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{{refimprove|date=May 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}

{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nileshwaram
| name = Nileshwaram
| native_name = Nileswaram
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| image_skyline =File:Thaliyil.jpg
| nickname = Paithrika Nagari
| image_caption = Thaliyil Shiva Temple
| settlement_type = Municipality town
| nickname = Neeleshwaram
| pushpin_map = India Kerala
| settlement_type = [[Municipalities of Kerala|Municipality]]
| pushpin_map = India Kerala #India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India
| latd = 12.26
| coordinates = {{coord|12.26|N|75.13|E|display=inline,title}}
| latm =
| lats =
| latNS = N
| longd = 75.13
| longm =
| longs =
| longEW = E
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]<ref name="Info" />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kasaragod District|Kasaragod]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kasaragod District|Kasaragod]]<ref name="Info" />
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Hosdurg]]<ref name="Info" />
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| established_date =
| founder =
| founder =
| named_for =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Nileshwar municipality
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 14.14
| area_total_km2 = 26.23
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 58211
| population_total = 39,752
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kudumbashree.org/sub-district/881033/20 |title=Profile - Nileshwar Municipality |website=kudumbashree.org}}</ref>
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_title1 = Official
Line 51: Line 44:
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 671314
| postal_code = 671314<ref name="Info" />
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0467228****
| area_code = 0467
| registration_plate = KL-60
| registration_plate = KL-60
| website =
| website =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Nileshwaram''' ({{Lang-ml|നീലേശ്വരം}}) is a municipality and a town in [[Kasaragod District]] of [[Kerala]] state, [[South India]]. Also spell it as Nileswaram. It is one of the three municipalities of Kasaragod district, the other two being [[Kasaragod Town|Kasaragod]] and [[Kanhangad]]. Nileshwar is the third major town in kasargod district. Nileshwaram lies between two rivers, Nileshwaram and Karyangodu. To the west is the [[Arabian Sea]].


'''Nileshwaram''' or '''Nileshwar''' or '''Neeleswaram''' is a [[Corporations, Municipalities and Taluks of Kerala|municipality]] and a major town in [[Kasaragod District]], state of [[Kerala]], India.<ref name="Info">{{cite web | url=https://pincode.net.in/KERALA/KASARGOD/N/NILESHWAR | title=Nileshwar| website=pincode.net | access-date=24 November 2016 }}</ref><ref name=Kavya>{{cite news | url=http://english.manoramaonline.com/in-depth/kerala-assembly-elections-2016/off-beat/kavya-madhavan-voting-right-kerala-polls.html | title=Who is Kavya Madhavan campaigning for? | date=7 April 2016 | website=Manoramaonline| access-date=24 November 2016 }}</ref> It is one of the three [[List of cities and towns in Kasaragod district|municipalities]] in Kasaragod district; the others are [[Kasaragod Town|Kasaragod]] and [[Kanhangad]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kasargod.nic.in/administration/pangrama.htm | title=There are 38 Grama Panchayats in Kasaragod District | website=kasaragod.nic.in | access-date=24 November 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006142922/http://kasargod.nic.in/administration/pangrama.htm | archive-date=6 October 2014 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Nileshwaram is located on the estuary of [[Kavvayi Backwaters]] and [[Neeleshwaram River]] (also known as '''Thejaswini''' River). Nileshwaram is referred to as the cultural capital of Kasaragod, the northernmost district of Kerala.<ref name="Neeleswaram fete">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/neeleswaram-fete-to-showcase-its-heritage/article2645520.ece | title=Neeleswaram fete to showcase its heritage | author=The Hindu staff reporter | website=The Hindu | date=21 November 2011 | access-date=24 November 2016 }}</ref> "The first Chief Minister of Kerala and communist leader [[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]],[[Kamaran Nair]] had contested elections to the Assembly from the Neeleswaram segment."<ref name="Neeleswaram fete" />
==Etymology==
The name "Nileshwaram" comes from one of the names of [[Shiva|Lord Shiva]], ''Neelakanteshwaran'' ("Blue-necked One"), or from ''Neelakandeswaran'', denoting land of Lord Siva. There is another story that the place was named so after Sage Neela, who installed the deity of Lord Siva thousands of years ago.


