Jump to content

Delhi-class destroyer: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Raymer (talk | contribs)
128 edits
typo
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
5,390,150 edits
Added date. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Pancho507 | Linked from User:Pancho507/sandbox | #UCB_webform_linked 173/3809
 
(363 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Indian class of warships}}
The '''Type 15 Delhi Class''' of [[Destroyers]] of [[Indian Navy]] is the most modern type of destroyers fully built in [[India]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}


{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
==Ships of Delhi Class==
{{Infobox ship image
*[[INS Delhi]]
| Ship image = File:INS Mumbai (D62) at sea.jpg
*[[INS Mysore]]
*[[INS Mumbai]]
| Ship caption = INS ''Mumbai'' at sea
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
| Name = ''Delhi'' class
| Builders = [[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| Operators = {{navy|IND}}
| Class before = {{sclass|Rajput|destroyer|4}}
| Class after = {{sclass|Kolkata|destroyer|4}}
| Subclasses =
| Cost =
| Built range = 1987–2001
| In service range =
| In commission range = 1997–present
| Total ships building =
| Total ships planned = 3
| Total ships completed = 3
| Total ships cancelled =
| Total ships active = 3
| Total ships laid up =
| Total ships lost =
| Total ships retired =
| Total ships preserved =
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Header caption =
| Ship type = [[Guided-missile destroyer]]
| Ship displacement = 6,200 tonnes (full)<ref name="in-destroyers">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |title=IN Ships-Destroyers-Delhi Class |publisher=Indian Navy |access-date=2011-12-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127113140/http://indiannavy.nic.in/naval-fleet/delhi-class |archive-date=27 January 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| Ship length = {{convert|163|m|ft|abbr=on}} <ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship beam = {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship height =
| Ship draught = {{convert|6.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship draft =
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion = *2 × [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E propulsion plants with DT-59 gas turbines {{convert|82,820|hp|kW|abbr=on}}
* 2 shafts with [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|cp props]]<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship speed = {{convert|32|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship range = {{convert|4500|mi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|18|kn}}<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship endurance =
| Ship complement = 350 (incl 40 officers)<ref name="in-destroyers"/>
| Ship sensors = *MR-755-MAE Fregat E-band air and surface search radar
* [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] RAWL (Signaal LW-08) D-band air search radar (INS Delhi, INS Mumbai)
* [[Indra Sistemas|Indra]] ([[Tata Advanced Systems|TASL]]) [[:es:Radar LANZA|Lanza-N]] [[L-band]] air surveillance radar (INS Mysore, after refit)
* Fregat M2EM E-Band (After Mid Life Refit; to replace MR-755-MAE)
* 3 × MR-212/201 I-band navigation radars
* 6 × MR-90 Orekh G-band [[Fire-control radar|fire-control]] FCR (for [[Buk missile system|Shtil-1]])
* MR-184 I/J-band FCR (INS Mysore; for [[AK-100 (naval gun)|AK-100]])
* BEL Lynx U2 FCR (INS Delhi, INS Mumbai; for [[OTO Melara 76 mm]])
* 2 × EL/M-2221 FCR (for [[Barak 1]])
* 2 × MR-123-02 I/J-band FCR (for [[AK-630]])
* Granit Garpun B FCR
* BEL HUMVAD hull-mounted sonar (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
* BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar (INS Mumbai)
* Thales Advanced Towed Array Sonar (INS Mumbai)<ref name="jfs-0809"/>
| Ship EW = *BEL Ajanta Mk 2 [[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]]
* BEL Ellora MK2 ESM(After Mid life Refit)
* Elettronica TQN-2 jammer
* 2 PK2 chaff launchers
* [[Kavach (anti-missile system)]] (After Mid life Refit)
* Towed decoys<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship armament = *8 × [[BrahMos]] (slant launchers) (''Delhi'', ''Mumbai'')<ref>https://twitter.com/alpha_defense/status/1691718178198499670/photo/2 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/carroll_darian/status/1741170182008054261/photo/1 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/Jayesh61189/status/1492364209492951043 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>
*16 × [[Kh-35E]] (slant launchers) (''Mysore'')
* 32 × [[Barak 1]]
* 2 × [[Buk missile system|Shtil-1]] SAM systems (24 missiles each)
* 1 × [[OTO Melara 76 mm]] [[Naval artillery|naval gun]] (replaced [[AK-100 Naval gun|AK-100]] naval gun)
* 2 × [[AK-630]] [[Close-in weapon system|CIWS]]
* 2 × [[RBU-6000]] rocket launchers
* Quintuple 533mm torpedo tubes
* 2 rails of depth charges<ref name="jfs-0809">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009|date=2008|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710628459|page=324|edition=111th|chapter=India}}</ref>
| Ship armour =
| Ship armor =
| Ship aircraft = 2 × [[Westland Sea King|Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| Ship aircraft facilities =
}}
|}

