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Coordinates: 36°55′39.5″S 144°32′49.8″E / 36.927639°S 144.547167°E / -36.927639; 144.547167
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{{Short description|River in Victoria, Australia}}
{{Infobox_River
| river_name = Coliban River
{{distinguish|Little Coliban River}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
| image_name = Trentham Falls 001.JPG
{{Use Australian English|date=October 2014}}
| caption = [[Trentham Falls]] in the upper stretches of the River
{{Infobox river
| origin = [[Great Dividing Range]]
| name = Coliban
| mouth = [[Lake Eppalock]]
| native_name = {{plainlist|
| basin_countries = [[Australia]]
* {{native name|dja|Teeranyap, Pe-er, Dindelong yaluk}}
| length = 89 km
* {{native name|dgw|Pe-er, Dindelong yaluk}}<ref name=vicnames>{{Cite VICNAMES|615046|Coliban River|accessdate=20 October 2014}}</ref><ref name=clark/>
| elevation =
| discharge =
| watershed =
}}
}}
| name_other =
The '''Coliban River''' is a river in central [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], in [[Australia]]. It is a major water supply source for towns and cities in the region.
| name_etymology =
<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->
| image = Trentham Falls 001.JPG
| image_size = 280
| image_caption = Trentham Falls, in the upper reaches of the Coliban River
| map =
| map_size = 300
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Australia Victoria
| pushpin_map_size = 300
| pushpin_map_caption= Location of the Coliban River [[Mouth (river)|mouth]] in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
<!---------------------- LOCATION -->
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[Australia]]
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| subdivision_name3 = [[Riverina]] [[Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia|bioregion (IBRA)]], [[Victorian Central Highlands|Central Highlands]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Local government in Australia|Local government areas]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Shire of Moorabool|Moorabool]], [[Shire of Hepburn|Hepburn]], [[Shire of Mount Alexander|Mount Alexander]], [[City of Greater Bendigo]]
| subdivision_type5 = Towns
| subdivision_name5 = {{VICcity|Trentham}}, {{VICcity|Malmsbury}}, {{VICcity|Metcalfe}}, {{VICcity|Redesdale}}, {{VICcity|Mintaro}}
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->
| length = {{convert|89|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| width_min =
| width_avg =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| depth_avg =
| depth_max =
| discharge1_location= {{VICcity|Echuca}}
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg =
| discharge1_max =
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->
| source1 = [[Great Dividing Range]]
| source1_location = below Little Hampton
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|37|25|13|S|144|28|38|E|display=inline}}
| source1_elevation = {{convert|701|m|abbr=on}}
| mouth = [[confluence]] with the [[Campaspe River (Victoria)|Campaspe River]]
| mouth_location = [[Lake Eppalock]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|36|55|39.5|S|144|32|49.8|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|183|m|abbr=on}}
| progression =
| river_system = Victorian north–central catchment,<br/>[[Murray-Darling basin]]
| waterfalls = Trentham Falls
| tributaries_left = Kangaroo Creek, [[Myrtle Creek (Victoria)|Myrtle Creek]]
| tributaries_right = [[Little Coliban River]]
| custom_label =
| custom_data =
| extra = <ref name=bonzle>{{cite web|url=http://maps.bonzle.com/c/a?a=p&p=207172&cmd=sp|title=Map of Coliban River, VIC|work=Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia|access-date=20 October 2014}}</ref>
}}
The '''Coliban River''', an inland [[perennial river]] of the north{{endash}}central catchment, part of the [[Murray-Darling basin]], is located in the lower [[Riverina]] [[Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia|bioregion]] and [[Victorian Central Highlands|Central Highlands]] region of the [[Australia]]n state of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]. The headwaters of the Coliban River rise on the northern slopes of the [[Great Dividing Range]] and descend to flow north into the [[Campaspe River (Victoria)|Campaspe River]] with the impounded [[Lake Eppalock]].


