Percival Prince: Difference between revisions
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{{Inline|date=March 2021}} |
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{{short description|British light transport aircraft}} |
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{{Use British English|date=June 2015}} |
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{{Infobox aircraft |
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|name= |
|name= Prince |
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|image=File:Percival Sea Prince T.1 WF118 727 Sqn FAA 09.56.jpg |
|image= File:Percival Sea Prince T.1 WF118 727 Sqn FAA 09.56.jpg{{!}}border |
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|caption=Royal Navy Sea Prince T.1 of 727 Squadron FAA from [[RNAS Brawdy]] operational with radar nose in September 1956 |
|caption=Royal Navy Sea Prince T.1 of 727 Squadron FAA from [[RNAS Brawdy]] operational with radar nose in September 1956 |
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}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type |
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|type=Transport aircraft |
|type=Transport aircraft |
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|manufacturer=[[Percival Aircraft Limited]] |
|manufacturer=[[Percival Aircraft Limited]] |
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|first_flight= 13 May 1948 |
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|designer=[[Edgar Percival]] |
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|introduction= |
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|first flight= 13 May 1948 |
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|introduced= |
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|retired= |
|retired= |
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|status= |
|status= |
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|primary_user= |
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|primary user= |
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|more_users= |
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|produced= |
|produced= |
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|number_built=75 of all variants<ref name=abix>{{cite web|url=http://www.ab-ix.co.uk/PER50%20PRINCE%20PEMBROKE.doc|title=PER50 PRINCE PEMBROKE|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314234714/http://www.ab-ix.co.uk/PER50%20PRINCE%20PEMBROKE.doc|archive-date=14 March 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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|developed_from=[[Percival Merganser]] |
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|unit cost= |
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|variants= |
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|developed from=[[Percival Merganser]] |
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|developed_into= [[Percival Pembroke]] |
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|variants with their own articles= |
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}} |
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The '''Percival Prince''' |
The '''Percival Prince''' is a British light transport of the early postwar period. It was a twin-engine, high-wing, cantilever monoplane of all-metal stressed-skin construction; the [[Undercarriage (aeronautics)|undercarriage]] was of [[Retractable gear|retractable]], [[Tricycle gear|tricycle]] type. |
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==Development== |
==Development== |
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The design of the Prince |
The design of the Prince continued from the solitary [[Percival Merganser|Merganser]]. Further development of the type led to the '''Survey Prince''' survey aircraft and the '''Sea Prince'''. An improved version of the Prince 3 with an increased wingspan and engine and undercarriage modifications was developed for the [[Royal Air Force]] as the [[Percival Pembroke]]. |
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==Operational history== |
==Operational history== |
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[[File:Percival Prince 3E Standard Croydon 04.54.jpg|thumb|right|Percival Prince 3E executive aircraft of Standard Motor Co. at [[Croydon Airport]] in April 1954]] |
[[File:Percival Prince 3E Standard Croydon 04.54.jpg|thumb|right|Percival Prince 3E executive aircraft of Standard Motor Co. at [[Croydon Airport]] in April 1954]] |
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The Prince was produced in six versions for the civil market. Several examples were operated as executive aircraft including [[Standard Motors]] and [[Shell Oil]]. Three aircraft were used by the UK [[Ministry of Civil Aviation (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Civil Aviation]] as airport facilities checking aircraft. |
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The Prince was produced in six marks for the civil market. |
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The Sea Prince operated in two roles: in T.Mk.1 form it served as a navigation and anti-submarine trainer; the C.Mks. 1 and 2 were flown in the transport role. However, these were |
The Sea Prince operated in two roles: in T.Mk.1 form it served as a navigation and anti-submarine trainer; the C.Mks. 1 and 2 were flown in the transport role. However, these were land planes and not [[Carrier onboard delivery|COD]] (carrier on board delivery) aircraft. |
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Sea Princes operated in both roles from 1954 to 1972 and as a navigation trainer until 1978, when it was |
Sea Princes operated in both roles from 1954 to 1972 and as a navigation trainer until 1978, when it was replaced by the [[Handley Page Jetstream]] |
