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Jan Hřímalý (Russian: Иван Войцехович Гржимали, also Ivan Voitsekhovich Grzhimali; 13 April 1844 – 24 January [O.S. 11 January] 1915^[1]^[2]^[3]) was an influential Czech violinist and teacher, who was associated with the Moscow Conservatory for 46 years in 1869–1915.

Biography

Hřímalý was born in Plzeň, Bohemia (then part of the Austrian Empire), the second son of the organist and composer Vojtěch Hřímalý (1809–1880),^[1] and a member of a notable Czech musical family.^[4] He was taught by his older brother Vojtěch Hřímalý jr., and by Moritz Mildner. Hřímalý studied violin at the Prague Conservatory (1855–1861), and went on to become leader of the Amsterdam Orchestra (1862–1868).^[1] In 1869 he was appointed violin teacher at the Moscow Conservatory. He succeeded Ferdinand Laub as professor of violin studies 1874–1915.^[5] He was leader of the Russian Musical Society Orchestra in Moscow from 1874 until 1906.^[1]

He was acquainted with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, who held him in high regard. He co-premiered Tchaikovsky's String Quartets Nos. 2 (1874) and 3 (1876). In March 1882, he appeared in the first performance (private) of Tchaikovsky's Piano Trio in A minor and may have also appeared in the public premiere in October, although this is not certain.

He made a very early recording on wax cylinders of the Piano Trio No. 1 in D minor by Anton Arensky, with the composer at the piano and the cellist Anatoliy Brandukov. This recording was made shortly after its composition and is almost certainly its first recording, although it is not complete.^[6]^[7]

He was considered an outstanding teacher.^[8] His students included Iosif Kotek, Reinhold Glière,^[4] who dedicated his Octet for Strings, Op. 5, to his teacher;^[9] Paul Juon;^[10] Vladimir Bakaleinikov; Arcady Dubensky;^[11] Stanisław Barcewicz, Pyotr Stolyarsky (the teacher of David Oistrakh, Nathan Milstein, and many others);^[12] Nikolai Roslavets;^[13] Konstantin Saradzhev;^[14] Alexander Petschnikoff,^[15] Mikhail Press, Alexander Schmuller;^[16] and possibly Mitrofan Vasiliev, the first violin teacher of Jean Sibelius.^[17] See: List of music students by teacher: G to J#Jan Hřímalý.

He published a number of technical exercises and studies, some of which were valued by Jascha Heifetz,^[18] and he died in Moscow in 1915.

All his siblings were musically talented. Together with his brothers, Vojtěch (1842–1908), Jan Bartulomeus Čestmír (1844–1915), and Bohuslav Ferdinand Wenzl (1848–1894), they started the first string quartet in Bohemia. His sisters, Maria Regina (1839–1924) and Anna Jana (1840–1897) were renowned singers in Salzburg, Austria.^[19]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Tchaikovsky Research". Tchaikovsky Research. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
^ "Index des Trios". Altenbergtrio.at. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ The death date of 1 March 1915 also appears in the literature, e.g. Grove's Dictionary, 5th ed., 1954
^ ^a ^b Greene, David Mason; Green, Constance (25 September 2007). David Mason Greene, Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers. ISBN 9780385142786.
^ "Violinist composers". Users.globalnet.co.uk. 6 February 2000. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ Daniel J. Wakin (2 November 2008). "New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ "The Dawn of Recording". Marstonrecords.com. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed., 1954
^ "Edition Silvertrust". Edition Silvertrust. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ "Swiss Violin Concertos". Swissinfo.ch. 19 June 2003. Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ The New York Public Library (27 December 2011). "The New York Public Library". Nypl.org. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ Tarr, Edward H. (2003). Edward H. Tarr, East Meets West. ISBN 9781576470282.
^ "Описание CD". Mymusicbase.ru. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ "(True) Synesthete Composers and Musicians". Home.comcast.net. Archived from the original on 15 February 2004. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ Lahee, Henry Charles (1906). Famous Violinists of To-day and Yesterday. L.C. Page. p. 296.
^ "Famous Musicians of a Wandering Race". Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ Jean Sibelius. "The Wegelius Institute". Johnkinsella.net. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ "Chicago School of Violin Making". Maestronet.com. 12 October 2008. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
^ Genealogy by Åke Backström, Sydney, genealogia.fi

External links

Free scores by Jan Hřímalý at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)

[net-1] "Tchaikovsky Research". Tchaikovsky Research. Retrieved 21 June 2015.

