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{{Short description|Tongan philosopher (1934–2010)}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox philosopher
{{Infobox philosopher
|region = [[Western philosophy]]
|region = [[Western philosophy]]
|era = [[20th century philosophy]]
|era = [[20th-century philosophy]]
|color = lightsteelblue
|image =
|image =
|caption =
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|name = {{fakau'a}}Ilaisa Futa-{{fakau'a}}i-Ha{{fakau'a}}angana Helu
|caption =
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|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1934|06|17}}
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|name = {{okina}}Ilaisa Futa-{{okina}}i-Ha{{okina}}angana Helu
⚫
|birth_place = [[Lotofoa]], [[Foa]], Tonga
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|birth_date = {{Birth date|1934|06|17|df=yes}}
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|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|02|02|1934|06|17}}
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|birth_place =
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|death_place =
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|death_date = {{Death date and age|2010|02|02|1934|06|17|df=yes}}
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|death_place =
|school_tradition =
|school_tradition =
|main_interests = [[Political philosophy]], [[Ethics]]
|main_interests = [[Political philosophy]], ethics
|notable_ideas =
|notable_ideas =
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|spouse =
|children = 6
|influences =
|influences =
|influenced =
|influenced =
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|signature_alt =
|signature_alt =
}}
}}
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'''Futa Helu''' (17 June 1934 – 2 February 2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://atenisi.edu.to/latest/latest.html#mate |title={{fakau'a}}Ilaisa Futa-{{fakau'a}}i-Ha{{fakau'a}}angana Helu – 17 June 1934 – 2 February 2010 |work='Atenisi Institute |access-date=3 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701033110/http://www.atenisi.edu.to/latest/latest.html#mate |archive-date=1 July 2010 |df=dmy }}</ref> was a Tongan philosopher, historian, and educator. He studied philosophy under the Australian empiricist [[John Anderson (philosopher)|John Anderson]] and in 1963 launched an educational institute named [[Atenisi Institute|{{fakau'a}}Atenisi]] (Tongan for [[Athens]], to pay homage to the ancient Greek philosophers, [[Heraclitus|Herakleitos]] in particular). The institute began as a continuing education programme for civil servants, then initiated a high school in 1964 and a university in 1975.
[[Image:school-of-`Atenisi.jpg|thumb|400px|A collage of Futa Helu in [[The School of Athens]] made for his 70th birthday. Futa is here portrayed with [[Plato]] and [[Aristotle]].]]
⚫
'''Futa Helu''' (17 June 1934 – 2 February 2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://atenisi.edu.to/latest/latest.html#mate|title=ʻIlaisa Futa-ʻi-Haʻangana Helu — 17 June 1934 – 2 Feb 2010|work='Atenisi Institute|accessdate=3 February 2010}}</ref> was a Tongan [[philosopher]], [[historian]], and [[educator]]. He studied philosophy under the Australian empiricist [[John Anderson (philosopher)|John Anderson]] and in 1963 launched an educational institute named '''{{okina}}Atenisi''' (Tongan for [[Athens]], to pay homage to the ancient Greek philosophers, [[Heraclitus|Herakleitos]] in particular). The institute began as a continuing education programme for civil servants, then initiated a high school in 1964 and a university in 1975.


==Life==
==Life==
Helu was born on 17 June 1934 in the village of [[Lotofoa]] on the island of [[Foa]] in the [[Ha'apai|Ha{{okina}}apai archipelago]] in the (Polynesian) [[Kingdom of Tonga]]. Helu, in fact, is a minor chiefly title, carrying the task of managing both the people and land of the village. In Haʻapai, Futa was a bright, although headstrong, student. In 1947 he was selected to be part of the founding class of the newly established [[Tonga high school]] sited in Tonga's capital, the school being a project of a promising Crown Prince who would accede to the throne as [[Taufa'ahau Tupou IV|Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV]] in 1967.
Helu was born 17 June 1934 in the village of [[Lotofoa]] on the island of [[Foa]] in the [[Ha{{fakau'a}}apai|Ha{{fakau'a}}apai archipelago]] in the ([[Polynesia]]n) [[Kingdom of Tonga]]. Helu, in fact, is a minor chiefly title, carrying the task of managing both the people and land of the village. In Ha{{fakau'a}}apai, Futa was a bright, although headstrong, student. In 1947 he was selected to be part of the founding class of the newly established [[Tonga high school]] sited in Tonga's capital, the school being a project of a promising Crown Prince who would accede to the throne as [[Tāufa{{fakau'a}}āhau Tupou IV]] in 1967.


