Adiantum pedatum: Difference between revisions

Adiantum pedatum
	Northern Maidenhair (Adiantum pedatum) in Willsboro, New York
Conservation status
	; Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Polypodiales
Family:	Pteridaceae
Genus:	Adiantum
Species:	A. pedatum
Binomial name
	Adiantum pedatum; L.
Varieties
	Adiantum pedatum var. grandifolium (Ching) Ching;
Synonyms
	Adiantum pedatum var. aleuticum Rupr.; Adiantum pedatum f. billingsae Kittr.; Adiantum pedatum var. kamtschaticum Rupr.; Adiantum pedatum f. laciniatum Weath.; Adiantum pedatum subsp. pedatum ; Adiantum pedatum var. pedatum ; Adiantum pedatum f. pedatum ;

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Adiantum pedatum, the northern maidenhair fern or five-fingered fern, is a species of fern in the family Pteridaceae,^[3] native to moist forests in eastern North America. Like other ferns in the genus, the name maidenhair refers to the slender, shining black stipes.

Description

A. pedatum grows 30–75 cm (12–30 in) tall, and is deciduous.

Taxonomy

Adiantum pedatum was described by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum in 1753 (the official starting point of modern botanical nomenclature). He referred to earlier descriptions, all based on material from eastern North America.^[4] Linnaeus' own herbarium contains one specimen, collected by Pehr Kalm.

Specimens collected in Unalaska and Kodiak Island by Chamisso and Langsdorf were referred to as Adiantum boreale by Presl in 1836, although he did not provide a species description to accompany the name. Ruprecht, in 1845, called the Alaskan material A. pedatum var. aleuticum, and created var. kamtschaticum for material collected in Kamchatka by Carl Merck and Pallas. In 1857, E. J. Lowe noted that Wallich and Cantor had collected the species in northern India, and that material from the western United States ranged as far south as California. It was one of the many species cited by Asa Gray as disjunct between Japan and both the eastern and western United States. By 1874, Hooker & Baker reported it as present in both Japan and Manchuria.

Several species have been segregated from the former A. pedatum, sensu lato. These include A. aleuticum, A. viridimontanum, A. myriosorum, and A. subpedatum. These all have fronds distinctively bifurcated and with pinnae on only one side.

Habitat

It grows in a variety of habitats, but generally favors soils that are both humus-rich, moist, and well-drained. It grows both in soils and on rock faces and ledges when adequate moisture is present.

References

^ NatureServe (November 1, 2024). "Adiantum pedatum". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
^ ^a ^b "Adiantum pedatum L." The Plant List. 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
^ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
^ Linnaeus 1753, p. 1095.

Bibliography

Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. Vol. II. Stockholm: Laurentii Salvii.

External links

Adiantum pedatum in the Linnean herbarium

This Pteridaceae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] NatureServe (November 1, 2024). "Adiantum pedatum". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved November 16, 2024.

[TPL-2] "Adiantum pedatum L." The Plant List. 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

[Christenhusz-2011-3] Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.

