Amsterdam Airport Schiphol: Difference between revisions

Amsterdam Airport Schiphol

*Luchthaven Schiphol*
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol; Luchthaven Schiphol
	Aerial view of the airport
	IATA: AMS; ICAO: EHAM; WMO: 06240;
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner/Operator	Royal Schiphol Group
Serves	Greater Amsterdam
Location	Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands
Opened	16 September 1916; 108 years ago
Hub for	KLM; KLM Cargo; KLM Cityhopper; Martinair;
Operating base for	Corendon Dutch Airlines; easyJet; Transavia; TUI fly Netherlands; Vueling;
Elevation AMSL	−11 ft / −3 m
Coordinates	52°18′00″N 4°45′54″E / 52.3000°N 4.7650°E
Website	www.schiphol.nl
Map
	AMS/EHAM Location within Greater Amsterdam AMS/EHAM Location in North Holland AMS/EHAM Location in the Netherlands AMS/EHAM Location in Europe
Runways
Statistics (2023)
Passengers
Passengers	61,889,586
Aircraft movements	441,969
Freight (tonnes)	1,378,042
Economic impact (2016)	$27.3 billion
Land area	2,787 ha
	Sources: CBS, Schiphol Group and AIP

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Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (IATA: AMS, ICAO: EHAM), known informally as Schiphol Airport (Dutch: Luchthaven Schiphol, pronounced [ˌlʏxtɦaːvə(n) ˈsxɪp(ɦ)ɔl; sxɪpˈɦɔl]),^[g] is the main international airport of the Netherlands, and is one of the major hubs for the SkyTeam airline alliance.^[8] It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi; 4.9 nmi)^[6] southwest of Amsterdam, in the municipality of Haarlemmermeer in the province of North Holland. It is the world's third busiest airport by international passenger traffic in 2023. With almost 72 million passengers in 2019, it is the third-busiest airport in Europe in terms of passenger volume and the busiest in Europe in terms of aircraft movements. With an annual cargo tonnage of 1.74 million, it is the 4th busiest in Europe. AMS covers a total area of 6,887 acres (10.761 sq mi; 2,787 ha) of land.^[3] The airport is built on the single-terminal concept: one large terminal split into three departure halls.

Schiphol is the principal hub for KLM and its regional affiliate KLM Cityhopper as well as for Martinair. The airport also serves as an operating base for Corendon Dutch Airlines, easyJet, Transavia, TUI fly Netherlands, and Vueling.

Schiphol opened on 16 September 1916 as a military airbase. The end of the First World War also saw the beginning of civilian use of Schiphol Airport and the airport eventually lost its military role completely. By 1940, Schiphol had four asphalt runways at 45-degree angles. The airport was captured by the German military that same year and renamed Fliegerhorst Schiphol. The airport was destroyed through bombing but at the end of the war, the airfield was soon rebuilt. In 1949, it was decided that Schiphol was to become the primary airport of the Netherlands. Schiphol Airport was voted the Best Airport in Western Europe in 2020.^[9]

Etymology

The name Sciphol appears in an official document from 1447.^[10] According to the airport's media department,^[11] the name of Schiphol might have several origins, all contested:

As graveyard of ships. The Haarlemmermeer was a big, wild water mass, where many ships found their demise.
As ship-haul, where ships were transferred from one water to another.
As name of a coppice in marshy land. In the Gothic language, it indicated an area of low-lying wetland ("hol" or "holl") where wood (scip) could be extracted. However, Gothic has never been spoken in the Netherlands.

Description

Schiphol Airport ranked as Europe's third busiest and the world's eleventh busiest by total passenger traffic in 2017 (12th in 2016, 14th in 2015, 2014 and 2013 and 16th in 2012). It also ranks as the world's fifth busiest by international passenger traffic and the world's sixteenth busiest for cargo tonnage. A record 71,706,999 passengers passed through the airport in 2019.^[12] Schiphol's main competitors in terms of passenger traffic and cargo throughput are London Heathrow, Frankfurt, Madrid, Paris–Charles de Gaulle and Istanbul. In 2019, 70.5% of passengers using the airport flew to and from Europe, 10.6% to and from North America and 10.1% to and from Asia; cargo volume was mainly between Schiphol and Asia (46.3%) and North America (17.6%).^[12] In 2019, 102 carriers provided a total of 332 destinations on a regular basis.^[12]

The airport is built as one large terminal (a single-terminal concept), split into three departure halls, which connect again once airside. The most recent of these was completed in 1994 and expanded in 2007 with a new section, called Terminal 4, although it is not considered a separate building. A new pier is to be opened in 2019 with a terminal extension planned to be operational by 2023. Plans for further terminal and gate expansion exist, including the construction of a separate new terminal between the Zwanenburgbaan and Polderbaan runways that would end the one-terminal concept.

Because of intense traffic and high landing fees (due to the limit of 500,000 flights a year), some low-cost carriers decided to move their flights to smaller airports, such as Rotterdam The Hague Airport and Eindhoven Airport. Many low-cost carriers, such as EasyJet and Ryanair, however, continue to operate at Schiphol, using the low-cost H pier. In 2015, Lelystad Airport was allowed to expand, aimed at accommodating some of the low-cost and leisure flights currently operating out of Schiphol, eventually taking up to 45,000 flights a year.^[13]

To combat complaints from the community in Schiphol, Amsterdam Airport is advocating the prohibition of private jets, with the aim of minimizing noise and environmental pollution. The airport also intends to restrict takeoffs between midnight and 6 a.m. and landings between midnight and 5 a.m.^[14]

History

Early years

Before 1852, the entire polder of Haarlemmermeer in which the airport lies was a large lake with some shallow areas. There are multiple stories of how the place got its name. The most popular story is that in the shallow waters, sudden violent storms could claim many ships. Winds were particularly strong in the Schiphol area since the prevailing wind direction is from the southwest, and Schiphol lies in the northeastern corner of the lake. In English, schiphol translates to 'ship hole', a reference to many ships supposedly lost in the lake. When the lake was reclaimed, however, no shipwrecks were found. Another possible origin of the name is the word scheepshaal. A scheepshaal is a ditch^{[clarification needed]} or small canal in which ships would be towed from one lake to another. A third explanation would be that the name is derived from the words schip hol. This is a low-lying area of land (hol) from where wood would be obtained to build ships.^[15]

After the lake was dredged in the mid-1800s, a fortification named Fort Schiphol was built in the area which was part of the Stelling van Amsterdam defence works.^[16]

Schiphol opened on 16 September 1916 as a military airbase, with a few barracks and a field serving as platform^{[clarification needed]} and runways. When civil aircraft started to use the field (17 December 1920), it was often called Schiphol-les-bains. The Fokker aircraft manufacturer started a factory near Schiphol airport in 1919.^[17] The end of the First World War also saw the beginning of civilian use of Schiphol Airport and the airport eventually lost its military role completely.