The '''''Delhi-''class destroyers''', also known '''Project 15''' are a class [[guided-missile destroyer]]s of the [[Indian Navy]]. Three ships of this class are in active service.<ref name=in-destroyers/> The ''Delhi''-class vessels were the largest vessels to be built in India at the time of their commissioning.<ref name="jdw-17sep97">{{cite journal|last1=Bedi|first1=Rahul|title=Indian-built destroyer to be commissioned|journal=Jane's Defence Weekly|date=17 September 1997|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Horley|issn=0265-3818}}</ref> The ships were built by [[Mazagon Dock Limited]] (MDL) at a cost of {{INRConvert|750|c|lk=on|year=1999}} each.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bedi|first1=Rahul|title=Mixed fortunes for India's defense industrial revolution|journal=Jane's International Defense Review|date=1 May 1999|volume=32|issue=5|location=Coulsdon|issn=1476-2129}}</ref>

==Development==
The design and development of the ship class began as "Project 15" in 1980. Initially, the ships were planned to be follow-on frigates of the {{sclass|Godavari|frigate|4}} with the addition of [[RBU-6000]] [[Anti-submarine warfare|ASW]] rocket launchers and gas turbine propulsion. A Soviet offer in 1983 for reversible gas turbines and modern weapon systems forced a redesign of the ships from 3,500-tonne frigates to 6,300-tonne destroyers.<ref name="hiranandani2">{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990|date=2009|publisher=Lancer|location=Delhi|pages=50–51|isbn=9788170622666|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1WxI9TlAxIQC&pg=PA50}}</ref> The Directorate of Naval Design completed the design around the mid 1980s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hiranandani|first1=G. M.|title=Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000|publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC|isbn=9781935501664|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2snz5Cfb0gC&pg=RA2-PT183|language=en}}</ref> Model tests were carried out at SSPA, Sweden in 1985 and parallelly at Krylov Institute, [[Soviet Union]] in 1986. [[Severnoye Design Bureau]] provided design inputs for weapons and propulsion packages. The mutual interface suppression system for electromagnetic compatibility was supplied by the Soviets.<ref name="hiranandani2"/> The break-up of the Soviet Union affected the supply of weapon systems, contributing to a three-year delay in the construction of vessels.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/>

==Design and description==

The ''Delhi'' class has been described as a stretched {{sclass|Rajput|destroyer|4}} with some elements incorporated from ''Godavari''-class frigates and {{sclass|Sovremennyy|destroyer|2}}s.<ref name="jfs-0405"/><ref name="miltech-nov04">{{cite journal|last=Annati|first=Massimo|date=November 2004|volume=28|issue=11|title=The Asian DDG Race|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/199087688|journal=Military Technology|url-access=subscription|pages=31–39|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226|oclc=137343253|id={{ProQuest|199087688}} |via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> The fore [[Funnel (ship)|funnel]] is placed on the port side, while the aft funnel is placed on the starboard.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The propulsion system consists of two [[Zorya-Mashproekt]] M36E gas turbine plants driving two [[Variable-pitch propeller (marine)|controllable-pitch propellers]]. Each gas turbine plant comprises two DT-59 reversible gas turbines connected to an RG-54 gearbox in a [[combined gas and gas]] system and is placed in a separate engine room.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> The vessels are equipped for operation in a [[nuclear, biological and chemical warfare]] environment.<ref name="jdw-17sep97"/> ''Delhi''-class vessels are fitted with flag facilities, enabling them to act as command unit in task groups.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> {{INS|Mysore|D60|6}} features better air conditioning facilities to correct heat dissipation issues encountered while operationalising {{INS|Delhi|D61|6}}.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Indian destroyer set for commission |journal=Jane's International Defense Review |date=1 April 1999 |volume=32 |issue=4 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Coulsdon |issn=1476-2129}}</ref>

