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{{Short description|Soviet war crime in Pokrovsk, Ukraine}}
{{Multiple issues|{{orphan|date=December 2013}}{{dead end|date=December 2013}}}}
{{refimprove|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Grischino (Krasnoarmeyskoye) Massacre
| image_size =
| image =
| caption =
| location = [[Pokrovsk, Ukraine|Krasnoarmeyskoye]], [[Ukrainian SSR]], Soviet Union
| coordinates =
| date = February 1943
| time-begin =
| time-end =
| timezone =
| type = [[War crime]]
| fatalities = 596
*508 [[Axis Powers|Axis]] POWs
*88 civilians
| perps = [[Red Army]]
}}


The '''Massacre of Grischino''' was a war crime committed by members of the [[Red Army]] in February 1943 in the eastern Ukrainian places [[Krasnoarmiisk|Krasnoarmeyskoye]], Postyschewo and Grischino. In which a total of 596 prisoners of war, nurses, construction workers and female communicationpersonal (Nachrichtenhelferinnen) to had perished.<ref>Alfred de Zayas : Wehrmacht investigative body. Universitas, Munich 2001, p 318</ref> The [[Wehrmacht]] Untersuchungsstelle also known as WuSt (Wehrmacht criminal investigating authority), announced that among the victims had been 406 members of the Wehrmacht, 58 members of the [[Organisation Todt]] (including two [[Danish]] nationals), 89 [[Italian]] soldiers, 9 Romanian soldiers, 4 [[Hungarian]] soldiers, 15 German civil officials, 7 German civilian workers and 8 Ukrainian volunteers.
The '''massacre of Grischino''' was committed by the [[Red Army]] in February 1943 in the eastern Ukrainian town of [[Pokrovsk, Ukraine|Krasnoarmeyskoye]], earlier named Postyschevo and Grischino. The massacre followed the capture of the town by the advancing Soviet army. A total of 596 prisoners of war, nurses, construction workers and female communication personnel (''[[Wehrmachthelferin|Nachrichtenhelferinnen]]'') were killed.<ref>Alfred de Zayas : Wehrmacht investigative body. Universitas, Munich 2001, p 318</ref> The [[Wehrmacht]] Untersuchungsstelle also known as WuSt (Wehrmacht criminal investigating authority), announced that among the victims were 406 soldiers of the [[Wehrmacht]], 58 members of the [[Organisation Todt]] (including two [[Denmark|Danish]] nationals), 89 [[Italy|Italian]] soldiers, nine [[Romanians|Romanian]] soldiers, four [[Hungary|Hungarian]] soldiers, 15 German civil officials, seven German civilian workers and eight [[Ukrainian collaborators]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Zayas |first=Alfred M. De |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b4ePAAAAMAAJ |title=The Wehrmacht War Crimes Bureau, 1939-1945 |date=1989 |publisher=University of Nebraska Press |isbn=978-0-8032-1680-8 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=187-191}}


The places were ovverun by the Soviet 4th Guards Tank Corps on the night of 10 on the 11th February 1943.After the reconquest by the 5th SS - Panzer-Division " Wiking " with the support of 333 Infantry Division and the 7th Panzer Division on 18 February 1943 the Wehrmacht soldiers discovered numerous deaths. Many of the bodies were horribly mutilated, ears and noses cut off and genital organs amputated and stuffed into their mouths. Breasts of some of the nurses were cut off, the women being brutally raped. A German military judge who was at the scene told in an interview during in 1970s that he personally saw a female body with her legs spread-eagled and a broomstick rammed into her genitals. In the cellar of the main train station around 120 Germans were herded into a large storage room and then mowed down with machine guns. While a large part of the investigation file is lost, some investigation evidence remained in a Foreign Office Brochure right now stored in the German federal state archiv ([[Bundesarchiv]]).
German positions were overrun by the Soviet [[4th Guards Tank Corps]] on the night of 10 and 11 February 1943. After their recapture by the [[5th SS Panzer Division Wiking]] with the support of the [[333rd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|333rd Infantry]] and [[7th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)|7th Panzer]] Divisions on 18 February 1943, the German soldiers discovered numerous corpses. Many of the bodies were horribly mutilated, ears and noses cut off and genitals amputated and stuffed into their mouths. The breasts of some of the nurses were allegedly cut off, the women being brutally raped. A German military judge who was at the scene stated in an interview during the 1970s that he saw a female body with her legs spread-eagled and a broomstick rammed into her genitals. In the cellar of the main train station, around 120 Germans had been herded into a large storage room and then mowed down with machine guns.<ref name=":3" />{{Rp|pages=187-191}} While a large part of the investigation file is lost, some investigation evidence remained in a Foreign Office brochure currently stored in the German federal state archive ([[Bundesarchiv]]).{{cn|date=September 2024}}


