Asian Boyz: Difference between revisions

Asian Boyz
Founded	late 1980s
Founding location	Long Beach, California, United States
Years active	late 1980s–present
Territory	14 U.S. states
Ethnicity	Cambodian American, Vietnamese American,; Filipino American
Activities	Drug trafficking, robbery, assault, burglary, theft, and homicide
Allies	Crips ; Menace of Destruction
Rivals	Bloods ; East Side Longos ; Smiley Dragon ; Tiny Rascal Gang ; Crazy Brother Clan ; Vietnamese Boyz ; Wah Ching

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The Asian Boyz, also known as ABZ, AB-26, or ABZ Crips,^[12] are a street gang based in Southern California.^[13] They were founded in the late 1980s to protect^[14]^[15] Cambodian refugees from other American gangs.^[16]^[17] The gang has about 2,000 member to 5,000 active members in Long Beach, who are Southeast Asian, predominantly Cambodian.^[12] Many Asian Boyz are also members of the U.S. military, some of whom use their position to traffic drugs.^[15] According to the FBI's 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment, the Asian Boyz are active in 28 different cities in 14 different states across the U.S.^[3]

History

The first Asian Boyz gang was formed in Long Beach, California in the late 1980s, drawing members from immigrant communities from Southeast Asia.^[13] The founders of Long Beach Asian Boyz were originally Cambodian refugees who the East Side Longos were harassing during the 1980s.^[18] Controversy lies mostly around the official origin of the gang, as it was a unification of multiple gangs or founding gangsters rather than the formation of one. Their identity also attracts notable controversy, being that the Cambodian sets are notoriously influential and decorated as their faction of Crips that is, among other things, racially or ethnically distinct.

During the mid-1980s in Long Beach, a group of Cambodian refugees formed the Tiny Rascal Gang to defend themselves from the East Side Longos. In the late 1980s, internal dispute happened within the Tiny Rascal Gang, and members left to form the Long Beach Asian Boyz. The Long Beach Asian Boyz subset would be the first of many.

One of the Asian gang that integrated with Long Beach Asian Boyz during the early 1990s was the Asian Boys Insanity (ABI). Asian Boys Insanity was an independent gang that operated in Chinatown Los Angeles and parts of San Gabriel Valley in the late-1980s. Asian Boy's Insanity was predominately Chinese and Vietnamese. The victim of the infamous pool hall shooting in El Monte in 1993 was Lea Mek, who was a member of the Asian Boys Insanity.^[19]^[20] After Asian Boys Insanity merged with Long Beach Asian Boyz, Asian Boys Insanity formed Monterey Park Asian Boyz sometime the early-1990s. Then later in the mid-1990s, both Asian Boys Insanity and Monterey Park Asian Boyz (MP ABZ) became what is now known as West Side Asian Boyz (WS ABZ).

Another Asian gang that integrated with Long Beach Asian Boyz was called Van Nuys Asian Boys or Asian Boy Style (ABS), which hailed from Van Nuys. The Asian Boy Style gang was formed in the late 1980s by Sothi "Playa One" Menh, the Mercado brothers, and others.^[19]^[20] Asian Boy Style established itself in the Valerio Garden apartments and had members spread out in other parts of Los Angeles County. By the mid-1990s, Van Nuys Asian Boy Style merged with Van Nuys Asian Boyz (a branch of Long Beach Asian Boyz) and became one gang.

A notable difference emerged within the Asian Boyz organization, with the S and Z sides sparring. The S side was composed predominantly of ethnic Vietnamese, whereas, the Z side was composed predominantly of Cambodians. Most notably, that ethnic difference created a rift from within the organization that remains.

Notable crimes

In 1990–1991, Pierre Mercado was responsible for four murders, in an attempt to intimidate other gangs. He fled to the Philippines and remained there for 11 years until he was extradited to the United States in 2012.^[21] In 2013, Mercado was sentenced to 218 years to life in prison.^[22]

In August 1997, the leader of the Asian Boyz Van Nuys set, Sothi Menh, was arrested in Phnom Penh, Cambodia and extradited to the United States after fleeing the country in the preceding January. He was wanted for committing five gang-related murders in the San Fernando Valley in 1995.^[23] In September 1998, Asian Boyz members were charged with three murders and five attempted murders.^[24]

In 1996, the parents of three children in south-central Kentucky were herded into their bathroom and shot in the head. They were found dead hours later along with their 12-year-old daughter, who was also shot in the head yet survived.

The carnage was the work of the “Asian Boyz” gang. The one who pulled the trigger, 17-year-old Sophal Phon, eventually was sentenced to life without the possibility of parole.^[25]

On August 12, 2006, a fight broke out between Asian Bloods and ABZ gang members at a house in Lowell, Massachusetts, where a birthday party was being held. Asian Boyz members left the party and allegedly started throwing bottles and other objects. Billeoum Phan, 14, began firing at the Asian Boyz members. One of the shots hit Asian Boyz member Samnang Oth, killing him. Phan was convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to incarceration until the age of 21, with an additional requirement to serve a 5-year probation after his release.^[26]^[27]

In December 2006, three members of the gang were charged with beating a 15-year-old boy named Chino Vu to death in Utica, New York. Richie Nguyen, who was 16, was sentenced to 5 to 15 years of prison for manslaughter.^[28]^[29]^[30] Samnang Chou was sentenced to 10 years of prison for second-degree assault.^[8]^[31]

In March 2008, four men followed 24-year-old Vutha Au from Santa Rosa and stopped at a gas station near Jenner, California, where they fatally shot him in public. Quentin Russell, who was age 24 at the time, was the shooter, and Sarith Prak, David Prak, and Preston Khaoone were charged in connection with the murder. All four defendants were convicted^[32] and sentenced to life without parole on July 27, 2012.^[33]

In March 2011, founder Marvin Mercado was sentenced to life imprisonment for his mid 1990s murder of eight people.

The Reccless Tigers originated in Fairfax County, Virginia and expanded statewide in 2011 and sold thousands of pounds of marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy and prescription drugs throughout Northern Virginia. The group is affiliated with a California gang called the West Side Asian Boyz and high-ranking members have recently been arrested for murder.^[34]

In December 2018, a high-ranking member named Derek Pires was arrested in Fall River, Massachusetts following a shooting that left no injuries.^[35]

Gang activity involving the ABZ gang and a rival Sureno gang has occurred in Monterey Park, California, in 2019, although it resulted in no life threatening injuries or death. This set has more Chinese American and Vietnamese members.^[36]^[37]

Membership

According to the FBI's 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment, membership is estimated at 5,000-10,000 members. Originally, most members were Cambodian, with a small portion of other Southeast Asian members. In the 1980s, the Asian Boyz expanded across the United States. Many factions remained in California, where they are still concentrated. Other factions spread throughout the Midwest and into New England. Factions have their own regional differences, which may include distinctions in culture, identity, structure and ethnic exclusivity.^[38]^[39]

On the West Coast, the Asian Boyz gang colors are blue and navy. These colors are similar to the Crips who the Asian Boyz learned from and were heavily influenced by. While their speech and mannerisms are similar to those of Crips, they are known to dress in the fashion of West Coast trends, dated to the 1980s and 1990s. Younger members are known to dress along with current fashion trends.

In the Midwest and on the East Coast, along with blue and navy, the gang also dons forest green, black, and white. Their style of dress leans more towards hip-hop casual. In the Midwest, members are known to be of Hmong,^[40] Burmese, Karen^[41] and Karenni descent while on the East Coast, from Virginia to Georgia, there are a lot more members of Korean and Chinese descent. In Utica there are many members of Karen descent, and many Cambodians, Vietnamese Americans, and Laotians in Massachusetts.^[42] Asian Boyz gang tattoos include a dragon head with crystal globes, a symbol of high rank and original Status. Also common are Sak Yant tattoos that are supposed to offer power, protection, fortune, charisma and other benefits for the bearer.

