Jump to content

Office of Management and Budget: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
fixed name of building
infobox
 
(415 intermediate revisions by more than 100 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Office within the Executive Office of the President of the US}}
{{Infobox Government agency
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}} {{Use American English|date=January 2024}}
|agency_name = Office of Management and Budget
{{Infobox government agency
|seal = US-OfficeOfManagementAndBudget-Seal.svg
| seal = US-OfficeOfManagementAndBudget-Seal.svg
|seal_width = 140px
|formed = 1970
| seal_width = 140px
|preceding1 = Bureau of the Budget
| formed = {{start date and age|1970|7|1}}
| preceding1 = Bureau of the Budget
|jurisdiction =
|headquarters = [[Eisenhower Executive Office Building]]
| headquarters = [[Eisenhower Executive Office Building]], [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| employees = 448<ref>{{Cite web |title=Executive Office of the President |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/eop_fy2024.pdf |website=[[whitehouse.gov]]}}</ref>
|employees = 529<ref>{{cite web |title=FedScope |url=http://www.fedscope.opm.gov/cognos/cgi-bin/ppdscgi.exe?DC=Q&E=/FSe%20-%20Status/Employment%20-%20December%202010&LA=en&LO=en-us&BACK=/cognos/cgi-bin/ppdscgi.exe?toc=%2FFSe%20-%20Status&LA=en&LO=en-us |date= |work= |publisher=Office of Management and Budget |accessdate=19 July 2011}}</ref>
|budget = $92.8 million (FY 2011)
| budget = $141 million (FY 2022)
| image =
|chief1_name = [[Sylvia Mathews Burwell]]
| chief1_name = [[Shalanda Young]]
|chief1_position = Director
| chief1_position = Director
|parent_agency = [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]]
| parent_agency = [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]]
|child1_agency =
|website = [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb Office of Management and Budget]
| child1_agency = [[Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]]
| child2_agency = Office of the Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator
| child3_agency = [[Office of E-Government & Information Technology]]
| child4_agency = [[Office of Federal Financial Management]]
| child5_agency = [[Office of Federal Procurement Policy]]
| website = {{URL|https://wh.gov/omb}}
}}
}}
The '''Office of Management and Budget''' ('''OMB''') is the largest office within the [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]] (EOP). The Director of the OMB is a member of the [[United States Cabinet|President's Cabinet]]. The main job of the OMB is to assist the President to prepare the budget.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Mission and Structure of the Office of Management and Budget|url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/organization_mission/|accessdate=8 November 2012}}</ref> The OMB also measures the quality of agency programs, policies, and procedures and to see if they comply with the President's policies.
The '''Office of Management and Budget''' ('''OMB''') is the largest office{{Efn|In terms of number of employees and budget}} within the [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]] (EOP). OMB's most prominent function is to produce the president's budget,<ref>{{cite web|title=The Mission and Structure of the Office of Management and Budget|url=http://www.obamawhitehouse.gov/omb/organization_mission/}}</ref> but it also examines agency programs, policies, and procedures to see whether they comply with the president's policies and coordinates inter-agency policy initiatives.


[[Shalanda Young]] became OMB's acting director in March 2021,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Mission and Structure of the Office of Management and Budget |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/15007 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=The White House |language=en}}</ref> and was [[Senate confirmation|confirmed by the Senate]] in March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Congressional Record Senate Articles |url=https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record/2022/03/15/senate-section/article/S1171-1 |access-date=2022-03-16 |website=www.congress.gov}}</ref>
The current OMB Director is [[Sylvia Mathews Burwell]].


==History==
==History==
{{expand section|date=January 2016}}
The Bureau of the Budget, OMB's predecessor, was established as a part of the Department of the Treasury by the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, which was signed into law by President [[Warren G. Harding]]. The Bureau of the Budget was moved to the [[Executive Office of the President of the United States|EOP]] in 1939, and reorganized into OMB in 1970 during the [[Richard Nixon|Nixon administration]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/11541.html |title=Executive Orders |publisher=Archives.gov |date= |accessdate=2013-04-22}}</ref> The first OMB included [[Roy Ash]] (head), [[Paul O'Neill (cabinet member)|Paul O'Neill]] (assistant director), [[Fred Malek]] (deputy director) and [[Frank Zarb]] (associate director) and two dozen others. In the 1990s, OMB was reorganized to remove the distinction between management staff and budgetary staff by combining those dual roles into each given program examiner within the Resource Management Offices.<ref>{{cite web |title=OMB Organization Chart |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/assets/about_omb/omb_org_chart.pdf |date= |work= |publisher=Office of Management and Budget |accessdate=17 September 2009}}</ref>
The '''Bureau of the Budget''', OMB's predecessor, was established in 1921 as a part of the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Department of the Treasury]] by the [[Budget and Accounting Act of 1921]], which President [[Warren G. Harding]] signed into law. The Bureau of the Budget was moved to the [[Executive Office of the President of the United States|Executive Office of the President]] in 1939 and was run by [[Harold D. Smith]] during the government's rapid expansion of spending during [[World War II]]. James L. Sundquist, a staffer at the Bureau of the Budget, called the relationship between the president and the bureau extremely close and subsequent bureau directors politicians, not public administrators.<ref>Oral History Interview with James L. Sundquist, Washington, D.C., July 15, 1963, by Charles T. Morrissey, {{cite web| url = https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/sundquis.htm| title = James L. Sundquist Oral History Interview {{!}} Harry S. Truman}}</ref>


The bureau was reorganized into the Office of Management and Budget in 1970 during the [[Presidency of Richard Nixon|Nixon administration]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-84/pdf/STATUTE-84-Pg2085.pdf#page=1 |title=84 Stat. 2085 |publisher=govinfo.com |access-date=2020-10-20 |archive-date=2020-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022050655/https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-84/pdf/STATUTE-84-Pg2085.pdf#page=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The first OMB included [[Roy Ash]] (head), [[Paul O'Neill (cabinet member)|Paul O'Neill]] (assistant director), [[Fred Malek]] (deputy director), [[Frank Zarb]] (associate director) and two dozen others.
==Mission==
The OMB's predominant mission is to assist the President in overseeing the preparation of the federal budget and to supervise its administration in Executive Branch agencies. In helping to formulate the President's spending plans, the OMB evaluates the effectiveness of agency programs, policies, and procedures, assesses competing funding demands among agencies, and sets funding priorities. The OMB ensures that agency reports, rules, testimony, and proposed legislation are consistent with the President's Budget and with Administration policies.


In the 1990s, OMB was reorganized to remove the distinction between management staff and budgetary staff by combining the dual roles into each given program examiner within the Resource Management Offices.<ref>{{cite web |title=OMB Organization Chart |url=http://www.obamawhitehouse.gov/omb/assets/about_omb/omb_org_chart.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206104925/http://www.obamawhitehouse.gov/omb/assets/about_omb/omb_org_chart.pdf |archive-date=2017-02-06 |url-status=live |publisher=Office of Management and Budget }}</ref>
In addition, the OMB oversees and coordinates the Administration's procurement, financial management, information, and regulatory policies. In each of these areas, the OMB's role is to help improve administrative management, to develop better performance measures and coordinating mechanisms, and to reduce any unnecessary burdens on the public.


==Purpose==
The OMB's Critical Missions:<ref>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/organization_mission/.html ]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref>
OMB prepares the president's budget proposal to Congress and supervises the administration of the executive branch agencies. It evaluates the effectiveness of agency programs, policies, and procedures, assesses competing funding demands among agencies, and sets funding priorities. OMB ensures that agency reports, rules, testimony, and proposed legislation are consistent with the president's budget and administration policies.
# Budget development and execution is a prominent government-wide process managed from the EOP and a device by which a President implements his policies, priorities, and actions in everything from the Department of Defense to NASA.


OMB also oversees and coordinates the administration's procurement, financial management, information, and regulatory policies. In each of these areas, OMB's role is to help improve administrative management, develop better performance measures and coordinating mechanisms, and reduce unnecessary burdens on the public.
# The OMB manages other agencies financials, paperwork, and IT.