==History==
==Arts and culture==
A number of socio-cultural organizations thrive in Nileshwaram. Neeleshwaram is known as the 'Cultural capital of Kasaragod District'. The town is home to folk arts, temple festivals, a palace, ''kavuus'' (sacred grooves), old markets, and a weaver street. Festivals in Nileshwaram are Pooram and Kalasam in Mannampurathukavu, the festival in Thaliyil temple and Thrukarthika and Pooram in Pallikkara Bhagavathi Temple. Porat (ശാലീയ പൊറാട്ട്) in Anjoottabalam Veerarkavu, the Vishukkaliyattam festival in Thattacherry Vadayanthoor Kazhakam, and the Pooram festival in Cheermakkavu attract thousands of people in the month of Meenam. The temple premises are decked with red cloth while devotees offer gifts to the goddess in gratitude and ask for the cure of diseases like [[chicken pox]]. The [[Theyyam]] festival, which is performed in several [[kavu]]s, tharavads, and other sacred buildings attract large numbers of foreigners. Festivities start on Thulam 10 and continue till Idavam. In Nileshwar alone, Theyyam is performed in many different forms, like Padarkulangara Bhagavathi, Padinhare Chamundi, Moovalamkuzhi Chamundi, Kundor Chamundi, Raktha Chamundi, Vishnumoorthi, Palot Daivam, Muchilot Bhagavathi, Vairajathan, Bhairavan, several Bhagavathis, [[Gulikans]] and [[Pottan]] in Aramana house. Artists who lived in Nileshwaram include [[Kanayi Kunhiraman]], [[Kavya Madhavan]] and [[Sanusha]]


==People==
While [[Malayalam]] is the predominant language spoken in this area, other communities such as the [[Gowda Saraswat Brahmins]], who speak [[Konkani language|Konkani]], also live there in large numbers.


==State Government Offices==
* Nileshwaram, Sub Registrar Office
* NILESHWAR MUNCIPAL OFFICE
* DISTRICT MEDICAL OFFICE


Neeleswaram, or Nileswaram, is the abbreviated form of Neelakanteshweram. The  [[Kolathunadu|Kolathiri]]  Dominion  emerged  into  independent 10 principalities in the late medieval period, i.e., [[Kadathanadu]] ([[Vadakara]]), [[Dharmadom|Randathara]] or Poyanad ([[Dharmadom]]), [[Kingdom of Kottayam|Kottayam]] ([[Thalassery]]), Nileshwaram, Iruvazhinadu ([[Panoor (Municipality)|Panoor]]), [[Kurumbranad]] etc., under separate royal chieftains due to the outcome of internal dissensions.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Malabar Manual (Volume-I)|last=Logan|first=William|publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=2010|isbn=9788120604476|location=New Delhi|pages=631–666}}</ref> Many portions of the present-day [[Hosdurg taluk]] (Kanhangad) and [[Vellarikundu]] were parts of the Nileshwaram dynasty, who were relatives to both [[Kolathunadu]] as well as [[Zamorin]] of [[Calicut]], in the early medieval period.<ref name="Neeleswaram fete"/> Nileshwaram was historically the  seat of the Neeleswaram Rajahs, who belonged to the clans of the [[Kolathiri]] and [[Zamorin of Calicut|Zamorins]]. The Nileshwar Rajahs and the Bednore Nayaks battled in this area.
==Famous personalities==
* [[Kavya Madhavan]] - Cine Actress
* [[Sanusha]] -Cine Actress
* [[Kanayi Kunhiraman]] - Sculpture
* [[N.K.Balakrishnan]] - Politician, former minister and M.L.A (Hosdurg and Udma)
* [[Nileshwar Narayan Pai]] - ex-Chairman of Corporation Bank and IDBI
* [[Nileshwar Damodar Prabhu]] - ex-Chairman and Managing Director of Canara Bank
* [[K.P. Satheesh Chandran]] - Politician and Social Activist<ref>http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m615.htm</ref>


The grand finale of the annual temple festival season takes place in this area, which is known for its "[[kavu]]s", or sacred groves. The most famous of the sacred groves is the Mannampurathu Kavu. The town is also known for [[Theyyam]], the ritualistic art forms. Also Nileshwar is the first town in Kerala famous for cultivating 'Chengthengu' (red dwarf coconut).
==Temples in and around Nileshwaram==
There are many temples situated in and around Nileshwaram.


