.de/wahlen/BE2021/AFSPRAES/bvv/ergebnisse_bezirk_08.html Elections Berlin]
|}

===District government===
The district mayor (''Bezirksbürgermeister'') is elected by the Bezirksverordnetenversammlung, and positions in the district government (Bezirksamt) are apportioned based on party strength. Martin Hikel of the SPD was elected mayor on 21 March 2018. Since the 2021 municipal elections, the composition of the district government is as follows:

{| class=wikitable style="font-size:90%; text-align:center"
! Councillor
! colspan=2| Party
! Portfolio
|-
| Martin Hikel
| bgcolor={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]
| District Mayor<br />Civil Service and Logistics
|-
| Jochen Biedermann
| bgcolor={{party color|Alliance 90/The Greens}}|
| [[Alliance 90/The Greens|GRÜNE]]
| Deputy Mayor<br />Urban Development, Environment and Traffic
|-
| Falko Liecke
| bgcolor={{party color|Christian Democratic Union of Germany}}|
| [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|CDU]]
| Social Affairs
|-
| Karin Korte
| bgcolor={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]
| Education, Culture and Sport
|-
| Mirjam Blumenthal
| bgcolor={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}}|
| [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]]
| Youth and Health
|-
| Sarah Nagel
| bgcolor={{party color|The Left (Germany)}}|
| [[The Left (Germany)|LINKE]]
| Public Order
|-
| colspan=4 align=right| Source: [https://www.berlin.de/ba-neukoelln/politik-und-verwaltung/bezirksamt/ Berlin.de]
|}

==Notable people==
[[File:Leo Arons.jpg|thumb|150px|Leo Arons around 1901]]
[[File:Gedenktafel Ursula Goetze (1987).jpg|thumb|200px|Memorial plate Ursula Goetze (1987)]]
[[File:2007-05-24 Alexander Hacke live.jpg|thumb|150px|Alexander Hacke performing on 5 May 2007]]

*[[Edgar Froese]] (1944–2015), musician, founder of the electronic music group [[Tangerine Dream]]
*[[Leo Arons]] (1860–1919), physicist, social democrat and supporter of the trade union movement
*[[Sebastian Blomberg]] (born 1972), actor
*[[Horst Buchholz]] (1933–2003), actor
*[[Heinz Buschkowsky]] (born 1948), politician (SPD), former district mayor of Neukölln
*[[Christiane F.]] (born 1962), author of the book ''[[Wir Kinder vom Bahnhof Zoo]]''
*[[Ursula Goetze]], anti-Nazi activist (1916–1943)
*[[Alexander Hacke]], musician, born 1965 in Neukölln
*[[Kirsten Heisig]] (1961–2010), juvenile magistrate in Neukölln, created the ''Neuköllner Modell'', applying rapid intervention procedures to deal with juvenile offenders before they embarked on a criminal lifestyle
*[[Kurt Krömer]] (born 1974), presenter, actor and entertainer
*[[Jutta Limbach]] (1934–2016), [[Law|legal academic]]
*[[Will Meisel]] (1897–1967), composer and publisher
*[[Inge Meysel]] (1910–2004), actress
*[[Gunnar Möller]] (1928–2017), actor
*[[Mady Rahl]] (1915–2009), actress
*[[Antonio Rüdiger]] (born 1993), footballer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/forza-roma/antonio-rudiger-this-is-the-story-of-my-life-a733366bfab3|title=Antonio Rudiger: This is the story of my life|last=Roma|first=A. S.|date=2016-06-09|website=forza roma|access-date=2017-07-17}}</ref>
*[[Werner Seelenbinder]] (1904–1944), wrestler, politician (KPD) and resistance fighter
*[[Katharina Szelinski-Singer]] (1918–2010), sculptor
*[[Elsa Thiemann]] (1910–1981), [[Bauhaus]] educated photographer, who took many photographs of Neukölln where she lived
*[[Lotte Ulbricht]] (1903–2002), wife of [[German Democratic Republic|East German]] leader [[Walter Ulbricht]]
*[[Emil Wutzky]] (1871–1963), trade unionist and local politician (SPD)
*[[Engelbert Zaschka]] (1895–1955), inventor and helicopter pioneer
*[[Alice Phoebe Lou]] (born 1993), a South African singer-songwriter