OMB's critical missions are:<ref>[http://www.obamawhitehouse.gov/omb/organization_mission/ Organization Mission] at archive of OMB site</ref>
==Structure==


#Budget development and execution, a prominent government-wide process managed by the Executive Office of the President (EOP) and a device by which a president implements their policies, priorities, and actions in everything from the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] to [[NASA]].
#Managing other agencies' financials, paperwork, and IT.

==Structure==
===Overview===
===Overview===
The Office contains significant numbers of both career and politically appointed staff; OMB staff provide important continuity within the EOP since several hundred career professionals remain in their positions regardless of which party occupies the White House. Six positions within OMB{{spaced ndash}}the Director, the Deputy Director, the Deputy Director for Management, and the administrators of the [[Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]], the [[Office of Federal Procurement Policy]], and the [[Office of Federal Financial Management]] are presidentially appointed and [[United States Senate|Senate]]-[[Advice and consent|confirmed]] positions.
OMB is made up mainly of career appointed staff who provide continuity across changes of party and administration in the White House. Six positions within OMB{{snd}}the Director, the Deputy Director, the Deputy Director for Management, and the administrators of the [[Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]], the [[Office of Federal Procurement Policy]], and the [[Office of Federal Financial Management]]{{snd}}are presidentially appointed and [[United States Senate|Senate]]-[[Advice and consent|confirmed]] positions.

OMB's largest components are the five Resource Management Offices, which are organized along functional lines mirroring the federal government, each led by an OMB associate director. Approximately half of all OMB staff are assigned to these offices, the majority of whom are designated as program examiners. Program examiners can be assigned to monitor one or more federal agencies or may be deployed by a topical area, such as monitoring issues relating to U.S. Navy warships. These staff have dual responsibility for both management and budgetary issues, as well as for giving expert advice on all aspects relating to their programs. Each year they review federal agency budget requests and help decide what resource requests will be sent to Congress as part of the president's budget. They perform in-depth program evaluations with the Program Assessment Rating Tool, review proposed regulations and agency testimony, analyze pending legislation, and oversee the aspects of the president's management agenda including agency management scorecards. They are often called upon to provide analysis information to EOP staff. They also provide important information to those assigned to the statutory offices within OMB: the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, the Office of Federal Procurement Policy, the Office of Federal Financial Management, and the [[Office of E-Government & Information Technology]], which specializes in issues such as federal regulations and procurement policy and law.

Other components are OMB-wide support offices, including the Office of General Counsel, the Office of Legislative Affairs, the Budget Review Division (BRD), and the Legislative Reference Division. The BRD performs government-wide budget coordination and is largely responsible for the technical aspects relating to the release of the president's budget each February. With respect to the estimation of spending for the [[Executive (government)|executive branch]], the BRD serves a purpose parallel to that of the [[Congressional Budget Office]] (which was created in response to the OMB) for estimating Congressional spending, the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Department of the Treasury]] for estimating executive branch revenue, and the [[U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation|Joint Committee on Taxation]] for estimating Congressional revenue.

The Legislative Reference Division is the federal government's central clearing house for proposed legislation or testimony by federal officials. It distributes proposed legislation and testimony to all relevant federal reviewers and distills the comments into a consensus opinion of the administration about the proposal. It is also responsible for writing an Enrolled Bill Memorandum to the president once a bill is presented by both chambers of Congress for the president's signature. The Enrolled Bill Memorandum details the bill's particulars, opinions on the bill from relevant federal departments, and an overall opinion about whether it should be signed into law or [[Veto power in the United States|vetoed]]. It also issues Statements of Administration Policy that let Congress know the White House's official position on proposed legislation.

===Role in the executive budget process===
In practice, the president has assigned the OMB certain responsibilities when it comes to the budget and hiring authorities who play key roles in developing it. OMB coordinates the development of the president's budget proposal by issuing [[List of OMB Circulars|circulars]], memoranda, and guidance documents to the heads of executive agencies. The OMB works very closely with executive agencies in making sure the budget process and proposal is smooth.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Office of Management and Budget and the Presidency, 1921-1979 |publisher=Princeton University Press |last=Berman|first=Larry|isbn=9781400867288|location=Princeton, New Jersey|oclc=905862779|date = 2015-03-08}}</ref>

The development of the budget within the executive branch has many steps and takes nearly a year to complete. The first step is the OMB informing the president of the country's economic situation. The next step is known as the Spring Guidance: the OMB gives executive agencies instructions on policy guidance to use when coming up with their budget requests along with due dates for them to submit their requests. The OMB then works with the agencies to discuss issues in the upcoming budget. In July, the OMB issues [[OMB Circular A-11|circular A-11]] to all agencies, which outlines instructions for submitting the budget proposals, which the agencies submit by September. The [[fiscal year]] begins October{{spaces}}1 and OMB staff meet with senior agency representatives to find out whether their proposals are in line with the president's priorities and policies and identify constraints within the budget proposal until late November. The OMB director then meets with the president and EOP advisors to discuss the agencies' budget proposals and recommends a federal budget proposal, and the agencies are notified of the decisions about their requests. They can appeal to OMB and the president in December if they are dissatisfied with the decisions. After working together to resolve issues, agencies and OMB prepare a budget justification document to present to relevant congressional committees, especially the Appropriations Committee. Finally, by the first Monday in February, the president must review and submit the final budget to Congress to approve.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Art of Policymaking|last1=Shambaugwh IV |last2=Weinstein Jr.|first1=George E.|first2=Paul J|publisher=CQ Press|year=2016|isbn=978-0321081032|location=Thousand Oaks, California|pages=109–113}}</ref>

OMB is also responsible for the preparation of Statements of Administrative Policy (SAPs) with the president. These statements allow the OMB to communicate the president's and agencies' policies to the government as a whole and set forth policymakers' agendas.<ref name=":0" /> During the review of the federal budget, interest groups can lobby for policy change and affect the budget for the new year.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Haeder|first1=Simon F.|last2=Webb Yackee|first2=Susan|date=August 2015|title=Influence and the Administrative Process: Lobbying the U.S. President's Office of Management and Budget|journal=American Political Science Review|volume=109|issue=3|pages=507–522|doi=10.1017/S0003055415000246|s2cid=145226542|issn=0003-0554}}</ref> OMB plays a key role in policy conflicts by making sure legislation and agencies' actions are consistent with the executive branch's. OMB has a powerful and influential role in the government, basically making sure its day-to-day operations run. Without a budget, federal employees could not be paid, federal buildings could not open and federal programs would come to a halt in a [[Government shutdowns in the United States|government shutdown.]] Shutdowns can occur when Congress refuses to pass a budget.<ref name=":1" />


===Suspension and debarment===
The largest component of the Office of Management and Budget are the four Resource Management Offices which are organized along functional lines mirroring the U.S. federal government, each led by an OMB associate director. Approximately half of all OMB staff are assigned to these offices, the majority of whom are designated as program examiners. Program examiners can be assigned to monitor one or more federal agencies or may be assigned a topical area, such as monitoring issues relating to U.S. Navy warships. These staff have dual responsibility for both management and budgetary issues, as well as responsibility for giving expert advice on all aspects relating to their programs. Each year they review federal agency budget requests and help decide what resource requests will be sent to Congress as part of the president’s budget. They perform in-depth program evaluations using the Program Assessment Rating Tool, review proposed regulations, agency testimony, analyze pending legislation, and oversee the aspects of the President's Management Agenda including agency management scorecards. They are often called upon to provide analysis information to any EOP staff member. They also provide important information to those assigned to the statutory offices within OMB, which are Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, the Office of Federal Procurement Policy, the Office of Federal Financial Management, and the [[Office of E-Government & Information Technology]] whose job it is to specialize in issues such as federal regulations or procurement policy and law.
The Interagency Suspension and Debarment Committee (ISDC) was created as an OMB committee by President Ronald Reagan's [[List of executive actions by Ronald Reagan|Executive Order]] 12549 in 1986, for the purpose of monitoring the implementation of the order. This order mandates executive departments and agencies to:
*participate in a government-wide [[Compliance requirements#Procurement and suspension and debarment (I)|suspension and debarment]] system,
*issue regulations with government-wide criteria and minimum due process procedures when debarring or suspending participants, and
*send debarred and suspended participants' identifying information to the [[General Services Administration]] for inclusion on a list of excluded persons, now known as the [[System for Award Management]] (SAM).<ref>US Environmental Protection Agency, [https://www.epa.gov/grants/interagency-suspension-and-debarment-committee Interagency Suspension and Debarment Committee], updated 15 June 2020, accessed 8 February 2021</ref>