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==Variants== |
==Variants== |
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<ref name="abix"/> |
<ref name="abix"/> |
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* '''P.50 Prince 1''' |
* '''P.50 Prince 1''' – prototype based on [[Percival Merganser|Merganser]] with modified fin and undercarriage and two 520 hp [[Alvis Leonides|Alvis Leonides 501/4]] engine, one built. |
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* '''P.50 Prince 2''' |
* '''P.50 Prince 2''' – As Prince 1 with sloping windscreen, stronger main spar, five built. |
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* '''P.50 Prince 3''' |
* '''P.50 Prince 3''' – As Prince 2 with [[Alvis Leonides|Alvis Leonides 502/4]] engine and lengthened nose on some aircraft, 12 built. |
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* '''P.50 Prince 4''' |
* '''P.50 Prince 4''' – Conversions to [[Alvis Leonides|Alvis Leonides 503]] engines, ten converted. |
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* '''P.50 Prince 5''' |
* '''P.50 Prince 5''' – original designation of the [[Percival President]]. |
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* '''P.50 Prince 6''' |
* '''P.50 Prince 6''' – Conversions to [[Alvis Leonides|Alvis Leonides 504]] engines. |
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* '''P.54 Survey Prince''' |
* '''P.54 Survey Prince''' – Prince 2 with lengthened transparent nose and camera hatches, six built. |
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[[File: |
[[File:Percival Sea Prince WP308.jpg|thumb|right|Sea Prince T.1 preserved at the [[Gatwick Aviation Museum]] in 2008]] |
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* '''P. |
* '''P.50 Sea Prince C1''' – Prince 2 for [[Royal Navy]] use, three built.<ref>Silvester 1987, pp. 112 & 119</ref> |
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* '''P.57 Sea Prince T1''' |
* '''P.57 Sea Prince T1''' – Prince 3 with long nose housing radar, twin wheeled main undercarriage and lengthened engine nacelles for navigation and anti-submarine training, 41 built.[[File:Percival Prince at Luton 31-Jan-1950.tif|alt=Survey Prince|thumb|A Percival Survey Prince on 31 Jan 1950 at Luton, with a team from the Ordnance Survey]] |
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* '''P.57 Sea Prince C2''' |
* '''P.57 Sea Prince C2''' – Transport version of Sea Prince T1, four built. |
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==Operators== |
==Operators== |
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===Civil Operators=== |
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===Civil operators=== |
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; {{AUS}} |
; {{AUS}} |
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; {{BRN}} |
; {{BRN}} |
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; {{VEN}} |
; {{VEN}} |
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===Military |
===Military operators=== |
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;{{AUS}} |
;{{AUS}} |
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* [[Royal Australian Air Force]] |
* [[Royal Australian Air Force]] – Three Princes were in service with the RAAF from 1952 to 1957. The aircraft were used for communications and support duties at the Weapons Research Establishment, [[Woomera, South Australia]]. |
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** Air Trials Unit |
** Air Trials Unit |
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;{{THA}}: |
;{{THA}}: |
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* [[Thai Air Force]] |
* [[Thai Air Force]] – One Survey Prince aircraft. |
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* [[Thai Army]] |
* [[Thai Army]] – One Survey Prince aircraft. |
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;{{UK}}: |
;{{UK}}: |
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* [[Fleet Air Arm]]<ref name="abix"/> |
* [[Fleet Air Arm]]<ref name="abix"/> |
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** [[700 |
** [[700 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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** [[702 |
** [[702 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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** [[727 |
** [[727 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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** [[744 |
** [[744 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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** [[750 |
** [[750 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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** [[781 |
** [[781 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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** [[831 |
** [[831 Naval Air Squadron]] |
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* [[Royal Naval Reserve]] |
* [[Royal Naval Reserve]] |
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** 1830 Squadron RNVR |
** 1830 Squadron RNVR |
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** 1844 Squadron RNVR |
** 1844 Squadron RNVR |
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==Surviving aircraft== |
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==Survivors== |
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;Thailand |
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* T1-1/98 – Prince 3A on display at the [[Royal Thai Air Force Museum]] in [[Bangkok]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier - Percival Prince 3A, s/n T1-1/98 RTAF, c/n P41 |url=http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=1063 |website=Aerial Visuals |access-date=4 August 2020}}</ref> |
