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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
{{taxobox
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|image = Justicia pectoralis by Scott Zona - 001.jpg
|image = Justicia pectoralis by Scott Zona - 001.jpg
|genus = Dianthera
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
|species = pectoralis
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|authority = ([[Jacq.]]) J.F.Gmel. (1791)
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|synonyms =
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
*''Ecbolium pectorale'' {{small|(Jacq.) Kuntze (1891)}}
⚫
|familia = [[Acanthaceae]]
*''Ecbolium willdenowii'' {{small|Kuntze (1891)}}
|genus = ''[[Justicia]]''
*''Justicia pectoralis'' {{small|Jacq. (1760)}}
⚫
|species = '''''J. pectoralis'''''
|binomial = ''Justicia pectoralis''
*''Justicia pectoralis var. latifolia'' {{small|Bremek. (1938)}}
*''Justicia pectoralis var. macrophyllus'' {{small|Durkee (1978)}}
|binomial_authority = [[Jacq.]]
*''Justicia pectoralis var. ovata'' {{small|Wassh. (1977)}}
⚫
|}}
*''Justicia pectoralis var. stenophylla'' {{small|Leonard (1958)}}
*''Justicia procumbens'' {{small|T.Anderson ex Nees (1847), not validly publ.}}
*''Justicia stuebelii'' {{small|Lindau (1896)}}
*''Leptostachya pectoralis'' {{small|(Jacq.) Nees & Mart. (1839)}}
*''Psacadocalymma pectorale'' {{small|(Jacq.) Bremek. (1948)}}
*''Rhytiglossa pectoralis'' {{small|(Jacq.) Nees (1845)}}
*''Rhytiglossa pectoralis var. monostachya'' {{small|Nees (1847)}}
*''Rhytiglossa scabra'' {{small|Nees (1847)}}
*''Stethoma pectoralis'' {{small|(Jacq.) Raf. (1838)}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:47290-1 ''Dianthera pectoralis'' (Jacq.) J.F.Gmel.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 26 January 2024.</ref>
⚫
}}


'''Justicia pectoralis''' is a [[herb]] of the [[Acanthus family]] (Acanthaceae). This [[water-willow]] is widely known as '''tilo''' in [[Latin America]]. In [[Haiti]] it is called '''''chapantye''''' and '''''zeb chapantyè''''' on [[Dominica]] and [[Martinique]]. Other folk names are '''''carpintero''''' ("carpenter"), '''''té criollo''''' ("''[[Criollo (people)|Criollo]]'' tea"), '''curia''', '''death-angel''', '''masha-hari''', or '''"piri piri"'''. This [[species]] was described by [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] in 1760, who provided additional data in 1763. A well-marked [[variety (botany)|variety]], var. ''stenophylla'', was described by [[Emery Clarence Leonard]] in 1958.
'''''Dianthera pectoralis''''' is an [[herb]] in the family [[Acanthaceae]]. This water-willow is widely known as '''tilo''' in [[Latin America]] and in [[Cuba]]. In [[Haiti]], it is called '''''chapantye''''' and '''''zeb chapantyè''''' on [[Dominica]] and [[Martinique]]. Other folk names are '''freshcut''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=JUPE3|taxon=Justicia pectoralis|accessdate=28 May 2015}}</ref> '''chambá'''<ref>{{cite journal|last1=de Albuquerque|first1=Ulysses Paulino|last2=Monteiro|first2=Júlio Marcelino|last3=Ramos|first3=Marcelo Alves|last4=de Amorim|first4=Elba Lúcia Cavalcanti|title=Medicinal and magic plants from a public market in northeastern Brazil|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|date=March 2007|volume=110|issue=1 <!--pages=76–91-->|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.010|at = Table 1|pmid=17056216}}</ref> '''''carpintero''''' ("carpenter"), '''''té criollo''''' ("''[[Criollo (people)|Criollo]]'' tea"), '''curia''', '''death-angel''', '''masha-hari''', or '''"piri piri"'''. This [[species]] was described by [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] in 1760, who provided additional data in 1763. A well-marked [[variety (botany)|variety]], var. ''stenophylla'', was described by [[Emery Clarence Leonard]] in 1958.