===Circulars===
Other offices are OMB-wide support offices which include the [[Office of General Counsel]], the [[White House Office of Legislative Affairs|Office of Legislative Affairs]], the [[Budget Review Division]] (BRD), and the [[Legislative Reference Division]]. The BRD performs government-wide budget coordination and is largely responsible for the technical aspects relating to the release of the president’s budget each February. With respect to the estimation of spending for the [[Executive (government)|executive branch]], the BRD serves a purpose parallel to that of the [[Congressional Budget Office]] for the estimation of spending for Congress, the [[United States Department of the Treasury|Department of the Treasury]] for the estimation of revenues for the executive branch, and the [[U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation|Joint Committee on Taxation]] for the estimation of revenues for Congress.
{{main|List of OMB Circulars and Bulletins}}
Circulars are instructions or information the OMB issues to federal agencies that are indexed by major category: Budget, State and Local Governments, Educational and Non-Profit Institutions, Federal Procurement, Federal Financial Management, Federal Information Resources / Data Collection and Other Special Purpose.<ref>{{cite web |title=Circulars |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/information-for-agencies/circulars/ |website=whitehouse.gov |publisher=The White House}}</ref>


'''Circular NO. A-119'''
The Legislative Reference Division has the important role of being the central clearing house across the federal government for proposed legislation or testimony by federal officials. It distributes proposed legislation and testimony to all relevant federal reviewers and distils the comments into a consensus opinion of the Administration about the proposal. They are also responsible for writing an Enrolled Bill Memorandum to the president once a bill is presented by both bodies of Congress for the president’s signature. The Enrolled Bill Memorandum details the particulars of the bill, opinions on the bill from relevant federal departments, and an overall opinion about whether the bill should be signed into law or vetoed. They also issue Statements of Administration Policy that let Congress know the White House’s official position on proposed legislation.
Circular A-119<ref>{{cite web |title=CIRCULAR NO. A-119 Revised |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Circular-119-1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171219144113/https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Circular-119-1.pdf |archive-date=2017-12-19 |url-status=live |website=whitehouse.gov |publisher=The White House}}</ref> is for federal participation in the development and use of [[technical standards|voluntary consensus standards]] and in [[Conformance testing|conformity assessment]] activities. A-119 instructs its agencies to adopt voluntary consensus standards before relying upon [[technical standards|industry standards]] and reducing to a minimum the reliance by agencies on [[technical standards|government standards]]. Adoption of [[international standards]] is widely followed by U.S. agencies.<ref>{{cite web |title=National Examples - United States of America |url=https://policy.iso.org/usa.html |website=policy.iso.org |publisher=International Organization for Standardization}}</ref> This includes:
* [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|Environmental Protection Agency]] referencing [[ISO 14000|ISO 14001]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Environmental Management Systems (EMS) |url=https://www.epa.gov/ems |website=epa.gov |date=5 November 2014 |publisher=EPA}}</ref> supporting public policy in environmental management<ref>{{cite web |title=Environmental Management |url=https://policy.iso.org/environmental-management.html |website=policy.iso.org |publisher=International Organization for Standardization}}</ref>
* [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]] referencing [[ISO 50001]]<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO 50001 Energy Management Standard |url=https://www.energy.gov/ISO50001 |website=energy.gov |publisher=Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy}}</ref> supporting public policy for energy performance aligned with the [[International Energy Agency]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Energy Management |url=https://policy.iso.org/energy-management.html |website=policy.iso.org |publisher=International Organization for Standardization}}</ref>
* [[United States Department of Labor|Department of Labor]] referencing [[ISO 45001]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Guidance for Executive Order 13673, "Fair Pay and Safe Workplaces"; Final Guidance |url=https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/federalregister/2016-08-25-0 |website=osha.gov |publisher=US Department of Labor}}</ref> supporting public policy in occupational health and safety
* [[Food and Drug Administration]] referencing [[ISO 13485]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Medical Device Single Audit Program (MDSAP) |url=https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/cdrh-international-programs/medical-device-single-audit-program-mdsap |website=fda.gov |date=7 February 2022 |publisher=FDA}}</ref> supporting public policy in medical devices<ref>{{cite web |title=Medical Devices |url=https://policy.iso.org/medical-devices.html |website=policy.iso.org |publisher=International Organization for Standardization}}</ref>
* [[Food and Drug Administration]] referencing [[ISO 22000]]<ref>{{cite web |title=FSMA Final Rule for Preventive Controls for Human Food |url=https://www.regulations.gov/document/FDA-2011-N-0920-2064 |website=regulations.gov |publisher=FDA}}</ref> supporting public policy in food products<ref>{{cite web |title=Food Products |url=https://policy.iso.org/food-products.html |website=policy.iso.org |publisher=International Organization for Standardization}}</ref>


===Organization===
===Organization===
*Director, OMB
*Director of the Office of Management and Budget
**Deputy Director, OMB
**Deputy Director, OMB
**Executive Associate Director of OMB
***Legal Affairs Division
***Office of General Counsel
***Legislative Affairs Division
***Office of Legislative Affairs
***Strategic Planning and Communications Division
***Office of Communications
***Office of Economic Policy (EP)
***Management and Operations Division
***Management and Operations Division
***Economic Policy Division
***Legislative Reference Division
***Legislative Reference Division
***Budget Review Division
***Budget Review Division (BRD)
***Resource Management Offices
***Resource Management Offices
****Natural Resources Programs
****Natural Resource Programs
****Education, Income Maintenance and Labor Programs
****Education, Income Maintenance, and Labor Programs
****Health Programs
****Health Programs
****General Government Programs
****General Government Programs
****National Security Programs
****National Security Programs
**Deputy Director for Management and Chief Performance Officer
**Deputy Director for Management ([[Chief Performance Officer of the United States]])
***Office of Federal Financial Management
***Office of Performance and Personnel Management (OPPM)
***Office of Federal Procurement Policy
***[[Office of Federal Financial Management]] (OFFM)
***Office of E-Government and Information Technology
***[[Office of Federal Procurement Policy]] (OFPP)
***[[Office of E-Government & Information Technology]] (administrator: [[Federal Chief Information Officer of the United States]])
***Office of Performance and Personnel Management
****Cyber and National Security Unit
***Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs
****[[United States Digital Service]] (USDS)
***[[Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]] (OIRA)
***Office of the Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator (IPEC)