===Armament===

For air defence role, ''Delhi'' class is fitted with [[Buk missile system#Naval versions|9K-90 ''Uragan'']] (NATO: SA-N-7 Gadfly) [[Anti-aircraft warfare|air-defence]] system comprising a pair of 3S-90 single-arm launchers and [[Buk missile system#9М38 and 9М38M1 missile|9M38M1 ''Shtil'']] missiles. One launcher is installed forward of the bridge and the other atop the dual helicopter hangar. Each launcher carries a 24 missile magazine for a total of 48 rounds. The missiles have {{convert|35|–|40|km}} range and feature [[semi-active radar homing]]. MR-775 Fregat-MAE ([[NATO reporting name|NATO]]: Half Plate) radar provides target designation and six MR-90/3R-90 ''Orekh'' (NATO: Front Dome) illuminators are used for fire control.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/><ref name="seaforth-2011"/> The system can track twelve targets and engage a maximum of six tracked targets simultaneously.<ref name="miltech-sep98">{{cite journal|last=Khan|first=M A|date=September 1998|volume=22|issue=9|title=DELHI and beyond|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/199041413|journal=Military Technology|url-access=subscription|pages=68–70|location=Bonne|publisher=Mönch Publishing Group|issn=0722-3226|oclc=137343253|id={{ProQuest|199041413}} |via=[[ProQuest]]}}</ref> Last-ditch missile defence is provided by [[AK-630]]-based [[close-in weapon system]]. As of 2024, all three vessels of the class have been upgraded with an additional IAI/Rafael [[Barak 1]] [[point defence]] missile system. Originally four [[AK-630]] rotary cannons surrounding the aft mast, which are guided by two MR-123-02 (NATO: Bass Tilt) fire-control radars were installed but after Midlife Refit, the two AK-630 mounts ahead of the aft mast have each been replaced by pair of eight-cell Barak 1 vertical launch systems, for a total of 32 missiles. The missiles have a range of {{convert|10|km|abbr=on}} and use [[Command guidance#Command to Line-Of-Sight (CLOS)|command line-of-sight guidance]] provided by a pair of EL/M-2221 fire-control radars that replace MR-123-02 fire-control radars on upgraded ships. A Signaal LW08 radar license produced by [[Bharat Electronics Limited|BEL]] as RAWL provides long range air search capability.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>

The surface missile battery of ''Delhi'' class includes 16 [[Kh-35|Kh-35E ''Uran'']] missiles placed in four quadruple sloped launchers. The missiles feature [[active radar homing]] and are guided by a Granit Garpun B (NATO: Plank Shave) fire-control radar. They have a maximum range of {{convert|130|km}} and are capable of [[sea skimming]].<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The missile battery was initially intended to be eight [[P-270 Moskit|3M80E ''Moskit'']] cruise missiles as evidenced by large blast deflectors present on the lead ship, INS ''Delhi''. A single [[AK-100 (naval gun)|AK-100]] gun guided by MR-184/MR-145 fire-control system (NATO: Kite Screech), which comprises T-91E radar and Kondensor electro-optical sights, was originally fitted to the ships.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/><ref name="seaforth-2011">{{cite book |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Mrityunjoy |editor1-last=Waters |editor1-first=Conrad |title=Seaforth World Naval Review 2011 |date=2010 |publisher=Seaforth |location=Barnsley |isbn=978-1848320758 |pages=102–119}}</ref> The three ships have replaced the 100mm guns with [[OTO Melara 76 mm]] naval gun during refits in the early 2020s.

{{multiple image|perrow=2/2|total_width=360|caption_align=center
|align = left
|image_style = border:none;
|background color =
| title =
| image1 = D61 INS Delhi Fregat-MAE 3D Radar Vladivostok.jpg
| image2 = D61 INS Delhi RALW Early Warning Radar Vladivostok 2011-04-19.jpg
| image3= D61 INS Delhi 3S-90 Aft Launcher (Shtil AAW) Vladivostok 2011-04-19.jpg
| image4 = D61 INS Delhi RBU-6000 ASW Launcher Vladivostok 2011-04-19.jpg
| footer = {{font|size=110%|font=Sans-serif|text=Weapons and sensors fitment on Delhi-class.<br />(top) Fregat-MAE E-band radar, [[Bharat Electronics|BEL]] RAWL LW08, [[Buk missile system|Shitil-1]] SAM system, [[Larsen & Toubro|L&T]] [[RBU-6000]] ASW rocket launcher.}}
}}