Hereafter they are also known to have members in Indiana Indianapolis and Fort Wayne, Minnesota, Omaha, New York, Texas, and Massachusetts as well as within the U.S. Armed Forces.^[43]

Rivalries

Many members of the Asian Boyz have been in a long conflict with the Wah Ching gang. One of the first shootouts between the two gangs occurred in December 1993 in an El Monte pool hall. An Asian Boyz gang member, Lea Mek, was killed by Wah Ching gang member Chieu Luong Yang.^[44]^[45]

Another shootout between the two gangs that occurred the same year was in San Marino that caused the deaths of two youths at a San Marino High School graduation party in June. After an investigation by the authorities, police claimed that when the Asian Boyz gang members arrived at the party, they noticed that Wah Ching gang members were there, prompting them to leave and return with weapons. At least nine gang members were arrested, and police seized five weapons from homes searched in conjunction with the arrests. The shootouts between the two gangs were called "Summer Madness" by the Asian Boyz gang.^[44]^[45]

References

^ ^a ^b Larrubia, Evelyn. "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings". www.latimes.com. Archived from the original on October 19, 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Sweeping probe details ruthless rise of a new gang in D.C.'s suburbs". Washington Post. August 20, 2020. Retrieved September 2, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d National Drug Intelligence Center (January 2009). "National Gang Threat Assessment 2009". FBI. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2012-06-19.
^ ^a ^b ^c Leibowitz, Barry. (March 31, 2011). "Asian Boyz gang founder Marvin Mercado gets life, no parole from Calif. judge". Retrieved March 6, 2020. The gang had Cambodian, Indonesian, Vietnamese and Filipino, Indian factions and included three cliques in the suburbs of Los Angeles and one in San Jose.
^ "Asian Boyz Crips". 23 July 2013. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2017-10-25.
^ Derek J. Moore (March 15, 2008). "Ruthless Asian gangs blaze trail of violence Killing in Jenner casts spotlight on ultraviolent syndicates with roots in Long Beach". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014.
^ "As Cultures Meet, Gang War Paralyzes a City in California". New York Times. May 6, 1991. Archived from the original on March 30, 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2014.
^ ^a ^b LaDuca, Rocco. Asian Boyz gang member from Utica stopped at Canadian border, Utica Observer-Dispatch, May 16, 2013.
^ Hal Marcovitz; Dennis Dressang (2010). Gangs. ABDO. p. 33. ISBN 9781604539547. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
^ Kevin Starr (2011). Coast of Dreams. Random House. p. 83. ISBN 9780307795267. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
^ Laviana, Hurst (September 9, 2013). "Detective says 2011 homicide is third involving feuding gangs". The Wichita Eagle. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014. Retrieved March 22, 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Asian Boyz Crips". 2013-07-23. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2017-10-25.
^ ^a ^b "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings". Los Angeles Times. 1998-09-20. Retrieved 2021-10-19.
^ "Asian Boyz gang founder Marvin Mercado gets life, no parole from Calif. Judge". CBS News. 31 March 2011. Archived from the original on 2018-03-27. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
^ ^a ^b "Asian Gangs & Why Join One". web. Stanford.edu. Archived from the original on 2018-08-02. Retrieved 2017-10-25.
^ WILLWERTH, JAMES (2001-06-24). "From Killing Fields to Mean Streets". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2017-10-25.
^ Chan, Sucheng (2003). Not just victims : conversations with Cambodian community leaders in the United States. Kim, Audrey U. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. p. 99. ISBN 025202799X. OCLC 49942929.
^ WILLWERTH, JAMES (2001-06-24). "From Killing Fields to Mean Streets". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2021-10-19.
^ ^a ^b Lam, Kevin (2019). "Asian American Youth Violence as Genocide: A Critical Appraisal and its Pedagogical Significance" (PDF). Equity & Excellence in Education. 52 (2–3): 255–270. doi:10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594. S2CID 210506501. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
^ ^a ^b Lam, Kevin D. (2019-07-03). "Asian American Youth Violence as Genocide: A Critical Appraisal and its Pedagogical Significance". Equity & Excellence in Education. 52 (2–3): 255–270. doi:10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594. ISSN 1066-5684. S2CID 210506501.
^ "Pierre Mercado, Asian Boyz LA Gang Member, Convicted Of Four Murders". Huffington Post. 16 August 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
^ Marcellino, Elizabeth (May 14, 2013). "Former Asian Boyz gang leader gets 218 years". Los Angeles Daily News. Archived from the original on August 19, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
^ "Gang Suspect Returned; Man Sought In Asian Boys Case In Custody". Thefreelibrary.com. 2 August 1997. Retrieved 16 March 2011.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Evelyn Larrubia (20 September 1998). "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killing". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2011.
^ "Convicted of murdering as teen, Kentucky man seeks parole". AP News. 2018-02-07. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
^ Mulvihill, Maggie; Favot, Sarah; Berg, Kirsten (February 12, 2012). "Teen killers get inconsistent sentences". Boston Telegram. Archived from the original on June 7, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
^ "Lowell murder trial set to begin this week". Lowell Sun. December 2, 2008. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
^ Crossett, Nate (2007). "Nguyen Pleads Guilty to Manslaughter". WKTV. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
^ Crossett, Nate (1 March 2007). "Third Asian Boyz Gang Member Pleads Guilty". Wktv.com. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 16 March 2011.
^ "Nguyen Sentenced 5 - 15 Years". WKTV. April 11, 2007. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
^ "Utica Man Sentenced to 10 Years". WKTV. March 14, 2007. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
^ Payne, Paul (28 June 2012). "Jury convicts 4 gang members in Jenner gas station slaying". The Press Democrat. Retrieved 29 June 2012.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "Asian Boyz Gang Members Sentenced to Life without the Possibility of Parole Plus 25 Years to Life for Blind Gas Station Murder" ^{[dead link‍]}, Press release, 27 July 2012, by the Office of the District Attorney, Sonoma County. Retrieved August 13, 2013
^ Jouvenal, Justin; Weiner, Rachel (2020-08-22). "Sweeping probe details ruthless rise of a new gang in D.C.'s suburbs". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
^ Burke, Amanda (December 28, 2018). "Member of Asian Boyz street gang arrested in Fall River after shooting". Retrieved September 5, 2019.
^ Gonzales, Ruby (April 25, 2019). "Monterey Park gambling den targeted in shootout between gang members, police say". Retrieved September 2, 2020.
^ "Nine Suspected Gang Members Charged After Shooting". April 25, 2019. Retrieved September 2, 2020.
^ "Police eye gang in killing". NewsTimes. 27 January 2005. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
^ "24 with gang links arrested in Maine cities during sweep". The Portland Press Herald / Maine Sunday Telegram. 21 August 2010. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2012.
^ Xaykaothao, Doualy. "Becoming Hmong American". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2018-01-25. Retrieved 2018-01-25.
^ Zremski, Jerry. "It's tough for the teens". Buffalonews.com. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2018-01-25.
^ KIFNER, JOHN (January 6, 1991). "Asian Gangs in New York -- A Special Report; Immigrant Waves From Asia Bring an Underworld Ashore". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 25, 2018.
^ Thompson, Mark. "Hail, Hail, The Gang's All Here…". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 2014-07-20. Retrieved 2017-07-16.
^ ^a ^b "Officials Link Gang Rivalry to Party Slayings". Viki Torres (LA Times). 19 August 1994. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Multi Agency Effort to Bring Two Violent Gang members to Justice". lapdonline.org. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 14 February 2015.

[Asian_Boyz_Face_Group_Trial_in_Spate_of_Killings-1] Larrubia, Evelyn. "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings". www.latimes.com. Archived from the original on October 19, 2021.

[Washington_post-2] "Sweeping probe details ruthless rise of a new gang in D.C.'s suburbs". Washington Post. August 20, 2020. Retrieved September 2, 2020.

[FBI-3] National Drug Intelligence Center (January 2009). "National Gang Threat Assessment 2009". FBI. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2012-06-19.

[Leibowitz-4] Leibowitz, Barry. (March 31, 2011). "Asian Boyz gang founder Marvin Mercado gets life, no parole from Calif. judge". Retrieved March 6, 2020. The gang had Cambodian, Indonesian, Vietnamese and Filipino, Indian factions and included three cliques in the suburbs of Los Angeles and one in San Jose.