The river is a major water supply source for towns and cities in the lower Central Highlands region.
==Course==
The river begins at the [[Great Dividing Range]] near [[Lyonville, Victoria|Lyonville]] and plunges 33 metres at Trentham Falls, flowing northward to the Upper Coliban, [[Lauriston Reservoir|Lauriston]] and Malmsbury reservoirs. Subsequently it flows through [[Malmsbury, Victoria|Malmsbury]] and [[Metcalfe, Victoria|Metcalfe]] and finally meets the [[Campaspe River]] at [[Lake Eppalock]].<ref name=ga>{{cite web|url=http://www.coliban.com.au|title = Your River: The Coliban - River Recovery|publisher=Greening Australia|accessdate=2008-01-19}}</ref>


==Location and features==
==Water Supply==
The river rises below Little Hampton near {{VICcity|Lyonville}} in the Great Dividing Range and flows generally north, descending {{convert|33|m}} over the Trentham Falls, and continuing to flow northward to the Upper Coliban, [[Lauriston Reservoir|Lauriston]] and Malmsbury reservoirs. Subsequently, it flows through {{VICcity|Malmsbury}}, {{VICcity|Metcalfe}}, {{VICcity|Redesdale}} and {{VICcity|Mintaro}}, and finally reaches its [[confluence]] with the [[Campaspe River]] within [[Lake Eppalock]].<ref name=greenaust>{{cite web|url=http://www.coliban.com.au|title = Your River: The Coliban - River Recovery|publisher=Greening Australia|access-date=19 January 2008}}</ref> The river descends {{convert|518|m}} over its {{convert|89|km|adj=on}} [[watercourse|course]].<ref name=bonzle/>
Gold was found in the river in 1858, and water from the river was used to supply the goldfields cities of [[Bendigo, Victoria|Bendigo]] and [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]]. As the population of those cities grew a water supply system consisting of 70 kilometres of tunnels and aqueducts was constructed. Over time, the water supply was extended to [[Kyneton, Victoria|Kyneton]], as well as many other smaller towns in the region. Today the system supplies drinking water to a population exceeding 200,000.<ref name=ga/>

[[Gold]] was found in the river in 1858, and water from the river was used to supply the goldfields cities of [[Bendigo]] and {{VICcity|Castlemaine}}. As the population of those cities grew a water supply system consisting of {{convert|70|km}} of tunnels and [[Aqueduct (water supply)|aqueducts]] was constructed. Over time, the water supply was extended to {{VICcity|Kyneton}}, as well as many other smaller towns in the region. Today, the system supplies drinking water to a population exceeding 200,000.<ref name=greenaust/> [[Coliban Water]] manages the three major water supply reservoirs, which are part of the Eppalock Proclaimed Water Supply Catchment.<ref name=coliban>{{cite web|url=http://www.coliban.com.au|title=Coliban Water|publisher=Coliban Water|access-date=19 January 2008}}</ref>


==Fauna and flora==
==Fauna and flora==
The river is home to the [[platypus]] as well as eight native fish species including the [[Macquarie perch]]. Four of the fish species are endangered and the [[trout cod]] is regarded as critically endangered in the river, and may no longer be present. Indigenous vegetation in the area includes the [[Eucalyptus aggregata|black gum]] (''Eucalyptus aggregata'') which, though once plentiful in the area, is now rare due to vegetation clearance over many years.<ref name=ga/>
The river is home to the [[platypus]] as well as eight native fish species, including the [[Macquarie perch]]. Four of the fish species are endangered and the [[trout cod]] is regarded as critically endangered in the river, and may no longer be present. Indigenous vegetation in the area includes the black gum (''[[Eucalyptus aggregata]]'') which, though once plentiful in the area, is now rare due to vegetation clearance over many years.<ref name=greenaust/>


==Management==
==Etymology==
In the Aboriginal [[Djadjawurrung language]], the name for the river is ''Teeranyap'', with no clearly defined meaning. In the [[Taungurung language|Taungurung]] and Djadjawurrung languages, the names for the river is '' Pe-er'', with no clearly defined meaning, and ''Dindelong yaluk'', with ''yaluk'' meaning "river".<ref name=vicnames/><ref name=clark>{{cite web|author1=Clark, Ian|author2=Heydon, Toby|work=Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages|url=http://www.vaclang.org.au|date=2011|title=Coliban River: Traditional Names}}</ref><ref>{{cite thesis| type=PhD |last=Orr-Young |first=Jillianne |date=2012 |title=Place and Praxis: Valuing Australian Indigenous Place in Landscape Architecture Practice |url=https://researchrepository.rmit.edu.au/esploro/outputs/doctoral/Place-and-praxis-valuing-Australian-Indigenous/9921858965401341 |page=242|publisher=[[RMIT University]] }}</ref>
The [[Coliban Water|Coliban Region Water Corporation]] (Coliban Water) manages the three major water supply reservoirs, which are part of the Eppalock Proclaimed Water Supply Catchment.<ref name=coliban>{{cite web|url=http://www.coliban.com.au|title = Coliban Water|publisher=Coliban Water|accessdate=2008-01-19}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Stack|{{Portal|Australia|Water}}}}
* {{Section link|List of rivers of Australia|Victoria}}