A quintuple {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on|order=flip|0}} trainable torpedo launcher capable of firing SET 65E active/passive homing torpedo and [[Type 53 torpedo|Type 53–65]] wake homing torpedo is placed in between the funnels.<ref>{{cite web|title=MDL's Major Programmes – SP's Naval Forces|url=http://www.spsnavalforces.com/story/?id=278|website=SP's Naval Forces|publisher=SP Guide Publications|language=en|date=September 2013}}</ref><ref name="jfs-0405"/> A pair of 12-tubed RBU-6000 213mm anti-submarine rocket launchers fitted in front of the bridge can engage submarines up to a range of {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/><ref name="jfs-0405"/> Detection is provided by BEL HUMVAD, an indigenous hull-mounted sonar with a variable depth transducer that offers better performance in the waters around India.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> An Indal Model 15-750 handling system manufactured by [[GRSE]] is used to deploy the variable depth sonar of HUMVAD.<ref name="jni-1sep97">{{cite magazine|date=1 September 1997|title=India {{!}} First Project 15 set to commission|magazine=Jane's Navy International|location=Coulsdon|publisher=Jane's Information Group|issn=1358-3719}}</ref> The final ship of the class, {{INS|Mumbai}}, is fitted with an improved ASW suite consisting of BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar and Thales ATAS towed array sonar.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/>

The electronic warfare suite originally consisted of BEL Ajanta Mk 2 for [[electronic support measures]], Elettronica TQN-2 jammer and two PK-2 chaff launchers of Russian origin.<ref name="jfs-0405"/> The Ajanta Mk 2 system was later<!--Date is not provided in the source--> replaced by Ellora, which has an additional capability to provide [[electronic countermeasures]].<ref name="seaforth-2011"/> BEL Shikari combat display and management system, a derivative of Italian IPN-10, integrates weapon systems of diverse origin.<ref name="miltech-nov04"/> Each vessel can carry two [[Westland Sea King]] Mk 42B helicopters. The helicopters carry a surface search radar, a dipping sonar, [[A244-S]] lightweight torpedoes and [[Sea Eagle (missile)|Sea Eagle]] anti-ship missiles.<ref name="miltech-sep98"/> Samahé helicopter handling system is fitted on all vessels.<ref name="jfs-0405"/>

=== Modernisation ===
[[File:The_BrahMos_missile_fired_from_an_upgraded_modular_launcher_on_INS_Delhi_on_20_April_2022_-_1.jpg|thumb|213x213px|[[INS Delhi (D61)|INS Delhi]] fires BrahMos missile ]]
As of January 2024, INS Delhi (D61) and INS Mumbai (D62) has completed their mid-life refit that includes upgrades for several weapons and sensors. The Kh-35E ''Uran'' missiles has been replaced by BrahMos missiles, which was originally sanctioned in 2015 for two ships of this class. The primary radar has been replaced with Fregat M2EM radar from the older MR-755 Fregat-MAE. The AK-100 main gun has been replaced by [[OTO Melara 76 mm]] along with BEL Lynx U2 FCR. The electronics warfare system is upgraded to Ellora Mk II, with [[Kavach (anti-missile system)|Kavach]] decoy launchers.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mazumdar |first1=Mrityunjoy |title=Details emerge on INS Mumbai upgrade |url=https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/naval-warfare/details-emerge-ins-mumbai-upgrade/ |website=Shephard |access-date=17 April 2022 |language=en |date=29 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nod to new aircraft carrier, BrahMos missiles for six ships|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/nod-to-new-aircraft-carrier-brahmos-missiles-for-six-ships-115051301785_1.html|work=Business Standard|agency=IANS|date=13 May 2015}}</ref> Atlas Elektronik ACTAS towed-array sonar will be installed on all three ships.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Shukla|first1=Ajai|title=Sonar contract provides major boost to navy|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/sonar-contract-provides-major-boost-to-navy-114112500024_1.html|work=Business Standard|date=25 November 2014|location=New Delhi}}</ref> In April 2022, Brahmos missile was tested from [[INS Delhi (D61)|INS ''Delhi'']] with new modular slant launcher design.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2022 |title=BrahMos missile successfully tested from Navy's INS Delhi, IAF's Sukhoi-30 MKI |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/brahmos-missile-succesfully-tested-navy-ins-delhi-iaf-sukhoi-30-mki-7877736/ |access-date=3 July 2022 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Watch: Successful maiden BrahMos firing by INS Delhi from an upgraded modular launcher |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/watch-successful-maiden-brahmos-firing-by-ins-delhi-from-an-upgraded-modular-launcher/videoshow/90943024.cms |access-date=19 Apr 2022 |website=The Economic Times |date=19 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