By 1940, Schiphol had four asphalt runways at 45-degree angles, all 1,020 m (3,350 ft) or less. One was extended to become today's runway 04/22; two others crossed that runway at 52°18′43″N 4°48′00″E / 52.312°N 4.800°E / 52.312; 4.800. The airport was captured by the German military that same year and renamed Fliegerhorst Schiphol. A large number of anti-aircraft defences were installed in the vicinity of the airport and fake decoy airfields were constructed in the vicinity near Bennebroek, Vijfhuizen, and Vogelenzang to try to confuse Allied bombers. A railway connection was also built. Despite these defences, the airfield was still bombed intensively; an exceptionally heavy attack on 13 December 1943 caused so much damage that it rendered the airfield unusable as an active base. After that, it served only as an emergency landing field, until the Germans themselves destroyed the remnants of the airfield at the start of Operation Market Garden. At the end of the war, the airfield was quickly restored: the first aircraft, a Douglas DC-3, landed on 8 July 1945.^[18]

A new terminal building was completed in 1949 and it was decided that Schiphol was to become the primary airport of the Netherlands. The expansion came at the cost of a small town called Rijk, which was demolished to make room for the growing airport. The name of this town is remembered in the name of the present Schiphol-Rijk industrial estate. In 1967, Schiphol expanded even further with a new terminal area at its current location. Most of the 1967 terminal is still in use today (Departure Halls 1 and 2), as are parts of the original piers (now called C, D, and E). Dutch designer Benno Wissing created signage for Schiphol Airport, well known for its clear writing and thorough colour-coding; to avoid confusion, he prohibited any other signage in the shades of yellow and green used.^[19] The new terminal building replaced the older facilities once located on what is now the east side of the airport. The A-pier (now C-pier) of the airport was modified in 1970 to allow Boeing 747 aircraft to use the boarding gates. A new pier (D, now called F) opened in 1977, dedicated to handling wide-body aircraft. The first railway station at the airport followed in 1978.

Development since the 1990s

The construction of a new Air Traffic Control tower was completed in 1991 as the existing tower could no longer oversee all of the airport as it was further expanded. Departure Hall 3 was added to the terminal in 1993, as was another pier, G-pier. New wayfinding signage was designed that year as well by Paul Mijksenaar.^[20] A sixth runway was completed at quite some distance west of the rest of airport in 2003 and was nicknamed the Polderbaan, with the connecting taxiway bridge crossing the A5 motorway. The distance of this runway means that taxiing to and from this runway can take between 10 and 20 minutes. It also required the construction of an additional Air Traffic Control tower as the primary tower is too far away to oversee this part of the airfield.^[21]

On 25 February 2005, a diamond robbery occurred at Schiphol's cargo terminal. The robbers used a stolen KLM van to gain airside access. The estimated value of the stones was around 75 million euros, making it one of the largest diamond robberies ever.^[22]

Later in 2005, a fire broke out at the airport's detention centre, killing 11 people and injuring 15. The complex was holding 350 people at the time of the incident.^[23] Results from the investigation almost one year later showed that fire safety precautions were not in force. A national outrage resulted in the resignation of Justice Minister Piet Hein Donner (CDA) and Mayor Hartog of Haarlemmermeer. Spatial Planning Minister Sybilla Dekker (VVD) resigned as well because she bore responsibility for safety failings cited in the report.^[24]

In the summer of 2022, the airport suffered the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation. It experienced extraordinarily long delays and a large number of cancelled flights, which led to a recession of air traffic and subsequently to a shortage of security staff and a walkout of baggage handlers.^[25] Queues for security check-in were reported to last for 5 hours, and many passengers missed their flights.^[26] The CEO of Schiphol Group, Dick Benschop, was forced to resign.^[27]

Infrastructure

Terminal

Schiphol uses a one-terminal concept, where all facilities are located under a single roof, radiating from the central plaza, Schiphol Plaza. The terminal is divided into three sections or halls designated 1, 2 and 3. The piers and concourses of each hall are connected so that it is possible, on both sides of security or border inspection, to walk between piers and halls, although border control separates Schengen from non-Schengen areas. The exception to this is the low-cost pier M: once airside (past security), passengers cannot access any other areas.

Schiphol Airport has approximately 223^[28] boarding gates including eighteen double jetway gates used for widebody aircraft. The airport adopted a distinctive design, with the second jetway extending over the aircraft wing hanging from a steel cantilever structure. Gradual refurbishments have seen these jetways replaced with a more conventional layout with the last two taken out of use in November 2024. Two gates feature a third jetway for handling of the Airbus A380. Emirates was the first airline to fly the A380 to Schiphol in August 2012, deploying the aircraft on its double daily Dubai–Amsterdam service.^[29] China Southern Airlines also used the A380 on its Beijing–Amsterdam route before removing the type from service at the end of 2022,^{[citation needed]} leaving Emirates as the sole A380 operator at Schiphol Airport as of 2023.

Schiphol has large shopping areas, primarily on the ground floor, as a source of revenue and as an additional attraction for passengers. Schiphol Plaza not only connects the three terminal halls but also houses other facilities. This is a large pre-security shopping centre and the Schiphol Airport railway station. These facilities are also attracting general visitors.^{[citation needed]}

The 1st floor^[h] hosts the luggage check-in lines, many of them automated, as well as various duty-free refund booths. Available seating is limited on this floor.

Notable public artworks in the airport include the Schiphol clock by Maarten Baas, in which a man behind a translucent screen appears to paint the minutes of an analog clock by hand.^[30]

Departure Hall 1

Departure Hall 1 consists of Piers B and C, both of which are dedicated Schengen areas and share D-pier with Departure Hall 2. Pier B has 14 gates and Pier C has 21 gates.

Departure Hall 2

Departure Hall 2 consists of Piers D and E.

Pier D is the largest pier and has two levels. The lower floor houses non-Schengen flights and the upper floor is used for Schengen flights. By using stairs, the same jetways are used to access the aircraft. Schengen gates are numbered beginning with D-59; non-Schengen gates are numbered from D-1 to D-57.

Pier E is a dedicated non-Schengen area and has fourteen gates. It is typically home to SkyTeam hub airlines Delta Air Lines and KLM, along with other members, such as China Airlines and China Southern Airlines. Other Middle Eastern and Asian airlines such as Air Astana, EVA Air, Etihad Airways and Iran Air also typically operate out of Pier E.

Departure Hall 3

Departure Hall 3 consists of three piers: F, G, and H/M. Pier F has eight gates and is typically dominated by SkyTeam members such as primary airline KLM, Kenya Airways, China Airlines, China Southern Airlines, and other members. Pier G has thirteen gates. Piers F and G are non-Schengen areas.

Piers H and M are physically one concourse consisting of seven shared gates and are home to low-cost airlines. Operating completely separately, H handles non-Schengen flights while M is dedicated to flights within the Schengen area.

A380

Gates G9, E18 and E24 (E24 refurbished in 2019) are equipped to handle daily Airbus A380 service by Emirates. China Southern Airlines also operated the type before withdrawing it from service at the end of 2022, leaving Emirates as the only A380 operator at Schiphol as of 2023.^[31]

General aviation terminal

A new general aviation terminal was opened in 2011 on the east side of the airport, operated as the KLM Jet Center. The new terminal building has a floorspace of 6,000 m² (65,000 sq ft); 1,000 m² (11,000 sq ft) for the actual terminal and lounges, 4,000 m² (43,000 sq ft) for office space and 1,000 m² (11,000 sq ft) for parking.^[32]

The centre and its activities were sold to the Swiss company Jet Aviation in October 2018^[33] and was rebranded as Jet Aviation Amsterdam.

