Latte: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Beverage made with espresso coffee and milk}} |
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{{for|the type of pillar found in the Marianas Islands|Latte stone}} |
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{{Other uses}} |
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{{Italian cuisine|image=Caffèllatte_as_being_served_at_Kaffebrenneriet_Torshov,_Oslo,_Norway_2_600x600_100KB.jpg}} |
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{{Refimprove|date=December 2024}} |
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{{Use American English|date=December 2024}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}} |
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{{Infobox food |
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| name = Latte |
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| image = Caffe Latte at Pulse Cafe.jpg |
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| image_size = |
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| caption = Latte served with [[microfoam]] [[latte art]] in a South Australian [[Coffeehouse|café]] |
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| alternate_name = Caffè latte, {{lang|it|caffè e latte}}, {{lang|it|caffellatte}}, {{lang|it|caffelatte}} |
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| country = [[Italy]] |
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| region = |
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| creator = |
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| course = |
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| type = [[Milk coffee]] |
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| served = |
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| main_ingredient = [[Espresso]], steamed [[milk]] |
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| variations = [[Caffè mocha|Mocha]] (chocolate-flavored) |
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}} |
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'''Latte''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ɑː|t|eɪ|,_|ˈ|l|æ|t|eɪ}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/latte|title=Latte – Definition of latte by Merriam-Webster|work=merriam-webster.com|access-date=2008-03-17|archive-date=2015-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920005831/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/latte|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/latte|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921105116/https://www.lexico.com/definition/latte|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2020|title=latte – definition of latte in English from the Oxford dictionary|work=oxforddictionaries.com}}</ref> or '''caffè latte''' ({{IPA|it|kafˌfɛ lˈlatte|lang}}),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dizionario.rai.it/poplemma.aspx?lid=65499&r=2469|title=Caffè|publisher=Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia|access-date=2022-01-05|archive-date=2022-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105043736/http://www.dizionario.rai.it/poplemma.aspx?lid=65499&r=2469|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=caff%C3%A8|title=Caffè|publisher=dipionline.it|access-date=2022-01-05|archive-date=2022-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105044644/http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=caff%C3%A8|url-status=live}}</ref> also known as '''{{lang|it|caffè e latte}}''', '''{{lang|it|caffellatte}}''', or '''{{lang|it|caffelatte}}''', is a [[List of coffee drinks|coffee drink]] of [[Italian cuisine|Italian]] origin made with [[espresso]] and steamed [[milk]], traditionally served in a glass. Variants include the chocolate-flavored [[Caffè mocha|mocha]] or replacing the coffee with another beverage base such as [[masala chai]] (spiced Indian tea), [[Mate (drink)|mate]], [[matcha]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fry |first=Phoebe |date=23 February 2023 |title=What's the Difference Between an Espresso, Americano, and More Coffee Drinks? |url=https://www.realsimple.com/types-of-coffee-drinks-7112708 |website=[[Real Simple]]}}</ref> [[turmeric]] or [[rooibos]]; alternatives to milk, such as [[soy milk]], [[coconut milk]], [[almond milk]] or [[oat milk]], are also used. |
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A '''latte''' (shortened form of the Italian '''''caffè latte''''' or '''''caffellatte''''' {{IPA-it|ˌkaffelˈlatte|pron}}, meaning "coffee milk") is a [[coffee]] drink made with [[espresso]] and steamed [[milk]]. When used in [[English language|English]], the word is also sometimes spelled '''latté''' or '''lattè'''—the [[Diacritic|diacritical mark]] being added as a [[Hyperforeignism#Italian words|hyperforeignism]]. |
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Northern [[Europe]] and [[Scandinavia]] have traditionally used the term '[[Café au lait]]' for espresso & milk, although in the [[US]] this term is used for brewed coffee and [[scalded milk]]. In [[France]], 'caffè Latte' is mostly known from American coffee chains; a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a 'latte' is in French called Grand Crème and in German 'Milchkaffee' or 'Melange'. |
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Variants include replacing the coffee with another drink base such as [[masala chai]] (spiced Indian tea), [[Mate (beverage)|mate]] or [[matcha]], and other types of milk like [[soy milk]] are also used. |
