Jump to content

ČSA Flight 001: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 48°10′55″N 17°11′24″E / 48.18194°N 17.19000°E / 48.18194; 17.19000
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No such portal exists.
m capitalization/spelling: Similiar → similar
 
(38 intermediate revisions by 28 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|1976 crash in Czechoslovakia killing 73}}
⚫
{{Infobox Airliner accident|name=Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001|
{{expand Russian|topic=transport|otherarticle=Катастрофа Ил-18 в Братиславе|date=March 2017}}
Crash image=Il-18 CSA.jpg|
{{Infobox aircraft occurrence
⚫
Image caption=Ilyushin Il-18B in ČSA livery|
⚫
| name = Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001
Crash site near [[Zlaté piesky]]|
| image = CSA Ilyushin Il-18 Robbins-1.jpg
⚫
Date=July 28, 1976, 9.37 [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]|
| alt =
⚫
Type=Pilot error and/or technical failure|
⚫
| Image caption = ČSA Ilyushin Il-18, similar aircraft
⚫
occurrence_type = Accident|
⚫
| Date = July 28, 1976, 9:37 [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
⚫
Site=Lake [[Zlaté piesky]] near [[Bratislava]], [[Czechoslovakia]]|
⚫
| Type = [[Pilot error]] and/or technical failure
⚫
Fatalities=76|
⚫
| occurrence_type = Accident
⚫
Injuries=3|
⚫
| Site = Lake [[Zlaté Piesky]] near [[Bratislava Airport|M. R. Štefánik Airport]], [[Bratislava]], [[Czechoslovakia]]
⚫
Aircraft Type=[[Ilyushin Il-18]]B|
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|48|10|55|N|17|11|24|E|type:event|display=title,inline}}
⚫
Operator=[[Czech Airlines|ČSA]]|
⚫
| Fatalities = 76
Tail Number=OK-NAB|
⚫
| Injuries = 3
⚫
Passengers=73|
⚫
| aircraft_type = [[Ilyushin Il-18]]B
Crew=6|
| aircraft_name =
Survivors=3 (passengers)|
⚫
| Operator = [[Czech Airlines|ČSA]]
| tail_number = OK-NAB
| origin = [[Václav Havel Airport Prague|Ruzyně International Airport]], [[Prague]]
| stopover =
| stopover0 =
| Occupants = 79
| last_stopover =
| destination = M. R. Štefánik Airport, Bratislava
⚫
| Passengers = 73
| Crew = 6
| missing =
| Survivors = 3
}}
}}
'''Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001 ''' was an [[Ilyushin Il-18]]B4 engine [[turboprop]] airliner, registered OK-NAB, which was operating as a scheduled domestic passenger flight from [[Prague]]'s [[Ruzyně International Airport|Ruzyně]] airport to [[M. R. Štefánik Airport|Bratislava-Ivanka Airport]], both in [[Czechoslovakia]], which crashed into the [[Zlaté Piesky]] (Golden Sands) Lake while attempting to land in Bratislava on July 28, 1976. All 6 crew members and 70 out of 73 passengers died.
'''Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001 ''' was an [[Ilyushin Il-18]]B four engine [[turboprop]] airliner, registered OK-NAB, which was operating as a scheduled domestic passenger flight from [[Prague]]'s [[Václav Havel Airport Prague|Ruzyně]] airport to [[Bratislava Airport|Bratislava-Ivanka Airport]], both in [[Czechoslovakia]], which crashed into the [[Zlaté Piesky]] (Golden Sands) Lake while attempting to land in Bratislava on July 28, 1976. All 6 crew members and 70 out of 73 passengers died.<ref name="ASN">{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-18V OK-NAB Bratislava-Ivanka Airport (BTS) |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760728-1 |access-date=2020-10-07 |website=Aviation Safety Network |publisher=[[Flight Safety Foundation]]}}</ref>