Other facilities

The Rijksmuseum operates an annex at the airport, offering a small overview of both classical and contemporary art.^[34] Admission to the exhibits is free, but requires a plane ticket as it is situated in the passenger transit zone.

In the summer of 2010, Schiphol Airport Library opened alongside the museum, providing passengers access to a collection of 1,200 books (translated into 29 languages) by Dutch authors on subjects relating to the country's history and culture. The 89.9 m² (968 sq ft) library offers e-books and music by Dutch artists and composers that can be downloaded free of charge to a laptop or mobile device.^[35]

For aviation enthusiasts, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol has a large rooftop viewing area, called the Panoramaterras. It is not accessible to connecting passengers unless they first exit the airport. Enthusiasts and the public can enter, free of charge, from the airport's landside. Since June 2011, it is the location for a KLM Cityhopper Fokker 100, modified to be a viewing exhibit.^[36] Besides the Panoramaterras, Schiphol has other spotting sites, especially along the newest Polderbaan runway and at the McDonald's restaurant at the north side of the airport.

Schiphol has its own mortuary, where the dead can be handled and kept before departure or after arrival.

Between October 2006 and 2019, people could also hold a wedding ceremony at Schiphol.^[37]

Schiphol also has a new state-of-the-art cube-shaped Hilton Amsterdam Airport Schiphol with 433 rooms, rounded corners and diamond-shaped windows. The spacious atrium has a 41 m-high (135 ft) ceiling made of glass and is in the heart of the building. A covered walkway connects the hotel directly to the terminal. The hotel was completed in 2015.^[38]

Future expansions

Pier A

In 2012, Schiphol Group announced an expansion of Schiphol, featuring a new pier.^[39] Pier A will be part of Departure Hall 1, which already has Pier B (14 gates) and Pier C (21 gates). The new Pier A will have five narrow-body gates and will initially have three wide-body gates, with two more planned for a later phase.^[40] The first activities are expected to start in 2017 and to be completed in 2023.^{[needs update]} The expansions will cost about 500 million euros.

First, the new Pier A will be built to the southwest of Pier B, in an area currently used as a freight platform. Pier A will mainly be used for flights within Europe.^[41]^{[needs update]}

Originally expected to be operational by the end of 2019, the construction of the new pier has been delayed several times and due to a conflict between the airport and the construction consortium, the construction was halted in November 2021. Schiphol was disappointed in the construction speed and the rising of the total cost, although insiders announced that a design flaw was made and the entire construction needed to be reinforced. A new tendering procedure will be started to find a new constructor, once found a new completion date will be announced.^[42]

Fourth terminal hall

To handle future growth in passengers, Schiphol will further expand by building a fourth terminal hall with facilities for both departures and arrivals. From this new building, direct access will be made to Schiphol Plaza, continuing the one-terminal concept. When finished in 2023, Schiphol will be able to handle over 70 million passengers.^[43] Due to rapid growth of Schengen passengers during 2016, Schiphol was however forced to rapidly build a temporary departure hall which opened in March 2017.^[44] Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic the construction of the fourth terminal hall has been postponed for at least two years.^[45]

Uniform platform

The airport has expanded the number of uniform platforms, and places to stow airplanes, in recent years in two phases. A third phase is planned to expand the number of wide-body platforms to a total of twelve, with planned completion in the period 2022–2026.^[46]

Public transportation

Schiphol, together with the public transport authority Amsterdam, is going to transform its train- and bus station. The train station will be getting more entrances and the bus station will be completely renewed with a planned opening date in 2025.^[47] A connection to the Amsterdam Metro network has been a subject of discussion and speculation since at least the 1990s. In preparation for this, a piece of land has been acquired from Chipshol.^[48] As of 2022^[update], the project had not moved past the proposal stage.^[49]^[50]

Airlines

Schiphol's growth is hampered by slot restrictions from the government. For reasons of safety and noise reduction, Schiphol is allowed to have no more than 500,000 aircraft movements until the end of 2020.^[51] A proposal to increase the limit to 540,000 movements from 2021 onwards has been postponed until a new government is formed after the elections in March 2021.^{[needs update]}^[52] As Schiphol nearly approached the limit of 500,000 in the last few years, the slot restrictions have hindered airlines to settle at Schiphol. Among airlines that have expressed interest in flying at Schiphol are Atlantic Airways,^[53] Cyprus Airways,^[54] Somon Air^[55] and SpiceJet.^[56]

Tower

The Schiphol air traffic control tower, with a height of 101 m (331 ft), was the tallest in the world when constructed in 1991. Schiphol is geographically one of the world's lowest major commercial airports. The entire airport is below sea level. The lowest point sits at 3.4 m (11 ft) below sea level: 1.4 m (4.5 ft) below the Dutch Normaal Amsterdams Peil (NAP). The runways are around 3 m (9.8 ft) below NAP.^[57]^[58] It is one of only eleven airports worldwide below sea level, the fifth lowest with scheduled flights, and the third lowest with international flights.

Runways

Schiphol has six runways, one of which is used mainly by general aviation.^[6] The airport covers a total area of 6,887 acres (2,787 ha) of land.^[3]