[Asian_Boyz_Crips-5] "Asian Boyz Crips". 23 July 2013. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2017-10-25.

[6] Derek J. Moore (March 15, 2008). "Ruthless Asian gangs blaze trail of violence Killing in Jenner casts spotlight on ultraviolent syndicates with roots in Long Beach". Press Democrat. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014.

[nytimes-7] "As Cultures Meet, Gang War Paralyzes a City in California". New York Times. May 6, 1991. Archived from the original on March 30, 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2014.

[laduca-8] LaDuca, Rocco. Asian Boyz gang member from Utica stopped at Canadian border, Utica Observer-Dispatch, May 16, 2013.

[9] Hal Marcovitz; Dennis Dressang (2010). Gangs. ABDO. p. 33. ISBN 9781604539547. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

[10] Kevin Starr (2011). Coast of Dreams. Random House. p. 83. ISBN 9780307795267. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

[wichita-11] Laviana, Hurst (September 9, 2013). "Detective says 2011 homicide is third involving feuding gangs". The Wichita Eagle. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014. Retrieved March 22, 2014.

[United-12] "Asian Boyz Crips". 2013-07-23. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2017-10-25.

[:3-13] "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings". Los Angeles Times. 1998-09-20. Retrieved 2021-10-19.

[CBS-14] "Asian Boyz gang founder Marvin Mercado gets life, no parole from Calif. Judge". CBS News. 31 March 2011. Archived from the original on 2018-03-27. Retrieved 2018-03-26.

[:2-15] "Asian Gangs & Why Join One". web. Stanford.edu. Archived from the original on 2018-08-02. Retrieved 2017-10-25.

[16] WILLWERTH, JAMES (2001-06-24). "From Killing Fields to Mean Streets". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2017-10-25.

[17] Chan, Sucheng (2003). Not just victims : conversations with Cambodian community leaders in the United States. Kim, Audrey U. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. p. 99. ISBN 025202799X. OCLC 49942929.

[18] WILLWERTH, JAMES (2001-06-24). "From Killing Fields to Mean Streets". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2021-10-19.

[Lam-19] Lam, Kevin (2019). "Asian American Youth Violence as Genocide: A Critical Appraisal and its Pedagogical Significance" (PDF). Equity & Excellence in Education. 52 (2–3): 255–270. doi:10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594. S2CID 210506501. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2021-10-20.

[Lam_255–270-20] Lam, Kevin D. (2019-07-03). "Asian American Youth Violence as Genocide: A Critical Appraisal and its Pedagogical Significance". Equity & Excellence in Education. 52 (2–3): 255–270. doi:10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594. ISSN 1066-5684. S2CID 210506501.

[huffingtonpost.com-21] "Pierre Mercado, Asian Boyz LA Gang Member, Convicted Of Four Murders". Huffington Post. 16 August 2012. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

[22] Marcellino, Elizabeth (May 14, 2013). "Former Asian Boyz gang leader gets 218 years". Los Angeles Daily News. Archived from the original on August 19, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.

[23] "Gang Suspect Returned; Man Sought In Asian Boys Case In Custody". Thefreelibrary.com. 2 August 1997. Retrieved 16 March 2011.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[24] Evelyn Larrubia (20 September 1998). "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killing". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 16 March 2011.

[25] "Convicted of murdering as teen, Kentucky man seeks parole". AP News. 2018-02-07. Retrieved 2024-02-01.

[26] Mulvihill, Maggie; Favot, Sarah; Berg, Kirsten (February 12, 2012). "Teen killers get inconsistent sentences". Boston Telegram. Archived from the original on June 7, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2013.

[27] "Lowell murder trial set to begin this week". Lowell Sun. December 2, 2008. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved December 4, 2013.

[28] Crossett, Nate (2007). "Nguyen Pleads Guilty to Manslaughter". WKTV. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.

[29] Crossett, Nate (1 March 2007). "Third Asian Boyz Gang Member Pleads Guilty". Wktv.com. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 16 March 2011.

[30] "Nguyen Sentenced 5 - 15 Years". WKTV. April 11, 2007. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.

[31] "Utica Man Sentenced to 10 Years". WKTV. March 14, 2007. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013.

[32] Payne, Paul (28 June 2012). "Jury convicts 4 gang members in Jenner gas station slaying". The Press Democrat. Retrieved 29 June 2012.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[33] "Asian Boyz Gang Members Sentenced to Life without the Possibility of Parole Plus 25 Years to Life for Blind Gas Station Murder" ^{[dead link‍]}, Press release, 27 July 2012, by the Office of the District Attorney, Sonoma County. Retrieved August 13, 2013

[34] Jouvenal, Justin; Weiner, Rachel (2020-08-22). "Sweeping probe details ruthless rise of a new gang in D.C.'s suburbs". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-02-01.

[35] Burke, Amanda (December 28, 2018). "Member of Asian Boyz street gang arrested in Fall River after shooting". Retrieved September 5, 2019.

[36] Gonzales, Ruby (April 25, 2019). "Monterey Park gambling den targeted in shootout between gang members, police say". Retrieved September 2, 2020.

[37] "Nine Suspected Gang Members Charged After Shooting". April 25, 2019. Retrieved September 2, 2020.

[newstimes.com-38] "Police eye gang in killing". NewsTimes. 27 January 2005. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

[39] "24 with gang links arrested in Maine cities during sweep". The Portland Press Herald / Maine Sunday Telegram. 21 August 2010. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 16 December 2012.

[40] Xaykaothao, Doualy. "Becoming Hmong American". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2018-01-25. Retrieved 2018-01-25.

[41] Zremski, Jerry. "It's tough for the teens". Buffalonews.com. Archived from the original on 2017-10-25. Retrieved 2018-01-25.

[42] KIFNER, JOHN (January 6, 1991). "Asian Gangs in New York -- A Special Report; Immigrant Waves From Asia Bring an Underworld Ashore". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 25, 2018.

[43] Thompson, Mark. "Hail, Hail, The Gang's All Here…". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on 2014-07-20. Retrieved 2017-07-16.

[:0-44] "Officials Link Gang Rivalry to Party Slayings". Viki Torres (LA Times). 19 August 1994. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 14 February 2015.