In 1918, the Rajah's High School was established, it was one of the first north Kerala schools of its kind. The school retains a letter written to the students by [[Mahatma Gandhi]] on his way in 1928 to [[Mangalore]]. It was part of a broad appeal for people to rally behind the [[Khilafat Movement|national movement]].
;Thaliyil Shiva Temple (Neelakandeswara Temple)
Believed to be enshrined by Sree Parasurama, the temple played a role in shaping the history of Nileshwaram. This temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Malabar Dewaswom (Governing body of all temples in Malabar) has undertaken this temple.


in 2024, 150 people were injured by fireworks at Theru Anjootambalam Veererkavu temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thesouthfirst.com/kerala/explosion-at-fireworks-storage-unit-in-kasargods-anjoottambalam-veerarkavu-kaliyattam-festival-154-injured/|title=Explosion at fireworks storage unit in Kasargod’s Anjoottambalam Veerarkavu Kaliyattam Festival, 154 injured|publisher=The South First}}</ref>
;Benkana Kavu
The Benkana Kavu is situated in the centre of Nileshwaram. It is the site of the 'kanhiram' tree which attracts thousands of devotees from in and around the [[Kasaragod district]]. Devotees from [[Tulu Nadu]] to the [[Valapattanam River]] give respect to the kavu for its devotional power. The mysterious lamps of the [[kanhiram]] tree are lit on Tuesdays and Fridays after 10:00. Devotees believe the prosperity of the neighbouring district is mainly because of the presence of the god in Benkanakav. The [[Theyyam]] festival is held at the Bengana kavu every second year.


==Administration==
;Sri Vettaykkorumakan Temple
[[File:Local Self Governance in Kasaragod District.svg|300px|thumbnail|Local bodies in Kasaragod district]]
This temple is situated at Padinhattom Kozhuval, The cultural center of Nileshwar. This temple is dedicated to Lord [[Vettakkorumakan]]. Lord ''Sasta'' also worshiped here. This is considered as ancient temple of nileshwar. Lord Vettakkorumakan is the son of Lord Shiva. This temple is related to Thaliyil Shiva Temple and Mannampurath Kavu. During 'Utsav'(Annual Celebration in temple) occasion Lord Shiva will come to see his child. This special occasion is known as 'Koodikazhcha'. In ancient times this temple was with Nileshwar Rajas.
Nileshwar Municipality and surrounding Panchayats are administered by Nileshwar [[Block Panchayat]]. Nileshwaram is politically a part of [[Thrikaripur Assembly constituency]] under Kasaragod Loksabha constituency.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf
|title = Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies
|accessdate = 2008-10-18
|work = Kerala
|publisher = Election Commission of India
|url-status = dead
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090304011026/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf
|archivedate = 2009-03-04
}}</ref>
===Municipal Wards===
Nileshwar Municipality is composed of following 32 wards:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nileshwar.lsgkerala.gov.in/council |title=Council - Nileshwar Municipality |website=lsgkerala.gov.in}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
!width="20px" |Ward no.
!width="80px" |Name
!width="20px" |Ward no.
!width="80px" |Name
|-
| 1
| Padinhatam kozhuval west
| 2
| Padinhatam kozhuval east
|-
| 3
| Kizhakkan kozhuval
| 4
| Palakkat
|-
| 5
| Chirappuram
| 6
| Pattena
|-
| 7
| Suvarnavally
| 8
| Palathadam
|-
| 9
| Palayi
| 10
| Vallikkunnu
|-
| 11
| Chathamathu
| 12
| Poovalamkai
|-
| 13
| Kunhippulikkal
| 14
| Karyamkode
|-
| 15
| Perole
| 16
| Thattachery
|-
| 17
| Pallikkara I
| 18
| Pallikkara II
|-
| 19
| Karuvachery
| 20
| Koyamburam
|-
| 21
| Anachal
| 22
| Kottappuram
|-
| 23
| Kadinhimoola
| 24
| Purathekai
|-
| 25
| Thaikadappuram south
| 26
| Thaikadappuram centre
|-
| 27
| Thaikadappuram north
| 28
| Thaikadappuram sea road
|-
| 29
| Thaikadappuram store
| 30
| Kotrachal
|-
| 31
| Kanichira
| 32
| Nileshwaram Town
|}