===Relocation===

The ''Delhi''-class destroyers will be re-based to the [[Eastern Naval Command]], [[Visakhapatnam]]. Along with {{sclass|Nilgiri|frigate|4||2019}}, these will form a part of the carrier battle group of {{INS|Vikrant|2013|6}}. {{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} had reached its new base by December 2021 and was undergoing refit.<ref name="delh-rebase">{{cite web |last=Bhattacharjee |first=Sumit |date=2021-12-04 |title=Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/eastern-fleet-will-have-carrier-battle-group-vice-admiral/article37833874.ece/amp/ |work=The Hindu}}</ref>

==Ships of the class==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Name
!Pennant
!Builder
!Laid Down
!Launched
!Commissioned
!Homeport
!Status
|-
| rowspan='2'|{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}}
| rowspan='2'|D61
| rowspan=5|[[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
| rowspan='2'|14 November 1987
| rowspan='2'|1 February 1991
| rowspan='2'|15 November 1997<ref name="jfs-0405">{{cite book|editor1-last=Saunders|editor1-first=Stephen|editor1-mask=Commodore Stephen Saunders|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005|date=2004|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|isbn=978-0710626233|page=308|edition=107th|chapter=India}}</ref>
| [[Mumbai]] (erstwhile)
| rowspan="5" | Active
|-
| [[Visakhapatnam]]
|-
| rowspan='2'|{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}}
| rowspan='2'|D60
| rowspan='2'|2 February 1991
| rowspan='2'|4 June 1993
| rowspan='2'|2 June 1999<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| [[Mumbai]] (erstwhile)
|-
| [[Visakhapatnam]]
|-
| {{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}}
| D62
| 14 December 1992
| 20 March 1995
| 22 January 2001<ref name="jfs-0405"/>
| [[Visakhapatnam]]
|}

==Gallery==

{{Gallery
|width=160 | height=170
|File:INS Delhi.jpg
|{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} during Defence of Gujarat in 2013.
|File:INS Delhi-2.jpg
|{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} departing Portsmouth Naval Base, UK, 2009.
|File:INS Delhi (D61) docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at INS Kadamba (Karwar).jpg
|{{INS|Delhi|D61|2}} docked using the shiplift system at Naval Ship Repair Yard at [[INS Kadamba]] (Karwar).
|File:INS Mysore D60 India.jpg
|{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} and [[USS Fitzgerald]] transit in formation during Malabar.
|File:IMDEX 2007 Mysore (523759313).jpg
|{{INS|Mysore|D60|2}} during IMDEX 2007.
|File:INS Mumbai (D62) performing transfer of personnel at sea.jpg
|Mumbai (D62) performing transfer of personnel at sea.
|File:INS Mumbai enters Port of Duqm in Oman.jpg
|{{INS|Mumbai|D62|2}} enters [[Al Duqm Port & Drydock|Port of Duqm]] in [[Oman]].
}}

==See also==
* [[List of active Indian Navy ships]]
* [[List of destroyers of India]]
* [[List of naval ship classes in service]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/182-Delhi-Class.html Delhi Class Destroyer – Bharat Rakshak] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010112624/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/182-Delhi-Class.html |date=10 October 2020 }}
* [https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/d-delhi.htm GlobalSecurity page on the ''Delhi'' class]

{{Destroyers of the Indian Navy}}
{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Delhi-class destroyer}}
[[Category:Destroyer classes]]
[[Category:Delhi-class destroyers| ]]
[[Category:Destroyers of the Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Ships built in India]]