[:1-45] "Multi Agency Effort to Bring Two Violent Gang members to Justice". lapdonline.org. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 14 February 2015.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Crip gang founded in Long Beach}}
-{{Infobox Criminal organization
-| name                = Asian Boyz
+{{Infobox criminal organization
-| image               =
+| name = Asian Boyz
-| caption             =
+| image = <!--(filename only)-->
-| founded             = 1990s<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/pierre-mercado-convicted_n_1791574.html</ref>
+| image_size = <!--(defaults to 220px)-->
-| founding location   = [[Long Beach, CA|Long Beach]] / [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], [[United States]]
+| caption =
-| founded by          = Marvin Mercado
+| founded = late 1980s<ref name= "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings"/>
-| years active        = 1990s-present
+| founder = <!--or | founders = -->
-| territory           = Active in 14 U.S. states (2009)<ref name =justice>{{cite web|url=http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs32/32146/appb.htm |title=Appendix B. Street Gangs - National Gang Threat Assessment 2009 |publisher=Justice.gov |date= |accessdate=2011-03-16| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20110228194543/http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs32/32146/appb.htm| archivedate= 28 February 2011 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref>
+| named_after =
-| ethnic makeup       = primarily of [[Vietnam|Vietnamese]], [[Laos|Laotian]], and [[Cambodian]] descent<ref name=justice/>
+| founding_location = [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]], California, United States<ref name="Washington post">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/reccless-tigers-gang-indictments/2020/08/20/fb3543b8-d8af-11e9-a688-303693fb4b0b_story.html?outputType=amp |title=Sweeping probe details ruthless rise of a new gang in D.C.'s suburbs |newspaper=Washington Post |date=August 20, 2020 |access-date=September 2, 2020}}</ref>
-| membership est      = 1,300 to 2,000 (2009) <ref name=justice/>
+| years_active = late 1980s–present
-| criminal activities = Drug trafficking, robbery, assault, burglary, theft and homicide<ref name=justice/>
+| territory = 14 U.S. states<ref name="FBI">{{cite web| title=National Gang Threat Assessment 2009| author=National Drug Intelligence Center| url=https://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/national-gang-threat-assessment-2009-pdf| publisher=FBI| date=January 2009| access-date=2012-06-19| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305144503/https://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/national-gang-threat-assessment-2009-pdf| archive-date=2016-03-05| url-status=live}}</ref>
-| allies              = [[Crips]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insideprison.com/prison_gang_profile_CR.asp |title=The Crips: Gang Profile |publisher=Insideprison.com |date= |accessdate=2011-03-16}}</ref>
+| ethnicity = [[Cambodian Americans|Cambodian American]],<ref name="FBI"/><ref name="Leibowitz"/> [[Vietnamese Americans|Vietnamese American]],<ref name="Leibowitz">{{cite news |last=Leibowitz |first=Barry. |title=Asian Boyz gang founder Marvin Mercado gets life, no parole from Calif. judge |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/asian-boyz-gang-founder-marvin-mercado-gets-life-no-parole-from-calif-judge/ |date=March 31, 2011 |access-date=March 6, 2020 |quote=The gang had Cambodian, Indonesian, Vietnamese and Filipino, Indian factions and included three cliques in the suburbs of Los Angeles and one in San Jose.}}</ref><br> [[Filipino Americans|Filipino American]]<ref name="Leibowitz"/>
-| rivals              = Valerio Street Gang<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=fw5N5qg5BHQC&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=asian+boyz+rival&source=bl&ots=SM-V81sYdL&sig=6A6JFN3KPWcwzX4hAciHS9IeLWg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8HNSUJjKLpDm8wTXuYCIAw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=asian%20boyz%20rival&f=false</ref>, Tiny Rascals<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=c7F8G_4aatkC&pg=PA33&lpg=PA33&dq=asian+boyz+rival&source=bl&ots=psQxbfk0v_&sig=mnNJRY3vL-h3Y5piyq4iS6IPaEQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8HNSUJjKLpDm8wTXuYCIAw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=asian%20boyz%20rival&f=false</ref>
+| membership_est =
+| leaders =
+| activities = Drug trafficking, robbery, assault, burglary, theft, and homicide<ref name="FBI"/>
+| allies = <!-- any additions to this section require a reliable source. --> [[Crips]]<ref name="Asian Boyz Crips">{{cite web |url=https://unitedgangs.com/asian-boyz-crips/ |title=Asian Boyz Crips |date=23 July 2013 |access-date=2017-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025185223/https://unitedgangs.com/asian-boyz-crips/ |archive-date=2017-10-25 |url-status=live }}</ref> <br>[[Menace of Destruction]]<ref name="Washington post"/>
+| rivals = <!-- any additions to this section require a reliable source. --> [[Bloods]]<ref>{{cite web|author=Derek J. Moore|url=http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20080315/news/803150313#page=0&#124;|title=Ruthless Asian gangs blaze trail of violence Killing in Jenner casts spotlight on ultraviolent syndicates with roots in Long Beach|work=Press Democrat|date=March 15, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407074831/http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20080315/news/803150313#page=0&#124|archive-date=April 7, 2014|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> <br> East Side Longos<ref name="nytimes">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/06/us/as-cultures-meet-gang-war-paralyzes-a-city-in-california.html? |title=As Cultures Meet, Gang War Paralyzes a City in California |work=New York Times |date=May 6, 1991 |access-date=March 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330210040/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/06/us/as-cultures-meet-gang-war-paralyzes-a-city-in-california.html |archive-date=March 30, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> <br> Smiley Dragon<ref name=laduca>LaDuca, Rocco. [http://www.uticaod.com/article/20130516/News/305169782 Asian Boyz gang member from Utica stopped at Canadian border], Utica Observer-Dispatch, May 16, 2013.</ref> <br> [[Tiny Rascal Gang]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c7F8G_4aatkC&q=asian+boyz+rival&pg=PA33 |title=Gangs |author1=Hal Marcovitz |author2=Dennis Dressang |publisher=ABDO |page=33 |year=2010 |access-date=16 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130619113959/http://books.google.com/books?id=c7F8G_4aatkC&pg=PA33&lpg=PA33&dq=asian+boyz+rival&source=bl&ots=psQxbfk0v_&sig=mnNJRY3vL-h3Y5piyq4iS6IPaEQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8HNSUJjKLpDm8wTXuYCIAw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=asian%20boyz%20rival&f=false |archive-date=19 June 2013 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all |isbn=9781604539547 }}</ref> <br> Crazy Brother Clan<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fw5N5qg5BHQC&q=asian+boyz+rival&pg=PA83 |title=Coast of Dreams |author=Kevin Starr |publisher=Random House |page=83 |year=2011 |access-date=16 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624031249/http://books.google.com/books?id=fw5N5qg5BHQC&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=asian+boyz+rival&source=bl&ots=SM-V81sYdL&sig=6A6JFN3KPWcwzX4hAciHS9IeLWg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8HNSUJjKLpDm8wTXuYCIAw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=asian%20boyz%20rival&f=false |archive-date=24 June 2013 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all |isbn=9780307795267 }}</ref> <br> Vietnamese Boyz<ref name=wichita>{{cite web| title=Detective says 2011 homicide is third involving feuding gangs| author=Laviana, Hurst| url=http://www.kansas.com/2013/09/09/2990941/detective-says-2011-homicide-was.html| publisher=The Wichita Eagle| date=September 9, 2013| access-date=March 22, 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322212418/http://www.kansas.com/2013/09/09/2990941/detective-says-2011-homicide-was.html| archive-date=March 22, 2014| url-status=live| df=mdy-all}}</ref> <br> [[Wah Ching]]<ref name= "Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings">{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/20/news/mn-24877.html? |title=Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings|archive-url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-sep-20-mn-24877-story.html|archive-date=October 19, 2021|website=www.latimes.com|first=Evelyn|last=Larrubia}}</ref>
+| notable_members =
 }}