==Religion==
;Pallikkara Sree Bhagavathi Temple
Most of the people are [[Hindu]]s, followed by [[Christians]] and [[Islam|Muslims]]. To a lesser extent, there are [[Jainism|Jain]] and [[Buddhism|Buddhists]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nileshwar.com/inside/people.html | title=People of Nileshwar | website=Nileshwar.com | access-date=23 November 2016 }}</ref> The name Nileshwaram is derived from the name of a temple Thaliyil Siva Temple (Neelakanteshwaran), and the culture of the town is based in large part by its temples, like Thaliyil Siva Temple, Mannam Purath Kaavu, Shri Gopalakrishna Temple and Vaikunda Temple.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nileshwar.com/inside/temple.htmll | title=Temple | website=Nileshwar.com | access-date=23 November 2016 }}</ref>
The Pallikkara Bhagavathi temple is one of the important temples in Nileshwar-[[Pallikkara]]. This temple is dedicated to Vanadurga (Sree Parvathi). Vanashasthavu, Ganapathy and Narasimhamoorthi also worshiped here. There are three festivals in this temple per year. The most important one among them is "Karthikolsavam". This festival is celebrated three days in Vrischikam starting from "Thrukarthika" day. The other festivals are Nine days Pooram in Meenam and two days Kaliyattam in the same month."Thidambunritham" is performed in all three days of karthikolsavam and first and last day of pooram. The other Seven days of pooram "Thiruvayudham Ezhunnallath" is performed."Pooram Kuli" is performed in the night and it is very rare in Pooram festivals of North malabar. The last day of karthika and pooram festivals "Kottumpurathulsavam" performed and "Ezhunnallath" come from all sub temples meet Bhagavathi. The theyyams performed in kaliyattam are Vishnumoorhi, Dhandiyanganath Bhagavathi, Padarkulangara Bhagavathi, Rakthachamundi, Cheriya Bhagavathi and Anthiyanangum Bhootham. The sub temples of pallikkara Bhagavathi temple are Kottappuram Vaikunda kshethtram, Kenamangalam kazhakam, Palere keezhil vishnumoorthi kshethram, Kanathadu vishnumoorthi kshethram, Kottilangat Bhagavathi kshethram, Kunhippulikkal vishnumoothi kshethram and Achamthuruthi Balagogulam.
{{clear}}


;Arayakkil Sree Veerabhadraswami temple
This temple is about 1&nbsp;km east of Nileshwar Railway station and 1.5&nbsp;km from the bus stand. The Vaarshikolsavam is conducted every year with ''thidambunritam'' on the second Monday of Vrischikam (at the end of November). The devotees come to pray to the Deity, especially on Mondays. In olden days snake-bitten people came to pray and prepare Bhajana for at least twelve days and performed devotions get relief from the poison. This was the only remedy at that time. People who suffer from fits such as rabies would also pray for relief at this temple. This temple is considered{{By whom|date=October 2009}} as VISHA HAARY. The Bhasma or vibhoothi given from this temple was the medicine. The [[puja (Hinduism)|puja]] in this temple is prepared by the family members of Arayakkil Perikamana Illom, an ancient family that came from [[Badiadka]] 300 years ago. The Naveekarana Kalasam was conducted 9 to 14 February 2003 (1178 Makaram 26 to Kumbham 2nd) by [[Brahmasree Koramangalam Damodaran Nambudiri]]
<gallery>
Image:Vbhadra.jpg|Loard Veerabhadran of Arayakkil Temple
Image:Thdampu2.JPG|Thidampu Nrutham
Image:Thidampu1.JPG|Thidampu Nrutham
</gallery>
.


;Suvarnavalli Vishnu Temple
Suvarnavalli Shri Maha Vishnu Temple, more commonly known as Choornnolli temple, is located in the [[Suvarnavalli]] area of [[Pattena]]. The main deity here is [[Lord Vishnu]]. The temple has attracted a lot of worshippers in recent years. The temple well does not dry up, even on the peak summer days of unusually hot years. The temple opens in the morning and evening for [[puja (Hinduism)|puja]]. The annual festival of Ulsavam includes Thidambu Nrutham and special pujas.