[2] "Index des Trios". Altenbergtrio.at. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[3] The death date of 1 March 1915 also appears in the literature, e.g. Grove's Dictionary, 5th ed., 1954

[greene-4] Greene, David Mason; Green, Constance (25 September 2007). David Mason Greene, Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers. ISBN 9780385142786.

[5] "Violinist composers". Users.globalnet.co.uk. 6 February 2000. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[6] Daniel J. Wakin (2 November 2008). "New York Times". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[7] "The Dawn of Recording". Marstonrecords.com. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[8] Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed., 1954

[9] "Edition Silvertrust". Edition Silvertrust. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[10] "Swiss Violin Concertos". Swissinfo.ch. 19 June 2003. Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[11] The New York Public Library (27 December 2011). "The New York Public Library". Nypl.org. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[12] Tarr, Edward H. (2003). Edward H. Tarr, East Meets West. ISBN 9781576470282.

[13] "Описание CD". Mymusicbase.ru. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[14] "(True) Synesthete Composers and Musicians". Home.comcast.net. Archived from the original on 15 February 2004. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[15] Lahee, Henry Charles (1906). Famous Violinists of To-day and Yesterday. L.C. Page. p. 296.

[16] "Famous Musicians of a Wandering Race". Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[17] Jean Sibelius. "The Wegelius Institute". Johnkinsella.net. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[18] "Chicago School of Violin Making". Maestronet.com. 12 October 2008. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