+The '''Asian Boyz''', also known as '''ABZ''', '''AB-26''', or '''ABZ Crips''',<ref name="United"/> are a [[street gang]] based in [[Southern California]].<ref name=":3" /> They were founded in the late 1980s to protect<ref name="CBS">{{Cite web|title=Asian Boyz gang founder Marvin Mercado gets life, no parole from Calif. Judge|website=[[CBS News]]|date=31 March 2011 |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/asian-boyz-gang-founder-marvin-mercado-gets-life-no-parole-from-calif-judge/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180327084343/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/asian-boyz-gang-founder-marvin-mercado-gets-life-no-parole-from-calif-judge/|archive-date=2018-03-27|access-date=2018-03-26}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/gangcolor/asiangang.htm|title=Asian Gangs & Why Join One|website=web. Stanford.edu|access-date=2017-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802220302/https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/gangcolor/asiangang.htm|archive-date=2018-08-02|url-status=live}}</ref> Cambodian [[Vietnam War|refugees]] from other American gangs.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,155910,00.html|title=From Killing Fields to Mean Streets|last=WILLWERTH|first=JAMES|date=2001-06-24|magazine=Time|access-date=2017-10-25|language=en-US|issn=0040-781X|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601111447/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,155910,00.html|archive-date=2016-06-01|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Not just victims : conversations with Cambodian community leaders in the United States|last=Chan|first=Sucheng|date=2003|publisher=University of Illinois Press|others=Kim, Audrey U.|isbn=025202799X|location=Urbana|pages=99|oclc=49942929}}</ref> The gang has about 2,000 member to 5,000 active members in Long Beach, who are Southeast Asian, predominantly [[Cambodian American|Cambodian]].<ref name="United">{{Cite news|url=https://unitedgangs.com/asian-boyz-crips/|title=Asian Boyz Crips|date=2013-07-23|access-date=2017-10-25|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025185223/https://unitedgangs.com/asian-boyz-crips/|archive-date=2017-10-25|url-status=live}}</ref> Many Asian Boyz are also members of the U.S. military, some of whom use their position to traffic drugs.<ref name=":2" /> According to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI's]] 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment, the Asian Boyz are active in 28 different cities in 14 different states across the U.S.<ref name=FBI/>
+==History==
-The '''Asian Boyz''', or '''ABZ''', are an [[Asian American]] [[street gang]] founded by Marvin "Shy Boy"<ref>http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SGVB&p_theme=sgvb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=13544CFA98DB2CA8&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM</ref> Mercado in the 1990's.<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/pierre-mercado-convicted_n_1791574.html</ref> The ethnicity of Asian Boyz gang members mainly consist of males of [[Vietnamese American|Vietnamese]], [[Cambodian American|Cambodian]], or [[Laotian American|Laotian]] descent.<ref name=justice/>
+The first Asian Boyz gang was formed in [[Long Beach, California]] in the late 1980s, drawing members from immigrant communities from Southeast Asia.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=1998-09-20|title=Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-sep-20-mn-24877-story.html|access-date=2021-10-19|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> The founders of '''Long Beach Asian Boyz''' were originally Cambodian refugees who the East Side Longos were harassing during the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=WILLWERTH|first=JAMES|date=2001-06-24|title=From Killing Fields to Mean Streets|language=en-US|magazine=Time|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,155910,00.html|access-date=2021-10-19|issn=0040-781X}}</ref> Controversy lies mostly around the official origin of the gang, as it was a unification of multiple gangs or founding gangsters rather than the formation of one. Their identity also attracts notable controversy, being that the Cambodian sets are notoriously influential and decorated as their faction of Crips that is, among other things, racially or ethnically distinct.
+During the mid-1980s in Long Beach, a group of Cambodian refugees formed the [[Tiny Rascal Gang]] to defend themselves from the East Side Longos. In the late 1980s, internal dispute happened within the Tiny Rascal Gang, and members left to form the Long Beach Asian Boyz. The Long Beach Asian Boyz subset would be the first of many.
-===Gang Colors===
-On the East Coast, their gang colors are forest green, black, and yellow. Asian Boyz also bear a tattoo of a [[Dragon]] head with a Flame.<ref>http://www.newstimes.com/news/article/Police-eye-gang-in-killing-240488.php</ref>
+One of the Asian gang that integrated with Long Beach Asian Boyz during the early 1990s was the '''Asian Boys Insanity (ABI)'''. Asian Boys Insanity was an independent gang that operated in [[Chinatown, Los Angeles|Chinatown Los Angeles]] and parts of [[San Gabriel Valley]] in the late-1980s. Asian Boy's Insanity was predominately Chinese and Vietnamese. The victim of the infamous pool hall shooting in [[El Monte, California|El Monte]] in 1993 was [[Murder of Lea Mek|Lea Mek]], who was a member of the Asian Boys Insanity.<ref name="Lam">{{Cite journal|last=Lam|first=Kevin|year=2019|title=Asian American Youth Violence as Genocide: A Critical Appraisal and its Pedagogical Significance|url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61220957/Asian_American_Youth_Violence_as_Genocide_A_Critical_Appraisal_and_its_Pedagogical_Significance_Lam-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1634700694&Signature=avvVQ0FCQteGik0Y5hJfbguBkIKhvAtbyvRM6xBvqxsy9lbOzI7Q8dfGiNgtjHquIjQR1iExVfbfC0ZmFktG3~l0e9qtWXorTfbLkqX47eitIM4KzWWfSO9OSl7TZOiCmKJ5zEAWs6ET-zG5Bvx-Yi0zte2KmC~DSxV1RGQqEC9GJqUxZkMZ~~9BOLuH1x9c-gJNhn2vNutJcvi7t3rhknW0ibsJkG7x3HThXz0dP0VvwlFcfXOlfS2tXM4tYPc0j2-KwgsTL1QaD7qsFupc0LnQYqaMYLBufKRq4rIcwaf5TUAdcJfmdPes4vCi2-VoCzgb3mf-UE0tsMYqa3KBbQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA|journal=Equity & Excellence in Education|volume=52|issue=2–3|pages=255–270|doi=10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594|s2cid=210506501|access-date=2021-10-20|archive-date=2021-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020023337/https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/61220957/Asian_American_Youth_Violence_as_Genocide_A_Critical_Appraisal_and_its_Pedagogical_Significance_Lam-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1634700694&Signature=avvVQ0FCQteGik0Y5hJfbguBkIKhvAtbyvRM6xBvqxsy9lbOzI7Q8dfGiNgtjHquIjQR1iExVfbfC0ZmFktG3~l0e9qtWXorTfbLkqX47eitIM4KzWWfSO9OSl7TZOiCmKJ5zEAWs6ET-zG5Bvx-Yi0zte2KmC~DSxV1RGQqEC9GJqUxZkMZ~~9BOLuH1x9c-gJNhn2vNutJcvi7t3rhknW0ibsJkG7x3HThXz0dP0VvwlFcfXOlfS2tXM4tYPc0j2-KwgsTL1QaD7qsFupc0LnQYqaMYLBufKRq4rIcwaf5TUAdcJfmdPes4vCi2-VoCzgb3mf-UE0tsMYqa3KBbQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Lam 255–270">{{Cite journal|last=Lam|first=Kevin D.|date=2019-07-03|title=Asian American Youth Violence as Genocide: A Critical Appraisal and its Pedagogical Significance|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594|journal=Equity & Excellence in Education|volume=52|issue=2–3|pages=255–270|doi=10.1080/10665684.2019.1672594|s2cid=210506501|issn=1066-5684}}</ref> After Asian Boys Insanity merged with Long Beach Asian Boyz, Asian Boys Insanity formed Monterey Park Asian Boyz sometime the early-1990s. Then later in the mid-1990s, both Asian Boys Insanity and Monterey Park Asian Boyz (MP ABZ) became what is now known as West Side Asian Boyz (WS ABZ).
-On the West Coast, they [[Gangs#Identification|represent]] by [[Gang colors|displaying the color]] blue, similar to the Crips.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=pM_3zER88l4C&pg=PA34&lpg=PA34&dq=asian+boyz+rival+latin&source=bl&ots=wbMDA5XZ11&sig=QmWyhLIj5iYOdteMAb4N6UKZpOM&hl=en&sa=X&ei=4nRSUIbIIpG88wSG34GgBw&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=asian%20boyz%20rival&f=false</ref>
+Another Asian gang that integrated with Long Beach Asian Boyz was called '''Van Nuys''' '''Asian Boys''' or '''Asian Boy Style (ABS)''', which hailed from [[Van Nuys]]. The Asian Boy Style gang was formed in the late 1980s by Sothi "Playa One" Menh, the Mercado brothers, and others.<ref name="Lam" /><ref name="Lam 255–270"/> Asian Boy Style established itself in the Valerio Garden apartments and had members spread out in other parts of Los Angeles County. By the mid-1990s, Van Nuys Asian Boy Style merged with Van Nuys Asian Boyz (a branch of Long Beach Asian Boyz) and became one gang.
-==Locations==
-The Asian Boyz gang was established in [[Los Angeles]] but additional factions exist in states on the East Coast as well. In [[Los Angeles]], some sets are formed with [[Crips]], earning the name ABZ Crips. However, the "'''Apples'''" are spread across the United States, and mainly have chapters in Apple Farms, [[Washington state|Washington]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Rhode Island]], [[Connecticut]], and other states on the east coast of the U.S.<ref>http://www.newstimes.com/news/article/Police-eye-gang-in-killing-240488.php</ref> There have also been "affiliates" found in the state of [[Maine]].<ref>http://www.pressherald.com/news/24-with-gang-links-arrested-in-maine-cities-during-sweep-_2010-08-21.html</ref>
+A notable difference emerged within the Asian Boyz organization, with the S and Z sides sparring.  The S side was composed predominantly of ethnic Vietnamese, whereas, the Z side was composed predominantly of Cambodians.  Most notably, that ethnic difference created a rift from within the organization that remains.
-==Notable crimes==
-===Sothi Menh===
+===Notable crimes===
-In August 1997, the leader of the Asian Boyz [[Van Nuys]] set, Sothi Menh, was arrested in [[Phnom Penh]], [[Cambodia]], and brought back to the United States after fleeing the country in January of that year. He was wanted for committing five gang-related murders in the [[San Fernando Valley]] of [[Los Angeles]] in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/GANG+SUSPECT+RETURNED%3B+MAN+SOUGHT+IN+ASIAN+BOYS+CASE+IN+CUSTODY-a083875296 |title=Gang Suspect Returned; Man Sought In Asian Boys Case In Custody |publisher=Thefreelibrary.com |date=1997-08-02 |accessdate=2011-03-16}}</ref> On September 20, 1998, seven Asian Boyz were charged with seven murders, 18 attempted murders and five instances of conspiracy to commit murder in [[Van Nuys, California|Van Nuys]], California in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/20/news/mn-24877 |title=Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killings |publisher=''[[Los Angeles Times]]''|date=2002-06-27 |accessdate=2011-03-16}}</ref>