== Transportation ==
;Kadanjathoor Sree Krishna Temple
{{wide image|File:Kottappuram-nileshwaram-walking bridge.jpg|400px|Kottappuram Footbridge, [[Nileshwar]]}}
This temple presents the utmost divinity with its large pond. It isonsidered to be the birthplace of [[Sree Krishna]]. The temple had a rich past before the invasion of [[Tipu Sultan]]. The temple is presently in a poor state due to neglect, but devotees expect the revival of the temple, surpassing all other Krishna temples, mainly because of its rich past.
Nileshwar Town is between [[Kochi]] and [[Panvel]] on the National Highway 66 ( previously NH-17). Private and KSRTC buses provide routes to many cities like [[Ernakulam]], [[Calicut]], [[Mangalore]], [[Mysore]] and [[Bangalore]]. There are rail services at [[Nileshwar railway station]]. There are airports at [[Mangalore]] to the north and [[Kannur]] to the south.


== Image Gallery ==
;Mannanpurathu Kavu (Chathayamangalam Temple)
<Gallery>
Mannampurathu Kavu, also known as Chadayamangalam Baghavathi Temple, is filled with trees in the centre of the town. The temple's history is related to the notorious [[Mannan]] and his assassination by Mannampurath Baghavathi. The temple tells the story of the migration of [[Nair]] families to Nileshwar from the South. They invited a non-vegetarian priestly class to do the rituals of the temple. During the Pooram festival a large number of devotees come to the temble and worship the Thidamp and get the blessings of Kavilamma, Eruvattachan and Mailittachan.
File:Nileshwar Chira.jpg|Kovilakam Chira (Pond)
File:Thali Shiva Temple-Nileshwar-Kasaragod-kerala 10.jpg|Thali Shiva Temple-Nileshwaram
File:Shree Gopalakrishna Deity, Nileshwaram.jpg|Statue of Shri Gopalakrishna in Nileshwaram
File:Railway Station Nileshwar.jpg|Railway Station Nileshwaram
File:Nileshwar palace.jpg|Nileshwaram palace
File:Kottappuram-nileshwaram-house-boat.jpg|A ''[[Kettuvallam]]'' in Nileshwaram backwaters
File:skyline from municipal bus stand raja road.jpg|Nileshwaram bus station
</Gallery>


==See also==
;Anjootambalam Veerkavu
* [[Kanhangad]]
This temple hosts the Movalamkuzhi Chamundi Theyyam, Saliya porat, and Pooram festival. This is the sacred place of the [[Saliya]] caste in and around Nileshwaram. Residents of the temple make cotton clothes.


==References==
;Thattacherry Vadayanthoor Kazhakam Templ
{{reflist}}
This temple is situated behind Nileshwar Railway Station in Thattacherry where the goldsmith community lives. Mathsyavatharam, one of the ten [[Avatar]]s of lord [[Vishnu]], is worshiped here. During the Vishukkaliyattam festival in April (Medam), Palott Daivam theyyam is performed. The ornaments and attire of the theyyam are made of gold and silver.


==Further reading==
;Cheerma Kavu
* {{cite book|last=Bhat|first=N. Shyam|title=South Kanara, 1799-1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&pg=PA57|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-586-9}}
Natives worship Sree Kurumba Bagavathi to cure chicken pox and other communicable diseases.
* {{cite book|last1=Cotton|first1=James Sutherland|last2=Burn|first2=Sir Richard|last3=Meyer|first3=Sir William Stevenson|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_O39DAAAAYAAJ|year=1908|publisher=Clarendon Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_O39DAAAAYAAJ/page/n95 85]|chapter=Nileshwar}}
* {{cite book|last=Lohuizen|first=Jan van|title=The Dutch East India Company and Mysore, 1762–1790|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ck7zCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA30|date=14 November 2014|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-94-017-6846-7|page=30}}