==Uses==
==Uses==


===Traditional uses===
===Traditional uses===
Across its range it is used in folk medicine as a relaxant and general tonic.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}} Additionally it is often used in [[Ayahuasca]], a tea containing the ''[[Banisteriopsis caapi]]'' vine.
Across its range, it is used in folk medicine as a relaxant and general tonic.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}} Additionally, it is often used in preparation of [[ayahuasca]], a South American psychoactive brew.{{citation needed|date=June 2015}}


===Extracts===
===Other uses===
⚫
As regards other applications, it is noted for its pleasant smell and as a source of [[coumarin]], which it produces in plenty, and which in combination with [[umbelliferone]] is responsible for many of its notable properties. It is also admixed to [[epená]] (''Virola'') snuff to make it smell more pleasant. In particular var. ''stenophylla'' might also be [[hallucinogenic]] in certain preparations; it is known to ''wajacas'' ([[shaman]]s) of the [[Krahô]] tribe in Brazil, who know that variety as '''''mashi-hiri''''' and consider it a potent [[entheogen]], not to be taken by the uninitiated.<ref name="Lino et al">{{Cite journal
Scientific study indicates that extracts of ''J. pectoralis'' as well as the isolated chemical constituents [[coumarin]] and [[umbelliferone]] possess anti-inflammatory and relaxant effects in animal models.<ref name="Leal et al">{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00165-8
| pmid = 10771205
| issn = 0378-8741
| volume = 70
| issue = 2
| pages = 151–159
| last = Leal
| first = L. K. A. M.
| coauthors = A. A. G. Ferreira, G. A. Bezerra, F. J. A. Matos, G. S. B. Viana
| title = Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator activities of Brazilian medicinal plants containing coumarin: a comparative study
| journal = Journal of Ethnopharmacology
| accessdate = 2010-06-26
⚫
| date = 2000-05
| url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T8D-401HF0N-7/2/24769b6cd38f782b5e802248821b9a31
}}</ref><ref name="Lino et al">{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199705)11:3<211::AID-PTR72>3.0.CO;2-W
| doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199705)11:3<211::AID-PTR72>3.0.CO;2-W
| volume = 11
| volume = 11
Line 44: Line 39:
| last = Lino
| last = Lino
| first = C. S.
| first = C. S.
| coauthors = M. L. Taveira, G. S. B. Viana, F. J. A. Matos
|author2=M. L. Taveira |author3=G. S. B. Viana |author4=F. J. A. Matos
| title = Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of ''Justicia pectoralis'' Jacq and its main constituents: coumarin and umbelliferone
| title = Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of ''Justicia pectoralis'' Jacq and its main constituents: coumarin and umbelliferone
| journal = Phytotherapy Research
| journal = Phytotherapy Research
| accessdate = 2010-06-26
| accessdate = 2010-06-26
| year = 1997
| year = 1997
| s2cid = 84525194
| url = http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/12627/abstract
| url = http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/12627/abstract
| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130105093057/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/12627/abstract
}}</ref>
| url-status = dead