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The term {{lang|it|latte}}{{efn|In [[Italian language|Italian]] ''latte'' means {{gloss|milk}}.}} comes from {{lang|it|caffellatte}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/caffellatte/|title=caffellatte in Vocabolario|website=Treccani|access-date=2019-07-12|archive-date=2019-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712153138/http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/caffellatte/|url-status=live}}</ref> or {{lang|it|caffè latte}} (from {{lang|it|caffè e latte}}, {{literally|coffee and milk}}); in [[English orthography]], either or both words sometimes have an [[Accent mark|accent]] on the final ''e'' (a [[hyperforeignism]] in the case of *''latté''). In Northern Europe and Scandinavia, the term {{lang|fr|[[café au lait]]}} has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk. In France, {{lang|fr|cafè latte}} is from the original name of the beverage (caffè latte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a "latte" is in French called {{lang|fr|un crème}} ({{lang|fr|un grand crème}} using cream instead of milk) and in German {{lang|de|Milchkaffee}}. |
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==Origin== |
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[[File:Latte at Doppio Ristretto Chiang Mai 01.jpg|thumb|left|180px|[[Latte Art]]]] |
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Coffee and milk has been part of the European kitchen since the 17th century (there is no mention of milk in coffee pre 1600 in Turkey or in the Arab world). 'Caffèlatte', 'Milchkaffee' and 'Café au lait' are domestic terms of traditional ways of drinking coffee, usually as part of breakfast in the home. Public Cafés in Europe and the US it seems has no mention of the terms until the 20th century, although 'Kapuziner' is mentioned in Austrian coffee houses in Vienna and Trieste in the 2nd half of the 1700s as 'coffee with cream, spices and sugar' (being the origin of the Italian 'cappuccino'). |
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==Definition and etymology== |
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According to the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', the term caffè latte was first used in English in 1867 as caffè latte by [[William Dean Howells]] in his essay "Italian Journeys".<ref>{{cite web| url = http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/00333261?query_type=word&queryword=latte&first=1&max_to_show=10&single=1&sort_type=alpha |title= Latte | edition = new online | work = Oxford English Dictionary | publisher = Oxford University Press |date= |accessdate=2011-11-22}}</ref> Kenneth David maintains that "...breakfast drinks of this kind have existed in Europe for generations, but the (commercial) caffè version of this drink is an American invention".<ref>{{Citation | title = Coffee, A Guide To Buying, Brewing, and Enjoying | first = Kenneth | last = Davids | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=IqJsIcYOPcQC&pg=PA153&lpg=PA153&dq=caffee+latte+berkeley+invented&source=web&ots=EBJjREHjF6&sig=2WhpL_g7xwYEtawGsmp0WDtJXkw&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result#PPA153,M1 | publisher = Google}}.</ref> |
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===Definition=== |
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The French term 'Café au lait' was used in cafés in several countries in western continental Europe from 1900 onwards, while the French themselves started using the term 'café crème' for coffee with milk or cream. |
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[[File:Coffee with milk (563800).jpg|thumb|200px|Preparation of caffè latte]] |
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The Austrian-Hungarian empire (eastern Europe) had its own terminology for the coffees being served in coffee houses, while in German homes it was still called 'milchkaffee'. The Italians used the term 'caffèlatte' domestically, but it is not known from cafès like 'Florian' in Venice or any other coffee houses or places where coffee was served publically. Even when the Italian espresso bar culture bloomed in the years after WW2 both in Italy, and in cities like Vienna and London, 'espresso' and 'cappuccino' are the terms, 'latte' is missing on coffee menus. |
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A caffè latte consists of one or more shots of [[espresso]], served in a glass (or sometimes a cup), into which hot steamed milk is added.<ref name="How to order coffee in Italy">{{Cite news |title=How to order coffee in Italy |url=https://flavorofitaly.com/when-in-rome/travel-tips-when-in-rome/how-to-order-coffee-in-italy/}}</ref> The difference between a caffè latte and a [[cappuccino]] is that the cappuccino is served in a small {{convert|140|mL|usoz|0|abbr=on}} cup with a layer of thick foam on top of the milk, and a caffè latte is served in a larger {{convert|230|mL|usoz|0|abbr=on}} glass (or cup), without the layer of thick foam.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Coffee and why cup size matters] |url=https://longshortlondon.com/coffee-cup-and-why-size-matters/}}</ref> Thus, a caffè latte is much milkier than a cappuccino, resulting in a milder coffee taste. The way the milk is steamed for a caffè latte results in very fine bubbles being incorporated in the hot milk. This [[microfoam]] can be poured in such a way as to form patterns in the white microfoam and brown crema ([[latte art]]). The texture of the microfoam changes the taste and feel of the drink.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Cappuccino vs latte |url=https://www.latteartguide.com/cappuccino-vs-latte/ }}</ref> |
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[[File:Caffe latte (6064969604).jpg|thumb|[[Latte art]]]] |