[FOOTNOTELinnaeus17531095-4] Linnaeus 1753, p. 1095.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Species of fern}}
-{{italictitle}}
+{{Speciesbox
-{{Taxobox
-| image = Adiantum pedatum (homeredwardprice) 001.jpg
+| image = Adiantum pedatum (northern maidenhair fern), Willsboro, NY (32127843596).jpg
+| image_caption = Northern Maidenhair (''Adiantum pedatum'') in [[Willsboro, New York]]
-| image_width = 240px
+| status = {{TNCStatus}}
-| image_caption = Northern Maidenhair (''Adiantum pedatum'')
-| status = G5
 | status_system = TNC
+| status_ref = <ref>{{cite NatureServe |id=2.135425 |title=''Adiantum pedatum'' |date=November 1, 2024 |accessdate=November 16, 2024}}</ref>
-| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
+| genus = Adiantum
-| divisio = [[Pteridophyta]]
+| species = pedatum
-| classis = [[Pteridopsida]]
+| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
-| ordo = [[Polypodiales]]<ref name=Christenhusz-2011/>
+| synonyms =
-| familia = [[Pteridaceae]]<ref name=Christenhusz-2011/>
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' var. ''aleuticum'' <small>[[Franz Josef Ruprecht|Rupr.]]</small>
-| subfamilia = ''[[Vittarioideae]]''<ref name=Christenhusz-2011/>
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' f. ''billingsae'' <small>[[Elsie May Kittredge|Kittr.]]</small>
-| genus = ''[[Adiantum]]''
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' var. ''kamtschaticum'' <small>[[Franz Josef Ruprecht|Rupr.]]</small>
-| species = '''''A. pedatum'''''
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' f. ''laciniatum'' <small>[[Charles Alfred Weatherby|Weath.]]</small>
-| binomial = ''Adiantum pedatum''
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' subsp. ''pedatum'' <small></small>
-| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' var. ''pedatum'' <small></small>
+*''Adiantum pedatum'' f. ''pedatum'' <small></small>
+| synonyms_ref = <ref name="TPL">{{cite web |title=''Adiantum pedatum'' L. |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-26600011 |website=The Plant List |accessdate=7 October 2018 |language=English |date=2013}}</ref>
+| subdivision_ranks = Varieties
+| subdivision_ref = <ref name="TPL"/>
+| subdivision =
+*[[Adiantum pedatum var. grandifolium|''Adiantum pedatum'' var. ''grandifolium'']] <small>([[Ren-Chang Ching|Ching]]) [[Ren-Chang Ching|Ching]]</small>
 }}
+'''''Adiantum pedatum''''', the '''northern maidenhair fern''' or '''five-fingered fern''', is a [[species]] of [[fern]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Pteridaceae]],<ref name="Christenhusz-2011"/> [[native plant|native]] to moist [[forest]]s in eastern [[North America]]. Like other ferns in the genus, the name maidenhair refers to the slender, shining black [[Stipe (botany)|stipes]].
+==Description==
-'''''Adiantum pedatum''''' ('''northern maidenhair fern''', '''five-fingered fern''') is a [[species]] of [[fern]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] Pteridaceae, [[native plant|native]] to moist [[woodland]] in eastern North America.
+''A.&nbsp;pedatum'' grows {{convert|30|-|75|cm|0|abbr=on}} tall, and is [[deciduous]].
+==Taxonomy==
-''[[Adiantum aleuticum]]'' was once considered a subspecies. Both ''A. pedatum'' and ''A. aleuticum'' have [[frond]]s distinctively bifurcated and with [[leaflet|pinnae]] on only one side.
+''Adiantum pedatum'' was [[species description|described]] by [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]] in ''[[Species Plantarum]]'' in 1753 (the official starting point of modern botanical nomenclature). He referred to earlier descriptions, all based on material from eastern North America.{{sfn|Linnaeus|1753|p=1095}} Linnaeus' own herbarium contains one specimen, collected by [[Pehr Kalm]].
+Specimens collected in [[Unalaska, Alaska|Unalaska]] and [[Kodiak Island]] by Chamisso and Langsdorf were referred to as ''Adiantum boreale'' by Presl in 1836, although he did not provide a species description to accompany the name. Ruprecht, in 1845, called the Alaskan material ''A.&nbsp;pedatum'' var.&nbsp;''aleuticum'', and created var.&nbsp;''kamtschaticum'' for material collected in [[Kamchatka Peninsula|Kamchatka]] by Carl Merck and Pallas. In 1857, E. J. Lowe noted that Wallich and Cantor had collected the species in northern India, and that material from the western United States ranged as far south as California. <!-- Douglas & Barclay, fide Hook. --> It was one of the many species cited by [[Asa Gray]] as disjunct between Japan and both the eastern and western United States. By 1874, Hooker & Baker reported it as present in both Japan and Manchuria.