Latest revision as of 02:00, 12 December 2024

INS Mumbai at sea
Class overview
NameDelhi class
BuildersMazagon Dock Limited
Operators Indian Navy
Preceded byRajput class
Succeeded byKolkata class
Built1987–2001
In commission1997–present
Planned3
Completed3
Active3
General characteristics
TypeGuided-missile destroyer
Displacement6,200 tonnes (full)[1]
Length163 m (535 ft) [1]
Beam17 m (56 ft)[1]
Draught6.5 m (21 ft)[1]
Propulsion
Speed32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)[2]
Range4,500 mi (7,200 km) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)[2]
Complement350 (incl 40 officers)[1]
Sensors and
processing systems
  • MR-755-MAE Fregat E-band air and surface search radar
  • BEL RAWL (Signaal LW-08) D-band air search radar (INS Delhi, INS Mumbai)
  • Indra (TASL) Lanza-N L-band air surveillance radar (INS Mysore, after refit)
  • Fregat M2EM E-Band (After Mid Life Refit; to replace MR-755-MAE)
  • 3 × MR-212/201 I-band navigation radars
  • 6 × MR-90 Orekh G-band fire-control FCR (for Shtil-1)
  • MR-184 I/J-band FCR (INS Mysore; for AK-100)
  • BEL Lynx U2 FCR (INS Delhi, INS Mumbai; for OTO Melara 76 mm)
  • 2 × EL/M-2221 FCR (for Barak 1)
  • 2 × MR-123-02 I/J-band FCR (for AK-630)
  • Granit Garpun B FCR
  • BEL HUMVAD hull-mounted sonar (INS Delhi, INS Mysore)
  • BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar (INS Mumbai)
  • Thales Advanced Towed Array Sonar (INS Mumbai)[3]
Electronic warfare
& decoys
  • BEL Ajanta Mk 2 ESM
  • BEL Ellora MK2 ESM(After Mid life Refit)
  • Elettronica TQN-2 jammer
  • 2 PK2 chaff launchers
  • Kavach (anti-missile system) (After Mid life Refit)
  • Towed decoys[2]
Armament
Aircraft carried2 × Sea King Mk 42B helicopters[2]

The Delhi-class destroyers, also known Project 15 are a class guided-missile destroyers of the Indian Navy. Three ships of this class are in active service.[1] The Delhi-class vessels were the largest vessels to be built in India at the time of their commissioning.[7] The ships were built by Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) at a cost of ₹750 crore (equivalent to ₹32 billion or US$390 million in 2023) each.[8]

Development

[edit]

The design and development of the ship class began as "Project 15" in 1980. Initially, the ships were planned to be follow-on frigates of the Godavari class with the addition of RBU-6000 ASW rocket launchers and gas turbine propulsion. A Soviet offer in 1983 for reversible gas turbines and modern weapon systems forced a redesign of the ships from 3,500-tonne frigates to 6,300-tonne destroyers.[9] The Directorate of Naval Design completed the design around the mid 1980s.[10] Model tests were carried out at SSPA, Sweden in 1985 and parallelly at Krylov Institute, Soviet Union in 1986. Severnoye Design Bureau provided design inputs for weapons and propulsion packages. The mutual interface suppression system for electromagnetic compatibility was supplied by the Soviets.[9] The break-up of the Soviet Union affected the supply of weapon systems, contributing to a three-year delay in the construction of vessels.[7]

Design and description

[edit]

The Delhi class has been described as a stretched Rajput class with some elements incorporated from Godavari-class frigates and Sovremennyy-class destroyers.[2][11] The fore funnel is placed on the port side, while the aft funnel is placed on the starboard.[2] The propulsion system consists of two Zorya-Mashproekt M36E gas turbine plants driving two controllable-pitch propellers. Each gas turbine plant comprises two DT-59 reversible gas turbines connected to an RG-54 gearbox in a combined gas and gas system and is placed in a separate engine room.[11] The vessels are equipped for operation in a nuclear, biological and chemical warfare environment.[7] Delhi-class vessels are fitted with flag facilities, enabling them to act as command unit in task groups.[11] INS Mysore features better air conditioning facilities to correct heat dissipation issues encountered while operationalising INS Delhi.[12]

Armament

[edit]