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In [[Italian language|Italian]] ''latte'' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|ɑː|t|eɪ}}; {{IPA-it|ˈlatte}}) means [[milk]] — so ordering a "latte" in Italy will get the customer a glass of milk.<ref>{{Citation | title = Espresso coffee | author-link = David Schomer | first = David | last = Schomer | edition = second | page = 151 | ISBN = 1-59404-031-1}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msadventuresinitaly.com/blog/2007/07/11/how-to-order-an-italian-coffee-in-italy/ |title=Coffee traditions in Italy |publisher= Ms adventures initaly |date= 2007-07-11 | accessdate= 2011-11-22}}</ref> |
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[[File:Latte at Doppio Ristretto Chiang Mai 01.jpg|thumb|upright|Latte art]] |
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In English-speaking countries 'latte' is shorthand for "''caffelatte''" or "''caffellatte''" ("''caffè e latte''"), which is similar to the [[French language|French]] ''[[café au lait]]'', the [[Spanish language|Spanish]] ''[[café con leche]]'', or the [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] galão. |
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A similar drink is the {{lang|it|[[latte macchiato]]}}, which is also served in a glass, but the espresso is added to the glass after the steamed milk.<ref name="How to order coffee in Italy"/> In Italy, milky coffee drinks such as caffè latte, {{lang|it|latte macchiato}}, and cappuccino are almost always prepared for breakfast only.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Thomson |first=Julie |date=8 August 2017 |title=Never Order A Latte In The Afternoon: The Rules Of Drinking Coffee In Italy |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/italian-coffee-rules_n_598866b9e4b041356ec0f9de |work=[[HuffPost]]}}</ref> |
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While the [[Caffe Mediterraneum]] in [[Berkeley, California]] claims to have ''invented'' the caffèlatte in the 1950s,<ref>{{Citation | url = http://archive.dailycal.org/article/104039/historic_cafe_grounds_for_coffee_and_conversation | quote = ...in the late 1950s that one of the Med's early owners, Lino Meiorin, made the latte a standard coffee drink | title = Caffe Mediterraneum | publisher = Daily cal}}.</ref> it was popularized in [[Seattle, Washington]] in the early 1980s<ref>{{Citation | url = http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=18wwAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ugcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6834,2070573&dq=latte+invented&hl=en | title = Ocala Star-Banner | publisher = Google | date = Jan 4, 1995}}.</ref> and spread more widely in the early 1990s.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/02/garden/americans-wake-up-and-smell-the-coffee.html?scp=1&sq=latte&st=nyt | quote = ...espresso-based drinks with names like caffe latte... | newspaper = The NY Times | title = Americans wake up and smell the coffee | date = 1992-09-02}}.</ref> |
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In the United States, a latte is often heavily sweetened with 3% sugar (or even more). These sweeteners usually come in the form of refined [[White sugar|white sugars]], [[Sugar substitute|artificial sweeteners]] or [[agave syrup]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.starbucks.com/menu/drinks/espresso/caffe-latte|title=Caffè Latte|work=starbucks.com|access-date=2016-08-07|archive-date=2016-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814150529/http://www.starbucks.com/menu/drinks/espresso/caffe-latte|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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In northern Europe and Scandinavia, a similar 'trend' started in the early 1980s as 'Café au lait' became popular again, prepared with espresso and steamed milk. 'Caffè Latte' started replacing this term around 1996-97, but both names exist side by side, more often more similar than different in preparation. |
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===Etymology=== |
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==Spelling variations== |
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{{Refimprove section|date=December 2024}} |
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Coffee menus worldwide use a number of spelling variations for words to indicate coffee and milk, often using incorrect accents or a combination of French and Italian terms. [[Italian language|Italian]] is ''caffe(l)latte'' (the extra ''l'' usually added by Southern Italians), contracted from ''caffè-latte,'' (with a [[grave accent]] over the e), while [[French language|French]] is ''café au lait'' (with an [[acute accent]]); [[Spanish language|Spanish]] is ''café con leche'' and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] is ''café com leite''. Variants such as ''caffé latte,'' ''café latte,'' and ''caffé lattè'' are commonly seen in English. |
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In English-speaking countries, {{lang|it|latte}} is shorthand for {{lang|it|caffellatte}} or {{lang|it|caffè latte}} (from {{lang|it|caffè e latte}}, {{literally|coffee and milk}}), which is similar to the French {{lang|fr|[[café au lait]]}}, the Spanish {{lang|es|[[café con leche]]}}, the Catalan {{lang|ca|cafè amb llet}}, or the Portuguese {{lang|pt|[[galão]]}}.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}} |