[19] Genealogy by Åke Backström, Sydney, genealogia.fi

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-{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
+[[File:Jan Hřímalý.jpg|thumb]]
-'''Jan Hřímalý''' ({{lang-ru|Иван Войцехович Гржимали}}, also ''Ivan Voitsekhovich Grzhimali''; 13 April 1844{{spaced ndash}}{{OldStyleDate|24 January|1915|11 January}}<ref name=net>{{cite web|url=http://www.tchaikovsky-research.net/en/people/hrimaly_jan.html |title=Tchaikovsky Research.net |publisher=Tchaikovsky Research.net |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.altenbergtrio.at/?site=archive_ensemble&triofilter=k&lp=fr |title=Index des Trios |publisher=Altenbergtrio.at |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>The death date of 1 March 1915 also appears in the literature, e.g. Grove's Dictionary, 5th ed., 1954</ref>) was an influential Czech violinist and teacher, who was associated with the [[Moscow Conservatory]] for 46 years 1869–1915.
+'''Jan Hřímalý''' ({{langx|ru|Иван Войцехович Гржимали}}, also ''Ivan Voitsekhovich Grzhimali''; 13 April 1844 – {{OldStyleDate|24 January|1915|11 January}}<ref name=net>{{cite web|url=http://en.tchaikovsky-research.net/pages/Jan_H%C5%99%C3%ADmal%C3%BD |title=Tchaikovsky Research |publisher=Tchaikovsky Research |accessdate=21 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.altenbergtrio.at/?site=archive_ensemble&triofilter=k&lp=fr |title=Index des Trios |publisher=Altenbergtrio.at |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>The death date of 1 March 1915 also appears in the literature, e.g. Grove's Dictionary, 5th ed., 1954</ref>) was an influential Czech violinist and teacher, who was associated with the [[Moscow Conservatory]] for 46 years in 1869–1915.
+==Biography==
-He was born in [[Plzeň|Pilsen]], [[Austro-Hungary]], the second son of the organist and composer Vojtěch Hřímalý (1809–1880),<ref name=net/> and a member of a notable Czech musical family.<ref name=greene/> He was taught by his older brother Vojtěch Hřímalý jr., and by [[Moritz Mildner]]. Hřímalý studied violin at the [[Prague Conservatory]] (1855–1861), and went on to become leader of the [[Amsterdam]] Orchestra (1862–1868).<ref name=net/> In 1869 he was appointed violin teacher at the [[Moscow Conservatory]].  He succeeded [[Ferdinand Laub]] as professor of violin studies 1874–1915.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~leonid/violinist_composers.htm |title=Violinist composers |publisher=Users.globalnet.co.uk |date=6 February 2000 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> He was leader of the Russian Musical Society Orchestra in Moscow from 1874 until 1906.<ref name=net/>
+Hřímalý was born in [[Plzeň]], [[Bohemia]] (then part of the [[Austrian Empire]]), the second son of the organist and composer Vojtěch Hřímalý (1809–1880),<ref name=net/> and a member of a notable Czech musical family.<ref name=greene/> He was taught by his older brother [[Vojtěch Hřímalý (junior)|Vojtěch Hřímalý jr.]], and by [[Moritz Mildner]]. Hřímalý studied violin at the [[Prague Conservatory]] (1855–1861), and went on to become leader of the [[Amsterdam]] Orchestra (1862–1868).<ref name=net/> In 1869 he was appointed violin teacher at the [[Moscow Conservatory]]. He succeeded [[Ferdinand Laub]] as professor of violin studies 1874–1915.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~leonid/violinist_composers.htm |title=Violinist composers |publisher=Users.globalnet.co.uk |date=6 February 2000 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> He was leader of the Russian Musical Society Orchestra in Moscow from 1874 until 1906.<ref name=net/>
-He was acquainted with [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]], who held him in high regard.  He co-premiered Tchaikovsky's String Quartets Nos. 2 (1874) and [[String Quartet No. 3 (Tchaikovsky)|3]] (1876).  In March 1882, he appeared in the first performance (private) of Tchaikovsky's [[Piano Trio (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Trio in A minor]] and may have also appeared in the public premiere in October, although this is not certain.
+He was acquainted with [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]], who held him in high regard. He co-premiered Tchaikovsky's String Quartets Nos. 2 (1874) and [[String Quartet No. 3 (Tchaikovsky)|3]] (1876). In March 1882, he appeared in the first performance (private) of Tchaikovsky's [[Piano Trio (Tchaikovsky)|Piano Trio in A minor]] and may have also appeared in the public premiere in October, although this is not certain.
-He made a very early recording on wax cylinders of the [[Piano Trio No. 1 (Arensky)|Piano Trio No. 1 in D minor]] by [[Anton Arensky]], with the composer at the piano and the cellist [[Anatoliy Brandukov]].  This recording was made shortly after its composition and is almost certainly its first recording, although it is not complete.<ref>{{cite web|author=By Daniel J. Wakin |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/26/arts/music/26waki.html?pagewanted=2 |title=New York Times |work=The New York Times |date=2 November 2008 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marstonrecords.com/ |title=The Dawn of Recording |publisher=Marstonrecords.com |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref>