Helu studied in Australia at [[Newington College]] (1953–1956)<ref>Newington College Register of Past Students 1863-1998 (Syd, 1999) pp 86</ref> and the [[University of Sydney]] (1957–60). At Sydney he focused on philosophy, English literature, mathematics and physics. Back in Tonga in April 1961 he did not become – as one might have expected – a government bureaucrat, but held himself out as tutor to those having trouble keeping up at school. His way of teaching soon became famous, and many Tongans who are now important figures claim he instilled a love of learning that impelled their careers.
Helu studied in Australia at [[Newington College]] (1953–1956)<ref>Newington College Register of Past Students 1863–1998 (Syd, 1999) pp 86</ref> and the [[University of Sydney]] (1957–60). At Sydney he focused on philosophy, English literature, mathematics and physics. Back in Tonga in April 1961 he did not become – as one might have expected – a government bureaucrat, but held himself out as tutor to those having trouble keeping up at school. His way of teaching soon became famous, and many Tongans who are now important figures claim he instilled a love of learning that impelled their careers.


ʻAtenisi Institute was initially a downtown night school providing continuing education for civil servants, evolving into a secondary daytime school in 1964. In 1966 Helu registered ʻAtenisi's high school with the government and at the end of that year leased a {{convert|6.5|ha|acre|sing=on}} parcel in [[Halaano]], a western district in the Tongan capital of [[Nukuʻalofa]]. The parcel is, in fact, below sea level and students often speak of the ''swampus'' instead of the ''campus''. At the end of 1975 a small university joined the high school on the site, its first bachelor of arts degrees being awarded in 1980, followed a few years later by bachelor of science degrees. By the 1990s, some Master of Arts – and even a Ph.D. degree – were awarded in collaboration with universities in Australia and New Zealand.
{{fakau'a}}Atenisi Institute was initially a downtown night school providing continuing education for civil servants, evolving into a daytime secondary school in 1964. In 1966 Helu registered {{fakau'a}}Atenisi's high school with the government and at the end of that year leased a {{convert|6.5|ha|acre|adj=on}} parcel in Tufuenga, a western district in the Tongan capital of [[Nuku{{fakau'a}}alofa]]. The parcel is, in fact, below sea level and students often speak of the ''swampus'' instead of the ''campus''. At the end of 1975 a small university joined the high school on the site, its first Bachelor of Arts degrees being awarded in 1980, followed a few years later by Bachelor of Science degrees. By the 1990s, some Master of Arts degrees – and even a PhD degree – were awarded in collaboration with universities in Australia and New Zealand.


Dr. Helu not only administered his institute but – like [[Thomas Jefferson]] at the University of Virginia in early 19th century America – designed its classrooms, laboratories, and libraries, often in classical style. Whilst small contractors were, of course, employed in ʻAtenisi's construction, in the early days its director was not above roofing a new building after class.
Dr. Helu not only administered his institute but – like [[Thomas Jefferson]] at the University of Virginia in early 19th century America – designed its classrooms, laboratories, and libraries, often in classical style. Whilst small contractors were, of course, employed in {{fakau'a}}Atenisi's construction, in the early days its director was not above roofing a new building after class.


In 1992 Dr. Helu joined Tonga's [[Catholic]] bishop, [[Patelisio P. Fīnau]], and the former president of the [[Free Wesleyan Church]], Dr. [[Sione 'Amanaki Havea]] – in sponsoring a conference advocating Tonga's transition from a feudal to parliamentary monarchy. Not only did the Government resist this call but it punished 'Atenisi for its advocacy by thenceforth refusing to employ its university graduates, a severe penalty in the developing world. The boycott was lifted after the accession of a commoner prime minister in 2006 and the Government's concession to democratic principle.
In 1992 Dr. Helu joined Tonga's [[Catholic]] bishop, [[Patelisio Punou-Ki-Hihifo Finau|Patelisio P. Fīnau]], and the former president of the [[Free Wesleyan Church]], Dr. [[Sione {{fakau'a}}Amanaki Havea]], in sponsoring a conference advocating Tonga's transition from a feudal to parliamentary monarchy. Not only did the Government resist this call but it punished {{fakau'a}}Atenisi for its advocacy by thenceforth refusing to employ its university graduates, a severe penalty in the developing world. The boycott was lifted after the accession of a commoner prime minister in 2006 and the Government's concession to democratic principle.