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;United Kingdom |
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*On display, Prince, T1-1/98 (cn P.50/41), at Royal Thai Air Force Museum, [[Don Muang AFB]] |
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* P50/46 – Prince 6E on display with the Speke Aerodrome Heritage Group in [[Liverpool, Merseyside]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier - Percival Prince 6E, c/n P50-46, c/r G-AMLZ |url=http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=114399 |website=Aerial Visuals |access-date=4 August 2020}}</ref> |
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*On display, Prince 3E, G-AMLZ (cn P50/46), at Speke Aerodrome Heritage Group, Merseyside, England |
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* WP313 – Sea Prince T.1 in storage at the [[Fleet Air Arm Museum]] in [[Yeovilton, Somerset]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Percival Sea Prince T1 (WP313) |url=http://www.fleetairarm.com/exhibit/percival-sea-prince-t1-wp313/6-30-84.aspx |website=Fleet Air Arm Museum |access-date=3 August 2020}}</ref> |
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*On display, Sea Prince T.1 WP308 at the [[Gatwick Aviation Museum]], Surrey, England |
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* WF128 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the [[Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum]] in [[Flixton, The Saints|Flixton, Suffolk]].<ref>{{cite web |title=OUR AIRCRAFT |url=http://www.aviationmuseum.net/ouraircraft.htm |website=Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum |access-date=3 August 2020}}</ref> |
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*On display, Sea Prince T.1 WF118 (569) G-DACA at the [[Gatwick Aviation Museum]], Surrey, England |
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* WP309 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the [[Solway Aviation Museum]] in [[Irthington|Irthington, Cumbria]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Aircraft |url=http://www.solway-aviation-museum.co.uk/?page_id=105&page=2 |website=Solway Aviation Museum |access-date=3 August 2020}}</ref> |
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*On display, Sea Prince T.1 WF122 (575)CU (c/n PAC/57/18), Now under restoration At Aeroventure,Doncaster,Sth Yorks. Formally of 750 Sqdrn Fleet Air Arm. |
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* WP308 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the [[Gatwick Aviation Museum]] in [[Charlwood|Charlwood, Surrey]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Percival Sea Prince T.1. |url=http://www.gatwick-aviation-museum.co.uk/prince/prince.html |website=Gatwick Aviation Museum |access-date=3 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311022227/http://www.gatwick-aviation-museum.co.uk/prince/prince.html |archive-date=11 March 2019}}</ref> |
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* WF122 – Sea Prince T.1 under restoration with the Ulster Aviation Society in [[Lisburn|Lisburn, Antrim]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Percival P.57 Sea Prince T.1 |url=https://www.ulsteraviationsociety.org/percival-sea-prince-t1 |website=Ulster Aviation Society |access-date=3 July 2024}}</ref> It was formerly on display at [[Aeroventure]] and operated by [[750 Naval Air Squadron]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier - Percival Sea Prince T.1, s/n WF122 RN, c/n P57/0018 |url=http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=67350 |website=Aerial Visuals |access-date=4 August 2020}}</ref> |
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* WP321 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the South Wales Aviation Museum in [[St Athan|St Athan, Glamorgan]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier - Percival Sea Prince T.1, s/n WP321 RN, c/n PAC/57/71, c/r G-BRFC |url=http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=56357 |website=Aerial Visuals |access-date=4 August 2020}}</ref> |
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;United States of America |
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* N206UP - Prince 2 c/n P50/10, on display in private garden in Antelope Acres, California <ref> |url= https://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=54966 </ref> |
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==Specifications (Sea Prince T.1)== |
==Specifications (Sea Prince T.1)== |
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[[File:Sea Prince T1 |
[[File:Percival Sea Prince T1 3-view silhouette.jpg|thumb|Percival Sea Prince T.1]] |
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{{Aircraft |
{{Aircraft specs |
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|ref=British Naval Aircraft since 1912<ref name="Thetford Naval p251">Thetford 1978, p.251.</ref> |
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|ref=British Naval Aircraft since 1912 <ref name="Thetford Naval p251">Thetford 1978, p.251.</ref> |
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|genhide= |
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|crew=Two pilots |
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|capacity=Three pupils |
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|crew=2 |
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|length m= |
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|capacity=3 students |
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|length |
|length ft=46 |
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|length |
|length in=4 |
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|span |