==In popular culture==
{{more citations needed section|date=June 2014}}
*"[[Neuköln]]" (deliberately spelt with one 'l') is an instrumental piece by [[David Bowie]], the ninth track on his 1977 album ''[["Heroes" (David Bowie album)|"Heroes"]]''.
*The last track of [[Miss Kittin]]'s first solo album ''[[I Com]]'' is called "Neukölln 2".
*The German film [[Knallhart]] is set in the northern part of Neukölln.
*The German documentary ''[[Neukölln Unlimited]]'' tells the story of three Lebanese teenagers based in Neukölln, who fight their deportation out of Germany.
*[[Electronic music]] producer Kobosil is a native of the city. With a Bachelor of Arts in [[Sound recording and reproduction|audio production]], he has released music on the [[Ostgut Ton]] and MDT labels.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kobosil|url=http://www.residentadvisor.net/dj/kobosil/biography|website=Resident Advisor|publisher=Resident Advisor Ltd|access-date=4 June 2014|year=2014}}</ref>
*The series [[4 Blocks]] is set in Neukölln and Kreuzberg.
*The sixth leg of ''[[The Amazing Race 32]]'' had its [[The Amazing Race#Pit Stop|Pit Stop]] in Neukölln.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tvgrapevine.com/2020/11/the-amazing-race-recap-for-11-18-2020-double-legs/|title=The Amazing Race Recap for 11/18/2020: Double Legs|work=TV Grapevive|first=Sammi|last=Turano|date=November 18, 2020|access-date=November 19, 2020}}</ref>

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany}}
Neukölln is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Neuköllner Städtepartnerschaften|url=https://www.berlin.de/ba-neukoelln/politik-und-verwaltung/beauftragte/partnerstaedte/|website=berlin.de|date=10 November 2020|publisher=Berlin|language=de|access-date=2021-02-08}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Anderlecht]], Belgium (1955)
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Bat Yam]], Israel (1978)
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Boulogne-Billancourt]], France (1955)
*{{flagicon|TUR}} [[Çiğli|Çiğli (İzmir)]], Turkey (2005)
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Cologne]], Germany (1967)
*{{flagicon|ENG}} [[London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham|Hammersmith and Fulham (London)]], England, United Kingdom (1955)
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Leonberg]], Germany (1970)
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Marino, Lazio|Marino]], Italy (1980)
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg|Pavlovsk (Saint Petersburg)]], Russia (1991)
*{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Prague 5|Prague 5 (Prague)]], Czech Republic (2005)
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Pushkin, Saint Petersburg|Pushkin (Saint Petersburg)]], Russia (1991)
*{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Ústí nad Orlicí]], Czech Republic (1989)
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Wetzlar]], Germany (1959)
*{{flagicon|NED}} [[Zaanstad]], Netherlands (1955)
{{div col end}}

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="150">
Berlin neukoelln county-court 20050228 p1010186.jpg|County Court
Berlin Neukoelln Rathaus asv2021-03 img1.jpg|City hall
Skulptur Karl-Marx-Str 83 (Neukö) Buddy Bär.jpg|[[Buddy Bear|Buddy Bear Neukölln]] in front of the City hall
Landwehrkanal 2005-06-24.jpg|Landwehrkanal
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-C0104-0010-001, Berlin, Grenzübergang Sonnenallee, West-Berliner Besucher.jpg|Border crossing at Sonnenallee, 1964
Stadtbad B-Neukoelln 07-2014.jpg|Stadtbad Neukölln
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|Germany}}
*[[Berlin-Neukölln (electoral district)]]
*[[Hermannplatz]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons|Bezirk Neukölln|Neukölln}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
*{{in lang|de}} [http://www.neukoelln-online.de/ Official homepage]
*{{in lang|de}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20181127042251/http://www.neukoelln.tv/ WebTV from Berlin, Neukoelln]


{{Boroughs of Berlin}}
*[http://www.berlin.de/ba-neukoelln/index.html Official Homepage (in German)]
{{Former Boroughs of Berlin}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Neukolln}}
{{Berlin-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Neukölln| ]]
{{Template:Boroughs of Berlin}}
[[Category:Districts of Berlin]]
[[Category:Districts of Berlin]]
[[Category:Ethnic enclaves in Germany]]
[[Category:Former boroughs of Berlin]]


[[de:Berlin-Neukölln]]
[[fr:Neukölln]]
[[fr:Neukölln]]
[[it:Neukölln]]
[[it:Neukölln]]
[[ru:Нойкёльн]]

Latest revision as of 08:29, 4 October 2024

This article is about the administrative borough of Berlin. For the borough's quarter, see Neukölln (locality). For the constituency, see Berlin-Neukölln (electoral district). For the railway and U-Bahn station, see Berlin-Neukölln station. For Neu-Cölln, the historical district of Berlin, see Cölln. For the David Bowie instrumental work, see Neuköln. For the neighborhood Neuköln in North Rhine-Westphalia, see Oberhausen. For the mine Neu-Cöln, see Borbeck-Mitte.