====Current appointees====
==Key staff==
*Director: [[Shalanda Young]]
* [[Director of the Office of Management and Budget]]: [[Sylvia Mathews Burwell]]
**Deputy Director: [[Nani Coloretti]]
** [[Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget]]: [[Heather Higginbottom]] <ref name="Office of the President-Elect">{{cite press release |title=President-elect Barack Obama announces Office of Management and Budget Director and Deputy Director |url=http://change.gov/newsroom/entry/president_elect_barack_obama_announces_office_of_management_and_budget_dire/ |publisher=Office of the President-Elect |date=2008-11-25 |accessdate=2009-06-05}}</ref>
***Chief of Staff for OMB: Rachel Wallace
** [[Deputy Director for Management]] ([[Chief Performance Officer of the United States|Chief Performance Officer]]): [[Jeffrey Zients]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=Weekly Address: Efficiency and Innovation |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/09/04/18/Weekly-Address-Efficiency-and-Innovation/ |publisher=Office of the Press Secretary |date=2009-04-18 |accessdate=2009-06-05}}</ref>
*** General Counsel: [[Preeta D. Bansal]]
***General Counsel: Daniel Jacobson
**Deputy Director for Management ([[Chief Performance Officer of the United States]]): [[Jason Miller (government official)|Jason Miller]]
*** General Counsel (designate): [[Boris Bershteyn]]
*** [[Controller of the Office of Federal Financial Management]]: Vacant; [[Daniel Werfel]] was named Acting [[Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service]] (IRS) by President [[Barack Obama]] in the wake of the resignation of the previous one in the May
***Controller of the [[Office of Federal Financial Management]]: John Pasquantino (Acting)
***Administrator of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy: Lesley Field (Acting)
[[2013 IRS scandal]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=Nominations sent to the Senate |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Presidential-nominations-sent-to-the-Senate-8-04-09/ |publisher=Office of the Press Secretary |date=2008-08-04 |accessdate=2009-11-15}}</ref>
***Administrator of the Office of E-Government and Information Technology ([[Chief Information Officer of the United States|Federal Chief Information Officer of the United States]]): Clare Martorana
*** [[Administrator of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy]]: Daniel Gordon<ref>{{cite press release |title=Nominations sent to the Senate |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Presidential-Nominations-Sent-to-the-Senate-10/5/09 |publisher=Office of the Press Secretary |date=2009-10-05 |accessdate=2009-12-22}}</ref>
***Made in America Director: Livia Shmavonian
*** [[Administrator of the Office of E-Government & Information Technology]] ([[Chief Information Officer of the United States|Chief Information Officer]]): [[Steven VanRoekel]]
*** [[Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]]: [[Cass Sunstein|Cass R. Sunstein]]<ref>{{cite press release |title=President Obama Announces Another Key OMB Post |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/President-Obama-Announces-Another-Key-OMB-Post/ |publisher=Office of the Press Secretary |date=2009-04-20 |accessdate=2009-06-07}}</ref>
***Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs: [[Richard Revesz|Ricky Revesz]]
****[[Chief Statistician of the United States]]: [[Karin Orvis]]