-It grows to 1-2.5 feet (0.3-0.75 m) tall, and is [[deciduous]].
+Several species have been segregated from the former ''A.&nbsp;pedatum'', ''[[sensu lato]]''. These include ''[[Adiantum aleuticum|A. aleuticum]]'', ''[[Adiantum viridimontanum|A. viridimontanum]]'', ''[[Adiantum myriosorum|A. myriosorum]]'', and ''[[Adiantum subpedatum|A. subpedatum]]''. These all have [[frond]]s distinctively bifurcated and with [[leaflet (botany)|pinnae]] on only one side.
-This plant has gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref>http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4364</ref>
+==Habitat==
+It grows in a variety of habitats, but generally favors soils that are both [[humus]]-rich, moist, and well-drained. It grows both in soils and on rock faces and ledges when adequate moisture is present.
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|refs=
-<ref name=Christenhusz-2011>{{cite journal | first1=Maarten J. M. | last1=Christenhusz  | authorlink1=Maarten J. M. Christenhusz | first2=Xian-Chun | last2=Zhang | first3=Harald | last3=Schneider |year=2011 |title=A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns |journal=[[Phytotaxa]] |volume=19 |pages=7–54 |url=http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]}}</ref>
+<ref name="Christenhusz-2011">{{cite journal | first1=Maarten J. M. | last1=Christenhusz  | authorlink1=Maarten J. M. Christenhusz | first2=Xian-Chun | last2=Zhang | first3=Harald | last3=Schneider |year=2011 |title=A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns |journal=[[Phytotaxa]] |volume=19 |pages=7–54 | doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2 |url=http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf }}</ref>
 }}
+==Bibliography==
+{{refbegin|2}}
+*{{cite book | title=Species Plantarum | volume=II | last=Linnaeus | first=C. | authorlink=Carl Linnaeus | year=1753 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | location=Stockholm |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/359116}}
+{{refend}}
 ==External links==
+*[http://linnean-online.org/12706/ ''Adiantum pedatum'' in the Linnean herbarium]
-{{commonscat}}
-*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003542 Flora of North America] — [http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=5151&flora_id=1 map]
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q1199865}}
-[[Category:Adiantum|pedatum]]
-[[Category:Fern species]]
+[[Category:Adiantum|pedatum]]
-[[Category:Flora of North America]]
-[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
-[[Category:Flora of Appalachia (United States)]]
-[[Category:Flora of the Great Lakes region (North America)]]
 [[Category:Ferns of the United States]]
+[[Category:Ferns of Canada]]
 [[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
-[[Category:Flora of Alaska]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
-[[Category:Flora of Alabama]]
+[[Category:Least concern flora of the United States]]
-[[Category:Flora of Arkansas]]
-[[Category:Flora of Connecticut]]
+{{pteridaceae-stub}}
-[[Category:Flora of Washington, D.C.]]
-[[Category:Flora of Delaware]]
-[[Category:Flora of Georgia (U.S. state)]]
-[[Category:Flora of Iowa]]
-[[Category:Flora of Illinois]]
-[[Category:Flora of Indiana]]
-[[Category:Flora of Kansas]]
-[[Category:Flora of Kentucky]]
-[[Category:Flora of Louisiana]]
-[[Category:Flora of Massachusetts]]
-[[Category:Flora of Maryland]]
-[[Category:Flora of Maine]]
-[[Category:Flora of Michigan]]
-[[Category:Flora of Minnesota]]
-[[Category:Flora of Missouri]]
-[[Category:Flora of Mississippi]]
-[[Category:Flora of North Carolina]]
-[[Category:Flora of Nebraska]]
-[[Category:Flora of New Hampshire]]
-[[Category:Flora of New Jersey]]
-[[Category:Flora of New York]]
-[[Category:Flora of Ohio]]
-[[Category:Flora of Oklahoma]]
-[[Category:Flora of Pennsylvania]]
-{{fern-stub}}