Number	Runway direction/code	Length	Width	Common name	Namesake	Surface	Notes
1	18R/36L	3,800 m 12,467 ft	60 m 197 ft	Polderbaan	Decided via contest. Polder is the Dutch word for land reclaimed from a body of water. Schiphol Airport is situated in a polder.	Asphalt	Newest runway, opened in 2003. Own control tower. Located to reduce the noise impact on the surrounding population. Takeoffs only northbound and landings only southbound. The nearest end is located 5 km (3.1 mi) from the terminal building, and aircraft have a 10 to 20-minute taxi to and from the terminal.
2	06/24	3,500 m 11,483 ft	45 m 148 ft	Kaagbaan	Named after Kaag, a small village which lies beyond the southwest end of the runway.	Asphalt	Opened in 1960. The Kaagbaan offered a location for spotters until the spotting location was closed in January 2008.^[59]
3	09/27	3,453 m 11,329 ft	45 m 148 ft	Buitenveldertbaan	Named after Buitenveldert, a neighbourhood of Amsterdam that lies under its approach.	Asphalt	Opened in 1967. El Al Flight 1862 was trying to make an emergency landing on this runway when it crashed into a block of flats in the Bijlmermeer.^[60]
4	18L/36R	3,400 m 11,155 ft	45 m 148 ft	Aalsmeerbaan	Named after the town of Aalsmeer which lies beyond the end of the runway.	Asphalt	Opened in 1950.
5	18C/36C	3,300 m 10,826 ft	45 m 148 ft	Zwanenburgbaan	Named after the village of Zwanenburg that lies under its approach.	Asphalt	Opened in 1968. El Al Flight 1862 took off from this runway before crashing into flats in the Bijlmermeer when the plane was trying to return to the airport.^[60]
6	04/22	2,014 m 6,608 ft	45 m 148 ft	Oostbaan	Most eastern of all runways ("oost" is Dutch for "east").	Asphalt	Opened in 1945. Primarily used for general aviation traffic.^[6] In October 2010 a Boeing 737–400 of Corendon Airlines overran the short runway and ended up with its nosegear in the mud.^[61]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations
Aegean Airlines^[62]	Athens,^[63] Thessaloniki^[64]
Aer Lingus^[65]	Cork (ends 17 March 2025),^[66]^[67] Dublin^[68]
Aeroméxico^[69]	Mexico City
Air Anka	Seasonal charter: Antalya^[70]
Air Arabia^[71]	Fès,^[72] Nador,^[73] Tangier,^[74] Tétouan^[75]
Air Astana^[76]	Atyrau
Air Canada^[77]	Toronto–Pearson Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau^{[citation needed]}
Air Dolomiti	Munich^[78]
Air Europa^[79]	Madrid^[80]
Air France^[81]	Lyon,^[82] Paris–Charles de Gaulle^[83]
Air India	Delhi^[84]
Air Serbia^[85]	Belgrade^[86]
Air Transat^[87]	Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson^{[citation needed]}
airBaltic^[88]	Palanga,^[89] Riga, Tallinn,^[90] Vilnius
AJet^[91]	Ankara, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen^[92]
Amelia International^[93]	Strasbourg^[94]
American Airlines^[95]	Philadelphia Seasonal: Dallas/Fort Worth^{[citation needed]}
Arkia^[96]	Tel Aviv
Austrian Airlines^[97]	Vienna^[98] Seasonal: Innsbruck^[99]
British Airways¹^[100]	London–City,^[101] London–Heathrow^[102]
Bulgaria Air^[103]	Sofia^[104]
Cathay Pacific^[105]	Hong Kong
China Airlines^[106]	Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines^[107]	Shanghai–Pudong^[108]
China Southern Airlines^[109]	Beijing–Daxing,^[110] Guangzhou,^[110]
Corendon Dutch Airlines^[111]	Antalya,^[112] Bonaire,^[113] Curaçao,^[114] Gran Canaria, Hurghada,^[115] Tenerife–South Seasonal: Banjul,^{[citation needed]} Bodrum,^{[citation needed]} Burgas,^[116] Corfu,^{[citation needed]} Dalaman,^{[citation needed]} Gazipaşa,^[117] Heraklion,^{[citation needed]} Ibiza,^{[citation needed]} Izmir,^{[citation needed]} Kos,^{[citation needed]} Malaga (begins 20 April 2025),^[118] Mytilene,^{[citation needed]} Palma de Mallorca,^{[citation needed]} Preveza,^{[citation needed]} Rhodes,^{[citation needed]} Samos,^{[citation needed]} Zakynthos^{[citation needed]}
Croatia Airlines^[119]	Zagreb^[120] Seasonal: Split^[121]
Delta Air Lines^[122]	Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa^[123] Seasonal: Orlando^[124]
easyJet^[125]	Alicante, Basel/Mulhouse, Belfast–International, Bergamo, Berlin, Birmingham, Bristol, Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Faro, Fuerteventura, Funchal,^[126] Geneva, Glasgow, Gran Canaria, Kraków,^[127] Larnaca,^[126] Lisbon, Liverpool, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, London–Southend,^[128] London–Stansted, Málaga, Manchester, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Naples, Newcastle upon Tyne,^[127] Nice, Prague, Southampton,^[129] Tel Aviv,^[130] Venice Seasonal: Brindisi,^{[citation needed]} Catania,^{[citation needed]} Chania,^[131] Corfu,^{[citation needed]} Dubrovnik,^{[citation needed]} Harstad/Narvik (begins 25 June 2025),^[132] Hurghada,^{[citation needed]} Ibiza,^{[citation needed]} Innsbruck,^{[citation needed]} Kefalonia,^{[citation needed]} Lanzarote,^{[citation needed]} Malta,^[133] Marrakech,^{[citation needed]} Mykonos,^[134] Olbia,^{[citation needed]} Palermo,^{[citation needed]} Palma de Mallorca,^{[citation needed]} Pisa,^{[citation needed]} Pristina,^[126] Pula, Rhodes, Rovaniemi,^[135] Salzburg, Sharm El Sheikh,^[136] Split,^{[citation needed]} Tenerife–South,^{[citation needed]} Tromsø,^[137] Zadar
Egyptair^[138]	Cairo
El Al^[139]	Tel Aviv^[140]
Emirates^[141]	Dubai–International^[142]
Etihad Airways^[143]	Abu Dhabi^[144]
EVA Air^[145]	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Taipei–Taoyuan
Finnair^[146]	Helsinki^[147]
FlyErbil^[148]	Erbil
FlyOne^[149]	Chișinău
Garuda Indonesia^[150]	Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta^[151]
Georgian Airways^[152]	Tbilisi^[153]
Iberia Express^[154]	Madrid^[155]
Icelandair^[156]	Reykjavík–Keflavík^[157]
ITA Airways^[158]	Milan–Linate,^[159] Rome–Fiumicino^[160]
JetBlue^[161]	New York–JFK^[162] Seasonal: Boston^[163]
Kenya Airways^[164]	Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
