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{{short description|Species of plant}}
{{taxobox
{{more citations needed|date=September 2014}}
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|image = Heimia salicifolia flowers by Jules Jardinier.jpg
{{speciesbox
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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|image = Sinicuiche (Heimia salicifolia) I.jpg
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|status = G4
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|status_system = TNC
|unranked_subclassis = [[Rosids]]
|status_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.143677/Heimia_salicifolia |website=explorer.natureserve.org |access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref>
|ordo = [[Myrtales]]
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|genus = Heimia
|familia = [[Lythraceae]]
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|species = salicifolia
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|genus = ''[[Heimia]]''
|authority = Link<ref name="GRIN">{{GRIN | accessdate=2010-03-20}}</ref>
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|species = '''''H. salicifolia'''''
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}}
|binomial = ''Heimia salicifolia''
|binomial_authority = Link<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27904 |title=''Heimia salicifolia'' Link |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2002-09-17 |accessdate=2010-03-20}}</ref>
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|}}


'''''Heimia salicifolia''''' is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[Lythrum|Loosestrife]] family, [[Lythraceae]]. It is native to the [[Americas]], ranging from the [[southwestern United States]] ([[Texas]] and [[New Mexico]]) through [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]] to [[Argentina]].<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27904 |title=''Heimia salicifolia'' Link |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2002-09-17 |accessdate=2010-03-20}}</ref> Common names include '''Shrubby Yellowcrest''', '''Sinicuichi''', '''Sun Opener''', '''Willow-leaf Heimia''', '''Sini''', and '''Elixir of the Sun'''.
'''''Heimia salicifolia''''' is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[Lythrum|Loosestrife]] family, [[Lythraceae]]. It is native to the [[Americas]], ranging from the [[southwestern United States]] ([[Texas]] and [[New Mexico]]) through [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]] to [[Argentina]].<ref name="GRIN"/> Common names include '''shrubby yellowcrest''', '''sinicuichi''', '''sun opener''', '''willow-leaf heimia''', '''sini'''. The plant has been used for shamanic purposes by native peoples in Central America and Mexico.{{citation needed|date=November 2014}}
[[File:Heimia salicifolia seed closeup.jpg |thumb|right|The seed of ''Heimia salicifoli'' magnified many times]]
The plant has psychoactive and medicinal properties, and has been used for a variety of ailments by native peoples in Central America and Mexico.


== Isolated alkaloids ==
==Isolated alkaloids==


Source:<ref>{{cite journal |title=''Alkaloids from Heimia salicifolia'' |journal=Phytochemistry |publisher=[[Elsevier]] |date=2008-05-01 |doi=10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.01.028 |volume=69 |issue=8 |pages=1756–1762 |pmid=18374955 | last1 = Rumalla | first1 = CS | last2 = Jadhav | first2 = AN | last3 = Smillie | first3 = T | last4 = Fronczek | first4 = FR | last5 = Khan | first5 = IA|bibcode=2008PChem..69.1756R }}</ref>
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* [[Vertine]], also known as cryogenine, is regarded as the primary psychoactive component and is also generally the most abundant constituent of alkaloidal extracts. Clinically demonstrated effects include anticholinergic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, hyperglycemic, hypotensive, sedative, tranquilizer, and vasodilator activity.

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* [[Lythrine]], the third most abundant alkaloid, has been found to have diuretic activity.

* [[Heimidine]], A minor alkaloid, has been found to have anti-inflammatory activity.

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* [[Lyfoline]], the second most abundant alkaloid.


⚫
* [[Vertine]], also known as cryogenine, is regarded as the primary bioactive component and is also generally the most abundant constituent of alkaloidal extracts.
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* [[Lyfoline]], the second most abundant alkaloid
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* [[Lythrine]], the third most abundant alkaloid
* [[Heimidine]], a minor alkaloid
* [[Lythridine]], a minor alkaloid
* [[Lythridine]], a minor alkaloid


== Spiritual Use ==
==Spiritual use==


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Use of ''H. salicifolia'' for shamanic purposes by native peoples of Central America and Mexico has been described.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} In the method of preparation commonly used, fresh leaves are collected and allowed to wilt. The leaves are put into a cup or jar, cool water is added, and the mixture is placed in the sun to brew and ferment for at least 24 hours. It is said that during the fermentation process, the knowledge of the sun is embedded into the potion, creating the "elixir of the sun."<ref>{{cite book | last = Reko | first = Victor A | date = 1936 | title = Magische Gifte: Rausch- und Betäubungsmittel der Neuen Welt ("Magic Poisons: Inebriating and Narcotic Substances of the New World") | publisher = VWB Vlg. F. Wissenschaft | page = 142 | isbn = 3861354209}}</ref>
Use of Sinicuichi for shamanic purposes by native peoples of Central America and Mexico has been described. Some of the effects may include the experience of a deep sense of calmness and unity, and the ability to recall the past, even [[prenatal]] events, with great clarity.