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According to the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', the term {{lang|it|caffè e latte}} was first used in English in 1867 by [[William Dean Howells]] in his essay "Italian Journeys",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/00333261?query_type=word&queryword=latte&first=1&max_to_show=10&single=1&sort_type=alpha|title=Latte|edition=new online|work=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2011-11-22}}</ref> but as this preceded the spread of [[espresso machine]]s, this drink would have been "nothing like the lattes found today at specialty coffee shops". |
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==Current use== |
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In Italy, caffelatte is almost always prepared at home, for breakfast only. The coffee is brewed with a stovetop [[Moka pot]] and poured into a cup containing heated milk. (Unlike the international latte drink, the milk in the Italian original is not foamed.) |
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==History== |
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Outside Italy, a caffè latte is typically prepared in a 240 mL (8 oz) glass or cup with one standard shot of [[espresso]] (either single, 30 mL, or double, 60 mL) and filled with steamed milk, with a layer of foamed milk approximately 12 mm (½ inch) thick on the top. A caffè latte may also be served consisting of strong or bold coffee (sometimes espresso) mixed with [[scalded milk]] in approximately a 1:1 ratio.<ref>[http://www.decs.nl/nl/OutOfHome/OverKoffie/KoffievariatiesVanDeWereld/ "Coffee Variations Dictionary" (Dutch) composed by the Dutch coffee branche Douwe Egberts]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> The drink is similar to a [[cappuccino]], the difference being that a cappuccino consists of espresso and steamed milk with a 20 mm (¾ inch) layer of thick milk foam. An Australian/New Zealand variant similar to the latte is the [[flat white]], which is served in a smaller ceramic cup with the micro-foamed milk. In the United States this beverage is sometimes referred to as a wet cappuccino. |
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{{Expand section|date=October 2024}} |
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[[File:Glass of Coffee Latte with Pastry (2).jpg|thumb|Caffè latte]] |
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===Origin=== |
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== Caffè latte vs. latte macchiato == |
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The drink is thought to have "technically originated" in 17th-century Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Deyn |first=Matthew |date=28 June 2022 |title=What is a latte & why is it so popular? |url=https://perfectdailygrind.com/2022/06/what-is-a-latte/ |website=Perfect Daily Grind}}</ref> |
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{{further|Latte macchiato}} |
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[[Image:Latte macchiato with coffee beans.jpg|thumb|left|140px|A glass of latte macchiato]] |
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The modern caffè latte appeared in the 20th century, following the invention of the espresso machine in the 19th century.<ref name="masterclass">{{Cite web |title=Origins of the Latte|url=https://www.masterclass.com/articles/cappuccino-vs-latte#663pjjTHqw21uAVEx4RxuY}}</ref> |
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A caffè latte differs from a [[latte macchiato]] in that in a latte macchiato, espresso is added to milk, rather than the reverse. A caffè latte has a stronger coffee flavor. |
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===Outside Europe=== |
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The latte macchiato is milk steamed to [[microfoam]], served in a glass with a half shot of [[espresso]] poured gently through the foamy top layer, creating a layered drink with a “macchiato” – a spot – of espresso on the top. As with a [[caffè macchiato]], which is espresso with a spot of milk atop, indicating there's a hint of milk underneath the [[espresso]] foam, a latte macchiato is the opposite, to indicate there is espresso in the milk. |
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In the United States, latte was popularized in Seattle, Washington, in the early 1980s.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/02/garden/americans-wake-up-and-smell-the-coffee.html?scp=1&sq=latte&st=nyt|quote=... espresso-based drinks with names like caffe latte ...|newspaper=New York Times|title=Americans wake up and smell the coffee|date=1992-09-02|access-date=2017-02-17|archive-date=2016-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305045644/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/02/garden/americans-wake-up-and-smell-the-coffee.html?scp=1&sq=latte&st=nyt|url-status=live}}.</ref> |
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In South Korea, espresso and its variants (cappuccino, latte, and mocha) became popular in 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seong |first=U-je |date=30 November 2000 |title=젊음의 커피, 에소프레소가 뜬다 |trans-title=Coffee of the young, espresso is rising |url=https://www.sisajournal.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=77887 |website=Sisajournal |language=ko}}</ref> |
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The use of the term ‘macchiato’ has been widened to include a huge array of beverages and ice creams. In some countries (like Germany), latte macchiato is the preferred term. |
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==Politics== |