⚫
| archive-date = 2013-01-05
===Other uses===
⚫
}}</ref><ref name="rodrigues & carlini">{{Cite journal| issn = 1516-4446| volume = 28| issue = 4| pages = 277–282| last = Rodrigues| first = Eliana|author2=E A Carlini| title = Plants with possible psychoactive effects used by the Krahô Indians, Brazil| journal = Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria| date = December 2006| pmid=17242806| doi = 10.1590/S1516-44462006005000014| url = http://repositorio.unifesp.br/bitstream/11600/3416/1/S1516-44462006000400006.pdf| doi-access = free}}</ref> The ''wajacas'' ([[shaman]]s) refer to the leaves of the Dianthera pectoralis ''var. stenophylla'' as bolek-bena meaning "Leaves of the Angel of Death". Its name likely comes from the fact it has killed three [[curandero]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Stafford|first=Peter|title=Psychedelics Encyclopedia|year=1993|publisher=Ronin Publishing|isbn=0914171518|page=321}}</ref>
⚫
As regards other applications, it is noted for its pleasant smell and as a source of [[coumarin]], which it produces in plenty, and which in combination with [[umbelliferone]] is responsible for many of its notable properties. It is also admixed to [[epená]] (''Virola'') snuff to make it smell more pleasant. In particular var. ''stenophylla'' might also be [[hallucinogenic]] in certain preparations; it is known to ''wajacas'' ([[shaman]]s) of the [[Craós]] (Krahós, Krahô) tribe in Brazil, who know that variety as '''''mashi-hiri''''' and consider it a potent [[entheogen]], not to be taken by the uninitiated.<ref name="Lino et al"/><ref name="rodrigues & carlini">{{Cite journal| issn = 1516-4446| volume = 28
⚫
| issue = 4| pages = 277–282| last = Rodrigues| first = Eliana| coauthors = E A Carlini| title = Plants with possible psychoactive effects used by the Krahô Indians, Brazil| journal = Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria (São Paulo, Brazil: 1999)| date = 2006-12| pmid=17242806| doi = 10.1590/S1516-44462006005000014}}</ref>. The ''wajacas'' ([[shaman]]s) refer to the leaves of the Justicia pectoralis ''var. stenophylla'' as bolek-bena meaning "Leaves of the Angel of Death." Its name likely comes from the fact it has killed three curanderos. <ref>{{cite book|last=Stafford|first=Peter|title=Psychedelics Encyclopedia|year=1993|publisher=Ronin Publishing|isbn=0914171518|page=321}}</ref>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
Line 62: Line 57:
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==Bibliography==
⚫
*{{aut|Comisión Técnica de Fitomed (CTF)}} [2003]: [http://www.sld.cu/fitomed/tilo.htm Tilo] [in Spanish]. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
{{more footnotes|date=June 2015}}
⚫
*{{aut|Comisión Técnica de Fitomed (CTF)}} [2003]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090525033232/http://www.sld.cu/fitomed/tilo.htm Tilo] [in Spanish]. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
*[http://consultas.cuba.cu/medicinaint.php?id_cat=4&letr=a&id_clasif=0&id=110 Tilo] (in Spanish), Consultas Medicas. Retrieved June 2010.
*[http://consultas.cuba.cu/medicinaint.php?id_cat=4&letr=a&id_clasif=0&id=110 Tilo] (in Spanish), Consultas Medicas. Retrieved June 2010.
*{{aut|[[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)}} (2006a): [[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] – [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?100683 ''Justicia pectoralis'']. Version of 2006-08-04. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
*{{aut|[[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)}} (2006a): [[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] – [https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?100683 ''Justicia pectoralis'']. Version of 2006-08-04. Retrieved 2008-04-04.


{{Taxonbar|from=Q9016813}}
⚫
[[Category:Justicia|pectoralis]]

⚫
[[Category:Acanthaceae]]
⚫
[[Category:Ayahuasca analogs]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1760]]

[[Category:Taxa named by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]]

{{acanthaceae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 20:42, 8 June 2024