==List of Directors==
==List of directors==
List of OMB directors.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://www.obamawhitehouse.gov/omb/organization_former_directors/|title=Directors of The Office of Management and Budget and The Bureau of the Budget|publisher=Office of Management and Budget(Archived)|access-date=18 October 2009}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
|-
!Name
! #
!Start
! Name
!End
! Dates served
! President
!colspan=2 |President
! class=unsortable|Notes
!class=unsortable |Notes
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Charles|Dawes|Charles G. Dawes}}
| 1
| {{sortname|Charles|Dawes}}
|{{dts|June 23, 1921}}
| June 23, 1921 – June 30, 1922
|{{dts|June 30, 1922}}
|rowspan=5 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
| Warren G. Harding
|{{sortname|Warren G.|Harding}}
| Dawes would later become [[Vice President of the United States]] under [[Calvin Coolidge]] and the [[U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom]] under [[Herbert Hoover]]
|
|-
|-
|rowspan=3 |{{sortname|Herbert|Lord|Herbert M. Lord}}
| 2
|rowspan=3 |{{dts|July 1, 1922}}
| {{sortname|Herbert|Lord}}
| | July 1, 1922 – May 31, 1929
|rowspan=3 |{{dts|May 31, 1929}}
| Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover
|{{sortname|Warren G.|Harding}}
|rowspan=3 |
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Calvin|Coolidge}}
| 3
| {{sortname|Clawson|Roop}}
| August 15, 1929 – March 3, 1933
| Herbert Hoover
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Herbert|Hoover}}
| 4
| {{sortname|Lewis|Douglas}}
| March 7, 1933 – August 31, 1934
| Franklin D. Roosevelt
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Clawson|Roop}}
| 5
| {{sortname|Daniel W.|Bell}}
|{{dts|August 15, 1929}}
|{{dts|March 3, 1933}}
| September 1, 1934 – April 14, 1939
|{{sortname|Herbert|Hoover}}
| Franklin D. Roosevelt
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Lewis|Douglas|Lewis Williams Douglas}}
| 6
| {{sortname|Harold D.|Smith}}
|{{dts|March 7, 1933}}
|{{dts|August 31, 1934}}
| April 15, 1939 – June 19, 1946
|rowspan=7 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman
|{{nowrap|{{sortname|Franklin D.|Roosevelt}}}}
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Daniel|Bell|Daniel W. Bell}}
| 7
| {{sortname|James E.|Webb}}
|{{dts|September 1, 1934}}
|{{dts|April 14, 1939}}
| July 13, 1946 – January 27, 1949
|{{nowrap|{{sortname|Franklin D.|Roosevelt}}}}
| Harry S. Truman
|
| Webb later became the second administrator of [[NASA]] under Presidents [[John F. Kennedy|Kennedy]] and [[Lyndon Johnson|Johnson]]
|-
|-
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Harold|Smith|Harold D. Smith}}
| 8
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|April 15, 1939}}
| {{sortname|Frank|Pace}}
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|June 19, 1946}}
| February 1, 1949 – April 12, 1950
|{{sortname|Franklin D.|Roosevelt}}
| Harry S. Truman
|rowspan=2 |
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Harry S.|Truman}}
| 9
| {{sortname|Frederick|Lawton}}
| April 13, 1950 – January 21, 1953
| Harry S. Truman
|-
|-
|{{sortname|James|Webb|James E. Webb}}
| 10
| {{sortname|Joseph|Dodge}}
|{{dts|July 13, 1946}}
| January 22, 1953 – April 15, 1954
|{{dts|January 27, 1949}}
|{{sortname|Harry S.|Truman}}
| Dwight D. Eisenhower
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Frank|Pace|Frank Pace Jr.}}
| 11
|{{dts|February 1, 1949}}
| {{sortname|Rowland|Hughes}}
| April 16, 1954 – April 1, 1956
|{{dts|April 12, 1950}}
|{{sortname|Harry S.|Truman}}
| Dwight D. Eisenhower
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Fred|Lawton|Frederick Lawton}}
| 12
|{{dts|April 13, 1950}}
| {{sortname|Percival|Brundage}}
|{{dts|January 21, 1953}}
| April 2, 1956 – March 17, 1958
|{{sortname|Harry S.|Truman}}
| Dwight D. Eisenhower
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Joseph|Dodge}}
| 13
| {{sortname|Maurice H.|Stans}}
|{{dts|January 22, 1953}}
|{{dts|April 15, 1954}}
| March 18, 1958 – January 21, 1961
|rowspan=4 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower
|{{nowrap|{{sortname|Dwight D.|Eisenhower}}}}
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Rowland|Hughes}}
| 14
| {{sortname|David E.|Bell}}
|{{dts|April 16, 1954}}
|{{dts|April 1, 1956}}
| January 22, 1961 – December 20, 1962
|{{sortname|Dwight D.|Eisenhower}}
| John F. Kennedy
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Percival|Brundage}}
| 15
| {{sortname|Kermit|Gordon}}
|{{dts|April 2, 1956}}
|{{dts|March 17, 1958}}
| December 28, 1962 – June 1, 1965
|{{sortname|Dwight D.|Eisenhower}}
| John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Maurice|Stans}}
| 16
|{{dts|March 18, 1958}}
| {{sortname|Charles|Schultze}}
| June 1, 1965 – January 28, 1968
|{{dts|January 21, 1961}}
|{{sortname|Dwight D.|Eisenhower}}
| Lyndon B. Johnson
|
| Schultze later served as Chairman of the [[Council of Economic Advisers]] under President Jimmy Carter.
|-
|-
|{{sortname|David|Bell|David E. Bell}}
| 17
|{{dts|January 22, 1961}}
| {{sortname|Charles|Zwick}}
|{{nowrap|{{dts|December 20, 1962}}}}
| January 29, 1968 – January 21, 1969
|rowspan=5 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
| Lyndon B. Johnson
|{{sortname|John F.|Kennedy}}
|
|-
|-
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Kermit|Gordon}}
| 18
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|December 28, 1962}}
| {{sortname|Robert|Mayo}}
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|June 1, 1965}}
| January 22, 1969 – June 30, 1970
|{{sortname|John F.|Kennedy}}
| Richard Nixon
|rowspan=2 |
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Lyndon B.|Johnson}}
| 19
| {{sortname|George P.|Shultz}}
| July 1, 1970 – June 11, 1972
| Richard Nixon
| Shultz had previously served President Nixon as [[United States Secretary of Labor|Secretary of Labor]] and would later serve under him as [[Secretary of the Treasury]] and under Ronald Reagan as [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]].
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Charles|Schultze}}
| 20
|{{dts|June 1, 1965}}
| {{sortname|Caspar|Weinberger}}
|{{dts|January 28, 1968}}
| June 12, 1972 – February 1, 1973
|{{sortname|Lyndon B.|Johnson}}
| Richard Nixon
|
| Weinberger later served as [[United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare|Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare]] under Presidents Nixon and Ford, and as [[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]] under President Reagan
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Charles|Zwick}}
| 21
|{{dts|January 29, 1968}}
| {{sortname|Roy|Ash}}
|{{dts|January 21, 1969}}
| February 2, 1973 – February 3, 1975
|{{sortname|Lyndon B.|Johnson}}
| Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford
|
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Bob|Mayo|Robert P. Mayo}}
| 22
| {{sortname|James T.|Lynn}}
|{{dts|January 22, 1969}}
|{{dts|June 30, 1970}}
| February 10, 1975 – January 20, 1977
|rowspan=6 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
| Gerald Ford
|{{sortname|Richard|Nixon}}
| Lynn left to head [[Aetna|Aetna Insurance]]
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|George|Shultz}}
| 23
| {{sortname|Bert|Lance}}
|{{dts|July 1, 1970}}
|{{dts|June 11, 1972}}
| January 21, 1977 – September 23, 1977
|{{sortname|Richard|Nixon}}
| Jimmy Carter
|
| Lance resigned amid a [[Political corruption|corruption]] scandal
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Caspar|Weinberger}}
| 24
| {{sortname|James T.|McIntyre}}
|{{dts|June 12, 1972}}
|{{dts|February 1, 1973}}
| September 24, 1977 – January 20, 1981
|{{sortname|Richard|Nixon}}
| Jimmy Carter
|
|-
|-
|rowspan=2 |{{sortname|Roy|Ash}}
| 25
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|February 2, 1973}}
| {{sortname|David|Stockman}}
|rowspan=2 |{{dts|February 3, 1975}}
| January 21, 1981 – August 1, 1985
|{{sortname|Richard|Nixon}}
| Ronald Reagan
|rowspan=2 |
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Gerald|Ford}}
| 26
| {{sortname|James C.|Miller III}}
| October 8, 1985 – October 15, 1988
| Ronald Reagan
|-
|-
|{{sortname|James|Lynn|James Thomas Lynn}}
| 27
| {{sortname|Joseph R.|Wright, Jr.}}
|{{dts|February 10, 1975}}
| October 16, 1988 – January 20, 1989
|{{dts|January 20, 1977}}
|{{sortname|Gerald|Ford}}
| Ronald Reagan
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Bert|Lance}}
| 28
|{{dts|January 21, 1977}}
| {{sortname|Richard|Darman}}
|{{dts|September 23, 1977}}
| January 25, 1989 – January 20, 1993
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
| George H. W. Bush
|{{sortname|Jimmy|Carter}}
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Jim|McIntyre|James T. McIntyre}}
| 29
|{{nowrap|{{dts|September 24, 1977}}}}
| {{sortname|Leon|Panetta}}
| January 21, 1993 – October 1994
|{{dts|January 20, 1981}}
|{{sortname|Jimmy|Carter}}
| Bill Clinton
|
| Panetta became President Clinton's Chief of Staff and served under President Obama as the [[Director of the Central Intelligence Agency]] and the [[United States Secretary of Defense]]
|-
|-
|{{sortname|David|Stockman}}
| 30
|{{dts|January 21, 1981}}
| {{sortname|Alice|Rivlin}}
|{{dts|August 1, 1985}}
| October 17, 1994 – April 26, 1996
|rowspan=4 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
| Bill Clinton
|{{sortname|Ronald|Reagan}}
|Rivlin became a governor of the [[Federal Reserve Board|Federal Reserve]] after leaving OMB
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Jim|Miller|James C. Miller III}}
| 31
| {{sortname|Franklin D.|Raines}}
|{{dts|October 8, 1985}}
|{{dts|October 15, 1988}}
| September 13, 1996 – May 21, 1998
|{{sortname|Ronald|Reagan}}
| Bill Clinton
|
| Raines became CEO of [[Federal National Mortgage Association|Fannie Mae]]
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Joe|Wright|dab=businessman}}
| 32
|{{dts|October 16, 1988}}
| {{sortname|Jacob|Lew}}
| May 21, 1998 – January 19, 2001
|{{dts|January 20, 1989}}
|{{sortname|Ronald|Reagan}}
| Bill Clinton
|
| Jacob Lew served as deputy director of OMB from 1995 to 1998 and would serve as director again under Obama from 2010 to 2012
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Dick|Darman|Richard Darman}}
| 33
|{{dts|January 25, 1989}}
| {{sortname|Mitch|Daniels}}
| January 23, 2001 – June 6, 2003
|{{dts|January 20, 1993}}
| George W. Bush
|{{sortname|George H. W.|Bush}}
|
| Daniels left and successfully ran for [[List of Governors of Indiana|governor]] of [[Indiana]]
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Leon|Panetta}}
| 34
| {{sortname|Joshua B.|Bolten}}
|{{dts|January 21, 1993}}
|{{dts|July 17, 1994}}
| June 26, 2003 – April 15, 2006
|rowspan=4 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
| George W. Bush
|{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}}
| Bolten became President Bush's [[White House Chief of Staff|Chief of Staff]]
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Alice|Rivlin}}
| 35
|{{dts|October 17, 1994}}
| {{sortname|Rob|Portman}}
|{{dts|April 26, 1996}}
| May 26, 2006 – June 19, 2007
|{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}}
| George W. Bush
|
| Portman had previously served President Bush as [[United States Trade Representative]] and was elected to the U.S. Senate from Ohio in 2010.
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Frank|Raines|Franklin Raines}}
| 36
|{{dts|September 13, 1996}}
| {{sortname|Jim|Nussle}}
|{{dts|May 21, 1998}}
| September 4, 2007 – January 20, 2009
|{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}}
| George W. Bush
|
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Jack|Lew}}
| 37
| {{sortname|Peter|Orszag}}
|{{dts|May 21, 1998}}
| January 20, 2009 – July 30, 2010
|{{dts|January 19, 2001}}
|{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}}
| Barack Obama
|
| Orszag became Vice Chairman of Corporate and Investment Banking and Chairman of the Financial Strategy and Solutions Group at [[Citigroup]]
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Mitch|Daniels}}
| 37
|{{dts|January 23, 2001}}
| {{sortname|Jeffrey|Zients}}
|{{dts|June 6, 2003}}
| July 30, 2010 – November 18, 2010
|rowspan=4 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
| Barack Obama
|{{sortname|George W.|Bush}}
| Acting Director during remainder of Orszag's term
|
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Josh|Bolten|Joshua Bolten}}
| 38
| {{sortname|Jacob|Lew}}
|{{dts|June 6, 2003}}
|{{dts|April 15, 2006}}
| November 18, 2010 – January 27, 2012
|{{sortname|George W.|Bush}}
| Barack Obama
|
| Previously served under Clinton from 1998 to 2001 and resigned to become [[White House Chief of Staff|Chief of Staff]]
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Rob|Portman}}
| 39
| {{sortname|Jeffrey|Zients}}
|{{dts|May 26, 2006}}
|{{dts|June 19, 2007}}
| January 27, 2012 – April 24, 2013
|{{sortname|George W.|Bush}}
| Barack Obama
|
| Acting Director during remainder of Lew's term
|-
|-
|{{sortname|Jim|Nussle}}
| 40
|{{dts|September 4, 2007}}
| {{sortname|Sylvia Mathews|Burwell}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2009}}
| April 24, 2013 – present
|{{sortname|George W.|Bush}}
| Barack Obama
|
| Former deputy director of OMB under President Clinton
|-
|{{sortname|Peter|Orszag|Peter R. Orszag}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2009}}
|{{dts|July 30, 2010}}
|rowspan=7 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Jeff|Zients}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|July 30, 2010}}
|{{dts|November 18, 2010}}
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Jack|Lew}}
|{{dts|November 18, 2010}}
|{{dts|January 27, 2012}}
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Jeff|Zients}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 27, 2012}}
|{{dts|April 24, 2013}}
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{nowrap|{{sortname|Sylvia Mathews|Burwell}}}}
|{{dts|April 24, 2013}}
|{{dts|June 9, 2014}}
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Brian|Deese}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|June 9, 2014}}
|{{dts|July 28, 2014}}
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Shaun|Donovan}}
|{{dts|July 28, 2014}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2017}}
|{{sortname|Barack|Obama}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Mark|Sandy}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2017}}
|{{dts|February 16, 2017}}
|rowspan=3 style="background: {{party color|Republican Party (United States)}};" |
|{{sortname|Donald|Trump}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Mick|Mulvaney}}
|{{dts|February 16, 2017}}<br>{{small|On leave: January 2, 2019 – March 31, 2020}}
|{{dts|March 31, 2020}}
|{{sortname|Donald|Trump}}
|Became Acting White House Chief of Staff on January 2, 2019, but remained OMB Director through the rest of his tenure.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/04/mick-mulvaney-trump-government-shutdown-white-house-border-wall-1080820b |title=Mulvaney eggs Trump on in shutdown fight |last=Cook |first=Nancy |work=[[Politico]] |date=4 January 2019 |language=en |access-date=2019-11-12}}</ref>
|-
|{{sortname|Russ|Vought|Russell Vought}}
|{{dts|January 2, 2019}}<br>{{small|Acting: January 2, 2019 – July 22, 2020}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2021}}
|{{sortname|Donald|Trump}}
|Initially Acting Director during Mulvaney's service as Acting White House Chief of Staff continued until Vought was confirmed.<ref name=":3"/><ref>{{cite web |last=Emma |first=Caitlin |date=July 20, 2020 |title=Senate confirms Russ Vought to be White House budget chief |language=en |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/07/20/senate-confirms-russ-vought-to-be-white-house-budget-chief-373589 |access-date=July 22, 2020}}</ref>
|-
|{{sortname|Rob|Fairweather}}<br>{{small|Acting}}
|{{dts|January 20, 2021}}
|{{dts|March 24, 2021}}
|rowspan=2 style="background: {{party color|Democratic Party (United States)}};" |
|{{sortname|Joe|Biden}}
|
|-
|{{sortname|Shalanda|Young}}
|{{dts|March 24, 2021}}<br>{{small|Acting: March 24, 2021 – March 17, 2022}}
|present
|{{sortname|Joe|Biden}}
|While Young was Acting Director, [[Jason Miller (government official)|Jason Miller]] assumed duties during her parental leave from October 2021 – December 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meritalk.com/articles/acting-omb-director-young-to-take-maternal-leave-soon-jason-miller-to-handle-day-to-day |title=Acting OMB Director Young to Take Maternal Leave Soon, Jason Miller to Handle Day-to-Day}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/582449-democrats-frustrated-by-vacancies-across-government |title=Democrats frustrated by vacancies across government |date=21 November 2021}}</ref>
|}
|}
Source:<ref>{{cite web |title=Directors of The Office of Management and Budget and The Bureau of the Budget |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/organization_former_directors/ |date= |work= |publisher=Office of Management and Budget(Archived) |accessdate=18 October 2009}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
{{portal|Geography|<!--Demography-->|North America|<!--Northern America-->|United States|Government of the United States}}
{{portal|Geography|<!--Demography-->|United States}}
*[[Outline of the United States]]
*[[List of federal agencies in the United States]]
*[[Learning agenda]]
*[[Index of United States-related articles]]
*[[Book:United States]]
*[[United States Census Bureau]]
**[[List of U.S. states and territories by population]]
*[[Geography]]
**[[List of metropolitan areas of the United States]]
**[[Human geography]]
**[[List of United States cities by population]]
***[[Demography]]
*[[United States]]
**[[List of United States counties and county-equivalents]]
**[[United States primary statistical area|Primary statistical area]] ([[List of primary statistical areas of the United States|list]])
*[[Demographics of the United States]]
***[[Combined statistical area]] ([[List of combined statistical areas|list]])
**[[United States Census Bureau]]
***[[Core-based statistical area]] ([[List of core-based statistical areas|list]])
***[[List of U.S. states and territories by population]]
****[[Metropolitan statistical area]] ([[List of metropolitan statistical areas|list]])
***[[List of metropolitan areas of the United States]]
****[[Micropolitan statistical area]] ([[List of micropolitan statistical areas|list]])
***[[List of United States cities by population]]
***[[List of United States counties and county-equivalents]]
**[[United States urban area]] ([[List of United States urban areas|list]])
*[[Title 2 of the Code of Federal Regulations]]
<!-- ***[[Cities and metropolitan areas of the United States]] -->
*[[Title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations]]
**Office of Management and Budget
*[[United States federal budget]]
***The OMB has defined [[Statistical area (United States)|1098 statistical areas]] comprising [[List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas|388&nbsp;MSAs]], [[List of Micropolitan Statistical Areas|541&nbsp;μSAs]], and [[List of Combined Statistical Areas|169&nbsp;CSAs]]
*[[Office of Federal Financial Management]]
****[[United States primary statistical area|Primary statistical area]] – [[List of primary statistical areas of the United States|List of the 574&nbsp;PSAs]]
*[[Office of Federal Procurement Policy]]
*****[[Combined Statistical Area]] – [[List of Combined Statistical Areas|List of the 169&nbsp;CSAs]]
*[[Government procurement in the United States]]
*****[[Core Based Statistical Area]] – [[List of Core Based Statistical Areas|List of the 929&nbsp;CBSAs]]
*[[Office of E-Government & Information Technology]]
******[[Metropolitan Statistical Area]] – [[List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas|List of the 388&nbsp;MSAs]]
*[[Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]]
******[[Micropolitan Statistical Area]] – [[List of Micropolitan Statistical Areas|List of the 541&nbsp;μSAs]]
*[[Data.gov]]
***[[United States urban area]]
*[[USAFacts]]
***:[[List of United States urban areas]]