{{Wikivoyage|Nileshwaram}}
;Sree Muthappan Temple Nileshwar
An elder member of the Koroth family regularly visited the place now known as the Muthappan temple. He was a famous scholar and got the title Ezhuthachan for his commendable achievement as a teacher. He drank ''madhu'' (toddy), the liquor fermented from coconut sap, a kind of intoxicating drink. Before drinking his madhu, he poured a few drops of madhu on a nearby jackfruit tree as an offering for the god Muthappan. He regularly repeated the practice. Several years after the death of the scholar the natives experienced serious troubles and called upon an astrologer for assistance. The astrologer revealed that as a result of the regular practice of giving madhu to the tree, the god Muthappan started residing there. After the death of the scholar, he no longer got madhu, and in a fit of pique, began creating disturbances. Then the natives erected a Muthappan temple there. The Koroth family got the right of ''koymma'' (patron) of the temple. The divine jackfruit tree stood in the miidle of the temple since 1993. The growth of the tree demolished the earlier structure. The newly erected temple is situated in the place where the jackfruit tree stood.

;Shaasta Temple
This temple represents [[Sabarimala]], and people who go on pilgrimage to Sabarimala often do rituals here. Like Sabarimala, the temple is located in a dense forest and there is a small stream flowing nearby. Although the temple was consecrated in 2005, an older temple was on the site that had a rich past but fell into neglect over the millennia. This temple has a link with the Saasthamangalam Chathothappan Temple dedicated to [[Shiva]] located nearby.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/nation/south/kerala-goes-vote-actress-kavya-madhavan-trouble-962 |title=Kerala goes to vote, actress Kavya Madhavan in trouble |deadurl=no |accessdate=6 July 2012}}</ref>

;Saasthamangalam Chathothappan Temple
This temple is dedicated to Chathothappan ([[Lord Shiva]]). Although the current temple has only been in existence for about 20 years, the temple has a rich history. The original temple at the site was built 3,000 years ago and the temple fell into disrepair a few times. The temple was destroyed by [[Tipu Sultan]] and all traces were gone for the next 200 years. In the recent past, remains of the old temple including Vigrahams (idols) were found.<ref name="Kavya vote">{{cite web|last=terra|first=Jus|title=Kavya|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/nation/south/kerala-goes-vote-actress-kavya-madhavan-trouble-962|publisher=DC|accessdate=9 May 2012}}</ref>

;Muchilot Bagavathi Temple Puthukai
Muchilot Bagavathi is one of the most popular deities worshipped in northern [[Kerala]]. There is a practice for providing food to thousands of devotees in connection with [[Muchilot Bagavathi]]. A highly decorative figure of Muchilot Bagavathi attracts devotees and people of aesthetic sense. In [[Cherukunnu]] and [[Kannapuram]] Muchilot Bagavathi Theyyam is performed annually. Other places of worship the Muchilot Bagavathi Theyyam is only performed at intervals ranging from several years to twelve years. At [[Kayyur]], near Nileshwaram, the ceremony was performed in January 2008 after an interval of 47 years. [[Ramanthali]], near [[Payyanur]], also hosted the Muchilot Bagavathi Perumkaliyattam in January 2008. The Perumkaliyattam at [[Muyyam]] near [[Taliparamba]] was held in December 2007.

;Pallikkara Sree Kuruvat Chodachan Madam Vettaykkorumakan Temple
Sree Kuruvat Chodachan Madam is dedicated to Lord Vettaykkorumakan and Oorpazhashi Daivam. According to the myth, Vettaykkorumakan and Oorpazhashi Daivam came in this place as nair soldiers. They are guided by Pallikkara Karnamoorthi to Kuruvat Chodachan Valiyaveedu. Vettaykkorumakan daivam placed his sword in Kannikkottil of Kuruvat Chodachan Valiyaveedu. According to his wish the Valiyaveedu is converted to "Madam" and sword as "Prathishta" by Kuruvat Nambiars. The temple is owned by Kuruvat Nambiar Family, who are the most ancient Nair family in North Malabar. This temple is managed by "Kuruvat Achan" also known as "Kuruvat Valiya Kurup" in Nileshwar. The family take decisions from this temple while taking other positions assigned for Kuruvat tharavadu by Chirakkal and Nileshwaram Rajahs like Thaliyil Kodimarathin Keezhil Karyam Parayunnavar in Thaliyil Temple, Kottathu mathilakath swaroopakaryam parayunnavar in Kottam Vettaykkorumakan Temple, Elayadath Karyampara Avakashi and Kuruvat Menokki Nair in Kammadam Bhagavathi Temple. The annual festivals in this temple are "Puthari Kaliyattam" in Vrishchikam and "Ayillyam" in Makaram. The main festival "Thira Kaliyattam" performs in each five years. In puthari kaliyattam the vellattam of "Oorpazhashi daivam" performed several days. Vettaykkorumakan, Oorpazhashi, Valooran daivam, Kannikkkorumakan, Vishnumoorthi,Angakkulangara Bhagavathi, Raktha Chamundi, Puliyoor Kali, Pulikkandan, Veerar Daivangal, Gulikan, Nagarajavu,Nagayakshi and Vanadevathas are worshiped here.