Neukölln
Borough of Berlin
Flag of Neukölln
Flag
Coat of arms of Neukölln
Coat of arms
Location of Neukölln in Berlin
Neukölln is located in Germany
Neukölln
Neukölln
Neukölln is located in Berlin
Neukölln
Neukölln
Coordinates: 52°29′N 13°27′E / 52.483°N 13.450°E / 52.483; 13.450
CountryGermany
StateBerlin
CityBerlin
Subdivisions5 localities
Government
 • Borough MayorMartin Hikel (SPD)
Area
 • Total
44.93 km2 (17.35 sq mi)
Population
 (2023-12-31)[1]
 • Total
330,017
 • Density7,300/km2 (19,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Vehicle registrationB
WebsiteOfficial homepage

Neukölln[2] (German: [nɔʏˈkœln] ⓘ) is one of the twelve boroughs of Berlin, Germany. It is located south of Berlin's centre and stretches southeastwards to the city boundary, encompassing the localities of Neukölln, Britz, Buckow, Rudow and Gropiusstadt.

Neukölln borough was part of the American sector during the Four-Power occupation of the city. It is characterised by having one of the highest percentages of immigrant residents in Berlin. An influx of students and artists since the mid-2000s has led to gentrification.[3]

History

[edit]
Richardplatz

The Berlin district of Neukölln has a long and varied history that reflects the city's changing political and cultural landscape.

Located in the south of the city, Neukölln was originally a small village on the outskirts of Berlin. Neukölln's independence ended on 1 October 1920 when it was incorporated into Berlin.[4] During the German revolution it was the centre of a soldier and worker's council which controlled all local government departments, abolished the municipal authorities, took over the banks and declared housing to be communal property.[5]

In September 1929, Goebbels led his men into Neukölln, a KPD stronghold, and the two warring parties exchanged pistol and revolver fire. During World War II, Neukölln was the location of a subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp for Jewish and Romani women.[6]

After World War II, Neukölln underwent significant transformation as a result of the city's division by the Berlin Wall. The neighborhood was located in West Berlin and became a center of industry and commerce, with many factories and warehouses. From 1966 to 1975 the Gropiusstadt was built, a "Trabantenstadt" or city-within-a-city housing estate, designed by architect Walter Gropius. In the 1980s and 1990s, Neukölln underwent a process of gentrification, with many artists, students, and young professionals moving into the area. In recent years, Neukölln has become known for its diverse and vibrant cultural scene, with a mix of traditional and alternative businesses and a thriving arts and music scene.

Today, Neukölln is a popular destination for tourists and locals alike, with a diverse array of restaurants, cafes, and shops, as well as a number of cultural attractions and events. Despite its gentrification, Neukölln remains a working-class neighborhood with a diverse and multicultural population.

Locality subdivisions

[edit]
Hufeisensiedlung, 2017
Britzer Garten in Neukölln's South

Neukölln is subdivided into five localities:

Locality
 Area
(km2)
 Inhabitants
 Density
(Inhabitants/km2)
0801 Neukölln
 11.71 155,950 13,318
0802 Britz
 12.40 39,029 3,148
0803 Buckow
 6.35 38,219 6,019
0804 Rudow
 11.81 40,733 3,449
0805 Gropiusstadt
 2.67 35,751 13,390

Subdivisions of Neukölln

Public transport

[edit]
Berlin-Neukölln station
County-Court Building of Neukölln, near the Rathaus Neukölln U-Bahn station
Hermannplatz

Neukölln is served by three operational sections of urban rail.

U-Bahn:

Part of each of the following S-Bahn routes share an east–west-running section of Ringbahn track through Neukölln:

Among the numerous rail stations in Neukölln three act as interchanges:

Demographics

[edit]

As of 2010, the borough had a population of 310,283, of whom 121,000 (38.9%) were of non-German ethnicity. The percentage is significantly higher in the locality of the same name, Neukölln.[13] The borough is known for its large Turkish, Arab and Kurdish communities, which together make up roughly 18% of the borough's population. Recently,[when?] there has been an influx of Romani people and Sub-Saharan Africans.[14]

Population by migration background[15]
Ethnic Germans 60% (189,000)
Middle Eastern origin 18% (55,000)
non-German European origin 11% (33,000)
Afro-Germans 4% (12,400)
Others (East Asians, Americans, etc.) 6.5% (21,000)

Gentrification

[edit]

A trend is the rapid gentrification of certain neighbourhoods within the borough. There has been an influx of students, creatives and other young professionals of mostly Western origin avoiding higher rents which are charged in other parts of Berlin. This has caused a knock-on effect, with rents rising in some parts of Neukölln.[3] Northern Neukölln, just to the south of the Kreuzberg area, has become informally referred to as "Kreuzkölln" as the area becomes increasingly fashionable.[16]

Politics

[edit]

District council

[edit]

The governing body of Neukölln is the district council (Bezirksverordnetenversammlung). It has responsibility for passing laws and electing the city government, including the mayor. The most recent district council election was held on 26 September 2021, and the results were as follows:

Party Lead candidate Votes % +/- Seats +/-
Social Democratic Party (SPD) Martin Hikel 41,104 28.7 Decrease 1.7 18 Decrease 1
Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne) Susann Worschech 25,238 17.6 Increase 2.7 11 Increase 2
Christian Democratic Union (CDU) Falko Liecke 24,191 16.9 Increase 0.6 10 ±0
The Left (LINKE) Sarah Nagel 21,525 15.0 Increase 2.8 9 Increase 2
Alternative for Germany (AfD) Julian Potthast 10,125 7.1 Decrease 5.7 4 Decrease 4
Free Democratic Party (FDP) Roland Leppek 6,971 4.9 Increase 0.6 3 Increase 1
Tierschutzpartei 4,101 2.9 Increase 0.7 0 ±0
Die PARTEI 2,909 2.0 Decrease 0.4 0 ±0
dieBasis 1,787 1.2 New 0 New
Klimaliste 1,451 1.0 New 0 New
Volt Germany 1,431 1.0 New 0 New
Free Voters 1,061 0.7 New 0 New
We are Berlin 843 0.6 New 0 New
Ecological Democratic Party 235 0.2 New 0 New
Liberal Conservative Reformers 192 0.1 New 0 New
Valid votes 143,164 98.9
Invalid votes 1,655 1.1
Total 144,819 100.0 55 ±0
Electorate/voter turnout 225,767 64.1 Increase 6.5
Source: Elections Berlin

District government

[edit]

The district mayor (Bezirksbürgermeister) is elected by the Bezirksverordnetenversammlung, and positions in the district government (Bezirksamt) are apportioned based on party strength. Martin Hikel of the SPD was elected mayor on 21 March 2018. Since the 2021 municipal elections, the composition of the district government is as follows:

Councillor Party Portfolio
Martin Hikel SPD District Mayor
Civil Service and Logistics
Jochen Biedermann GRÜNE Deputy Mayor
Urban Development, Environment and Traffic
Falko Liecke CDU Social Affairs
Karin Korte SPD Education, Culture and Sport
Mirjam Blumenthal SPD Youth and Health
Sarah Nagel LINKE Public Order
Source: Berlin.de

Notable people

[edit]
Leo Arons around 1901
Memorial plate Ursula Goetze (1987)
Alexander Hacke performing on 5 May 2007
[edit]

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Neukölln is twinned with:[20]

[edit]
  • County Court
    County Court
  • City hall
    City hall
  • Buddy Bear Neukölln in front of the City hall
    Buddy Bear Neukölln in front of the City hall
  • Landwehrkanal
    Landwehrkanal
  • Border crossing at Sonnenallee, 1964
    Border crossing at Sonnenallee, 1964
  • Stadtbad Neukölln
    Stadtbad Neukölln

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Einwohnerinnen und Einwohner im Land Berlin am 31. Dezember 2023". Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg. February 2024.
  2. ^ Translated "New Cölln", and etymologically "New Colony" from lat. [nova] colonia.
  3. ^ a b Mendoza, Moises (11 March 2011). "Neukölln Nasties: Foreigners Feel Accused in Berlin Gentrification Row". Der Spiegel.
  4. ^ "1920: A Crisis Year". Unvollendete Metropole. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  5. ^ Gluckstein, Donny (1985). Western soviets. Bookmarks Publishing Co-operative. p. 133.
  6. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P. (2009). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 1279. ISBN 978-0-253-35328-3.
  7. ^ S41 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018
  8. ^ S42 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018
  9. ^ S45 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 91 march 2018
  10. ^ "2020 vision for Berlin's long-overdue Brandenburg Airport" Travel weekly, 9 January 2018
  11. ^ S45 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018
  12. ^ S47 "Bahnhofs- und Linieninformationssystem" s-bahn-berlin.de accessed 19 March 2018
  13. ^ "Seite wird geladen" (PDF).
  14. ^ Peters, Freia (28 September 2010). "Die Roma von Berlin-Neukölln". Die Welt.
  15. ^ "Seite wird geladen" (PDF). www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  16. ^ "Sagt endlich Kreuzkölln!" 12 April 2016 Der Tagesspiegel
  17. ^ Roma, A. S. (9 June 2016). "Antonio Rudiger: This is the story of my life". forza roma. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  18. ^ "Kobosil". Resident Advisor. Resident Advisor Ltd. 2014. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
  19. ^ Turano, Sammi (18 November 2020). "The Amazing Race Recap for 11/18/2020: Double Legs". TV Grapevive. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  20. ^ "Neuköllner Städtepartnerschaften". berlin.de (in German). Berlin. 10 November 2020. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
[edit]
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