KLM^[165]	Aalborg,^[166] Aberdeen,^[166] Accra,^[167] Ålesund,^[168] Alicante,^[168] Aruba,^[169] Athens,^[166] Atlanta,^[167] Austin,^[170] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,^[171] Barcelona,^[166] Basel/Mulhouse,^[172] Beijing–Capital,^[167] Belfast–City,^[168] Belgrade,^[172] Bengaluru,^[167] Bergen,^[173] Berlin,^[174] Bilbao,^[172] Billund,^[172] Birmingham,^[166] Bogotá,^[171] Bologna,^[168] Bonaire,^[169] Bordeaux,^[172] Boston,^[171] Bremen,^[172] Bristol,^[166] Brussels,^[166] Bucharest–Otopeni,^[172] Budapest,^[172] Buenos Aires–Ezeiza,^[175] Calgary,^[171] Cape Town,^[167] Cardiff,^[166] Cartagena,^[171] Catania,^[172] Chicago–O'Hare,^[171] Copenhagen,^[174] Cork,^[168] Curaçao,^[176] Dammam,^[171] Dar es Salaam,^[167] Delhi,^[167] Denpasar,^[167] Dubai–International,^[167] Dublin,^[166] Düsseldorf,^[168] Edinburgh,^[174] Edmonton,^[171] Entebbe,^[176] Exeter (begins 30 March 2025),^[177] Florence,^[166] Frankfurt,^[172] Gdańsk,^[166] Geneva,^[172] Genoa,^[172] Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan (begins 4 June 2025),^[178] Glasgow,^[179] Gothenburg,^[166] Guayaquil,^[171] Hamburg,^[166] Hannover,^[172] Helsinki,^[166] Hong Kong,^[167] Houston–Intercontinental,^[171] Humberside,^[168] Hyderabad (resumes 2 September 2025),^[180] Inverness,^[166] Istanbul,^[172] Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta,^[167] Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo,^[167] Kigali,^[176] Kilimanjaro,^[167] Kraków,^[166] Kristiansand,^[168] Kuala Lumpur–International,^[167] Lagos,^[176] Las Vegas,^[171] Leeds/Bradford,^[181] Lima,^[171] Linköping,^[172] Lisbon,^[182] Ljubljana (begins 30 March 2025),^[183] London–City,^[166] London–Heathrow,^[174] Los Angeles,^[167] Luxembourg,^[166] Lyon,^[172] Madrid,^[174] Málaga,^[166] Manchester,^[174] Manila,^[167] Marseille,^[82] Mexico City,^[175] Milan–Linate,^[173] Milan–Malpensa,^[166] Montpellier,^[166] Montréal–Trudeau,^[171] Mumbai,^[171] Munich,^[172] Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta,^[167] Nantes,^[166] Naples,^[172] Newcastle upon Tyne,^[166] New York–JFK,^[167] Nice,^[166] Norwich,^[168] Nuremberg, Osaka–Kansai,^[167] Oslo,^[172] Panama City–Tocumen,^[176] Paramaribo,^[167] Paris–Charles de Gaulle,^[174] Portland (OR),^[184] Porto,^[172] Port of Spain,^[185] Poznań,^[166] Prague,^[186] Quito,^[171] Rennes,^[187] Rio de Janeiro–Galeão,^[188] Riyadh,^[171] Rome–Fiumicino,^[166] San Francisco,^[189] San Diego (begins 8 May 2025),^[190] Santiago de Chile,^[175] São Paulo–Guarulhos,^[171] Seoul–Incheon,^[191] Shanghai–Pudong,^[171] Singapore,^[167] Sint Maarten,^[185] Southampton,^[166] Split,^[166] Stavanger,^[166] Stockholm–Arlanda,^[192] Stuttgart,^[168] Taipei–Taoyuan,^[167] Teesside,^[166] Tel Aviv,^[193] Tokyo–Narita,^[171] Toronto–Pearson,^[176] Toulouse,^[172] Trondheim,^[168] Turin,^[172] Valencia,^[172] Vancouver,^[194] Venice,^[166] Vienna,^[186] Warsaw–Chopin,^[166] Washington–Dulles,^[171] Wrocław,^[166] Zagreb,^[172] Zanzibar,^[171] Zurich^[174] Seasonal: Biarritz (begins 19 April 2025),^[177] Cagliari,^[195] Cancún,^[167] Dubrovnik,^[166] Ibiza,^[196] Miami,^[171] Minneapolis/St. Paul,^[197] Palma de Mallorca,^[195] Rovaniemi,^[198] Salt Lake City, San José (CR)^[199]
KM Malta Airlines	Malta^[200]
Korean Air^[201]	Seoul–Incheon
Kuwait Airways^[202]	Kuwait
LOT Polish Airlines^[203]	Warsaw–Chopin^[204]
Lufthansa^[205]	Frankfurt, Munich^[206]
Norwegian Air Shuttle^[207]	Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
Pegasus Airlines^[208]	Antalya, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen Seasonal: Bodrum,^{[citation needed]} Izmir,^{[citation needed]} Kayseri,^{[citation needed]} Konya^{[citation needed]}
Play^[209]	Reykjavík–Keflavík^[210]
Qatar Airways^[211]	Doha
Royal Air Maroc^[212]	Casablanca, Nador,^[213] Tangier^[214] Seasonal: Al Hoceima,^[213] Fez,^{[citation needed]} Oujda^{[citation needed]}
Royal Jordanian^[215]	Amman–Queen Alia^[216]
Ryanair^[217]	Dublin, Málaga
Saudia^[218]	Jeddah^[219] Seasonal: Riyadh^{[citation needed]}
Scandinavian Airlines^[220]	Copenhagen,^[221] Oslo,^[221] Stockholm–Arlanda^[221]
Singapore Airlines^[222]	Singapore
Sky Express^[223]	Athens^[224] Seasonal: Heraklion,^{[citation needed]} Kos,^{[citation needed]} Zakynthos^{[citation needed]}
Sun d'Or^[225]	Seasonal: Tel Aviv^{[citation needed]}
SunExpress^[226]	Izmir Seasonal: Adana/Mersin,^[227] Ankara,^{[citation needed]} Antalya,^{[citation needed]} Dalaman,^[228]^{[better source needed]} Kayseri,^{[citation needed]} Konya^{[citation needed]}
Surinam Airways^[229]	Paramaribo
Swiss International Air Lines^[230]	Zurich^[231]
TAP Air Portugal^[232]	Lisbon^[233]
TAROM^[234]	Bucharest–Otopeni
Transavia^[235]	Agadir (begins 1 April 2025),^[236] Alicante,^[237] Amman–Queen Alia (suspended),^[238]^[239] Athens,^[237] Barcelona,^[237] Bari,^[237] Beirut (suspended), Casablanca,^[240] Catania,^[241] Dubai–International, Faro,^[237] Fuerteventura, Funchal, Granada,^[242]^[243] Gran Canaria,^[244] Heraklion,^[245] Ibiza,^[237] Innsbruck,^[240] Lanzarote,^[241] La Palma,^[246] Larnaca,^[241] Lisbon,^[241] Ljubljana,^[237] Málaga,^[237] Marrakesh,^[241] Naples,^[241] Nice,^[237] Paris–Orly (resumes 30 March 2025),^[247] Pisa,^[237] Porto,^[237] Reykjavík–Keflavík,^[245] Riga,^[237] Salzburg,^[244] Seville,^[237] Skopje (begins 30 March 2025),^[236] Tbilisi,^[248] Tel Aviv (suspended)^{[citation needed]}, Tenerife–South,^[241] Thessaloniki,^[245] Tirana,^[249]^[241] Valencia^[237] Seasonal: Antalya,^{[citation needed]} Bodrum,^{[citation needed]} Chania,^[241] Chios,^{[citation needed]} Corfu,^[246] Dalaman,^{[citation needed]} Girona,^[241] Hurghada,^[250] Izmir,^{[citation needed]} Kalamata,^[241] Kefalonia,^[241] Kos,^[241] Menorca,^[246] Mykonos,^[246] Olbia,^[241] Palma de Mallorca,^[237] Paphos,^[241] Ponta Delgada,^[251]^[246] Preveza,^[241] Rhodes,^[241] Samos,^{[citation needed]} Santorini,^[246] Sharm El Sheikh,^[252] Split,^[246] Tromsø,^[253] Verona,^[237] Zakynthos^[241] Seasonal charter: Akureyri,^{[citation needed]} Ivalo,^[254] Kittilä,^{[citation needed]} Kuusamo,^{[citation needed]} Rovaniemi,^{[citation needed]} Skellefteå^{[citation needed]}
TUI fly Netherlands^[255]	Aruba, Banjul, Boa Vista, Bonaire, Cancún, Curaçao, Fuerteventura,^[256] Gran Canaria,^[256] Hurghada, Lanzarote,^[256] Montego Bay, Punta Cana, Sal, São Vicente, Tenerife–South,^[256] Varadero Seasonal: Antalya,^{[citation needed]} Bodrum,^{[citation needed]} Burgas,^{[citation needed]} Chania,^{[citation needed]} Corfu,^{[citation needed]} Dakar–Diass,^{[citation needed]} Dalaman,^{[citation needed]} Djerba,^{[citation needed]} Enfidha,^{[citation needed]} Funchal,^{[citation needed]} Heraklion,^{[citation needed]} Ibiza,^{[citation needed]} Ivalo,^[257] Izmir,^{[citation needed]} Kajaani (begins 17 January 2025),^[257] Karpathos,^{[citation needed]} Kavala,^{[citation needed]} Kefalonia,^{[citation needed]} Kittilä,^[257] Kos,^{[citation needed]} La Palma,^{[citation needed]} Marsa Alam,^{[citation needed]} Ohrid,^{[citation needed]} Palma de Mallorca,^{[citation needed]} Ponta Delgada,^{[citation needed]} Preveza,^{[citation needed]} Rhodes,^{[citation needed]} Sälen–Trysil,^[258] Samos,^{[citation needed]} Skiathos,^{[citation needed]} Terceira,^{[citation needed]} Tirana (begins 12 July 2025),^[259] Zakynthos^{[citation needed]}
Turkish Airlines^[260]	Istanbul^[261]
United Airlines^[262]	Chicago–O'Hare, Houston–Intercontinental,^[263] Newark, Washington–Dulles^[263] Seasonal: San Francisco^{[citation needed]}
Vueling^[264]	Alicante,^[265] Asturias,^[266] Barcelona,^[265] Bilbao,^[267] Florence, Málaga,^[265] Valencia^[265] Seasonal: Ibiza,^[268] Lisbon,^[269] Palma de Mallorca,^[270] Santiago de Compostela^{[citation needed]}
XiamenAir^[271]	Xiamen^{[citation needed]}