|span m= |
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|span |
|span ft=56 |
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|span in=0 |
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|height main= 16 ft 1 in |
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|height |
|height m= |
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|height ft=16 |
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|area main= 365 ft² |
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|height in=1 |
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|area alt=33.9 m² |
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|wing area sqm= |
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|airfoil= |
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|wing area sqft=365 |
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|empty weight main= 8,850 lb |
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|empty weight |
|empty weight kg= |
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|empty weight lb=8850 |
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|gross weight kg= |
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|gross weight lb=11850 |
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|useful load main= |
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|fuel capacity= |
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|useful load alt= |
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Powerplant |
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|eng1 number=2 |
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|engine (prop)=[[Alvis Leonides]] 125 |
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|eng1 name=[[Alvis Leonides]] 125 |
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|type of prop=radial |
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|eng1 type=9-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]]s |
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|number of props=2 |
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|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|power main= 550 hp |
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|eng1 hp=550<!-- prop engines --> |
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|power alt= 411 kW |
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|power original= |
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|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|max speed main= 194 knots |
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|prop name= |
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|max speed alt= 223 mph, 359 km/h |
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|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|cruise speed main=159 knots |
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|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|cruise speed alt=183 mph, 294 km/h |
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|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|range main= 400 nm |
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|range alt= 460 mi, 740 km |
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|ceiling main= 22,000 ft |
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|max speed kmh= |
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|ceiling alt= 6,706 m |
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|max speed mph=223 |
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|climb rate main= 1,400 ft/min |
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|max speed kts= |
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|climb rate alt=7.1 m/s |
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|max speed note=at {{convert|2000|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
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|loading main= |
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|cruise speed mph=183 |
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|loading alt= |
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|cruise speed note=at {{convert|11000|ft|m|abbr=on}} |
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|thrust/weight=<!-- a unitless ratio --> |
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|range km= |
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|power/mass main= |
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|range miles= |
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|power/mass alt= |
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|range nmi=400 |
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|ceiling m= |
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|ceiling ft=22000 |
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|climb rate ms= |
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|climb rate ftmin=1400 |
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|armament=none |
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|avionics= |
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}} |
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== |
==Notes== |
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;Notes |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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;Bibliography |
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==Bibliography== |
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*Jackson, A.J. ''British Civil Aircraft 1919-1972: Volume III''. London:Putnam, 1988. ISBN 0-85177-818-6. |
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* Grant, Robert S. "Canadian Prince". ''Air Enthusiast'', No. 55, Autumn 1994, p. 13. {{ISSN|0143-5450}} |