For air defence role, Delhi class is fitted with 9K-90 Uragan (NATO: SA-N-7 Gadfly) air-defence system comprising a pair of 3S-90 single-arm launchers and 9M38M1 Shtil missiles. One launcher is installed forward of the bridge and the other atop the dual helicopter hangar. Each launcher carries a 24 missile magazine for a total of 48 rounds. The missiles have 35–40 kilometres (22–25 mi) range and feature semi-active radar homing. MR-775 Fregat-MAE (NATO: Half Plate) radar provides target designation and six MR-90/3R-90 Orekh (NATO: Front Dome) illuminators are used for fire control.[11][13] The system can track twelve targets and engage a maximum of six tracked targets simultaneously.[14] Last-ditch missile defence is provided by AK-630-based close-in weapon system. As of 2024, all three vessels of the class have been upgraded with an additional IAI/Rafael Barak 1 point defence missile system. Originally four AK-630 rotary cannons surrounding the aft mast, which are guided by two MR-123-02 (NATO: Bass Tilt) fire-control radars were installed but after Midlife Refit, the two AK-630 mounts ahead of the aft mast have each been replaced by pair of eight-cell Barak 1 vertical launch systems, for a total of 32 missiles. The missiles have a range of 10 km (6.2 mi) and use command line-of-sight guidance provided by a pair of EL/M-2221 fire-control radars that replace MR-123-02 fire-control radars on upgraded ships. A Signaal LW08 radar license produced by BEL as RAWL provides long range air search capability.[11]

The surface missile battery of Delhi class includes 16 Kh-35E Uran missiles placed in four quadruple sloped launchers. The missiles feature active radar homing and are guided by a Granit Garpun B (NATO: Plank Shave) fire-control radar. They have a maximum range of 130 kilometres (81 mi) and are capable of sea skimming.[2] The missile battery was initially intended to be eight 3M80E Moskit cruise missiles as evidenced by large blast deflectors present on the lead ship, INS Delhi. A single AK-100 gun guided by MR-184/MR-145 fire-control system (NATO: Kite Screech), which comprises T-91E radar and Kondensor electro-optical sights, was originally fitted to the ships.[11][13] The three ships have replaced the 100mm guns with OTO Melara 76 mm naval gun during refits in the early 2020s.

Weapons and sensors fitment on Delhi-class.
(top) Fregat-MAE E-band radar, BEL RAWL LW08, Shitil-1 SAM system, L&T RBU-6000 ASW rocket launcher.

A quintuple 533-millimetre (21 in) trainable torpedo launcher capable of firing SET 65E active/passive homing torpedo and Type 53–65 wake homing torpedo is placed in between the funnels.[15][2] A pair of 12-tubed RBU-6000 213mm anti-submarine rocket launchers fitted in front of the bridge can engage submarines up to a range of 6 km (3.7 mi).[14][2] Detection is provided by BEL HUMVAD, an indigenous hull-mounted sonar with a variable depth transducer that offers better performance in the waters around India.[14] An Indal Model 15-750 handling system manufactured by GRSE is used to deploy the variable depth sonar of HUMVAD.[16] The final ship of the class, INS Mumbai, is fitted with an improved ASW suite consisting of BEL HUMSA hull-mounted sonar and Thales ATAS towed array sonar.[11]

The electronic warfare suite originally consisted of BEL Ajanta Mk 2 for electronic support measures, Elettronica TQN-2 jammer and two PK-2 chaff launchers of Russian origin.[2] The Ajanta Mk 2 system was later replaced by Ellora, which has an additional capability to provide electronic countermeasures.[13] BEL Shikari combat display and management system, a derivative of Italian IPN-10, integrates weapon systems of diverse origin.[11] Each vessel can carry two Westland Sea King Mk 42B helicopters. The helicopters carry a surface search radar, a dipping sonar, A244-S lightweight torpedoes and Sea Eagle anti-ship missiles.[14] Samahé helicopter handling system is fitted on all vessels.[2]

Modernisation

[edit]
INS Delhi fires BrahMos missile

As of January 2024, INS Delhi (D61) and INS Mumbai (D62) has completed their mid-life refit that includes upgrades for several weapons and sensors. The Kh-35E Uran missiles has been replaced by BrahMos missiles, which was originally sanctioned in 2015 for two ships of this class. The primary radar has been replaced with Fregat M2EM radar from the older MR-755 Fregat-MAE. The AK-100 main gun has been replaced by OTO Melara 76 mm along with BEL Lynx U2 FCR. The electronics warfare system is upgraded to Ellora Mk II, with Kavach decoy launchers.[17][18] Atlas Elektronik ACTAS towed-array sonar will be installed on all three ships.[19] In April 2022, Brahmos missile was tested from INS Delhi with new modular slant launcher design.[20][21]