Notes

^1 British Airways operates flights from London-Stansted to Amsterdam. This is a one-way service with the return flight destined for London-City. London-Stansted is therefore not listed as a destination from Amsterdam for British Airways.^[272]

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
Air China Cargo^[273]	Chongqing, Shanghai–Pudong, Tianjin, Zaragoza
Atlas Air^[274]	Almaty, Atlanta, Chicago–O'Hare, Miami, Seoul–Incheon, Taipei–Taoyuan
Avianca Cargo^[275]	Miami, Zaragoza
Cargolux^[276]	Luxembourg
Cathay Cargo^[277]	Hong Kong
China Airlines Cargo^[278]	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Delhi, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Cargo Airlines^{[citation needed]}	Copenhagen, Ningbo, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Xi'an, Zaragoza
China Southern Airlines Cargo^[279]	Guangzhou, Shanghai–Pudong
DHL Aviation^{[citation needed]}	East Midlands, Leipzig/Halle, London–Heathrow, Madrid
Emirates SkyCargo^[280]	Aguadilla, Chicago O'Hare, Dubai–International, Frankfurt, Houston–Intercontinental, Madrid, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Oslo, Zaragoza
Etihad Cargo^[281]	Abu Dhabi, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
FedEx Express^{[citation needed]}	Oslo, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Kalitta Air^{[citation needed]}	New York–JFK
Korean Air Cargo^[282]	Seoul–Incheon, Stockholm–Arlanda
LATAM Cargo Chile^[283]	Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Campinas, Miami, Santiago de Chile
Martinair^[284]	Bogotá, Cairo, Harare, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo, Miami, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Hong Kong, Dubai
MASkargo^[285]	Dubai–Al Maktoum, Kuala Lumpur–International
MNG Airlines^{[citation needed]}	Istanbul
Nippon Cargo Airlines^[286]	Milan–Malpensa, Tokyo–Narita
Qatar Airways Cargo^[287]	Chicago–O'Hare, Doha, Los Angeles
Saudia Cargo^[288]	Dammam, Jeddah, Riyadh
Silk Way West Airlines^[289]	Baku
Singapore Airlines Cargo^[290]	London–Heathrow, Sharjah, Singapore
Suparna Airlines Cargo^{[citation needed]}	Nanjing
Turkish Cargo^[291]	Istanbul
West Atlantic^[292]	Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Turku

Other users

Other regular users of Schiphol are the Netherlands Coastguard whose aircraft are operated by the Royal Netherlands Air Force, the Dienst Luchtvaart Politie and the Dutch Dakota Association.

Peak moments

Typical peak moments at Schiphol Airport are between 09:00 and 11:00, and between 13:00 and 15:00 for departures, with up to 58 departures between 14:00 and 15:00 on a typical weekday (a departure nearly every minute).^[293] The peak moment for arrivals is between 08:00 and 09:00 (with up to 52 arrivals on a weekday).^[294]

Statistics

**Annual passenger traffic**^[295]
Year	Passengers	% change	Year	Passengers	% change
2000	39,606,925	7.7%	2012	51,035,590	2.6%
2001	39,531,123	-0.2%	2013	52,569,200	3.0%
2002	40,736,009	3.1%	2014	54,978,023	4.6%
2003	39,960,400	-1.9%	2015	58,284,864	6.0%
2004	42,541,180	6.5%	2016	63,625,534	9.2%
2005	44,157,005	3.8%	2017	68,515,425	7.7%
2006	46,066,465	4.3%	2018	71,053,147	3.7%
2007	47,795,148	3.8%	2019	71,706,999	1.0%
2008	47,430,112	-0.8%	2020	20,884,044	-70.9%
2009	43,570,372	-8.1%	2021	25,492,633	22.1%
2010	45,211,749	3.8%	2022	52,472,188	105.8%
2011	49,755,252	10.1%	2023	61,889,586	18.0%

**Busiest European routes to/from Amsterdam Airport (2023)**^[5]
Rank	Change	Airport	Passengers 2023	Change %	Airlines
1		Barcelona, Spain	1,463,375	21.5	KLM, Transavia, Vueling
2		London-Heathrow, United Kingdom	1,385,669	21.5	British Airways, KLM
3		Dublin, Ireland	1,187,883	18.4	Aer Lingus, KLM, Ryanair
4		Copenhagen, Denmark	1,122,161	15.3	EasyJet, KLM, Norwegian, SAS
5	1	Paris–Charles de Gaulle, France	1,098,577	20.7	Air France, KLM
6	1	Madrid, Spain	1,052,475	8.3	Air Europa, Iberia Express, KLM
7		Lisbon, Portugal	1,008,136	11.8	EasyJet, KLM, TAP, Transavia, Vueling
8	2	Manchester, United Kingdom	947,755	34.0	EasyJet, KLM
9	8	London-Gatwick, United Kingdom	831,080	37.3	British Airways, EasyJet
10	1	Berlin, Germany	814,549	19.8	EasyJet, KLM
11	3	Istanbul, Turkey	792,719	0.7	KLM, Turkish Airlines
12		Stockholm-Arlanda, Sweden	778,151	15.7	KLM, Norwegian, SAS
13	2	Vienna, Austria	767,416	25.4	Austrian, KLM
14	1	Málaga, Spain	765,203	19.1	EasyJet, KLM, Ryanair, Transavia, Vueling
15	1	Zürich, Switzerland	743,380	16.7	KLM, Swiss
16	7	Rome–Fiumicino, Italy	733,349	7.8	ITA, KLM, Vueling
17	1	Munich, Germany	718,830	17.5	KLM, Lufthansa
18		Oslo, Norway	674,092	17.4	KLM, Norwegian, SAS
19	2	Frankfurt am Main, Germany	646,045	27.8	KLM, Lufthansa
20	1	Helsinki, Finland	596,287	11.9	Finnair, KLM