* [[United States federal budget]]
== Notes ==
* [[Office of Federal Financial Management]]
{{Notelist}}
* [[Office of Federal Procurement Policy]]
* [[Office of E-Government & Information Technology]]
* [[Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs]]
{{clear}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{sister project links|United States Office of Management and Budget}}
{{sister project links|United States Office of Management and Budget}}
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/ United States Office of Management and Budget website]
*{{Official website|https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb}}
*[https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/management-and-budget-office Office of Management and Budget] in the [[Federal Register]]
*[http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/publication-series/?id=54 Budget of the United States Government] and Supplements, 1923–present
* [http://www.wallstats.com/deathandtaxes/resource/ Death and Taxes: 2009] A visual guide and infographic of the 2009 United States federal discretionary budget request as prepared by the OMB.
*[https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/series/4527 Budget of the United States government] and supplements, 1923–present
*[http://www.wallstats.com/deathandtaxes/resource/ Death and Taxes: 2009] A visual guide and infographic of the 2009 United States federal discretionary budget request as prepared by OMB
* [http://www.govexec.com/story_page.cfm?articleid=32058&dcn=e_gvet "The Decision Makers: Office of Management and Budget" GovExec.com, August 22, 2005]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110606125344/http://www.govexec.com/story_page.cfm?articleid=32058&dcn=e_gvet "The Decision Makers: Office of Management and Budget" GovExec.com, August 22, 2005]

* [http://www.thecre.com/ombpapers/OMB_Officials.htm OMB Regulatory Officials By Administration]
* [http://www.thecre.com/ombpapers/centralrev.html History OMB Regulatory Review]
{{EOP agencies}}
{{EOP agencies}}
{{USCensus Geography}}
{{US statistical agencies}}
{{Warren G. Harding}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Office Of Management And Budget}}
[[Category:United States Office of Management and Budget| ]]
[[Category:United States Office of Management and Budget| ]]
[[Category:Executive Office of the President of the United States|Management and Budget]]
[[Category:Executive Office of the President of the United States|Management and budget]]
[[Category:United States administrative law]]
[[Category:United States administrative law]]
[[Category:United States federal budgets]]
[[Category:United States federal budgets]]
[[Category:Cabinet of the United States]]
[[Category:Cabinet of the United States|Management and budget]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1970]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1970]]

Latest revision as of 21:43, 15 November 2024

Office of Management and Budget
Agency overview
FormedJuly 1, 1970; 54 years ago (1970-07-01)
Preceding agency
  • Bureau of the Budget
HeadquartersEisenhower Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Employees448[1]
Annual budget$141 million (FY 2022)
Agency executive
Parent agencyExecutive Office of the President of the United States
Child agencies
Websitewh.gov/omb

The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is the largest office[a] within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP). OMB's most prominent function is to produce the president's budget,[2] but it also examines agency programs, policies, and procedures to see whether they comply with the president's policies and coordinates inter-agency policy initiatives.