==Crash==
==Crash==


The flight departed Prague airport at 8:52 ([[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]) and proceeded routinely to Bratislava. At 9:35:10 ([[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]) the flight was cleared by [[Bratislava]] tower to land on runway 22. For reasons that are unclear, the crew executed a highly unstabilized [[Instrument Landing System|ILS]] [[instrument approach]] to runway 22, with rates of descent as high as {{convert|22|m/s|abbr=on}} instead of {{convert|10|m/s|abbr=on}}; speeds varying from {{convert|225|to|435|km/h|abbr=on}} instead of {{convert|269|km/h|abbr=on}}; and flap selection directly from 0 degree to full flaps instead of in gradual increments. As they approached the runway, the crew inadvertently set thrust reversal at the no. 2 and no. 3 engine (inboard engines) while still airborne. The thrust reversal caused the no. 3 engine to fail and the crew then inadvertently feathered the no. 4 prop, losing all thrust on the right side of the aircraft. At {{convert|50|m|abbr=on}} above the runway threshold the crew attempted to execute a [[go around]]. They tried to restart the no. 4 engine at {{convert|40|m|abbr=on}}, but the ensuing right bank due to asymmetric thrust increased; the aircraft then lost control and struck lake [[Zlaté piesky]] (Golden Sands) in a 60 degree right bank and a 60 degree nose down attitude.<ref name=planes>[http://www.planes.cz/cs/historie/2/ Planes History]</ref>
The flight departed Prague airport at 8:52 ([[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]) and proceeded routinely to Bratislava. At 9:35:10 ([[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]) the flight was cleared by [[Bratislava]] tower to land on runway 22. For reasons that are unclear, the crew executed a highly unstabilized [[Instrument landing system|ILS]] [[instrument approach]] to runway 22, with rates of descent as high as 4,320 fpm or {{convert|22|m/s|abbr=on}} instead of {{convert|10|m/s|abbr=on}}; speeds varying from {{convert|225|to|435|km/h|abbr=on}} instead of {{convert|269|km/h|abbr=on}}; and flap selection directly from 0 degree to full flaps instead of in gradual increments. As they approached the runway, the crew inadvertently set thrust reversal at the no. 2 and no. 3 engine (inboard engines) while still airborne. The thrust reversal caused the no. 3 engine to fail and the crew then inadvertently feathered the no. 4 prop, losing all thrust on the right side of the aircraft.<ref name="planecrashinfo.com">{{Cite web|title=Information about the plane crash|url=http://www.planecrashinfo.com/1976/1976-31.htm|access-date=2020-10-07|website=www.planecrashinfo.com}}</ref> At {{convert|50|m|abbr=on}} above the runway threshold the crew attempted to execute a [[go-around]]. They tried to restart the no. 4 engine at {{convert|40|m|abbr=on}}, but the ensuing right bank due to asymmetric thrust increased; the aircraft then lost control and struck lake [[Zlaté Piesky]] (Golden Sands) in a 60 degree right bank and a 60 degree nose down attitude.<ref name=planes>{{Cite web |url=http://www.planes.cz/cs/historie/2/ |title=Planes History |access-date=2007-01-04 |archive-date=2007-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104161249/http://www.planes.cz/cs/historie/2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Communications log ==
('''001''' - ČSA Flight 001, '''TWR''' – Bratislava air traffic control)

; ''09:36:20''
: '''TWR:''' 001 Making [[go-around]]?
: '''001:''' Affirmative
: '''TWR:''' Roger, left turn
; ''09:36:30''
: '''001:''' Roger
; ''09:36:50''
: '''TWR:''' Left turn 001!
: '''001:''' ''…… (not acknowledged)''
; ''09:37:10''
: '''001:''' Ono to byla štyrka ano... ''/ It was no. 4 yes... /'' ''(accidentally broadcast)''


==Investigation==
==Investigation==


The investigators published <ref name=final>[http://www.k-report.net/ukazobrazek.php?soubor=204349.jpg&httpref=54342/154538 Final report - page 57] (in czech)</ref> the causes as follows:
The investigators published <ref name=final>[http://www.k-report.net/ukazobrazek.php?soubor=204349.jpg&httpref=54342/154538 Final report - page 57] (in czech)</ref> the causes as follows:
* Use of thrust reversal at altitude under {{convert|1000|m|abbr=on}}
* Use of thrust reversal at altitude under {{convert|1000|m|abbr=on}}.
* Improper manipulation of the thrust levers of the inner engines
* Improper manipulation of the thrust levers of the inner engines.
* Reducing speed under the allowed limit on final approach
* Reducing speed under the allowed limit on final approach.
* Erroneous feathering of the engine number 4 propeller
* Erroneous feathering of the engine number 4 propeller.
* Failure to bank the plane towards the working engines side
* Failure to bank the plane towards the working engines side.
* The immediate cause was the attempt to start engine number 4 at low speed and altitude
* The immediate cause was the attempt to start engine number 4 at low speed and altitude.