Until her death in April 2008, Dr. Helu was married to Kaloni Schaaf; the union produced six children and numerous grandchildren. Two daughters have distinguished themselves in the performing arts – [[Sisiʻuno Helu]], founding director of ʻAtenisi's performing arts troupe and orchestra, has staged Tongan [[faiva]] and spirited excerpts from Italian opera on tours of the Pacific and the U.S., [[ʻAtolomake Helu]] has sung soprano in noted international venues, such as Sydney and Auckland Town Halls. A son, [[Niulala Helu]], is a former lecturer in Tongan culture at the [[University of Auckland]].
Until her death in April 2008, Dr. Helu was married to Kaloni Schaaf; the union produced six children and numerous grandchildren. Two daughters have distinguished themselves in the performing arts – [[Sisi{{fakau'a}}uno Helu]], founder of {{fakau'a}}Atenisi's performing arts troupe and orchestra, has staged Tongan [[faiva]] and spirited excerpts from Italian opera on tours of the Pacific, Europe, and the US; {{fakau'a}}Atolomake Helu has sung mezzo-soprano in noted international venues, such as Sydney and Auckland Town Halls. A son, [[Niulala Helu]], is a former lecturer in Tongan culture at the [[University of Auckland]].


Dr. Helu was the author of several books, most importantly two books on Tongan culture, a monograph on Herakleitos, and a collection of essays regarding South Pacific culture. In 1999 the [[University of the South Pacific]] awarded him an [[honorary doctorate]] in literature. The scholar retired as institute director and dean of its university in 2007, replaced in the former post by his daughter Sisiʻuno (in 2008 and currently) and son Niulala (in 2009) ... and in the latter, from 2008-10, by Dr. Michael Horowitz, a U.S. sociologist who served as associate dean in the late '90s. Up until his death Dr. Helu retained the title of Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and Tongan Culture. Current university dean is Dr. 'Opeti Taliai, a Tongan anthropologist who holds an 'Atenisi undergraduate degree and Ph.D. from Massey University, and previously taught linguistics at 'Atenisi.
Dr. Helu was the author of several books, most importantly two books on Tongan culture, a monograph on Herakleitos, and a collection of essays regarding South Pacific culture. In 1999 the [[University of the South Pacific]] awarded him an [[honorary doctorate]] in literature. The scholar retired as institute director and dean of its university in 2007, replaced in the former post by his daughter Sisi{{fakau'a}}uno (in 2008 and from 2010 to 2019) and son Niulala (in 2009) ... and in the latter (from 2008 to 2010 and from 2015) by Dr. Michael Horowitz, a US sociologist who served as associate dean in the late '90s. [[Dr. {{fakau'a}}Opeti Taliai]] – a Tongan anthropologist who holds a PhD from Massey University as well as an {{fakau'a}}Atenisi undergraduate degree – was university dean from 2013 through 2014.


In retirement, Helu remained an authority on Tongan history, tradition, and education, and although not a politician himself, remained an influential voice in Tongan politics due to the vindication of his advocacy of democracy.
In retirement, Helu remained an authority on Tongan history, tradition, and education, and although not a politician himself, remained an influential voice in Tongan politics due to the vindication of his advocacy of democracy. At {{fakau'a}}Atenisi, he retained the title of professor emeritus of Philosophy and Tongan Culture.


The last years of his life were marred by declining physical and foremost mental health as he was suffering from some form of [[Alzheimer's disease]].
The last years of his life were marred by declining physical and mental health, the latter due to Alzheimer's disease.