Shalanda Young became OMB's acting director in March 2021,[3] and was confirmed by the Senate in March 2022.[4]

History

[edit]

The Bureau of the Budget, OMB's predecessor, was established in 1921 as a part of the Department of the Treasury by the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, which President Warren G. Harding signed into law. The Bureau of the Budget was moved to the Executive Office of the President in 1939 and was run by Harold D. Smith during the government's rapid expansion of spending during World War II. James L. Sundquist, a staffer at the Bureau of the Budget, called the relationship between the president and the bureau extremely close and subsequent bureau directors politicians, not public administrators.[5]

The bureau was reorganized into the Office of Management and Budget in 1970 during the Nixon administration.[6] The first OMB included Roy Ash (head), Paul O'Neill (assistant director), Fred Malek (deputy director), Frank Zarb (associate director) and two dozen others.

In the 1990s, OMB was reorganized to remove the distinction between management staff and budgetary staff by combining the dual roles into each given program examiner within the Resource Management Offices.[7]

Purpose

[edit]

OMB prepares the president's budget proposal to Congress and supervises the administration of the executive branch agencies. It evaluates the effectiveness of agency programs, policies, and procedures, assesses competing funding demands among agencies, and sets funding priorities. OMB ensures that agency reports, rules, testimony, and proposed legislation are consistent with the president's budget and administration policies.

OMB also oversees and coordinates the administration's procurement, financial management, information, and regulatory policies. In each of these areas, OMB's role is to help improve administrative management, develop better performance measures and coordinating mechanisms, and reduce unnecessary burdens on the public.

OMB's critical missions are:[8]

  1. Budget development and execution, a prominent government-wide process managed by the Executive Office of the President (EOP) and a device by which a president implements their policies, priorities, and actions in everything from the Department of Defense to NASA.
  2. Managing other agencies' financials, paperwork, and IT.

Structure

[edit]

Overview

[edit]

OMB is made up mainly of career appointed staff who provide continuity across changes of party and administration in the White House. Six positions within OMB – the Director, the Deputy Director, the Deputy Director for Management, and the administrators of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, the Office of Federal Procurement Policy, and the Office of Federal Financial Management – are presidentially appointed and Senate-confirmed positions.

OMB's largest components are the five Resource Management Offices, which are organized along functional lines mirroring the federal government, each led by an OMB associate director. Approximately half of all OMB staff are assigned to these offices, the majority of whom are designated as program examiners. Program examiners can be assigned to monitor one or more federal agencies or may be deployed by a topical area, such as monitoring issues relating to U.S. Navy warships. These staff have dual responsibility for both management and budgetary issues, as well as for giving expert advice on all aspects relating to their programs. Each year they review federal agency budget requests and help decide what resource requests will be sent to Congress as part of the president's budget. They perform in-depth program evaluations with the Program Assessment Rating Tool, review proposed regulations and agency testimony, analyze pending legislation, and oversee the aspects of the president's management agenda including agency management scorecards. They are often called upon to provide analysis information to EOP staff. They also provide important information to those assigned to the statutory offices within OMB: the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, the Office of Federal Procurement Policy, the Office of Federal Financial Management, and the Office of E-Government & Information Technology, which specializes in issues such as federal regulations and procurement policy and law.

Other components are OMB-wide support offices, including the Office of General Counsel, the Office of Legislative Affairs, the Budget Review Division (BRD), and the Legislative Reference Division. The BRD performs government-wide budget coordination and is largely responsible for the technical aspects relating to the release of the president's budget each February. With respect to the estimation of spending for the executive branch, the BRD serves a purpose parallel to that of the Congressional Budget Office (which was created in response to the OMB) for estimating Congressional spending, the Department of the Treasury for estimating executive branch revenue, and the Joint Committee on Taxation for estimating Congressional revenue.

The Legislative Reference Division is the federal government's central clearing house for proposed legislation or testimony by federal officials. It distributes proposed legislation and testimony to all relevant federal reviewers and distills the comments into a consensus opinion of the administration about the proposal. It is also responsible for writing an Enrolled Bill Memorandum to the president once a bill is presented by both chambers of Congress for the president's signature. The Enrolled Bill Memorandum details the bill's particulars, opinions on the bill from relevant federal departments, and an overall opinion about whether it should be signed into law or vetoed. It also issues Statements of Administration Policy that let Congress know the White House's official position on proposed legislation.

Role in the executive budget process

[edit]

In practice, the president has assigned the OMB certain responsibilities when it comes to the budget and hiring authorities who play key roles in developing it. OMB coordinates the development of the president's budget proposal by issuing circulars, memoranda, and guidance documents to the heads of executive agencies. The OMB works very closely with executive agencies in making sure the budget process and proposal is smooth.[9]

The development of the budget within the executive branch has many steps and takes nearly a year to complete. The first step is the OMB informing the president of the country's economic situation. The next step is known as the Spring Guidance: the OMB gives executive agencies instructions on policy guidance to use when coming up with their budget requests along with due dates for them to submit their requests. The OMB then works with the agencies to discuss issues in the upcoming budget. In July, the OMB issues circular A-11 to all agencies, which outlines instructions for submitting the budget proposals, which the agencies submit by September. The fiscal year begins October 1 and OMB staff meet with senior agency representatives to find out whether their proposals are in line with the president's priorities and policies and identify constraints within the budget proposal until late November. The OMB director then meets with the president and EOP advisors to discuss the agencies' budget proposals and recommends a federal budget proposal, and the agencies are notified of the decisions about their requests. They can appeal to OMB and the president in December if they are dissatisfied with the decisions. After working together to resolve issues, agencies and OMB prepare a budget justification document to present to relevant congressional committees, especially the Appropriations Committee. Finally, by the first Monday in February, the president must review and submit the final budget to Congress to approve.[10]

OMB is also responsible for the preparation of Statements of Administrative Policy (SAPs) with the president. These statements allow the OMB to communicate the president's and agencies' policies to the government as a whole and set forth policymakers' agendas.[10] During the review of the federal budget, interest groups can lobby for policy change and affect the budget for the new year.[11] OMB plays a key role in policy conflicts by making sure legislation and agencies' actions are consistent with the executive branch's. OMB has a powerful and influential role in the government, basically making sure its day-to-day operations run. Without a budget, federal employees could not be paid, federal buildings could not open and federal programs would come to a halt in a government shutdown. Shutdowns can occur when Congress refuses to pass a budget.[11]

Suspension and debarment

[edit]

The Interagency Suspension and Debarment Committee (ISDC) was created as an OMB committee by President Ronald Reagan's Executive Order 12549 in 1986, for the purpose of monitoring the implementation of the order. This order mandates executive departments and agencies to:

Circulars

[edit]
Main article: List of OMB Circulars and Bulletins

Circulars are instructions or information the OMB issues to federal agencies that are indexed by major category: Budget, State and Local Governments, Educational and Non-Profit Institutions, Federal Procurement, Federal Financial Management, Federal Information Resources / Data Collection and Other Special Purpose.[13]