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Although the term [[caffè macchiato|macchiato]] has been used to describe various types of espresso drinks, a caffè machiatto is 3/4 espresso and 1/4 steamed milk. A caffè machiatto is about 4 ounces and is usually served in a demi tasse. Although a traditional machiatto is small, there are still ways to pour art into the crema of drink. the only difference between pouring latte art and machiatto art is that for a machiatto, the milk has to be poured faster and through a much smaller stream. |
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Calling people "latte drinkers" pejoratively has become a common political attack in some [[Western culture]]s. The popularity of espresso drinking in large cities, especially among more affluent urban populations, has caused some to consider it [[elitist]] behavior. In the United States, conservative political commentators have been known to call their opponents "latte-drinking [[Liberal elite (United States)|liberal elites]]".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/talkingrighthowc00nunb|url-access=registration|title=Talking Right: How Conservatives Turned Liberalism Into a Tax-raising, Latte-drinking, Sushi-eating, Volvo-driving, New York Times-reading, Body-piercing, Hollywood-loving, Left-wing Freak Show |publisher=PublicAffairs|year=2007|access-date=2013-05-28|author=Nunberg, Geoffrey|isbn=978-1-58648-531-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The politics of me|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/18/opinion/the-politics-of-me.html?scp=2&sq=%+drinking%22&st=nyt|quote=...self-indulgent, self-centered, latte-drinking, DKNY-wearing, BMW-driving, inner-child-searching softies.|date=18 August 1996|newspaper=New York Times|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=6 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306123622/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/18/opinion/the-politics-of-me.html?scp=2&sq=%+drinking%22&st=nyt|url-status=live}}.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/09/magazine/the-anti-mall.html?scp=3&sq=&pagewanted=2|title=The anti-mall|quote=... hip-hopping community of MTV-watching, planet-saving, latte-sipping individualists...|date=9 October 1994|newspaper=New York Times|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=13 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135747/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/09/magazine/the-anti-mall.html?scp=3&sq=&pagewanted=2|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/11/us/the-2004-campaign-political-points.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm|quote=...government-expanding, latte-drinking, sushi-eating, Volvo-driving, ''New-York-Times''-reading...|date=11 January 2004|newspaper=New York Times|title=The|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=13 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135237/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/11/us/the-2004-campaign-political-points.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm|url-status=live}}</ref> In Canadian politics, latte drinking is used to portray people as out-of-touch intellectuals and the antithesis of the [[Tim Hortons]] coffee drinker, who is considered representative of an ordinary Canadian.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/1157808--susan-delacourt-on-twitter-or-in-tim-hortons-politicians-need-to-listen|title=On Twitter, or in Tim Hortons, politicians need to listen|first=Susan|last=de la Court|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=6 Apr 2012|access-date=2 September 2017|archive-date=16 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116124233/http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/1157808--susan-delacourt-on-twitter-or-in-tim-hortons-politicians-need-to-listen|url-status=live}}.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/859479|title=Is the U.S. Tea Party movement seeping into Tim Horton's territory, Canada?|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=10 Sep 2010|access-date=2 September 2017|archive-date=16 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116124241/http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/859479|url-status=live}}.</ref> |
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</br> |
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According to a 2018 study, 16% of liberals in the United States prefer lattes, whereas 9% of conservatives and 11% of moderates do.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Mutz|first1=Diana C.|last2=Rao|first2=Jahnavi S.|date=2018|title=The Real Reason Liberals Drink Lattes|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ps-political-science-and-politics/article/real-reason-liberals-drink-lattes/5544153706BEFC44374ECB6BDF5169A8|journal=PS: Political Science & Politics|language=en|volume=51|issue=4|pages=762–767|doi=10.1017/S1049096518000574|s2cid=52042477|issn=1049-0965|access-date=2020-08-09|archive-date=2020-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813092837/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ps-political-science-and-politics/article/real-reason-liberals-drink-lattes/5544153706BEFC44374ECB6BDF5169A8|url-status=live}}</ref> The study states further that the overwhelming majority of people, whether they are liberal, conservative or moderate, express a preference for brewed coffee.<ref name=":0"/> |
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==Serving styles== |
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[[File:Matcha Latte KF.JPG|thumb|A cup of Latte made with Matcha, Called Green Tea Latte. Popular variation of Latte found in Asian Countries]] |