===Documentary film===
=={{okina}}Atenisi institute==
In August 2012, a documentary on Futa Helu's life and the history of {{fakau'a}}Atenisi was screened at the New Zealand International Film Festival, garnering favourable reviews in the <i>[[New Zealand Herald]]</i> and <i>Overland</i> magazine. The film, ''Tongan Ark'', was written, filmed and directed by Paul Janman, an NZ anthropologist and former {{fakau'a}}Atenisi instructor, who went on to teach screen production at the Auckland University of Technology [AUT].<ref>[https://archive.today/20130413232032/http://www.3news.co.nz/Tongan-Ark-profiles-Futa-Helu-and-the-Atenisi-vision/tabid/1682/articleID/261778/Default.aspx Tongan Ark profiles Futa Helu and the 'Atenisi vision]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.spasifikmag.com/5febtonganark/ |title=NZ Film, Tongan Ark, is selected to screen 'In Competition' at FIFO Pacific International Documentary Film Festival, 11 – 17 February 2013 |access-date=17 February 2013 |archive-date=3 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003023346/http://www.spasifikmag.com/5febtonganark/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pmc.aut.ac.nz/articles/sea-700-tongans-unruly-inspirational-ark |title=At sea with 700 Tongans on an unruly, but inspirational Ark |access-date=17 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003204113/http://www.pmc.aut.ac.nz/articles/sea-700-tongans-unruly-inspirational-ark |archive-date=3 October 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[Image:'Atenisi.jpg|thumb|400px|Aerial photo of the institute and surroundings]]
===High school===
In the 1960s there were not many high schools in Tonga, and the few there were catered to either an economic or academic elite. To fill the gap, ʻAtenisi's high school assumed a populist stance, offering inexpensive and innovative education. Yet academic standards were high – for example, whereas other schools settled for the modest New Zealand syllabus, ʻAtenisi choose the more challenging syllabus of New South Wales, Australia.

The 1970 and ʻ80s were the school's heyday, at one point attracting some 800 students; however, enrollment began to fall in the '90s in the face of diverse competition. By 2005 the situation became so pressing that school fees were no longer sufficient to cover costs. The school was, in fact, forced to close in 2006, but reopened in 2007 under revitalised leadership. Unfortunately this was short-lived. After 2009 it closed for good.

===University===
ʻAtenisi's university is unique in being the only privately founded university in the Pacific, and therefore autonomous from any church or government. This is both an advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage is that the university can freely train critical thought, rather than compel students to conform to bureaucratic obedience or religious dogma. The disadvantage is that the university rarely receives funding from either of the aforementioned source, which has usually condemned it to an austere budget solely supported by modest tuition fees.

Because the university regards method of thought to be its pedagogical priority, philosophy has always been considered its most important course; facility with the English language and appreciation of English literature remains a second key objective. In addition, the university continues to offer core courses in the natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities. Because of its reputation for rigour, most ʻAtenisi students have always found it relatively easy to obtain scholarships to graduate schools in New Zealand, Australia and the U.S.A.

===Performing Arts Foundation===
As part of its arts curriculum, the institute offers courses in music performance, e.g., piano, violin, and voice. Many students also join AFPA: the ʻAtenisi Foundation for the Performing Arts. A small but well-equipped orchestra was established in 2000. AFPA regularly tours overseas performing European classical and operatic excerpts side by side with traditional Tongan music and dance. This cross-cultural approach is typical of the 'Atenisi ethos and is consistent with the Heraclitian sentiment of 'one world, many things, an everlasting fire, common to all'. AFPA has thus astonished audiences from Australasia to Europe and the United States.

===The university's uncertain future===
In the early years of the university, its emphasis on methodology was popular with Tonga's independent farmers: their sons might return to their modest plantations and display classical learning at weekend ''faikava'' (traditional [[kava]] circles). Yet with growing pressure for vocational success among Tonga's urban middle class, only the most talented students remain attracted to ʻAtenisi's classical credo. This has led to a decline in enrollment which, in the face of increasingly more viable tertiary training in Tonga and overseas, threatens the prospects of the small university that Futa Helu built.