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In the method of preparation commonly used, fresh leaves are collected, and allowed to wilt. The leaves are put into a cup or jar, cool water added, and placed in the sun to brew and ferment for at least 24 hours. It is said that during the fermentation process, the knowledge of the sun is embedded into the potion, creating the "Elixir of the Sun."

''Heimia salicifolia'' is not believed to be addictive. The psychoactive properties of the plant have led to its notoriety as a "[[legal high]]", though the muscle-relaxant effect may be very powerful and is reported by many users to be highly inconvenient.<!-- source: Erowid -->

== Subjective Effects ==

*Auditory hallucinations (sounds may seem distant)
*Yellowed field of vision
*Drowsiness or sedation
*Mild intoxication; giddiness
*Darkening of vision
*Improved memory function

== Physiological Effects ==

*Slowing of heartbeat
*Muscle relaxation
*Dilation of coronary vessels
*Inhibition of acetylcholine (Debated)<ref>http://www.erowid.org/plants/sinicuichi/sinicuichi_faq.shtml "v. What will Sinicuichi do to me?" Paragraph 2</ref>
*Reduction of blood pressure


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{wikispecies-inline}}
{{Wikispecies-inline}}
{{commonscat-inline|Heimia salicifolia|''Heimia salicifolia''}}
{{Commonscat-inline|Heimia salicifolia|''Heimia salicifolia''}}

* [http://www.erowid.org/plants/sinicuichi/sinicuichi_faq.shtml Dr. MeO's Sinicuichi FAQ]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1639832}}
* [http://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=8521 Confessions of an English Sinicuichi Smoker]


[[Category:Heimia|salicifolia]]
[[Category:Heimia|salicifolia]]
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[[Category:Flora of Paraguay]]
[[Category:Flora of Paraguay]]
[[Category:Flora of Texas]]
[[Category:Flora of Texas]]


{{Myrtales-stub}}

Latest revision as of 15:56, 5 September 2024

Heimia salicifolia

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Lythraceae
Genus: Heimia
Species:
H. salicifolia
Binomial name
Heimia salicifolia
Link[2]

Heimia salicifolia is a species of flowering plant in the Loosestrife family, Lythraceae. It is native to the Americas, ranging from the southwestern United States (Texas and New Mexico) through Mexico and Central America to Argentina.[2] Common names include shrubby yellowcrest, sinicuichi, sun opener, willow-leaf heimia, sini. The plant has been used for shamanic purposes by native peoples in Central America and Mexico.[citation needed]

The seed of Heimia salicifoli magnified many times

Isolated alkaloids

[edit]

Source:[3]

  • Vertine, also known as cryogenine, is regarded as the primary bioactive component and is also generally the most abundant constituent of alkaloidal extracts.
  • Lyfoline, the second most abundant alkaloid
  • Lythrine, the third most abundant alkaloid
  • Heimidine, a minor alkaloid
  • Lythridine, a minor alkaloid

Spiritual use

[edit]

Use of H. salicifolia for shamanic purposes by native peoples of Central America and Mexico has been described.[citation needed] In the method of preparation commonly used, fresh leaves are collected and allowed to wilt. The leaves are put into a cup or jar, cool water is added, and the mixture is placed in the sun to brew and ferment for at least 24 hours. It is said that during the fermentation process, the knowledge of the sun is embedded into the potion, creating the "elixir of the sun."[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Heimia salicifolia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
  3. ^ Rumalla, CS; Jadhav, AN; Smillie, T; Fronczek, FR; Khan, IA (2008-05-01). "Alkaloids from Heimia salicifolia". Phytochemistry. 69 (8). Elsevier: 1756–1762. Bibcode:2008PChem..69.1756R. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.01.028. PMID 18374955.
  4. ^ Reko, Victor A (1936). Magische Gifte: Rausch- und Betäubungsmittel der Neuen Welt ("Magic Poisons: Inebriating and Narcotic Substances of the New World"). VWB Vlg. F. Wissenschaft. p. 142. ISBN 3861354209.
[edit]

Data related to Heimia salicifolia at Wikispecies Media related to Heimia salicifolia at Wikimedia Commons

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