Dianthera pectoralis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Acanthaceae
Genus: Dianthera
Species:
D. pectoralis
Binomial name
Dianthera pectoralis
(Jacq.) J.F.Gmel. (1791)
Synonyms[1]
  • Ecbolium pectorale (Jacq.) Kuntze (1891)
  • Ecbolium willdenowii Kuntze (1891)
  • Justicia pectoralis Jacq. (1760)
  • Justicia pectoralis var. latifolia Bremek. (1938)
  • Justicia pectoralis var. macrophyllus Durkee (1978)
  • Justicia pectoralis var. ovata Wassh. (1977)
  • Justicia pectoralis var. stenophylla Leonard (1958)
  • Justicia procumbens T.Anderson ex Nees (1847), not validly publ.
  • Justicia stuebelii Lindau (1896)
  • Leptostachya pectoralis (Jacq.) Nees & Mart. (1839)
  • Psacadocalymma pectorale (Jacq.) Bremek. (1948)
  • Rhytiglossa pectoralis (Jacq.) Nees (1845)
  • Rhytiglossa pectoralis var. monostachya Nees (1847)
  • Rhytiglossa scabra Nees (1847)
  • Stethoma pectoralis (Jacq.) Raf. (1838)

Dianthera pectoralis is an herb in the family Acanthaceae. This water-willow is widely known as tilo in Latin America and in Cuba. In Haiti, it is called chapantye and zeb chapantyè on Dominica and Martinique. Other folk names are freshcut,[2] chambá[3] carpintero ("carpenter"), té criollo ("Criollo tea"), curia, death-angel, masha-hari, or "piri piri". This species was described by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin in 1760, who provided additional data in 1763. A well-marked variety, var. stenophylla, was described by Emery Clarence Leonard in 1958.

Uses

[edit]

Traditional uses

[edit]

Across its range, it is used in folk medicine as a relaxant and general tonic.[citation needed] Additionally, it is often used in preparation of ayahuasca, a South American psychoactive brew.[citation needed]

Other uses

[edit]

As regards other applications, it is noted for its pleasant smell and as a source of coumarin, which it produces in plenty, and which in combination with umbelliferone is responsible for many of its notable properties. It is also admixed to epená (Virola) snuff to make it smell more pleasant. In particular var. stenophylla might also be hallucinogenic in certain preparations; it is known to wajacas (shamans) of the Krahô tribe in Brazil, who know that variety as mashi-hiri and consider it a potent entheogen, not to be taken by the uninitiated.[4][5] The wajacas (shamans) refer to the leaves of the Dianthera pectoralis var. stenophylla as bolek-bena meaning "Leaves of the Angel of Death". Its name likely comes from the fact it has killed three curanderos.[6]

Etymology

[edit]

The name "tilo" could be by association with Tilia, the linden trees. These are entirely unrelated eudicots whose flowers have similar relaxant properties. The water-"willows" are not relatives of the true willows either; like the lindens, the latter belong to the rosid branch of the eudicots.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dianthera pectoralis (Jacq.) J.F.Gmel. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  2. ^ NRCS. "Justicia pectoralis". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  3. ^ de Albuquerque, Ulysses Paulino; Monteiro, Júlio Marcelino; Ramos, Marcelo Alves; de Amorim, Elba Lúcia Cavalcanti (March 2007). "Medicinal and magic plants from a public market in northeastern Brazil". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 110 (1). Table 1. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.010. PMID 17056216.
  4. ^ Lino, C. S.; M. L. Taveira; G. S. B. Viana; F. J. A. Matos (1997). "Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of Justicia pectoralis Jacq and its main constituents: coumarin and umbelliferone". Phytotherapy Research. 11 (3): 211–215. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199705)11:3<211::AID-PTR72>3.0.CO;2-W. S2CID 84525194. Archived from the original on 2013-01-05. Retrieved 2010-06-26.
  5. ^ Rodrigues, Eliana; E A Carlini (December 2006). "Plants with possible psychoactive effects used by the Krahô Indians, Brazil" (PDF). Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. 28 (4): 277–282. doi:10.1590/S1516-44462006005000014. ISSN 1516-4446. PMID 17242806.
  6. ^ Stafford, Peter (1993). Psychedelics Encyclopedia. Ronin Publishing. p. 321. ISBN 0914171518.

Bibliography

[edit]
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