==References==
==References==
Line 62: Line 50:


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
*{{okina}}I.F. Helu; Thinking in Tongan society; 1982
*{{fakau'a}}I.F. Helu; Thinking in Tongan society; 1982
*{{okina}}I.F. Helu; Fakahola talanoa: Ko e ngaahi lea ohi; 1985
*{{fakau'a}}I.F. Helu; Fakahola talanoa: Ko e ngaahi lea ohi; 1985
*{{okina}}I.F. Helu; Herakleitos of Ephesos; 1995
*{{fakau'a}}I.F. Helu; Herakleitos of Ephesos; 1995
*{{okina}}I.F. Helu; Critical essays: Cultural perspectives from the Southseas; 1999
*{{fakau'a}}I.F. Helu; Critical essays: Cultural perspectives from the Southseas; 1999
*I. Campbell & E. Coxon (eds); Polynesian paradox: Essays to honour his 70th birthday; 2005
*I. Campbell & E. Coxon (eds); Polynesian paradox: Essays to honour his 70th birthday; 2005


==External links==
==External links==
*http://atenisi.edu.to/ Official website of ʻAtenisi institute
*http://atenisi.edu.to/ Official website of {{fakau'a}}Atenisi institute
*http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/personalities/20090203_tonga_futa-helu_atenisi.shtml obituary
*https://web.archive.org/web/20111130043957/http://www.matangitonga.to/article/tonganews/personalities/20090203_tonga_futa-helu_atenisi.shtml obituary
*[https://www.publicfilms.works/home-creative-documentaries 'Tongan Ark' - documentary film from 2012 on 'Atenisi and Futa Helu's philosophy.]
*Documentary film on ʻAtenisi in production: http://www.publicfilms.co.nz/
*http://histfam.familysearch.org/oralhistories/media/054FutaHeluTonganVersion.pdf biographic interview
*https://web.archive.org/web/20120330202637/http://histfam.familysearch.org/oralhistories/media/054FutaHeluTonganVersion.pdf biographic interview

{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
⚫
| NAME =Helu, Futa
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =17 June 1934
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =2 February 2010
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Helu, Futa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Helu, Futa}}
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Newington College]]
[[Category:People educated at Newington College]]
[[Category:Tongan historians]]
[[Category:Tongan philosophers]]
[[Category:Tongan philosophers]]
[[Category:Education in Tonga]]
[[Category:20th-century Tongan people]]
[[Category:People from Ha'apai]]
[[Category:Tongan schoolteachers]]
[[Category:People from Haʻapai]]
[[Category:University of Sydney alumni]]
[[Category:University of Sydney alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of ʻAtenisi Institute]]

[[to:ʻIlaisa Futa Helu]]

Latest revision as of 07:46, 20 July 2024

ʻIlaisa Futa-ʻi-Haʻangana Helu
Born(1934-06-17)17 June 1934
Lotofoa, Foa, Tonga
Died2 February 2010(2010-02-02) (aged 75)
Children6
Era20th-century philosophy
RegionWestern philosophy
Main interests
Political philosophy, ethics

Futa Helu (17 June 1934 – 2 February 2010)[1] was a Tongan philosopher, historian, and educator. He studied philosophy under the Australian empiricist John Anderson and in 1963 launched an educational institute named ʻAtenisi (Tongan for Athens, to pay homage to the ancient Greek philosophers, Herakleitos in particular). The institute began as a continuing education programme for civil servants, then initiated a high school in 1964 and a university in 1975.

Life

[edit]

Helu was born 17 June 1934 in the village of Lotofoa on the island of Foa in the Haʻapai archipelago in the (Polynesian) Kingdom of Tonga. Helu, in fact, is a minor chiefly title, carrying the task of managing both the people and land of the village. In Haʻapai, Futa was a bright, although headstrong, student. In 1947 he was selected to be part of the founding class of the newly established Tonga high school sited in Tonga's capital, the school being a project of a promising Crown Prince who would accede to the throne as Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV in 1967.

Helu studied in Australia at Newington College (1953–1956)[2] and the University of Sydney (1957–60). At Sydney he focused on philosophy, English literature, mathematics and physics. Back in Tonga in April 1961 he did not become – as one might have expected – a government bureaucrat, but held himself out as tutor to those having trouble keeping up at school. His way of teaching soon became famous, and many Tongans who are now important figures claim he instilled a love of learning that impelled their careers.

ʻAtenisi Institute was initially a downtown night school providing continuing education for civil servants, evolving into a daytime secondary school in 1964. In 1966 Helu registered ʻAtenisi's high school with the government and at the end of that year leased a 6.5-hectare (16-acre) parcel in Tufuenga, a western district in the Tongan capital of Nukuʻalofa. The parcel is, in fact, below sea level and students often speak of the swampus instead of the campus. At the end of 1975 a small university joined the high school on the site, its first Bachelor of Arts degrees being awarded in 1980, followed a few years later by Bachelor of Science degrees. By the 1990s, some Master of Arts degrees – and even a PhD degree – were awarded in collaboration with universities in Australia and New Zealand.