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*Thetford, Owen, ''British Naval Aircraft since 1912''. London:Putnam, 1978. ISBN 0-370-30021-1. |
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*Jackson, A.J. ''British Civil Aircraft 1919–1972: Volume III''. London:Putnam, 1988. {{ISBN|0-85177-818-6}}. |
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* Silvester, John. "Call to Arms: The Percival Sea Prince and Pembroke". ''Air Enthusiast'', No. 55, Autumn 1994, pp. 56–61. {{ISSN|0143-5450}} |
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* Silvester, John. ''Percival and Hunting Aircraft''. Leicester: Midland Counties Publications 1987. {{ISBN|0-9513386-0-9}}. |
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*Thetford, Owen, ''British Naval Aircraft since 1912''. London:Putnam, 1978. {{ISBN|0-370-30021-1}}. |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{commons category|Percival Prince}} |
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*[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1949/1949%20-%201498.html ''Flight'' - Proving flights for tropical use] |
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*[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1949/1949%20-%201498.html ''Flight'' – Proving flights for tropical use] |
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{{Hunting Percival aircraft}} |
{{Hunting Percival aircraft}} |
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{{British military aircraft since World War II}} |
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{{Aviation lists}} |
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{{ADF aircraft designations}} |
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{{Thai observation aircraft designations}} |
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[[Category:British airliners 1940–1949]] |
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[[Category:British civil utility aircraft 1940–1949]] |
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[[Category:British military transport aircraft 1940–1949]] |
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[[Category:British military trainer aircraft 1940–1949]] |
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[[ |
[[Category:Hunting Percival aircraft|Prince]] |
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[[Category:1940s British airliners]] |
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[[Category:1940s British military trainer aircraft]] |
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[[Category:High-wing aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1948]] |
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[[Category:Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]] |
Latest revision as of 23:01, 25 November 2024
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (March 2021) |
Prince | |
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General information | |
Type | Transport aircraft |
Manufacturer | Percival Aircraft Limited |
Number built | 75 of all variants[1] |
History | |
First flight | 13 May 1948 |
Developed from | Percival Merganser |
Developed into | Percival Pembroke |
The Percival Prince is a British light transport of the early postwar period. It was a twin-engine, high-wing, cantilever monoplane of all-metal stressed-skin construction; the undercarriage was of retractable, tricycle type.
Development
[edit]The design of the Prince continued from the solitary Merganser. Further development of the type led to the Survey Prince survey aircraft and the Sea Prince. An improved version of the Prince 3 with an increased wingspan and engine and undercarriage modifications was developed for the Royal Air Force as the Percival Pembroke.
Operational history
[edit]The Prince was produced in six versions for the civil market. Several examples were operated as executive aircraft including Standard Motors and Shell Oil. Three aircraft were used by the UK Ministry of Civil Aviation as airport facilities checking aircraft.
The Sea Prince operated in two roles: in T.Mk.1 form it served as a navigation and anti-submarine trainer; the C.Mks. 1 and 2 were flown in the transport role. However, these were land planes and not COD (carrier on board delivery) aircraft. Sea Princes operated in both roles from 1954 to 1972 and as a navigation trainer until 1978, when it was replaced by the Handley Page Jetstream
Variants
[edit]- P.50 Prince 1 – prototype based on Merganser with modified fin and undercarriage and two 520 hp Alvis Leonides 501/4 engine, one built.
- P.50 Prince 2 – As Prince 1 with sloping windscreen, stronger main spar, five built.
- P.50 Prince 3 – As Prince 2 with Alvis Leonides 502/4 engine and lengthened nose on some aircraft, 12 built.
- P.50 Prince 4 – Conversions to Alvis Leonides 503 engines, ten converted.
- P.50 Prince 5 – original designation of the Percival President.
- P.50 Prince 6 – Conversions to Alvis Leonides 504 engines.
- P.54 Survey Prince – Prince 2 with lengthened transparent nose and camera hatches, six built.
- P.50 Sea Prince C1 – Prince 2 for Royal Navy use, three built.[2]
- P.57 Sea Prince T1 – Prince 3 with long nose housing radar, twin wheeled main undercarriage and lengthened engine nacelles for navigation and anti-submarine training, 41 built.
- P.57 Sea Prince C2 – Transport version of Sea Prince T1, four built.
Operators
[edit]Civil operators
[edit]- France
- Kenya
- New Zealand
- Singapore
- Switzerland
- Tanganyika
- South Africa
- United Kingdom
- United States
- Venezuela
Military operators
[edit]- Royal Australian Air Force – Three Princes were in service with the RAAF from 1952 to 1957. The aircraft were used for communications and support duties at the Weapons Research Establishment, Woomera, South Australia.
