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{{Short description|Class of enzymes}}
{{Infobox enzyme
{{Infobox enzyme
| Name = Chlorophyllide-a oxygenase
| Name = Chlorophyllide-a oxygenase
| EC_number = 1.13.12.14
| EC_number = 1.14.13.122
| CAS_number = 216503-73-0
| CAS_number = 216503-73-0
| GO_code =
| IUBMB_EC_number = 1/13/12/14
| GO_code =
| image =
| image =
| width =
| width =
| caption =
| caption =
}}
}}
'''Chlorophyllide-a oxygenase''' ({{EC number|1.13.12.14}}, ''chlorophyllide a oxygenase'', ''cholorophyll-b synthase'', ''CAO'') is an [[enzyme]] with system name ''chlorophyllide-a:oxygen 7-oxidoreductase''.<ref>{{cite journal | title = The <em>AtCAO</em> gene, encoding chlorophyll <em>a</em> oxygenase, is required for chlorophyll <em>b</em> synthesis in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> |author = Espineda, C.E., Linford, A.S., Devine, D. and Brusslan, J.A. |journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA |date = 1999 |volume = 96 |pages = 10507-10511 |pmid = 10468639}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll <em>b</em> biosynthesis (CAO) from <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> |author = Oster, U., Tanaka, R., Tanaka, A. and R&uuml;diger, W. |journal = Plant J. |date = 2000 |volume = 21 |pages = 305-310 |pmid = 10758481}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = Synthesis of chlorophyll <em>b</em>: localization of chlorophyllide <em>a</em> oxygenase and discovery of a stable radical in the catalytic subunit |author = Eggink, L.L., LoBrutto, R., Brune, D.C., Brusslan, J., Yamasato, A., Tanaka, A. and Hoober, J.K. |journal = BMC Plant Biol. |date = 2004 |volume = 4 |pages = 5-5 |pmid = 15086960}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = The derivation of the formyl-group oxygen of chlorophyll <em>b</em> in higher plants from molecular oxygen. Achievement of high enrichment of the 7-formyl-group oxygen from <small><sup>18</sup></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> in greening maize leaves |author = Porra, R.J., Schafer, W., Cmiel, E., Katheder, I. and Scheer, H. |journal = Eur. J. Biochem. |date = 1994 |volume = 219 |pages = 671-679 |pmid = 8307032}}</ref> This enzyme [[catalysis|catalyses]] the following [[chemical reaction]]
'''Chlorophyllide-a oxygenase''' ({{EC number|1.14.13.122}}), ''chlorophyllide a oxygenase'', ''chlorophyll-b synthase'', ''CAO'') is an [[enzyme]] with [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] ''chlorophyllide-a:oxygen 7-oxidoreductase''.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Espineda CE, Linford AS, Devine D, Brusslan JA | title = The AtCAO gene, encoding chlorophyll a oxygenase, is required for chlorophyll b synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 96 | issue = 18 | pages = 10507–11 | date = August 1999 | pmid = 10468639 | pmc = 17919 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.96.18.10507 | bibcode = 1999PNAS...9610507E | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Oster U, Tanaka R, Tanaka A, Rüdiger W | title = Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll b biosynthesis (CAO) from Arabidopsis thaliana | journal = The Plant Journal | volume = 21 | issue = 3 | pages = 305–10 | date = February 2000 | pmid = 10758481 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00672.x | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Eggink LL, LoBrutto R, Brune DC, Brusslan J, Yamasato A, Tanaka A, Hoober JK | title = Synthesis of chlorophyll b: localization of chlorophyllide a oxygenase and discovery of a stable radical in the catalytic subunit | journal = BMC Plant Biology | volume = 4 | pages = 5 | date = April 2004 | pmid = 15086960 | pmc = 406501 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2229-4-5 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Porra RJ, Schäfer W, Cmiel E, Katheder I, Scheer H | title = The derivation of the formyl-group oxygen of chlorophyll b in higher plants from molecular oxygen. Achievement of high enrichment of the 7-formyl-group oxygen from 18O2 in greening maize leaves | journal = European Journal of Biochemistry | volume = 219 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 671–9 | date = January 1994 | pmid = 8307032 | doi = 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19983.x | url = https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2482/1/244.pdf | doi-access = free }}</ref> This enzyme [[catalysis|catalyses]] the following [[chemical reaction]]s