==Rescue operation==
==Rescue operation==
The plane crashed into a lake in a densely populated area and rescue operations started immediately after the crash. [[Svazarm]] divers tried to help, but most passengers drowned or died due to crash forces. Initially four passengers were pulled out alive, of whom two later died in the hospital.
The plane crashed into a lake in a densely populated area and rescue operations started immediately after the crash. [[Svazarm]] divers tried to help, but most passengers drowned or died due to the impact forces. Initially, four passengers were pulled out alive; one passenger later died in the hospital.<ref name="ASN" />


==Controversy==
==Controversy==
Surviving passenger Jaromír Kratochvíl later claimed in an interview that flight captain requested emergency landing in [[Brno]] but it was rejected because of the Vietnamese delegation visiting the city and an emergency landing would harm the image of the country. He also claimed that [[Vienna International Airport|Vienna airport]] offered an emergency landing permission but [[Communism|communist]] authorities rejected it.<ref name=pravda>[http://spravy.pravda.sk/pred-30-rokmi-v-bratislave-spadlo-lietadlo-fp8-/sk_zaujima.asp?c=A060725_094750_sk_zaujima_p12 'Plane crashed in Bratislava 30 years ago (''Pred 30 rokmi v Bratislave spadlo lietadlo'')' at [[Pravda (Slovakia)|Pravda]], 28 July 2006]</ref> It is unclear how a surviving passenger would be aware of the captain's actions during the flight, or how searching for an alternate emergency landing site relates to an unstablilized approach with inadvertent thrust reversal deployment at Bratislava.
A surviving passenger later claimed in an interview that flight captain requested emergency landing in [[Brno]] but it was rejected because of the Vietnamese delegation visiting the city and an emergency landing would harm the image of the country. He also claimed that [[Vienna International Airport|Vienna airport]] offered an emergency landing permission but [[Communism|communist]] authorities rejected it.<ref name="pravda">{{Cite news|date=2006-07-25|title=Pred 30 rokmi v Bratislave spadlo lietadlo|language=sk-SK|trans-title=Plane crashed in Bratislava 30 years ago|work=[[Pravda (Slovakia)|Pravda]]|url=http://spravy.pravda.sk/pred-30-rokmi-v-bratislave-spadlo-lietadlo-fp8-/sk_zaujima.asp?c=A060725_094750_sk_zaujima_p12}}</ref> It is unclear how a surviving passenger would be aware of the captain's actions during the flight, or how searching for an alternate emergency landing site relates to an unstabilized approach with inadvertent thrust reversal deployment at Bratislava.


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Aviation|1970s|Disasters}}
{{Portal bar|Aviation|Czech Republic|Slovakia|1970s}}
*[[List of notable accidents and incidents on commercial aircraft]]
*[[List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft]]
*[[TABSO Flight 101]] - Ilyushin Il-18B crash at Bratislava in 1966
*[[TABSO Flight 101]] – Ilyushin Il-18B crash at Bratislava in 1966


==References==
==References==
Line 47: Line 74:


==External links==
==External links==
⚫
* [http://www.planecrashinfo.com/1976/1976-31.htm Information about the plane crash]
* {{ASN accident|id=19760728-1}}
⚫
* [https://maps.google.com/maps?q=48.17,17.2125&ie=UTF8&om=1&z=14&ll=48.172268,17.212486&spn=0.041613,0.118103&t=h GoogleMap aerial view of Bratislava airport and accident site]
⚫
* [http://www.planecrashinfo.com/1976/1976-48.htm Information about the plane crash]
⚫
* [http://maps.google.com/maps?q=48.17,17.2125&ie=UTF8&om=1&z=14&ll=48.172268,17.212486&spn=0.041613,0.118103&t=h GoogleMap aerial view of Bratislava airport and accident site]


{{Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976}}
{{Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976}}
{{Aviation accidents and incidents in Czechoslovakia}}

{{Authority control}}
⚫
{{coord|48|10|55|N|17|11|24|E|source:kolossus-cswiki_type:event|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Csa Flight Ok-Nab}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Csa Flight Ok-Nab}}
[[Category:Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error]]
[[Category:Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Slovakia]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Slovakia]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976]]
Line 63: Line 89:
[[Category:1976 in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:1976 in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-18]]
[[Category:Accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-18]]
[[Category:July 1976 events in Europe]]