**Busiest intercontinental routes to/from Amsterdam Airport (2023)**^[5]
Rank	Change	Airport	Passengers 2023	Change %	Airlines
1		Dubai-International, United Arab Emirates	945,900	24.4	Emirates, KLM, Transavia
2	1	New York–JFK, United States	862,559	17.9	Delta, JetBlue, KLM
3	1	Atlanta, United States	794,053	5.1	Delta, KLM
4		Willemstad, Curaçao	611,504	6.0	Corendon, KLM, TUI
5	2	Toronto-Pearson, Canada	547,907	28.6	Air Canada, Air Transat, KLM
6		Detroit, United States	525,621	22.1	Delta
7	1	Minneapolis/St. Paul, United States	523,319	31.2	Delta, KLM
8	3	Tel Aviv, Israel	486,283	10.3	Arkia, EasyJet, El Al, KLM, Sun d'Or, Transavia
9	1	Boston, United States	388,523	25.4	Delta, JetBlue, KLM
10	4	Nairobi-Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya	351,921	24.9	Kenya Airways, KLM
11	2	Mexico City, Mexico	340,001	1.2	Aeroméxico, KLM
12	11	Doha, Qatar	321,913	38.3	Qatar Airways
13	15	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Thailand	317,577	47.6	EVA Air, KLM
14	1	Singapore-Changi, Singapore	315,835	8.0	KLM, Singapore Airlines
15	4	Los Angeles, United States	301,462	1.4	KLM
16	1	Chicago-O'Hare, United States	299,108	10.8	KLM, United
17		Houston-Intercontinental, United States	292,667	12.3	KLM, United
18	2	Paramaribo-Zanderij, Suriname	291,964	18.2	KLM, Surinam Airways
19	3	Seattle/Tacoma, United States	288,664	8.7	Delta
20	7	Cape Town, South Africa	277,523	26.0	KLM

**Main cargo routes to/from Amsterdam Airport (2023)**^[5]
Rank	Change	Airport	Tonnes 2023	Change %
1		Shanghai-Pudong, China	201,186	14.9
2		Doha, Qatar	72,650	8.6
3	2	Nairobi-Jomo Kenyatta, Kenya	53,021	0.6
4		Guangzhou, China	46,354	13.8
5	2	Quito, Ecuador	45,619	7.9
6	3	Chicago-O'Hare, United States	44,330	23.3
7	6	Seoul-Incheon, South Korea	41,205	25.7
8	1	Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates	40,541	3.8
9	1	Baku, Azerbaijan	39,364	6.2
10	2	Istanbul, Turkey	37,310	11.7
11	3	Dubai-International, United Arab Emirates	37,298	6.9
12	6	Singapore-Changi, Singapore	34,891	23.4
13	1	Tokyo-Narita, Japan	32,643	7.4
14	3	Miami, United States	31,396	10.7
15	5	Leipzig, Germany	24,680	7.6
16	3	Jeddah, Saudi Arabia	24,519	8.5
17	1	Dubai-Al Maktoum, United Arab Emirates	24,392	11.3
18	2	Johannesburg-O.R. Tambo, South Africa	24,038	18.3
19	2	Taipei-Taoyuan, Taiwan	23,868	2.0
20	3	Nanjing, China	20,527	27.6

**Countries with most air traffic movements to/from Amsterdam Airport (2023)**^[5]
Rank	Country	Movements 2023	Change %
1	United Kingdom	71,701	22.9
2	Germany	39,434	16.3
3	Spain	39,177	7.4
4	Italy	28,292	1.1
5	United States	24,784	7.8
6	France	24,217	9.7
7	Norway	16,881	15.2
8	Switzerland	15,322	12.1
9	Denmark	15,060	9.4
10	Portugal	11,377	7.8

**Countries with most passenger movements to/from Amsterdam Airport (2023)**^[5]
Rank	Country	Passengers 2023	Change %
1	United Kingdom	7,963,189	28.5
2	Spain	6,269,365	13.2
3	United States	5,825,010	14.7
4	Italy	3,619,994	11.7
5	Germany	3,515,495	25.7
6	France	2,706,232	16.7
7	Turkey	2,114,879	2.2
8	Greece	1,740,923	6.0
9	Portugal	1,733,251	12.2
10	Switzerland	1,687,181	17.7

Other facilities

The TransPort Building on the Schiphol Airport property houses the head offices of Martinair and transavia.^[296] Construction of the building, which has 10,800 m² (116,000 sq ft) of rentable space, began on 17 March 2009. Schiphol Group and the architect firm Paul de Ruiter designed the building, while construction firm De Vries & Verburg constructed the building.^[297]

The World Trade Center Schiphol Airport houses the head office of SkyTeam,^[298]^[299] local offices of China Southern Airlines^[300] and Iran Air.^[301]

The head office of Schiphol Group, the airport's operator, is located on the airport property.^[302]

The original control tower of Schiphol Airport, which the airport authorities had moved slightly from its original location, now houses a restaurant.^[303]

The area Schiphol-Rijk includes the head office of TUI fly Netherlands.^[304]

At one time, KLM had its head office briefly on the grounds of Schiphol Airport.^[305] Its current head office in nearby Amstelveen had a scheduled completion at the end of 1970.^[306] Previously Martinair had its head office in the Schiphol Center (Dutch: Schiphol Centrum) at Schiphol Airport.^[307]^[308] Formerly, the head office of Transavia was in the Building Triport III at Schiphol Airport.^[309]^[310]^[311] NLM Cityhopper and later KLM Cityhopper previously had their head offices in Schiphol Airport building 70.^[312]

The Convair Building, with its development beginning after a parcel was earmarked for its development in 1999, houses various KLM offices,^[303] including KLM Recruitment Services and the head office of KLM Cityhopper.^[313]^[314]

Nippon Cargo Airlines has its Europe regional headquarters at Schiphol.^[315] The National Aerospace Museum Aviodome–Schiphol was previously located at Schiphol.^[316]

There used to be an aviation museum, but in 2003, it moved to Lelystad Airport and was renamed the "Aviodrome."^[317]

Ground transport

Rail

The Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), the national Dutch train operator, has a major passenger railway station directly underneath the passenger terminal complex that offers transportation 24 hours a day into the four major cities Amsterdam, Utrecht, The Hague and Rotterdam. There are efficient and often direct services to many other cities in the country.^[318] There are intercity connections to Almere, Lelystad, Amsterdam Centraal, Utrecht Centraal, both The Hague Centraal and The Hague HS, Rotterdam Centraal, Eindhoven Centraal, 's-Hertogenbosch, Leeuwarden, Groningen, Amersfoort Centraal, Apeldoorn, Deventer, Enschede, Arnhem Centraal, Nijmegen and Venlo. Schiphol is also a stop for the Eurostar international high-speed train (formerly known as Thalys), connecting the airport directly to Antwerp, Brussels and Paris Gare du Nord, as well as to Bourg St Maurice (winter) and Marseille (summer). The Intercity-Brussel (also named the "Beneluxtrein") to Antwerp and Brussels stops at the airport.

Bus

Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is also easily accessible by bus, as many services call or terminate at the bus station located in front of the terminal building.^[319]

The Taiwanese EVA Air provides private bus services from Schiphol to Belgium for its Belgium-based customers. The service, which departs from and arrives at bus stop C11, goes to Saint-Gilles, Brussels (near the Brussels-South (Midi) railway station) and Berchem, Antwerp (near Antwerp-Berchem bus station). The service is co-operated with Reizen Lauwers NV.^[320]

Road

Schiphol Airport can easily be reached by car via the A4 and A9 motorways.^[321]

While most roads leading to the airport are forbidden for bicycles, it is possible to reach the airport by bicycle via bicycle paths.