On 21 March 1983 the [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk|West German Radio (WDR)]] beamed a documentary on soviet war crimes in the east from the files of the Wehrmacht investigative authority from which also showed footage of the propaganda troops of the Wehrmacht on the massacre of Grichino and still living witnesses of the massacre had a chance to speak.<ref>A. de Zayas, THE ARMED FORCES AND THE voelkerrecht, lecture to the state and economic Political Society, Hamburg, 27 February 2004, ibid Wehrmacht investigative body, p 84</ref>
On 21 March 1983, the [[Westdeutscher Rundfunk|West German Radio (WDR)]] broadcast a documentary on Soviet war crimes in the east from the files of the Wehrmacht investigative authority which also showed footage of the propaganda troops of the Wehrmacht on the massacre of Grischino and witnesses{{clarify|date=October 2015|Witnesses of the actual massacre or the aftermath?}} of the massacre had a chance to speak.<ref>A. de Zayas, THE ARMED FORCES AND THE voelkerrecht, lecture to the state and economic Political Society, Hamburg, 27 February 2004, ibid Wehrmacht investigative body, p 84</ref>


==Film==
==See also==
*[[Massacre of Broniki]]
*http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xC2-wLCQvpA (in German)
*[[Massacre of Feodosia]]
*[[Chenogne massacre|Massacre of Chenogne]]
*[[Utah prisoner of war massacre|Massacre of Salina]]


==References==
==References==
Line 14: Line 35:


==Literature==
==Literature==
*The warfare from the perspective of the Soviet Union. In : Horst Boog, Jürgen Förster, Joachim Hoffmann (ed. and authors) : The German Reich and the Second World War, 10 vols, Volume 4, The attack on the Soviet Union, German publishing house, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3 - 421-06098-3, 790 pp.
*The warfare from the perspective of the Soviet Union. In: [[Horst Boog]], [[Jürgen Förster]], [[Joachim Hoffmann]] (ed. and authors) : The German Reich and the Second World War, 10 vols, Volume 4, The attack on the Soviet Union, German publishing house, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3 - 421-06098-3, 790 pp.
*German and Kalmyks, 1942–1945. Rombach Verlag, Freiburg 1974, ISBN 3-7930-0173-3, pp.&nbsp;107ff.
*German and Kalmyks, 1942–1945. Rombach Verlag, Freiburg 1974, {{ISBN|3-7930-0173-3}}, pp.&nbsp;107ff.
*[[Alfred de Zayas]] : The Wehrmacht investigative body. German investigations into Allied violations of international law during the Second World War. 7 Edition, Universitas Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-8004-1051-6.
*[[Alfred de Zayas]] : The Wehrmacht investigative body. German investigations into Allied violations of international law during the Second World War. 7 Edition, Universitas Verlag, Munich 2001, {{ISBN|3-8004-1051-6}}.