- Air Trials Unit
- Thai Air Force – One Survey Prince aircraft.
- Thai Army – One Survey Prince aircraft.
- Fleet Air Arm[1]
- Royal Naval Reserve
- 1830 Squadron RNVR
- 1840 Squadron RNVR
- 1841 Squadron RNVR
- 1844 Squadron RNVR
Surviving aircraft
[edit]- Thailand
- T1-1/98 – Prince 3A on display at the Royal Thai Air Force Museum in Bangkok.[3]
- United Kingdom
- P50/46 – Prince 6E on display with the Speke Aerodrome Heritage Group in Liverpool, Merseyside.[4]
- WP313 – Sea Prince T.1 in storage at the Fleet Air Arm Museum in Yeovilton, Somerset.[5]
- WF128 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum in Flixton, Suffolk.[6]
- WP309 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the Solway Aviation Museum in Irthington, Cumbria.[7]
- WP308 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the Gatwick Aviation Museum in Charlwood, Surrey.[8]
- WF122 – Sea Prince T.1 under restoration with the Ulster Aviation Society in Lisburn, Antrim.[9] It was formerly on display at Aeroventure and operated by 750 Naval Air Squadron.[10]
- WP321 – Sea Prince T.1 on display at the South Wales Aviation Museum in St Athan, Glamorgan.[11]
- United States of America
- N206UP - Prince 2 c/n P50/10, on display in private garden in Antelope Acres, California [12]
Specifications (Sea Prince T.1)
[edit]Data from British Naval Aircraft since 1912[13]
General characteristics
- Crew: Two pilots
- Capacity: Three pupils
- Length: 46 ft 4 in (14.12 m)
- Wingspan: 56 ft 0 in (17.07 m)
- Height: 16 ft 1 in (4.90 m)
- Wing area: 365 sq ft (33.9 m2)
- Empty weight: 8,850 lb (4,014 kg)
- Gross weight: 11,850 lb (5,375 kg)
- Powerplant: 2 × Alvis Leonides 125 9-cylinder air-cooled radial engines, 550 hp (410 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 194 kn (223 mph, 359 km/h) at 2,000 ft (610 m)
- Cruise speed: 159 kn (183 mph, 295 km/h) at 11,000 ft (3,400 m)
- Range: 400 nmi (460 mi, 740 km)
- Service ceiling: 22,000 ft (6,700 m)
- Rate of climb: 1,400 ft/min (7.1 m/s)
See also
[edit]Related development
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c "PER50 PRINCE PEMBROKE". Archived from the original on 14 March 2007.
- ^ Silvester 1987, pp. 112 & 119
- ^ "Airframe Dossier - Percival Prince 3A, s/n T1-1/98 RTAF, c/n P41". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ "Airframe Dossier - Percival Prince 6E, c/n P50-46, c/r G-AMLZ". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ "Percival Sea Prince T1 (WP313)". Fleet Air Arm Museum. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "OUR AIRCRAFT". Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Aircraft". Solway Aviation Museum. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Percival Sea Prince T.1". Gatwick Aviation Museum. Archived from the original on 11 March 2019. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
- ^ "Percival P.57 Sea Prince T.1". Ulster Aviation Society. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
- ^ "Airframe Dossier - Percival Sea Prince T.1, s/n WF122 RN, c/n P57/0018". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ "Airframe Dossier - Percival Sea Prince T.1, s/n WP321 RN, c/n PAC/57/71, c/r G-BRFC". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^ |url= https://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=54966
Bibliography
[edit]- Grant, Robert S. "Canadian Prince". Air Enthusiast, No. 55, Autumn 1994, p. 13. ISSN 0143-5450
- Jackson, A.J. British Civil Aircraft 1919–1972: Volume III. London:Putnam, 1988. ISBN 0-85177-818-6.
- Silvester, John. "Call to Arms: The Percival Sea Prince and Pembroke". Air Enthusiast, No. 55, Autumn 1994, pp. 56–61. ISSN 0143-5450
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