Accidents and incidents

On 14 November 1946, a Douglas C-47 operated by KLM from London approached Schiphol during bad weather conditions. The first two attempts to land failed. During the third attempt, the pilot realized that the airplane was not lined up properly with the runway. The aircraft made a sharp left turn at low speed, causing the left wing to hit the ground. The airplane crashed and caught fire, killing all 26 people on board.
On 4 October 1992, El Al Flight 1862, a Boeing 747-200F cargo jet en route to Tel Aviv, lost both right-wing engines (#3 and #4) just after taking off from Schiphol and crashed into an apartment building in the Bijlmer neighbourhood of Amsterdam while attempting to return to the airport. A total of 47 people were killed, including the plane's crew of three and a non-revenue passenger. In addition to these fatalities, 11 people were seriously injured and 15 people received minor injuries.
On 4 April 1994, KLM Cityhopper Flight 433, a Saab 340 to Cardiff, returned to Schiphol after setting the number two engine to flight idle because the crew mistakenly believed that the engine suffered from low oil pressure because of a faulty warning light. On final approach at a height of 90 ft (27 m), the captain decided to go-around and gave full throttle on only the number one engine, leaving the other in flight idle. The airplane rolled to the right, pitched up, stalled and hit the ground at 80 degrees bank. Of the 24 people on board, three were killed, including the captain. Nine others were seriously injured.
On 25 February 2009, Turkish Airlines Flight 1951, a Boeing 737-800 from Istanbul crashed on approach, just 1 km (0.6 mi) short of the airport's Polderbaan runway. The plane carried 128 passengers and 7 crew on board. 9 people were killed and a further 86 were injured, including six with serious injuries. Four of the dead were employees of Boeing, involved in an advanced radar deal with Turkey. An initial report from the Dutch Safety Board revealed that the left radio altimeter had failed to provide the correct height above the ground and suddenly reported −8 ft (−2.4 m). As a result of this the autothrottle system closed the thrust levers to idle, as it is programmed to reduce thrust when below 27 ft (8.2 m) radio altitude. This eventually resulted in a dropping airspeed that was not acted upon until it was too late to recover, and the aircraft stalled and crashed in a field.
On 23 February 2017, a Bombardier Dash-8 Q400 operated by Flybe suffered a collapse of its right landing gear after landing at the Oostbaan.^[322] The plane took off from Edinburgh after a 1.5-hour delay and had to battle storm Doris throughout the flight and during landing. None of the 59 passengers and four crew was injured in the incident, but the aircraft sustained significant damage.
On 29 May 2024, an airport worker died after being ingested into the engine of an Embraer 190 operating as KLM Cityhopper Flight 1341.^[323] The incident occurred on the airport's apron during pushback as the aircraft was preparing to depart for Billund.^[324] Investigators from the Dutch Safety Board determined that the worker intentionally jumped into the running engine to commit suicide.^[325]

Notes

^ Common name: 'Polderbaan'
^ Common name: 'Kaagbaan'
^ Common name: 'Buitenveldertbaan'
^ Common name: 'Aalsmeerbaan'
^ Common name: 'Zwanenburgbaan'
^ Common name: 'Oostbaan'
^ In English, Schiphol is usually pronounced /ˈskɪp(h)ɒl/^[7]
^ The Netherlands numbers floors from 0th floor and up.

References

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c "Major Europe Airports".
^ "Amsterdam airport – Economic and social impact". Ecquants. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Schiphol | Airport Facts about Dutch international airport". Schiphol. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
^ "CBS StatLine – Luchtvaart; maandcijfers Nederlandse luchthavens van nationaal belang". Archived from the original on 26 December 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Traffic review 2023 (Report). Amsterdam: Royal Schiphol Group. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
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v t e Populated places in the municipality of Haarlemmermeer
Towns	Badhoevedorp Hoofddorp Nieuw-Vennep Zwanenburg
Villages	Abbenes Beinsdorp Buitenkaag Burgerveen Cruquius Halfweg Lijnden Lisserbroek Rozenburg [nl] Spaarndam-Oost [nl] Spaarnwoude Vijfhuizen Weteringbrug Zwaanshoek Business parks and airports Schiphol Schiphol-Rijk
Hamlets	Aalsmeerderbrug Boesingheliede 't Kabel Leimuiderbrug Nieuwe Meer
List of cities, towns and villages in North Holland

v t e Amsterdam
Index of Amsterdam-related articles
By topic	History (timeline) Van Amstel family Amstelland Amstel People Architecture (Amsterdam School, Grachtengordel, Stelling van Amsterdam, tallest buildings) Economy (Euronext Amsterdam, Amsterdam Science Park, Port of Amsterdam‎, RAI Amsterdam, WTC, Zuidas)
Boroughs & areas	Boroughs Centrum Nieuw-West Noord Oost West Zuid Zuidoost Urban areas Weesp Area Westpoort
Government	Government Mayors Amsterdam regional transport authority Metropolitan area Expansion Royal Palace of Amsterdam Stopera
Transportation	Transport Trams Metro Railway stations Streets Cycling Canals GVB Airport (Schiphol)
Culture	Books about Amsterdam Tourist attractions Outdoor sculptures Museums (Het Scheepvaartmuseum, NEMO, Rijksmuseum, Van Gogh Museum, Wereldmuseum) Cinema (Films, Tuschinski, Eye Filmmuseum) Music (music venues, songs, Jordaanlied) Theatre (Royal Theater Carré, Stadsschouwburg, DeLaMar, Theater Amsterdam) Cuisine (restaurants) Walls Openbare Bibliotheek Amsterdam Albert Cuyp Market Noordermarkt De Hallen SAIL Amsterdam Amsterdammertje Artis (zoo) De Wallen Coffeeshop Sports (Ajax, Johan Cruyff Arena) National Monument on Dam Square Coat of arms Flag Mokum
Education	De Ateliers Esprit Scholengroep Royal Tropical Institute Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten Sandberg Institute Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences Netherlands Film Academy Amsterdam University of the Arts University of Amsterdam Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Parks and open spaces	Parks Amstelpark Amsterdamse Bos Beatrixpark Diemerpark Flevopark Frankendael Hortus Botanicus Oosterpark Rembrandtpark Sarphatipark Sloterpark Vliegenbos Vondelpark Wertheimpark Westerpark Squares
Religious sites	Basilica of Saint Nicholas Begijnhof Chapel De Krijtberg He Hua Temple Nieuwe Kerk Noorderkerk Obrechtkerk Oude Kerk Portuguese Synagogue Westerkerk Westermoskee Zuiderkerk
Category Netherlands portal

Latest revision as of 02:41, 5 January 2025

Etymology

Description

History

Early years

Development since the 1990s

Infrastructure

Terminal

Departure Hall 1

Departure Hall 2

Departure Hall 3

A380

General aviation terminal

Other facilities

Future expansions

Pier A

Fourth terminal hall

Uniform platform

Public transportation

Airlines

Tower

Runways

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Cargo

Other users

Peak moments

Statistics

Other facilities

Ground transport

Rail

Bus

Road

Accidents and incidents

See also

Notes

References

Citations

General and cited reference

External links