;Cheranathala Sree Vishnumoorthi temple
Cheranathala Sree Vishnumoorthi temple is one of the most popular temple in Nileshwar. Kaliyattam (Theyyam kettu) is performed annually.

;Naramkulangara Sree Mahavishnu Temple

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
{{commons category}}
{{commons category}}
*[[Kasaragod District]]
*[[Hosdurg Taluk]]
*[[Kolathiri]]
*[[Kanhangad]]
*[[Sree Muthappan Temple Nileshwar]]
*[[Chirakkal Raja]]


{{Kasaragod District Municipalities}}
{{Kasaragod District Municipalities}}
{{Kasaragod District}}
{{Municipalities of Kerala}}
{{Municipalities of Kerala}}
{{Kerala}}
{{Tourism in India}}
{{North Malabar}}


[[Category:Nileshwaram area]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Kasaragod district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Kasaragod district]]

[[ml:നീലേശ്വരം]]

Latest revision as of 09:16, 25 November 2024

Nileshwaram
Municipality
Thaliyil Shiva Temple
Thaliyil Shiva Temple
Nickname: 
Neeleshwaram
Nileshwaram is located in Kerala
Nileshwaram
Nileshwaram
Location in Kerala, India
Nileshwaram is located in India
Nileshwaram
Nileshwaram
Nileshwaram (India)
Coordinates: 12°16′N 75°08′E / 12.26°N 75.13°E / 12.26; 75.13
Country India
StateKerala[1]
DistrictKasaragod[1]
TalukHosdurg[1]
Government
 • BodyNileshwar municipality
Area
 • Total
26.23 km2 (10.13 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total
39,752
 • Density1,500/km2 (3,900/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialMalayalam
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
671314[1]
Telephone code0467
Vehicle registrationKL-60

Nileshwaram or Nileshwar or Neeleswaram is a municipality and a major town in Kasaragod District, state of Kerala, India.[1][3] It is one of the three municipalities in Kasaragod district; the others are Kasaragod and Kanhangad.[4] Nileshwaram is located on the estuary of Kavvayi Backwaters and Neeleshwaram River (also known as Thejaswini River). Nileshwaram is referred to as the cultural capital of Kasaragod, the northernmost district of Kerala.[5] "The first Chief Minister of Kerala and communist leader E. M. S. Namboodiripad,Kamaran Nair had contested elections to the Assembly from the Neeleswaram segment."[5]

History

[edit]

Neeleswaram, or Nileswaram, is the abbreviated form of Neelakanteshweram. The  Kolathiri  Dominion  emerged  into  independent 10 principalities in the late medieval period, i.e., Kadathanadu (Vadakara), Randathara or Poyanad (Dharmadom), Kottayam (Thalassery), Nileshwaram, Iruvazhinadu (Panoor), Kurumbranad etc., under separate royal chieftains due to the outcome of internal dissensions.[6] Many portions of the present-day Hosdurg taluk (Kanhangad) and Vellarikundu were parts of the Nileshwaram dynasty, who were relatives to both Kolathunadu as well as Zamorin of Calicut, in the early medieval period.[5] Nileshwaram was historically the  seat of the Neeleswaram Rajahs, who belonged to the clans of the Kolathiri and Zamorins. The Nileshwar Rajahs and the Bednore Nayaks battled in this area.

The grand finale of the annual temple festival season takes place in this area, which is known for its "kavus", or sacred groves. The most famous of the sacred groves is the Mannampurathu Kavu. The town is also known for Theyyam, the ritualistic art forms. Also Nileshwar is the first town in Kerala famous for cultivating 'Chengthengu' (red dwarf coconut).