Dr. Helu not only administered his institute but – like Thomas Jefferson at the University of Virginia in early 19th century America – designed its classrooms, laboratories, and libraries, often in classical style. Whilst small contractors were, of course, employed in ʻAtenisi's construction, in the early days its director was not above roofing a new building after class.

In 1992 Dr. Helu joined Tonga's Catholic bishop, Patelisio P. Fīnau, and the former president of the Free Wesleyan Church, Dr. Sione ʻAmanaki Havea, in sponsoring a conference advocating Tonga's transition from a feudal to parliamentary monarchy. Not only did the Government resist this call but it punished ʻAtenisi for its advocacy by thenceforth refusing to employ its university graduates, a severe penalty in the developing world. The boycott was lifted after the accession of a commoner prime minister in 2006 and the Government's concession to democratic principle.

Until her death in April 2008, Dr. Helu was married to Kaloni Schaaf; the union produced six children and numerous grandchildren. Two daughters have distinguished themselves in the performing arts – Sisiʻuno Helu, founder of ʻAtenisi's performing arts troupe and orchestra, has staged Tongan faiva and spirited excerpts from Italian opera on tours of the Pacific, Europe, and the US; ʻAtolomake Helu has sung mezzo-soprano in noted international venues, such as Sydney and Auckland Town Halls. A son, Niulala Helu, is a former lecturer in Tongan culture at the University of Auckland.

Dr. Helu was the author of several books, most importantly two books on Tongan culture, a monograph on Herakleitos, and a collection of essays regarding South Pacific culture. In 1999 the University of the South Pacific awarded him an honorary doctorate in literature. The scholar retired as institute director and dean of its university in 2007, replaced in the former post by his daughter Sisiʻuno (in 2008 and from 2010 to 2019) and son Niulala (in 2009) ... and in the latter (from 2008 to 2010 and from 2015) by Dr. Michael Horowitz, a US sociologist who served as associate dean in the late '90s. Dr. ʻOpeti Taliai – a Tongan anthropologist who holds a PhD from Massey University as well as an ʻAtenisi undergraduate degree – was university dean from 2013 through 2014.

In retirement, Helu remained an authority on Tongan history, tradition, and education, and although not a politician himself, remained an influential voice in Tongan politics due to the vindication of his advocacy of democracy. At ʻAtenisi, he retained the title of professor emeritus of Philosophy and Tongan Culture.

The last years of his life were marred by declining physical and mental health, the latter due to Alzheimer's disease.

Documentary film

[edit]

In August 2012, a documentary on Futa Helu's life and the history of ʻAtenisi was screened at the New Zealand International Film Festival, garnering favourable reviews in the New Zealand Herald and Overland magazine. The film, Tongan Ark, was written, filmed and directed by Paul Janman, an NZ anthropologist and former ʻAtenisi instructor, who went on to teach screen production at the Auckland University of Technology [AUT].[3][4][5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "ʻIlaisa Futa-ʻi-Haʻangana Helu – 17 June 1934 – 2 February 2010". 'Atenisi Institute. Archived from the original on 1 July 2010. Retrieved 3 February 2010.
  2. ^ Newington College Register of Past Students 1863–1998 (Syd, 1999) pp 86
  3. ^ Tongan Ark profiles Futa Helu and the 'Atenisi vision
  4. ^ "NZ Film, Tongan Ark, is selected to screen 'In Competition' at FIFO Pacific International Documentary Film Festival, 11 – 17 February 2013". Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
  5. ^ "At sea with 700 Tongans on an unruly, but inspirational Ark". Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2013.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • ʻI.F. Helu; Thinking in Tongan society; 1982
  • ʻI.F. Helu; Fakahola talanoa: Ko e ngaahi lea ohi; 1985
  • ʻI.F. Helu; Herakleitos of Ephesos; 1995
  • ʻI.F. Helu; Critical essays: Cultural perspectives from the Southseas; 1999
  • I. Campbell & E. Coxon (eds); Polynesian paradox: Essays to honour his 70th birthday; 2005
[edit]
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