Relocation

[edit]

The Delhi-class destroyers will be re-based to the Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam. Along with Nilgiri class, these will form a part of the carrier battle group of INS Vikrant. Mysore had reached its new base by December 2021 and was undergoing refit.[22]

Ships of the class

[edit]
Name Pennant Builder Laid Down Launched Commissioned Homeport Status
Delhi D61 Mazagon Dock Limited 14 November 1987 1 February 1991 15 November 1997[2] Mumbai (erstwhile) Active
Visakhapatnam
Mysore D60 2 February 1991 4 June 1993 2 June 1999[2] Mumbai (erstwhile)
Visakhapatnam
Mumbai D62 14 December 1992 20 March 1995 22 January 2001[2] Visakhapatnam
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f "IN Ships-Destroyers-Delhi Class". Indian Navy. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Commodore Stephen Saunders, ed. (2004). "India". Jane's Fighting Ships 2004–2005 (107th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. p. 308. ISBN 978-0710626233.
  3. ^ a b Commodore Stephen Saunders, ed. (2008). "India". Jane's Fighting Ships 2008–2009 (111th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. p. 324. ISBN 978-0710628459.
  4. ^ https://twitter.com/alpha_defense/status/1691718178198499670/photo/2 [bare URL]
  5. ^ https://twitter.com/carroll_darian/status/1741170182008054261/photo/1 [bare URL]
  6. ^ https://twitter.com/Jayesh61189/status/1492364209492951043 [bare URL]
  7. ^ a b c Bedi, Rahul (17 September 1997). "Indian-built destroyer to be commissioned". Jane's Defence Weekly. Horley: Jane's Information Group. ISSN 0265-3818.
  8. ^ Bedi, Rahul (1 May 1999). "Mixed fortunes for India's defense industrial revolution". Jane's International Defense Review. 32 (5). Coulsdon. ISSN 1476-2129.
  9. ^ a b Hiranandani, G. M. (2009). Transition to eminence: The Indian Navy 1976–1990. Delhi: Lancer. pp. 50–51. ISBN 9788170622666.
  10. ^ Hiranandani, G. M. Transition to Guardianship: The Indian Navy 1991–2000. Lancer Publishers LLC. ISBN 9781935501664.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h Annati, Massimo (November 2004). "The Asian DDG Race". Military Technology. 28 (11). Bonne: Mönch Publishing Group: 31–39. ISSN 0722-3226. OCLC 137343253. ProQuest 199087688 – via ProQuest.
  12. ^ "Indian destroyer set for commission". Jane's International Defense Review. 32 (4). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. 1 April 1999. ISSN 1476-2129.
  13. ^ a b c Mazumdar, Mrityunjoy (2010). Waters, Conrad (ed.). Seaforth World Naval Review 2011. Barnsley: Seaforth. pp. 102–119. ISBN 978-1848320758.
  14. ^ a b c d Khan, M A (September 1998). "DELHI and beyond". Military Technology. 22 (9). Bonne: Mönch Publishing Group: 68–70. ISSN 0722-3226. OCLC 137343253. ProQuest 199041413 – via ProQuest.
  15. ^ "MDL's Major Programmes – SP's Naval Forces". SP's Naval Forces. SP Guide Publications. September 2013.
  16. ^ "India | First Project 15 set to commission". Jane's Navy International. Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. 1 September 1997. ISSN 1358-3719.
  17. ^ Mazumdar, Mrityunjoy (29 April 2020). "Details emerge on INS Mumbai upgrade". Shephard. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  18. ^ "Nod to new aircraft carrier, BrahMos missiles for six ships". Business Standard. IANS. 13 May 2015.
  19. ^ Shukla, Ajai (25 November 2014). "Sonar contract provides major boost to navy". Business Standard. New Delhi.
  20. ^ "BrahMos missile successfully tested from Navy's INS Delhi, IAF's Sukhoi-30 MKI". The Indian Express. 20 April 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  21. ^ "Watch: Successful maiden BrahMos firing by INS Delhi from an upgraded modular launcher". The Economic Times. 19 April 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  22. ^ Bhattacharjee, Sumit (4 December 2021). "Eastern Fleet will have Carrier Battle Group: Vice Admiral". The Hindu.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Delhi-class_destroyer&oldid=1262568739"