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*In some establishments, lattes are served in a glass on a saucer with a napkin to hold the (sometimes hot) glass. |
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*A latte is sometimes served in a bowl; in Europe, particularly Scandinavia, this is referred to as a [[cafe au lait]]. |
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*Increasingly common in the United States and Europe, [[latte art]] has led to the stylization of coffee making, and the creation of what is now a popular art form. Created by pouring steaming, and mostly frothed, milk into the coffee, that liquid is introduced into the beverage in such a way that patterns are distinguishable on the top of coffee. Popular patterns can include hearts, flowers, trees and other forms of simplistic representations of images and objects. |
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*Iced latte is often served unstirred so that coffee appears to "float" on top of white milk in a glass cup. |
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*The relatively high prices demanded by some establishments have led to the creation of [[ghetto latte]] or bootleg lattes, whereby customers mix their own latte by ordering a lower-priced cup of espresso and then mixing it with milk and other condiments offered for free at the condiments bar.<ref>{{cite news |
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| last = Leroux |
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| first = Charles |
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| title = The bootleg latte: Would you make one? |
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| publisher = Chicago Tribune |
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| date = 5 October 2006 |
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| url = http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/dining/chi-bootleg-latte,0,5331883.story |
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| accessdate = 2008-07-18 }} |
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</ref> |
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*In [[Asia]] and North America, lattes have been combined with Asian teas. Coffee and tea shops now offer hot or iced latte versions of [[masala chai|chai]], [[matcha]], and [[Royal milk tea]]. |
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*Other flavorings can be added to the latte to suit the taste of the drinker. Vanilla, chocolate, and caramel are all popular variants. |
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*In [[South Africa]] a red latte is made with [[rooibos]] tea. |
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==See also== |
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{{Portal|Italy|Drink|Coffee}} |
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* [[List of coffee drinks]] |
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==Notes== |
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==Politics and Reputation of Latte Drinkers== |
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{{Notelist}} |
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The sudden trendiness in the [[United States]] of latte during the early 1990s associated its drinkers with [[Liberal Elite#United States|Liberal Elitists]].<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.amazon.com/Talking-Right-Conservatives-Latte-Drinking-Hollywood-Loving/dp/1586483862 | publisher = Amazon}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | title = The politics of me | url = http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/18/opinion/the-politics-of-me.html?scp=2&sq=%22latte+drinking%22&st=nyt | quote = ...self-indulgent, self-centered, latte-drinking, DKNY-wearing, BMW-driving, inner-child-searching softies. | date = August 18, 1996 | newspaper = The NY Times}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/09/magazine/the-anti-mall.html?scp=3&sq=&pagewanted=2 | title = The anti-mall | quote = ...hip-hopping community of MTV-watching, planet-saving, latte-sipping individualists... | date = October 9, 1994 | newspaper = The NY Times}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/11/us/the-2004-campaign-political-points.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm | quote = ...government-expanding, latte-drinking, sushi-eating, Volvo-driving, New-York-Times-reading... | date = January 11, 2004 | newspaper= The NY Times | title = The 2004 campaign political points}},</ref> |
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==References== |
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In [[Canada]], a latte-drinker is portrayed in political discussions as an out of touch intellectual and the antithesis of the [[Tim Hortons]] coffee drinker that is commonly used as being representative of an ordinary Canadian.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/politics/article/1157808--susan-delacourt-on-twitter-or-in-tim-hortons-politicians-need-to-listen | title = On Twitter, or in Tim Hortons, politicians need to listen | first = Susan | last = de la Court | newspaper = Toronto Star | date = Apr 6, 2012}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.thestar.com/news/canada/article/859479 | title = Is the U.S. Tea Party movement seeping into Tim Horton’s territory, Canada? | newspaper = Toronto Star | date = Sept 10, 2010}}.</ref> |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Sister projects== |
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In Scandinavian politics "the cafe latte segment" is a common, sarcastic term for highly educated, trendy, holier-than-thou voters. |
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{{Commons category}} |