: (1) [[chlorophyllide a]] + O<sub>2</sub> + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H<sub>2</sub>O + NADP<sup>+</sup>
: (1) [[chlorophyllide|chlorophyllide ''a'']] + O<sub>2</sub> + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H<sub>2</sub>O + NADP<sup>+</sup>
: (2) 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O<sub>2</sub> + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> [[chlorophyllide b]] + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O + NADP<sup>+</sup>
: (2) 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O<sub>2</sub> + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> [[chlorophyllide|chlorophyllide ''b'']] + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O + NADP<sup>+</sup>


[[File:C-3 position Chlorophyll a.svg|thumb|left|class=skin-invert-image|Chlorophyllide ''a'', (R=H) is converted to chlorophyllide ''b'', in which the [[methyl group]] show in the green box is oxidised to a [[Aldehyde|formyl group]].]]
This enzyme contains a mononuclear iron centre.
This enzyme contains a mononuclear iron centre and is part of the [[biosynthetic pathway]] to [[chlorophyll]]s.<ref name="Review" >{{cite journal |title=Biosynthesis of chlorophylls from protoporphyrin IX |last =Willows | first =Robert D. | journal =Natural Product Reports | year =2003 | volume = 20 |issue = 6 | pages =327–341 |doi=10.1039/B110549N |pmid=12828371}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s11120-006-9076-6 |title=Recent advances in chlorophyll biosynthesis |year=2007 |last1=Bollivar |first1=David W. |journal=Photosynthesis Research |volume=90 |issue=2 |pages=173–194 |pmid=17370354 |s2cid=23808539 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Chlorophyllide|Biosynthesis of chlorophylls]]


== References ==
== References ==
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* {{MeshName|Chlorophyllide-a+oxygenase}}
* {{MeshName|Chlorophyllide-a+oxygenase}}


{{Dioxygenases}}
⚫
[[Category:EC 1.13.12]]
{{Enzymes}}
{{Portal bar|Biology|border=no}}

⚫
[[Category:EC 1.14.13]]

Latest revision as of 22:47, 16 September 2024

Chlorophyllide-a oxygenase
Identifiers
EC no.1.14.13.122
CAS no.216503-73-0
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Chlorophyllide-a oxygenase (EC 1.14.13.122), chlorophyllide a oxygenase, chlorophyll-b synthase, CAO) is an enzyme with systematic name chlorophyllide-a:oxygen 7-oxidoreductase.[1][2][3][4] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reactions

(1) chlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H2O + NADP+
(2) 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ chlorophyllide b + 2 H2O + NADP+
Chlorophyllide a, (R=H) is converted to chlorophyllide b, in which the methyl group show in the green box is oxidised to a formyl group.

This enzyme contains a mononuclear iron centre and is part of the biosynthetic pathway to chlorophylls.[5][6]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Espineda CE, Linford AS, Devine D, Brusslan JA (August 1999). "The AtCAO gene, encoding chlorophyll a oxygenase, is required for chlorophyll b synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (18): 10507–11. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9610507E. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10507. PMC 17919. PMID 10468639.
  2. ^ Oster U, Tanaka R, Tanaka A, Rüdiger W (February 2000). "Cloning and functional expression of the gene encoding the key enzyme for chlorophyll b biosynthesis (CAO) from Arabidopsis thaliana". The Plant Journal. 21 (3): 305–10. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00672.x. PMID 10758481.
  3. ^ Eggink LL, LoBrutto R, Brune DC, Brusslan J, Yamasato A, Tanaka A, Hoober JK (April 2004). "Synthesis of chlorophyll b: localization of chlorophyllide a oxygenase and discovery of a stable radical in the catalytic subunit". BMC Plant Biology. 4: 5. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-4-5. PMC 406501. PMID 15086960.
  4. ^ Porra RJ, Schäfer W, Cmiel E, Katheder I, Scheer H (January 1994). "The derivation of the formyl-group oxygen of chlorophyll b in higher plants from molecular oxygen. Achievement of high enrichment of the 7-formyl-group oxygen from 18O2 in greening maize leaves" (PDF). European Journal of Biochemistry. 219 (1–2): 671–9. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19983.x. PMID 8307032.
  5. ^ Willows, Robert D. (2003). "Biosynthesis of chlorophylls from protoporphyrin IX". Natural Product Reports. 20 (6): 327–341. doi:10.1039/B110549N. PMID 12828371.
  6. ^ Bollivar, David W. (2007). "Recent advances in chlorophyll biosynthesis". Photosynthesis Research. 90 (2): 173–194. doi:10.1007/s11120-006-9076-6. PMID 17370354. S2CID 23808539.
[edit]
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