Circular NO. A-119 Circular A-119[14] is for federal participation in the development and use of voluntary consensus standards and in conformity assessment activities. A-119 instructs its agencies to adopt voluntary consensus standards before relying upon industry standards and reducing to a minimum the reliance by agencies on government standards. Adoption of international standards is widely followed by U.S. agencies.[15] This includes:

Organization

[edit]

Current appointees

[edit]

List of directors

[edit]

List of OMB directors.[25]

Name Start End President Notes
Charles Dawes June 23, 1921 June 30, 1922 Warren G. Harding
Herbert Lord July 1, 1922 May 31, 1929 Warren G. Harding
Calvin Coolidge
Herbert Hoover
Clawson Roop August 15, 1929 March 3, 1933 Herbert Hoover
Lewis Douglas March 7, 1933 August 31, 1934 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Daniel Bell September 1, 1934 April 14, 1939 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Harold Smith April 15, 1939 June 19, 1946 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Harry S. Truman
James Webb July 13, 1946 January 27, 1949 Harry S. Truman
Frank Pace February 1, 1949 April 12, 1950 Harry S. Truman
Fred Lawton April 13, 1950 January 21, 1953 Harry S. Truman
Joseph Dodge January 22, 1953 April 15, 1954 Dwight D. Eisenhower
Rowland Hughes April 16, 1954 April 1, 1956 Dwight D. Eisenhower
Percival Brundage April 2, 1956 March 17, 1958 Dwight D. Eisenhower
Maurice Stans March 18, 1958 January 21, 1961 Dwight D. Eisenhower
David Bell January 22, 1961 December 20, 1962 John F. Kennedy
Kermit Gordon December 28, 1962 June 1, 1965 John F. Kennedy
Lyndon B. Johnson
Charles Schultze June 1, 1965 January 28, 1968 Lyndon B. Johnson
Charles Zwick January 29, 1968 January 21, 1969 Lyndon B. Johnson
Bob Mayo January 22, 1969 June 30, 1970 Richard Nixon
George Shultz July 1, 1970 June 11, 1972 Richard Nixon
Caspar Weinberger June 12, 1972 February 1, 1973 Richard Nixon
Roy Ash February 2, 1973 February 3, 1975 Richard Nixon
Gerald Ford
James Lynn February 10, 1975 January 20, 1977 Gerald Ford
Bert Lance January 21, 1977 September 23, 1977 Jimmy Carter
Jim McIntyre September 24, 1977 January 20, 1981 Jimmy Carter
David Stockman January 21, 1981 August 1, 1985 Ronald Reagan
Jim Miller October 8, 1985 October 15, 1988 Ronald Reagan
Joe Wright October 16, 1988 January 20, 1989 Ronald Reagan
Dick Darman January 25, 1989 January 20, 1993 George H. W. Bush
Leon Panetta January 21, 1993 July 17, 1994 Bill Clinton
Alice Rivlin October 17, 1994 April 26, 1996 Bill Clinton
Frank Raines September 13, 1996 May 21, 1998 Bill Clinton
Jack Lew May 21, 1998 January 19, 2001 Bill Clinton
Mitch Daniels January 23, 2001 June 6, 2003 George W. Bush
Josh Bolten June 6, 2003 April 15, 2006 George W. Bush
Rob Portman May 26, 2006 June 19, 2007 George W. Bush
Jim Nussle September 4, 2007 January 20, 2009 George W. Bush
Peter Orszag January 20, 2009 July 30, 2010 Barack Obama
Jeff Zients
Acting 		July 30, 2010 November 18, 2010 Barack Obama
Jack Lew November 18, 2010 January 27, 2012 Barack Obama
Jeff Zients
Acting 		January 27, 2012 April 24, 2013 Barack Obama
Sylvia Mathews Burwell April 24, 2013 June 9, 2014 Barack Obama
Brian Deese
Acting 		June 9, 2014 July 28, 2014 Barack Obama
Shaun Donovan July 28, 2014 January 20, 2017 Barack Obama
Mark Sandy
Acting 		January 20, 2017 February 16, 2017 Donald Trump
Mick Mulvaney February 16, 2017
On leave: January 2, 2019 – March 31, 2020 		March 31, 2020 Donald Trump Became Acting White House Chief of Staff on January 2, 2019, but remained OMB Director through the rest of his tenure.[26]
Russ Vought January 2, 2019
Acting: January 2, 2019 – July 22, 2020 		January 20, 2021 Donald Trump Initially Acting Director during Mulvaney's service as Acting White House Chief of Staff continued until Vought was confirmed.[26][27]
Rob Fairweather
Acting 		January 20, 2021 March 24, 2021 Joe Biden
Shalanda Young March 24, 2021
Acting: March 24, 2021 – March 17, 2022 		present Joe Biden While Young was Acting Director, Jason Miller assumed duties during her parental leave from October 2021 – December 2021.[28][29]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ In terms of number of employees and budget

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Executive Office of the President" (PDF). whitehouse.gov.
  2. ^ "The Mission and Structure of the Office of Management and Budget".
  3. ^ "The Mission and Structure of the Office of Management and Budget". The White House. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
  4. ^ "Congressional Record Senate Articles". www.congress.gov. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  5. ^ Oral History Interview with James L. Sundquist, Washington, D.C., July 15, 1963, by Charles T. Morrissey, "James L. Sundquist Oral History Interview | Harry S. Truman".
  6. ^ "84 Stat. 2085" (PDF). govinfo.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 22, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
  7. ^ "OMB Organization Chart" (PDF). Office of Management and Budget. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 6, 2017.
  8. ^ Organization Mission at archive of OMB site
  9. ^ Berman, Larry (March 8, 2015). The Office of Management and Budget and the Presidency, 1921-1979. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9781400867288. OCLC 905862779.
  10. ^ a b Shambaugwh IV, George E.; Weinstein Jr., Paul J (2016). The Art of Policymaking. Thousand Oaks, California: CQ Press. pp. 109–113. ISBN 978-0321081032.
  11. ^ a b Haeder, Simon F.; Webb Yackee, Susan (August 2015). "Influence and the Administrative Process: Lobbying the U.S. President's Office of Management and Budget". American Political Science Review. 109 (3): 507–522. doi:10.1017/S0003055415000246. ISSN 0003-0554. S2CID 145226542.
  12. ^ US Environmental Protection Agency, Interagency Suspension and Debarment Committee, updated 15 June 2020, accessed 8 February 2021
  13. ^ "Circulars". whitehouse.gov. The White House.
  14. ^ "CIRCULAR NO. A-119 Revised" (PDF). whitehouse.gov. The White House. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 19, 2017.
  15. ^ "National Examples - United States of America". policy.iso.org. International Organization for Standardization.
  16. ^ "Environmental Management Systems (EMS)". epa.gov. EPA. November 5, 2014.
  17. ^ "Environmental Management". policy.iso.org. International Organization for Standardization.
  18. ^ "ISO 50001 Energy Management Standard". energy.gov. Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy.
  19. ^ "Energy Management". policy.iso.org. International Organization for Standardization.
  20. ^ "Guidance for Executive Order 13673, "Fair Pay and Safe Workplaces"; Final Guidance". osha.gov. US Department of Labor.
  21. ^ "Medical Device Single Audit Program (MDSAP)". fda.gov. FDA. February 7, 2022.
  22. ^ "Medical Devices". policy.iso.org. International Organization for Standardization.
  23. ^ "FSMA Final Rule for Preventive Controls for Human Food". regulations.gov. FDA.
  24. ^ "Food Products". policy.iso.org. International Organization for Standardization.
  25. ^ "Directors of The Office of Management and Budget and The Bureau of the Budget". Office of Management and Budget(Archived). Retrieved October 18, 2009.
  26. ^ a b Cook, Nancy (January 4, 2019). "Mulvaney eggs Trump on in shutdown fight". Politico. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
  27. ^ Emma, Caitlin (July 20, 2020). "Senate confirms Russ Vought to be White House budget chief". Politico. Retrieved July 22, 2020.
  28. ^ "Acting OMB Director Young to Take Maternal Leave Soon, Jason Miller to Handle Day-to-Day".
  29. ^ "Democrats frustrated by vacancies across government". November 21, 2021.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Management_and_Budget&oldid=1257618835"