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==See also== |
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{{Subject bar|commons=yes|commons-search=Category:Latte|wikt=yes|wikt-search=latte|b=yes|d=yes|d-search=Q841774}} |
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*[[Galão]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Cuisine of Italy}} |
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{{coffee|nocat=1}} |
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{{Coffee|nocat=1}} |
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{{Coffee in Italy}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Italian |
[[Category:Italian drinks]] |
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[[Category:Coffee drinks]] |
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[[Category:Espresso drinks]] |
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[[Category:Italian words and phrases]] |
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[[de:Milchkaffee]] |
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[[ceb:Caffè latte]] |
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[[cs:Caffe latte]] |
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[[da:Caffe latte]] |
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[[fa:کافه لاته]] |
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[[fr:Latte (café)]] |
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[[ko:카페라테]] |
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[[id:Latte]] |
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[[is:Latte]] |
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[[it:Caffellatte]] |
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[[la:Cafea lactea]] |
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[[ja:カフェ・ラッテ]] |
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[[no:Caffè latte]] |
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[[sk:Caffellatte]] |
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[[sr:Kafe late]] |
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[[sv:Caffelatte]] |
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[[zh-yue:鮮奶咖啡]] |
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[[zh:拿铁咖啡]] |
Latest revision as of 22:46, 24 December 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2024) |
Alternative names | Caffè latte, caffè e latte, caffellatte, caffelatte |
---|---|
Type | Milk coffee |
Place of origin | Italy |
Main ingredients | Espresso, steamed milk |
Variations | Mocha (chocolate-flavored) |
Latte (/ˈlɑːteɪ, ˈlæteɪ/)[1][2] or caffè latte (Italian: [kafˌfɛ lˈlatte]),[3][4] also known as caffè e latte, caffellatte, or caffelatte, is a coffee drink of Italian origin made with espresso and steamed milk, traditionally served in a glass. Variants include the chocolate-flavored mocha or replacing the coffee with another beverage base such as masala chai (spiced Indian tea), mate, matcha,[5] turmeric or rooibos; alternatives to milk, such as soy milk, coconut milk, almond milk or oat milk, are also used.
The term latte[a] comes from caffellatte[6] or caffè latte (from caffè e latte, lit. 'coffee and milk'); in English orthography, either or both words sometimes have an accent on the final e (a hyperforeignism in the case of *latté). In Northern Europe and Scandinavia, the term café au lait has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk. In France, cafè latte is from the original name of the beverage (caffè latte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a "latte" is in French called un crème (un grand crème using cream instead of milk) and in German Milchkaffee.
Definition and etymology
[edit]Definition
[edit]A caffè latte consists of one or more shots of espresso, served in a glass (or sometimes a cup), into which hot steamed milk is added.[7] The difference between a caffè latte and a cappuccino is that the cappuccino is served in a small 140 mL (5 US fl oz) cup with a layer of thick foam on top of the milk, and a caffè latte is served in a larger 230 mL (8 US fl oz) glass (or cup), without the layer of thick foam.[8] Thus, a caffè latte is much milkier than a cappuccino, resulting in a milder coffee taste. The way the milk is steamed for a caffè latte results in very fine bubbles being incorporated in the hot milk. This microfoam can be poured in such a way as to form patterns in the white microfoam and brown crema (latte art). The texture of the microfoam changes the taste and feel of the drink.[9]
A similar drink is the latte macchiato, which is also served in a glass, but the espresso is added to the glass after the steamed milk.[7] In Italy, milky coffee drinks such as caffè latte, latte macchiato, and cappuccino are almost always prepared for breakfast only.[10]
In the United States, a latte is often heavily sweetened with 3% sugar (or even more). These sweeteners usually come in the form of refined white sugars, artificial sweeteners or agave syrup.[11]
Etymology
[edit]This section needs additional citations for verification. (December 2024) |
In English-speaking countries, latte is shorthand for caffellatte or caffè latte (from caffè e latte, lit. 'coffee and milk'), which is similar to the French café au lait, the Spanish café con leche, the Catalan cafè amb llet, or the Portuguese galão.[citation needed]
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term caffè e latte was first used in English in 1867 by William Dean Howells in his essay "Italian Journeys",[12] but as this preceded the spread of espresso machines, this drink would have been "nothing like the lattes found today at specialty coffee shops".