+In 1990–1991, Pierre Mercado was responsible for four murders, in an attempt to intimidate other gangs. He fled to the [[Philippines]] and remained there for 11 years until he was [[extradited]] to the United States in 2012.<ref name="huffingtonpost.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/pierre-mercado-convicted_n_1791574.html|title=Pierre Mercado, Asian Boyz LA Gang Member, Convicted Of Four Murders|date=16 August 2012|work=Huffington Post|access-date=16 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821104533/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/pierre-mercado-convicted_n_1791574.html|archive-date=21 August 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In 2013, Mercado was sentenced to 218 years to life in prison.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynews.com/general-news/20120824/former-asian-boyz-gang-leader-gets-218-years|title=Former Asian Boyz gang leader gets 218 years|last=Marcellino|first=Elizabeth|date=May 14, 2013|publisher=[[Los Angeles Daily News]]|access-date=August 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819175010/http://www.dailynews.com/general-news/20120824/former-asian-boyz-gang-leader-gets-218-years|archive-date=August 19, 2013|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
-===Death of Sang Vu===
-Three members of the gang were charged with beating a 15-year-old boy named Sang Vu to death in [[Utica, New York|Utica]], [[New York]] in January 2007.<ref>{{cite web|last=Crossett |first=Nate |url=http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6223611.html |title=Third Asian Boyz Gang Member Pleads Guilty |publisher=Wktv.com |date=2007-03-01 |accessdate=2011-03-16}}</ref>
+In August 1997, the leader of the Asian Boyz Van Nuys set, Sothi Menh, was arrested in [[Phnom Penh|Phnom Penh, Cambodia]] and [[extradition|extradited]] to the United States after fleeing the country in the preceding January. He was wanted for committing five gang-related murders in the [[San Fernando Valley]] in 1995.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/GANG+SUSPECT+RETURNED%3B+MAN+SOUGHT+IN+ASIAN+BOYS+CASE+IN+CUSTODY-a083296 |title=Gang Suspect Returned; Man Sought In Asian Boys Case In Custody |publisher=Thefreelibrary.com |date=2 August 1997 |access-date=16 March 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In September 1998, Asian Boyz members were charged with three murders and five attempted murders.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-sep-20-mn-24877-story.html |title=Asian Boyz Face Group Trial in Spate of Killing |author=Evelyn Larrubia |work=Los Angeles Times |date=20 September 1998 |access-date=16 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125103921/http://articles.latimes.com/1998/sep/20/news/mn-24877 |archive-date=25 January 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
-===Abduction of Vutha Au===
-In the [[Northern California]] city of [[Santa Rosa]], four men were convicted in June 2012, of abducting 24-year-old Vutha Au and driving him near [[Goat Rock Beach]] in coastal [[Sonoma County]], and shooting him nine times resulting in his death, in March 2008. Quentin Russell, who was 24 years old at the time of the shooting, is believed to be the gunman who pulled the trigger ending Au's life, and brothers Sarith Prak and David Prak, and Preston Khaoone, were charged in connection with the murder and abduction of Au. All four defendants were convicted<ref>{{cite web|last=Payne |first=Paul |url=http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20120628/ARTICLES/120629478/0/FRONTPAGE?p=1&tc=pg|title=Jury convicts 4 gang members in Jenner beach slaying|publisher=''[[Press Democrat]]'' |date=2012-06-28 |accessdate=2012-06-29}}</ref> and sentenced to [[life without parole]] on July 27, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://da.sonoma-county.org/content.aspx?sid=1023&id=2591|title=Asian Boyz Gang Members Sentenced to Life without the Possibility of Parole Plus 25 Years to Life for Blind Beach Murder|date=2012-07-27 |accessdate=2012-10-03|publisher=''[[Press Democrat]]''}}</ref>
+In 1996, the parents of three children in south-central [[Kentucky]] were herded into their bathroom and shot in the head. They were found dead hours later along with their 12-year-old daughter, who was also shot in the head yet survived.
-===Pierre Mercado===
-In the 1990's, Pierre Mercado, brother of Marvin Mercado, was responsible for four murders in an attempt to intimidate other gangs. He fled to the [[Philippines]] and remained there for 11 years until he was brought back to the [[United States]] in 2012.<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/16/pierre-mercado-convicted_n_1791574.html</ref>
+The carnage was the work of the “Asian Boyz” gang. The one who pulled the trigger, 17-year-old Sophal Phon, eventually was sentenced to life without the possibility of parole.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-07 |title=Convicted of murdering as teen, Kentucky man seeks parole |url=https://apnews.com/general-news-25336c3ac1154a86acadfa41e2e3bffe |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref>
+On August 12, 2006, a fight broke out between Asian Bloods and ABZ gang members at a house in [[Lowell, Massachusetts]], where a birthday party was being held. Asian Boyz members left the party and allegedly started throwing bottles and other objects. Billeoum Phan, 14, began firing at the Asian Boyz members. One of the shots hit Asian Boyz member Samnang Oth, killing him. Phan was convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to incarceration until the age of 21, with an additional requirement to serve a 5-year probation after his release.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.telegram.com/article/20120212/NEWS/102129742/1116 |title=Teen killers get inconsistent sentences |author1=Mulvihill, Maggie |author2=Favot, Sarah |author3=Berg, Kirsten |work=[[Boston Telegram]] |date=February 12, 2012 |access-date=December 4, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607003806/http://www.telegram.com/article/20120212/NEWS/102129742/1116 |archive-date=June 7, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lowellsun.com/news/ci_11118747?source=rss|title=Lowell murder trial set to begin this week|work=[[Lowell Sun]]|date=December 2, 2008|access-date=December 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630071856/http://www.lowellsun.com/news/ci_11118747?source=rss|archive-date=June 30, 2016|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
+In December 2006, three members of the gang were charged with beating a 15-year-old boy named Chino Vu to death in [[Utica, New York]]. Richie Nguyen, who was 16, was sentenced to 5 to 15 years of prison for [[manslaughter]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Crossett|first=Nate|url=http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6168221.html?m=y|title=Nguyen Pleads Guilty to Manslaughter|publisher=WKTV|year=2007|access-date=August 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223559/http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6168221.html?m=y|archive-date=December 2, 2013|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Crossett |first=Nate |url=http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6223611.html |title=Third Asian Boyz Gang Member Pleads Guilty |publisher=Wktv.com |date=1 March 2007 |access-date=16 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812161831/http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6223611.html |archive-date=12 August 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6973837.html|title=Nguyen Sentenced 5 - 15 Years|publisher=WKTV|date=April 11, 2007|access-date=August 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230010/http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6973837.html|archive-date=December 2, 2013|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Samnang Chou was sentenced to 10 years of prison for second-degree assault.<ref name="laduca" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6484032.html|title=Utica Man Sentenced to 10 Years|publisher=WKTV|date=March 14, 2007|access-date=August 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202232848/http://www.wktv.com/news/local/6484032.html|archive-date=December 2, 2013|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
+In March 2008, four men followed 24-year-old Vutha Au from [[Santa Rosa, California|Santa Rosa]] and stopped at a gas station near [[Jenner, California]], where they fatally shot him in public. Quentin Russell, who was age 24 at the time, was the shooter, and Sarith Prak, David Prak, and Preston Khaoone were charged in connection with the murder. All four defendants were convicted<ref>{{cite web|last=Payne |first=Paul |url=http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20120628/ARTICLES/1209478/0/FRONTPAGE?p=1&tc=pg |title=Jury convicts 4 gang members in Jenner gas station slaying |work=The Press Democrat |date=28 June 2012 |access-date=29 June 2012 }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and sentenced to life without parole on July 27, 2012.<ref>[http://da.sonoma-county.org/content.aspx?sid=103&id=2591 "Asian Boyz Gang Members Sentenced to Life without the Possibility of Parole Plus 25 Years to Life for Blind Gas Station Murder"] {{dead link|date=July 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, ''Press release'', 27 July 2012, by the Office of the District Attorney, Sonoma County. Retrieved August 13, 2013</ref>
+In March 2011, founder Marvin Mercado was sentenced to life imprisonment for his mid 1990s murder of eight people.