In 1918, the Rajah's High School was established, it was one of the first north Kerala schools of its kind. The school retains a letter written to the students by Mahatma Gandhi on his way in 1928 to Mangalore. It was part of a broad appeal for people to rally behind the national movement.

in 2024, 150 people were injured by fireworks at Theru Anjootambalam Veererkavu temple.[7]

Administration

[edit]
Local bodies in Kasaragod district

Nileshwar Municipality and surrounding Panchayats are administered by Nileshwar Block Panchayat. Nileshwaram is politically a part of Thrikaripur Assembly constituency under Kasaragod Loksabha constituency.[8]

Municipal Wards

[edit]

Nileshwar Municipality is composed of following 32 wards:[9]

Ward no. Name Ward no. Name
1 Padinhatam kozhuval west 2 Padinhatam kozhuval east
3 Kizhakkan kozhuval 4 Palakkat
5 Chirappuram 6 Pattena
7 Suvarnavally 8 Palathadam
9 Palayi 10 Vallikkunnu
11 Chathamathu 12 Poovalamkai
13 Kunhippulikkal 14 Karyamkode
15 Perole 16 Thattachery
17 Pallikkara I 18 Pallikkara II
19 Karuvachery 20 Koyamburam
21 Anachal 22 Kottappuram
23 Kadinhimoola 24 Purathekai
25 Thaikadappuram south 26 Thaikadappuram centre
27 Thaikadappuram north 28 Thaikadappuram sea road
29 Thaikadappuram store 30 Kotrachal
31 Kanichira 32 Nileshwaram Town

Religion

[edit]

Most of the people are Hindus, followed by Christians and Muslims. To a lesser extent, there are Jain and Buddhists.[10] The name Nileshwaram is derived from the name of a temple Thaliyil Siva Temple (Neelakanteshwaran), and the culture of the town is based in large part by its temples, like Thaliyil Siva Temple, Mannam Purath Kaavu, Shri Gopalakrishna Temple and Vaikunda Temple.[11]


Transportation

[edit]
Kottappuram Footbridge, Nileshwar

Nileshwar Town is between Kochi and Panvel on the National Highway 66 ( previously NH-17). Private and KSRTC buses provide routes to many cities like Ernakulam, Calicut, Mangalore, Mysore and Bangalore. There are rail services at Nileshwar railway station. There are airports at Mangalore to the north and Kannur to the south.

[edit]
  • Kovilakam Chira (Pond)
    Kovilakam Chira (Pond)
  • Thali Shiva Temple-Nileshwaram
    Thali Shiva Temple-Nileshwaram
  • Statue of Shri Gopalakrishna in Nileshwaram
    Statue of Shri Gopalakrishna in Nileshwaram
  • Railway Station Nileshwaram
    Railway Station Nileshwaram
  • Nileshwaram palace
    Nileshwaram palace
  • A Kettuvallam in Nileshwaram backwaters
    A Kettuvallam in Nileshwaram backwaters
  • Nileshwaram bus station
    Nileshwaram bus station

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e "Nileshwar". pincode.net. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  2. ^ "Profile - Nileshwar Municipality". kudumbashree.org.
  3. ^ "Who is Kavya Madhavan campaigning for?". Manoramaonline. 7 April 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  4. ^ "There are 38 Grama Panchayats in Kasaragod District". kasaragod.nic.in. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  5. ^ a b c The Hindu staff reporter (21 November 2011). "Neeleswaram fete to showcase its heritage". The Hindu. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  6. ^ Logan, William (2010). Malabar Manual (Volume-I). New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. pp. 631–666. ISBN 9788120604476.
  7. ^ "Explosion at fireworks storage unit in Kasargod's Anjoottambalam Veerarkavu Kaliyattam Festival, 154 injured". The South First.
  8. ^ "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies" (PDF). Kerala. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 18 October 2008.
  9. ^ "Council - Nileshwar Municipality". lsgkerala.gov.in.
  10. ^ "People of Nileshwar". Nileshwar.com. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  11. ^ "Temple". Nileshwar.com. Retrieved 23 November 2016.

Further reading

[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nileshwaram.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nileshwaram.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Nileshwaram&oldid=1259467057"