Latest revision as of 15:38, 15 June 2024

Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001
ČSA Ilyushin Il-18, similar aircraft
Accident
DateJuly 28, 1976, 9:37 CEST
SummaryPilot error and/or technical failure
SiteLake Zlaté Piesky near M. R. Štefánik Airport, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia
48°10′55″N 17°11′24″E / 48.18194°N 17.19000°E / 48.18194; 17.19000
Aircraft
Aircraft typeIlyushin Il-18B
OperatorČSA
RegistrationOK-NAB
Flight originRuzyně International Airport, Prague
DestinationM. R. Štefánik Airport, Bratislava
Occupants79
Passengers73
Crew6
Fatalities76
Injuries3
Survivors3

Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001 was an Ilyushin Il-18B four engine turboprop airliner, registered OK-NAB, which was operating as a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Prague's Ruzyně airport to Bratislava-Ivanka Airport, both in Czechoslovakia, which crashed into the Zlaté Piesky (Golden Sands) Lake while attempting to land in Bratislava on July 28, 1976. All 6 crew members and 70 out of 73 passengers died.[1]

Crash

[edit]

The flight departed Prague airport at 8:52 (CEST) and proceeded routinely to Bratislava. At 9:35:10 (CEST) the flight was cleared by Bratislava tower to land on runway 22. For reasons that are unclear, the crew executed a highly unstabilized ILS instrument approach to runway 22, with rates of descent as high as 4,320 fpm or 22 m/s (72 ft/s) instead of 10 m/s (33 ft/s); speeds varying from 225 to 435 km/h (140 to 270 mph) instead of 269 km/h (167 mph); and flap selection directly from 0 degree to full flaps instead of in gradual increments. As they approached the runway, the crew inadvertently set thrust reversal at the no. 2 and no. 3 engine (inboard engines) while still airborne. The thrust reversal caused the no. 3 engine to fail and the crew then inadvertently feathered the no. 4 prop, losing all thrust on the right side of the aircraft.[2] At 50 m (160 ft) above the runway threshold the crew attempted to execute a go-around. They tried to restart the no. 4 engine at 40 m (130 ft), but the ensuing right bank due to asymmetric thrust increased; the aircraft then lost control and struck lake Zlaté Piesky (Golden Sands) in a 60 degree right bank and a 60 degree nose down attitude.[3]

Communications log

[edit]

(001 - ČSA Flight 001, TWR – Bratislava air traffic control)

09:36:20
TWR: 001 Making go-around?
001: Affirmative
TWR: Roger, left turn
09:36:30
001: Roger
09:36:50
TWR: Left turn 001!
001: …… (not acknowledged)
09:37:10
001: Ono to byla štyrka ano... / It was no. 4 yes... / (accidentally broadcast)

Investigation

[edit]

The investigators published [4] the causes as follows:

  • Use of thrust reversal at altitude under 1,000 m (3,300 ft).
  • Improper manipulation of the thrust levers of the inner engines.
  • Reducing speed under the allowed limit on final approach.
  • Erroneous feathering of the engine number 4 propeller.
  • Failure to bank the plane towards the working engines side.
  • The immediate cause was the attempt to start engine number 4 at low speed and altitude.

Rescue operation

[edit]

The plane crashed into a lake in a densely populated area and rescue operations started immediately after the crash. Svazarm divers tried to help, but most passengers drowned or died due to the impact forces. Initially, four passengers were pulled out alive; one passenger later died in the hospital.[1]

Controversy

[edit]

A surviving passenger later claimed in an interview that flight captain requested emergency landing in Brno but it was rejected because of the Vietnamese delegation visiting the city and an emergency landing would harm the image of the country. He also claimed that Vienna airport offered an emergency landing permission but communist authorities rejected it.[5] It is unclear how a surviving passenger would be aware of the captain's actions during the flight, or how searching for an alternate emergency landing site relates to an unstabilized approach with inadvertent thrust reversal deployment at Bratislava.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-18V OK-NAB Bratislava-Ivanka Airport (BTS)". Aviation Safety Network. Flight Safety Foundation. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
  2. ^ "Information about the plane crash". www.planecrashinfo.com. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
  3. ^ "Planes History". Archived from the original on 2007-01-04. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
  4. ^ Final report - page 57 (in czech)
  5. ^ "Pred 30 rokmi v Bratislave spadlo lietadlo" [Plane crashed in Bratislava 30 years ago]. Pravda (in Slovak). 2006-07-25.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=ČSA_Flight_001&oldid=1229223516"