+The Reccless Tigers originated in [[Fairfax County, Virginia]] and expanded statewide in 2011 and sold thousands of pounds of marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy and prescription drugs throughout Northern Virginia. The group is affiliated with a California gang called the West Side Asian Boyz and high-ranking members have recently been arrested for murder.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Jouvenal |first1=Justin |last2=Weiner |first2=Rachel |date=2020-08-22 |title=Sweeping probe details ruthless rise of a new gang in D.C.'s suburbs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/reccless-tigers-gang-indictments/2020/08/20/fb3543b8-d8af-11e9-a688-303693fb4b0b_story.html |access-date=2024-02-01 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>
+In December 2018, a high-ranking member named Derek Pires was arrested in Fall River, Massachusetts following a shooting that left no injuries.<ref>{{cite news |last=Burke |first=Amanda |date=December 28, 2018 |title=Member of Asian Boyz street gang arrested in Fall River after shooting |url=https://www.heraldnews.com/news/20181228/member-of-asian-boyz-street-gang-arrested-in-fall-river-after-shooting |access-date=September 5, 2019}}</ref>
+Gang activity involving the ABZ gang and a rival [[Sureno]] gang has occurred in [[Monterey Park, California|Monterey Park]], California, in 2019, although it resulted in no life threatening injuries or death. This set has more Chinese American and Vietnamese members.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gonzales |first=Ruby |title=Monterey Park gambling den targeted in shootout between gang members, police say |url=https://www.pasadenastarnews.com/monterey-park-gambling-den-targeted-in-shootout-between-gang-members-police-say |date=April 25, 2019 |access-date=September 2, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nine Suspected Gang Members Charged After Shooting |url=https://mynewsla.com/crime/2019/04/25/nine-suspected-gang-members-charged-after-shooting/ |date=April 25, 2019 |access-date=September 2, 2020}}</ref>
+== Membership ==
+According to the FBI's 2009 National Gang Threat Assessment, membership is estimated at 5,000-10,000 members. Originally, most members were [[Cambodian Americans|Cambodian]], with a small portion of other Southeast Asian members. In the 1980s, the Asian Boyz expanded across the United States. Many factions remained in [[California]], where they are still concentrated. Other factions spread throughout the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]] and into [[New England]]. Factions have their own regional differences, which may include distinctions in culture, identity, structure and ethnic exclusivity.<ref name="newstimes.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.newstimes.com/news/article/Police-eye-gang-in-killing-240488.php|title=Police eye gang in killing|date=27 January 2005|publisher=NewsTimes|access-date=16 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313001240/http://www.newstimes.com/news/article/Police-eye-gang-in-killing-240488.php|archive-date=13 March 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pressherald.com/news/24-with-gang-links-arrested-in-maine-cities-during-sweep-_2010-08-21.html|title=24 with gang links arrested in Maine cities during sweep|date=21 August 2010|work=The Portland Press Herald / Maine Sunday Telegram|access-date=16 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322080131/http://www.pressherald.com/news/24-with-gang-links-arrested-in-maine-cities-during-sweep-_2010-08-21.html|archive-date=22 March 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
+On the [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]], the Asian Boyz [[gang colors]] are [[blue]] and [[Navy blue|navy]]. These colors are similar to the [[Crips]] who the Asian Boyz learned from and were heavily influenced by. While their speech and mannerisms are similar to those of Crips, they are known to dress in the fashion of West Coast trends, dated to the 1980s and 1990s. Younger members are known to dress along with current fashion trends.
+In the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]] and on the [[East Coast of the United States|East Coast]], along with blue and navy, the gang also dons [[Forest Green (color)|forest green]], [[black]], and [[white]]. Their style of dress leans more towards [[Hip hop fashion|hip-hop casual]]. In the Midwest, members are known to be of [[Hmong Americans|Hmong]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/06/wausau-wisconsin-southeast-asia-hmong/485291/ |title=Becoming Hmong American |last=Xaykaothao |first=Doualy |author-link=Doualy Xaykaothao |work=The Atlantic|access-date=2018-01-25 |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125134655/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/06/wausau-wisconsin-southeast-asia-hmong/485291/ |archive-date=2018-01-25 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Burmese Americans|Burmese]], [[Karen people|Karen]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://projects.buffalonews.com/long-reads/burma/day-five.html|title=It's tough for the teens|last=Zremski|first=Jerry|work=Buffalonews.com|access-date=2018-01-25|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025185950/http://projects.buffalonews.com/long-reads/burma/day-five.html|archive-date=2017-10-25|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Karenni people|Karenni]] descent while on the East Coast, from Virginia to Georgia, there are a lot more members of [[Korean Americans|Korean]] and [[Chinese Americans in New York City|Chinese]] descent. In Utica there are many members of Karen descent, and many [[Cambodian Americans|Cambodians]], [[Vietnamese Americans]], and [[Laotian Americans|Laotians]] in Massachusetts.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/06/nyregion/asian-gangs-new-york-special-report-immigrant-waves-asia-bring-underworld-ashore.html?pagewanted=all|title=Asian Gangs in New York -- A Special Report; Immigrant Waves From Asia Bring an Underworld Ashore|last=KIFNER|first=JOHN|date=January 6, 1991|work=The New York Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125193627/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/06/nyregion/asian-gangs-new-york-special-report-immigrant-waves-asia-bring-underworld-ashore.html?pagewanted=all|archive-date=January 25, 2018|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Asian Boyz [[Criminal tattoo|gang tattoos]] include a dragon head with crystal globes, a symbol of high rank and original Status. Also common are [[Yantra tattooing|Sak Yant]] tattoos that are supposed to offer power, protection, fortune, charisma and other benefits for the bearer.
+Hereafter they are also known to have members in [[Indiana]] Indianapolis and Fort Wayne, [[Minnesota]], [[Omaha]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[Texas]], and [[Massachusetts]] as well as within the [[United States Armed Forces|U.S. Armed Forces]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://nation.time.com/2011/10/27/hail-hail-the-gangs-all-here/|title=Hail, Hail, The Gang's All Here…|last=Thompson|first=Mark|magazine=Time|access-date=2017-07-16|language=en-US|issn=0040-781X|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720022828/http://nation.time.com/2011/10/27/hail-hail-the-gangs-all-here/|archive-date=2014-07-20|url-status=live}}</ref>
+==Rivalries==
+{{Main|Murder of Lea Mek}}
+Many members of the Asian Boyz have been in a long conflict with the [[Wah Ching]] gang. One of the first shootouts between the two gangs occurred in December 1993 in an [[El Monte, California|El Monte]] pool hall. An Asian Boyz gang member, [[Murder of Lea Mek|Lea Mek]], was killed by Wah Ching gang member Chieu Luong Yang.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
+Another shootout between the two gangs that occurred the same year was in [[San Marino, California|San Marino]] that caused the deaths of two youths at a [[San Marino High School]] graduation party in June. After an investigation by the authorities, police claimed that when the Asian Boyz gang members arrived at the party, they noticed that Wah Ching gang members were there, prompting them to leave and return with weapons. At least nine gang members were arrested, and police seized five weapons from homes searched in conjunction with the arrests. The shootouts between the two gangs were called "Summer Madness" by the Asian Boyz gang.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-19-me-28976-story.html |title=Officials Link Gang Rivalry to Party Slayings |date=19 August 1994 |publisher=Viki Torres (LA Times) |access-date=14 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116200854/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-08-19/local/me-28976_1_gang-members |archive-date=16 November 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://www.lapdonline.org/july_2008/news_view/38698|title=Multi Agency Effort to Bring Two Violent Gang members to Justice|publisher=lapdonline.org|access-date=14 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214082124/http://www.lapdonline.org/july_2008/news_view/38698|archive-date=14 February 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 ==References==
-{{Reflist}}
+{{Reflist|30em}}
+{{Crips}}
+{{Organized crime groups in the United States}}
+{{Organized crime groups in Los Angeles}}
+[[Category:Organizations established in the 1990s]]
+[[Category:1990s establishments in California]]
+[[Category:Organizations based in Long Beach, California]]
 [[Category:Asian-American gangs]]
-[[Category:Modern street gangs]]
+[[Category:Street gangs]]
-[[Category:Gangs in Los Angeles, California]]
+[[Category:Crips subgroups]]
-[[Category:Gangs in New York City]]
+[[Category:Gangs in Los Angeles]]
-[[Category:Crips sets]]
 [[Category:Gangs in Massachusetts]]
+[[Category:Gangs in New York (state)]]
+[[Category:Gangs in New Mexico]]
-{{Organized crime groups in New York City}}
+[[Category:Cambodian-American culture]]
-[[da:Asian Boyz]]
+[[Category:Asian-American culture in Los Angeles]]
+[[Category:Filipino-American culture in California]]
-[[ru:Asian Boyz]]
-[[simple:Asian Boyz]]