+He made a very early recording on wax cylinders of the [[Piano Trio No. 1 (Arensky)|Piano Trio No. 1 in D minor]] by [[Anton Arensky]], with the composer at the piano and the cellist [[Anatoliy Brandukov]]. This recording was made shortly after its composition and is almost certainly its first recording, although it is not complete.<ref>{{cite web|author=Daniel J. Wakin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/26/arts/music/26waki.html?pagewanted=2 |title=New York Times |website = [[The New York Times]]|date=2 November 2008 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marstonrecords.com/ |title=The Dawn of Recording |publisher=Marstonrecords.com |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref>
-He was considered an outstanding teacher.<ref>Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed., 1954</ref>  His students included [[Iosif Kotek]], [[Reinhold Glière]],<ref name=greene>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=m3S7PIxe0mwC&pg=PA1030&lpg=PA1030&dq=jan+hrimaly&source=bl&ots=KT7OzVM6Y3&sig=RTjhrcttFLIhewCFhTiz1R5IcM4&hl=en&ei=BP66SbDoNYzo6QPPlJ32BA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result |title=David Mason Greene, Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers |publisher=Google Books |date=25 September 2007 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> who dedicated his Octet for Strings, Op. 5, to his teacher;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.editionsilvertrust.com/gliere-octet.htm |title=Edition Silvertrust |publisher=Edition Silvertrust |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Paul Juon]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/travel/swissmusic/classic/Swiss_Violin_Concertos.html?siteSect=24935&sid=1699437&cKey=1233752004000&ty=st |title=Swiss Violin Concertos |publisher=Swissinfo.ch |date=19 June 2003 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Vladimir Bakaleinikov]]; Arcady Dubensky;<ref>{{cite web|author=The New York Public Library |url=http://www.nypl.org/research/manuscripts/music/musdubensky.xml |title=The New York Public Library |publisher=Nypl.org |date=27 December 2011 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Stanisław Barcewicz]], [[Pyotr Stolyarsky]] (the teacher of [[David Oistrakh]], [[Nathan Milstein]], and many others);<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=6-hXsTRgw7IC&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=jan+hrimaly&source=bl&ots=Sx7CRfIEWu&sig=o1omAhFAXelvPepxEYEWZiRJNW0&hl=en&ei=Zf-6ScKAKITO6gOszYznBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=6&ct=result |title=Edward H. Tarr, East Meets West |publisher=Google Books |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Nikolai Roslavets]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mymusicbase.ru/PPS3/sd_3371.htm |title=Описание CD |publisher=Mymusicbase.ru |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Konstantin Saradzhev]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://home.comcast.net/~sean.day/syn-composers.htm |title=(True) Synesthete Composers and Musicians |publisher=Home.comcast.net |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> Alexander Petschnikoff, [[Mikhail Press]], Alexander Schmuller;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archive.org/stream/famousmusicianso001708mbp/famousmusicianso001708mbp_djvu.txt |title=Famous Musicians of a Wandering Race |publisher=Archive.org |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> and possibly Mitrofan Vasiliev, the first violin teacher of [[Jean Sibelius]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Jean Sibelius |url=http://www.johnkinsella.net/Sibelius4_wegelius.htm |title=The Wegelius Institute |publisher=Johnkinsella.net |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref>
+He was considered an outstanding teacher.<ref>Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 5th ed., 1954</ref> His students included [[Iosif Kotek]], [[Reinhold Glière]],<ref name=greene>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m3S7PIxe0mwC&pg=PA1030 |title=David Mason Greene, Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers |date=25 September 2007 |isbn=9780385142786|last1=Greene |first1=David Mason |last2=Green |first2=Constance }}</ref> who dedicated his Octet for Strings, Op. 5, to his teacher;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.editionsilvertrust.com/gliere-octet.htm |title=Edition Silvertrust |publisher=Edition Silvertrust |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Paul Juon]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/travel/swissmusic/classic/Swiss_Violin_Concertos.html?siteSect=24935&sid=1699437&cKey=1233752004000&ty=st |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120910225358/http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/travel/swissmusic/classic/Swiss_Violin_Concertos.html?siteSect=24935&sid=1699437&cKey=1233752004000&ty=st |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 September 2012 |title=Swiss Violin Concertos |publisher=Swissinfo.ch |date=19 June 2003 |accessdate=8 January 2012 }}</ref> [[Vladimir Bakaleinikov]]; Arcady Dubensky;<ref>{{cite web|author=The New