{{coord missing|Ukraine}}
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[[Category:1943]]

[[Category:Soviet World War II crimes|Massacre of Grischino]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grischino massacre 1943}}
⚫
[[Category:World War II propaganda]]
[[Category:Germany–Soviet Union relations]]
[[Category:1943 murders in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Germany–Soviet Union military relations]]
[[Category:World War II prisoner of war massacres by the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Massacres in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Massacres in Ukraine]]
[[Category:February 1943 events in Europe]]
[[Category:Massacres in 1943]]
[[Category:Sexual violence in Europe during World War II]]
⚫
[[Category:Nurses killed in World War II]]
[[Category:Violence against women in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Rape in Ukraine]]
⚫
[[Category:1943 in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Pokrovsk urban hromada]]
[[Category:Murder in Donetsk Oblast]]
[[Category:History of Donetsk Oblast]]

Latest revision as of 21:33, 14 December 2024

Grischino (Krasnoarmeyskoye) Massacre
LocationKrasnoarmeyskoye, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
DateFebruary 1943
Attack type
War crime
Deaths596
  • 508 Axis POWs
  • 88 civilians
PerpetratorsRed Army

The massacre of Grischino was committed by the Red Army in February 1943 in the eastern Ukrainian town of Krasnoarmeyskoye, earlier named Postyschevo and Grischino. The massacre followed the capture of the town by the advancing Soviet army. A total of 596 prisoners of war, nurses, construction workers and female communication personnel (Nachrichtenhelferinnen) were killed.[1] The Wehrmacht Untersuchungsstelle also known as WuSt (Wehrmacht criminal investigating authority), announced that among the victims were 406 soldiers of the Wehrmacht, 58 members of the Organisation Todt (including two Danish nationals), 89 Italian soldiers, nine Romanian soldiers, four Hungarian soldiers, 15 German civil officials, seven German civilian workers and eight Ukrainian collaborators.[2]: 187–191 

German positions were overrun by the Soviet 4th Guards Tank Corps on the night of 10 and 11 February 1943. After their recapture by the 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking with the support of the 333rd Infantry and 7th Panzer Divisions on 18 February 1943, the German soldiers discovered numerous corpses. Many of the bodies were horribly mutilated, ears and noses cut off and genitals amputated and stuffed into their mouths. The breasts of some of the nurses were allegedly cut off, the women being brutally raped. A German military judge who was at the scene stated in an interview during the 1970s that he saw a female body with her legs spread-eagled and a broomstick rammed into her genitals. In the cellar of the main train station, around 120 Germans had been herded into a large storage room and then mowed down with machine guns.[2]: 187–191  While a large part of the investigation file is lost, some investigation evidence remained in a Foreign Office brochure currently stored in the German federal state archive (Bundesarchiv).[citation needed]

On 21 March 1983, the West German Radio (WDR) broadcast a documentary on Soviet war crimes in the east from the files of the Wehrmacht investigative authority which also showed footage of the propaganda troops of the Wehrmacht on the massacre of Grischino and witnesses[clarification needed] of the massacre had a chance to speak.[3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Alfred de Zayas : Wehrmacht investigative body. Universitas, Munich 2001, p 318
  2. ^ a b Zayas, Alfred M. De (1989). The Wehrmacht War Crimes Bureau, 1939-1945. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-1680-8.
  3. ^ A. de Zayas, THE ARMED FORCES AND THE voelkerrecht, lecture to the state and economic Political Society, Hamburg, 27 February 2004, ibid Wehrmacht investigative body, p 84

Literature

[edit]
  • The warfare from the perspective of the Soviet Union. In: Horst Boog, Jürgen Förster, Joachim Hoffmann (ed. and authors) : The German Reich and the Second World War, 10 vols, Volume 4, The attack on the Soviet Union, German publishing house, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3 - 421-06098-3, 790 pp.
  • German and Kalmyks, 1942–1945. Rombach Verlag, Freiburg 1974, ISBN 3-7930-0173-3, pp. 107ff.
  • Alfred de Zayas : The Wehrmacht investigative body. German investigations into Allied violations of international law during the Second World War. 7 Edition, Universitas Verlag, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-8004-1051-6.

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