v t e Organized crime groups in the United States
African-American	31 Gang 39ers gang Bailey Boys Black Disciples Black Guerrilla Family Black Mafia Junior Black Mafia Black Mafia Family Black P. Stone Nation Bloods Black Spades Bloods Black P. Stones Bounty Hunter Watts Bloods Cedar Block Piru Crenshaw Mafia Gangster Bloods Elm Street Piru Fruit Town Piru Mob Piru Nine Trey Gangsters Pirus Sex Money Murder Tree Top Piru United Blood Nation Byrd Gang CBL/BFL Chambers Brothers The Council Crips Grape Street Watts Crips Kelly Park Compton Crips Nutty Blocc Compton Crips Rollin' 30s Harlem Crips Rollin' 60s Neighborhood Crips Rollin' 90s Neighborhood Crips South Side Compton Crips Venice Shoreline Crips D-Block Boys D.C. Blacks The Family Four Corner Hustlers Fruit Belt Gang Gangster Disciples OutLaw Gangster Disciples Hidden Valley Kings KUMI 415 Lenox Street Boys LRGP Lucerne Street Doggz Metz Gang Miami Boys Mickey Cobras Orchard Park Trailblazers Savage Nomads Schuele Boys Somali Outlaws Supreme Team Vice Lord Nation Westmob Young Boys Inc.
East and Southeast Asian	Asian Boyz (Southeast Asian) Bahala Na Gang (Filipino) Born To Kill (Vietnamese) Fullerton Boys (Korean) Menace of Destruction (Hmong) Satanas (Filipino) Tiny Rascal Gang (primarily Cambodian) Tokyo Boyz (Japanese) Yakuza (Japanese)
Chinese and Chinese-American	Bamboo Union Big Circle Gang Black Dragons Chung Ching Yee Flying Dragons Four Seas Gang Fujianese organized crime Snakeheads Ghost Shadows Jackson Street Boys Ping On Tongs Bing Kong Four Brothers Hip Sing Hop Sing On Leong Suey Sing Ying On Triads 14K Sun Yee On Wo Hop To Wah Ching White Tigers
Hispanic and Latin American	10th Street Gang (primarily Hispanic, also African-Americans) 7th Street Gang Almighty Saints (primarily Hispanic, also Whites) Barrio Azteca (Mexican) The Corporation (Cuban) Dominicans Don't Play Fresno Bulldogs (Mexican) Ghetto Brothers Hermanos de Pistoleros Latinos (primarily Mexican) Jheri Curls (Dominican) La Raza Nation (Mexican) Latin Counts (Mexican) Latin Eagles Latin Kings (Mexican / Puerto Rican) Maniac Latin Disciples Marielitos (Cuban) Mexican Mafia Mexikanemi MS-13 (Central American) Ñetas (Puerto Rican) Norteños (Mexican) Nuestra Familia (Mexican) Puro Tango Blast (Mexican) Savage Skulls Los Solidos Spanish Cobras Spanish Gangster Disciples Sureños (Mexican) 18th Street gang 38th Street gang Avenues Azusa 13 Barriox13 Culver City Boys El Monte Flores Florencia 13 Logan Heights Gang OVS Playboys Puente 13 Santa Monica 13 Toonerville Rifa 13 Varrio Nuevo Estrada Venice 13 Vineland Boys Westside Locos White Fence Temple Street Texas Syndicate (primarily Mexican) Tren de Aragua (Venezuelan) Trinitarios (Dominican) Vatos Locos Young Lords
White American	Chicago Gaylords Dead Man Incorporated Dixie Mafia State Line Mob Popes Simon City Royals (primarily White, also Hispanics)
European-American	Albanian mafia Albanian Boys Rudaj Organization Greek mafia Philadelphia Greek Mob Velentzas crime family Polish Mob Russian mafia Serbian mafia
Irish-American	Irish Mob Charlestown Mob Egan's Rats Gustin Gang Hogan Gang K&A Gang Mullen Gang North Side Gang Westies White Hand Gang Winter Hill Gang
Italian and Italian-American	American Mafia Bufalino crime family Buffalo crime family Chicago Outfit Cleveland crime family Colorado crime family D'Aquila crime family Dallas crime family DeCavalcante crime family Detroit Partnership Five Families (New York City) Genna crime family Kansas City crime family Los Angeles crime family Lucchese crime family Milwaukee crime family Morello crime family New Orleans crime family Patriarca crime family Philadelphia crime family Pittsburgh crime family Rochester crime family San Francisco crime family San Jose crime family Seattle crime family St. Louis crime family Trafficante crime family 10th & Oregon Crew Broadway Mob Camorra New York City East Harlem Purple Gang Jousters Murder, Inc. 'Ndrangheta New Springville Boys Sicilian Mafia South Brooklyn Boys Tanglewood Boys
Jewish-American	Jewish Mob Bugs and Meyer Mob Eastman Gang Lenox Avenue Gang Murder, Inc. Odesa mafia The Purple Gang Yiddish Black Hand Zwi Migdal Israeli mafia Abergil crime family New York divorce coercion gang
Polynesian and Native American	The Company Native Mob Red Skin Kingz Sons of Samoa Tongan Crip Gang
West and South Asian	Armenian Power Chaldean mafia Independent Soldiers Israeli mafia Punjabi mafia Turkish mafia VVT (Tamil)
West African	Cape Verdean organized crime Nigerian mafia
Outlaw motorcycle gangs	Bandidos Breed Brother Speed Devils Diciples Diablos Dirty Dozen El Forastero Free Souls Galloping Goose Grim Reapers Gypsy Jokers Hells Angels Red Devils Highwaymen Iron Horsemen Mongols Outlaws Black Pistons Pagans Sons of Satan Sons of Silence Vagos Warlocks (Florida) Warlocks (Pennsylvania)
White supremacist	211 Crew Aryan Brotherhood Aryan Brotherhood of Texas Aryan Circle Aryan Nations Aryan Republican Army Atomwaffen Division Combat 18 The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord European Kindred Hammerskins Keystone United Lynwood Vikings Manson Family Nazi Lowriders The Order Public Enemy No. 1 Soldiers of Aryan Culture Spook Hunters Universal Aryan Brotherhood Volksfront
See also Gangs in the United States List of gangs Organized crime groups in the Americas