History
[edit]This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2024) |
Origin
[edit]The drink is thought to have "technically originated" in 17th-century Europe.[13]
The modern caffè latte appeared in the 20th century, following the invention of the espresso machine in the 19th century.[14]
Outside Europe
[edit]In the United States, latte was popularized in Seattle, Washington, in the early 1980s.[15]
In South Korea, espresso and its variants (cappuccino, latte, and mocha) became popular in 2000.[16]
Politics
[edit]Calling people "latte drinkers" pejoratively has become a common political attack in some Western cultures. The popularity of espresso drinking in large cities, especially among more affluent urban populations, has caused some to consider it elitist behavior. In the United States, conservative political commentators have been known to call their opponents "latte-drinking liberal elites".[17][18][19][20] In Canadian politics, latte drinking is used to portray people as out-of-touch intellectuals and the antithesis of the Tim Hortons coffee drinker, who is considered representative of an ordinary Canadian.[21][22]
According to a 2018 study, 16% of liberals in the United States prefer lattes, whereas 9% of conservatives and 11% of moderates do.[23] The study states further that the overwhelming majority of people, whether they are liberal, conservative or moderate, express a preference for brewed coffee.[23]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Latte – Definition of latte by Merriam-Webster". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on September 20, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2008.
- ^ "latte – definition of latte in English from the Oxford dictionary". oxforddictionaries.com. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020.
- ^ "Caffè". Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
- ^ "Caffè". dipionline.it. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
- ^ Fry, Phoebe (February 23, 2023). "What's the Difference Between an Espresso, Americano, and More Coffee Drinks?". Real Simple.
- ^ "caffellatte in Vocabolario". Treccani. Archived from the original on July 12, 2019. Retrieved July 12, 2019.
- ^ a b "How to order coffee in Italy".
- ^ "Coffee and why cup size matters]".
- ^ "Cappuccino vs latte".
- ^ Thomson, Julie (August 8, 2017). "Never Order A Latte In The Afternoon: The Rules Of Drinking Coffee In Italy". HuffPost.
- ^ "Caffè Latte". starbucks.com. Archived from the original on August 14, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2016.
- ^ "Latte". Oxford English Dictionary (new online ed.). Oxford University Press. Retrieved November 22, 2011.
- ^ Deyn, Matthew (June 28, 2022). "What is a latte & why is it so popular?". Perfect Daily Grind.
- ^ "Origins of the Latte".
- ^ "Americans wake up and smell the coffee". New York Times. September 2, 1992. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
... espresso-based drinks with names like caffe latte ...
. - ^ Seong, U-je (November 30, 2000). "젊음의 커피, 에소프레소가 뜬다" [Coffee of the young, espresso is rising]. Sisajournal (in Korean).
- ^ Nunberg, Geoffrey (2007). Talking Right: How Conservatives Turned Liberalism Into a Tax-raising, Latte-drinking, Sushi-eating, Volvo-driving, New York Times-reading, Body-piercing, Hollywood-loving, Left-wing Freak Show. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-531-3. Retrieved May 28, 2013.
- ^ "The politics of me". New York Times. August 18, 1996. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
...self-indulgent, self-centered, latte-drinking, DKNY-wearing, BMW-driving, inner-child-searching softies.
. - ^ "The anti-mall". New York Times. October 9, 1994. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
... hip-hopping community of MTV-watching, planet-saving, latte-sipping individualists...
- ^ "The". New York Times. January 11, 2004. Archived from the original on September 13, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
...government-expanding, latte-drinking, sushi-eating, Volvo-driving, New-York-Times-reading...
- ^ de la Court, Susan (April 6, 2012). "On Twitter, or in Tim Hortons, politicians need to listen". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2017..
- ^ "Is the U.S. Tea Party movement seeping into Tim Horton's territory, Canada?". Toronto Star. September 10, 2010. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved September 2, 2017..
- ^ a b Mutz, Diana C.; Rao, Jahnavi S. (2018). "The Real Reason Liberals Drink Lattes". PS: Political Science & Politics. 51 (4): 762–767. doi:10.1017/S1049096518000574. ISSN 1049-0965. S2CID 52042477. Archived from the original on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 9, 2020.