York Public Library |url=http://www.nypl.org/research/manuscripts/music/musdubensky.xml |title=The New York Public Library |publisher=Nypl.org |date=27 December 2011 |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Stanisław Barcewicz]], [[Pyotr Stolyarsky]] (the teacher of [[David Oistrakh]], [[Nathan Milstein]], and many others);<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6-hXsTRgw7IC&pg=PA149 |title=Edward H. Tarr, East Meets West |isbn=9781576470282|last=Tarr |first=Edward H. |year=2003}}</ref> [[Nikolai Roslavets]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mymusicbase.ru/PPS3/sd_3371.htm |title=Описание CD |publisher=Mymusicbase.ru |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> [[Konstantin Saradzhev]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://home.comcast.net/~sean.day/syn-composers.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040215100911/http://home.comcast.net/%7Esean.day/syn-composers.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 February 2004 |title=(True) Synesthete Composers and Musicians |publisher=Home.comcast.net |access-date=8 January 2012 }}</ref> Alexander Petschnikoff,<ref>{{cite book |last=Lahee |first=Henry Charles |title=Famous Violinists of To-day and Yesterday |date=1906 |publisher=L.C. Page |page=296 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=70ZDAAAAYAAJ&dq=Alexander+Petschnikoff&pg=PA296}}</ref> [[Mikhail Press]], Alexander Schmuller;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/famousmusicianso001708mbp/famousmusicianso001708mbp_djvu.txt |title=Famous Musicians of a Wandering Race |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> and possibly Mitrofan Vasiliev, the first violin teacher of [[Jean Sibelius]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Jean Sibelius |url=http://www.johnkinsella.net/Sibelius4_wegelius.htm |title=The Wegelius Institute |publisher=Johnkinsella.net |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> {{See LMST|Jan|Hřímalý}}
-He published a number of technical exercises and studies, some of which were valued by [[Jascha Heifetz]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maestronet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=318612 |title=Chicago School of Violin Making |publisher=Maestronet.com |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> and he died in Moscow in 1915.
+He published a number of technical exercises and studies, some of which were valued by [[Jascha Heifetz]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.maestronet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=318612 |title=Chicago School of Violin Making |date=12 October 2008 |publisher=Maestronet.com |accessdate=8 January 2012}}</ref> and he died in Moscow in 1915.
-All his siblings were musically talented. Together with his brothers, Vojtěch (1842–1908), Jan Bartulomeus Cestmir (1844–1915), and Bohuslav Ferdinand Wenzl (1848–1894), they started the first string quartet in Bohemia. His sisters, Maria Regina (1839–1924) and Anna Jana (1840–1897) were renowned singers in Salzburg, Austria.<ref>Genealogy by Åke Backström, Sydney, www.genealogia.fi</ref>
+All his siblings were musically talented. Together with his brothers, Vojtěch (1842–1908), Jan Bartulomeus Čestmír (1844–1915), and Bohuslav Ferdinand Wenzl (1848–1894), they started the first string quartet in Bohemia. His sisters, Maria Regina (1839–1924) and Anna Jana (1840–1897) were renowned singers in Salzburg, Austria.<ref>Genealogy by Åke Backström, Sydney, genealogia.fi</ref>
 == References ==
-{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
+{{reflist}}
 == External links ==
+{{Commons category|Jan Hřímalý}}
 *{{IMSLP|id=Hřímalý, Jan}}
-{{Authority control|VIAF=130931962}}
+{{Authority control}}
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              = Hrimaly, Jan
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
-| DATE OF BIRTH     = 13 April 1844
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
-| DATE OF DEATH     = 24 January 1915
-| PLACE OF DEATH    =
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Hrimaly, Jan}}
 [[Category:1844 births]]
 [[Category:1915 deaths]]
+[[Category:Burials at Vvedenskoye Cemetery]]
 [[Category:19th-century Czech people]]
-[[Category:Imperial Russian people]]
+[[Category:19th-century classical violinists]]
-[[Category:19th-century violinists]]
+[[Category:Czech male classical violinists]]
-[[Category:Czech violinists]]
+[[Category:Czech classical violinists]]
-[[Category:Imperial Russian violinists]]
+[[Category:Classical violinists from the Russian Empire]]
-[[Category:Austro-Hungarian emigrants to the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the Russian Empire]]
 [[Category:Prague Conservatory alumni]]
-[[Category:Moscow Conservatory faculty]]
+[[Category:Academic staff of Moscow Conservatory]]
-[[Category:People from Plzeň]]
+[[Category:Musicians from Plzeň]]
 [[Category:Czech music educators]]
-[[Category:Violin pedagogues]]
+[[Category:Violin educators]]
 [[Category:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]
+[[Category:People from the Russian Empire of Czech descent]]
+[[Category:19th-century Czech male musicians]]

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