==References==
==References==
Line 29: Line 85:


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{stack|{{commons category}}}}
* [http://www.prov.vic.gov.au/images/12800/12800-00001-000141-010.asp Public Record Office Victoria] Photograph of [[Victorian Railways]] passenger train crossing the viaduct over the Coliban River at [[Malmsbury, Victoria|Malmsbury]], November 1945.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110406003950/http://www.prov.vic.gov.au/images/12800/12800-00001-000141-010.asp Public Record Office Victoria] Photograph of [[Victorian Railways]] passenger train crossing the viaduct over the Coliban River at [[Malmsbury, Victoria|Malmsbury]], November 1945.
*{{cite web|url=http://www.mdba.gov.au/about-basin/how-river-runs/loddon-campaspe|title=Loddon–Campaspe|work=[[Murray-Darling Basin Authority]]|publisher=[[Australian Government]]|date=2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023124410/http://www.mdba.gov.au/about-basin/how-river-runs/loddon-campaspe|archive-date=23 October 2014|df=dmy-all}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.mdba.gov.au/sites/default/files/Campaspe_LP.pdf|title=Campaspe River longitudinal profile|work=[[Murray-Darling Basin Authority]]|publisher=[[Australian Government]]|type=PDF|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140215130307/http://www.mdba.gov.au/sites/default/files/Campaspe_LP.pdf|archive-date=15 February 2014|df=dmy-all}}
*{{cite web|url=http://environmentvictoria.org.au/lifeblood/campaspe|title=Campaspe|work=Our rivers|publisher=Environment Victoria}}


{{Rivers of the North-Central catchment of the Murray-Darling basin}}
{{coord|36|56|S|144|33|E|display=title|region:AU_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}
{{Rivers of Victoria}}
{{Rivers of the Murray–Darling basin |state=collapsed}}


{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Rivers of Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Murray-Darling basin]]


[[Category:North-Central catchment]]
{{Rivers of Victoria}}
[[Category:Rivers of Grampians (region)]]
[[Category:Rivers of Loddon Mallee (region)]]
[[Category:Central Highlands (Victoria)]]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Murray River]]

Latest revision as of 11:29, 10 May 2023

Not to be confused with Little Coliban River.

Coliban
Trentham Falls, in the upper reaches of the Coliban River
Coliban River is located in Victoria
Coliban River
Location of the Coliban River mouth in Victoria
Native name
Location
CountryAustralia
StateVictoria
RegionRiverina bioregion (IBRA), Central Highlands
Local government areasMoorabool, Hepburn, Mount Alexander, City of Greater Bendigo
TownsTrentham, Malmsbury, Metcalfe, Redesdale, Mintaro
Physical characteristics
SourceGreat Dividing Range
 • locationbelow Little Hampton
 • coordinates37°25′13″S 144°28′38″E / 37.42028°S 144.47722°E / -37.42028; 144.47722
 • elevation701 m (2,300 ft)
Mouthconfluence with the Campaspe River
 • location
Lake Eppalock
 • coordinates
36°55′39.5″S 144°32′49.8″E / 36.927639°S 144.547167°E / -36.927639; 144.547167
 • elevation
183 m (600 ft)
Length89 km (55 mi)
Discharge 
 • locationEchuca
Basin features
River systemVictorian north–central catchment,
Murray-Darling basin
Tributaries 
 • leftKangaroo Creek, Myrtle Creek
 • rightLittle Coliban River
WaterfallsTrentham Falls
[3]

The Coliban River, an inland perennial river of the north–central catchment, part of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the lower Riverina bioregion and Central Highlands region of the Australian state of Victoria. The headwaters of the Coliban River rise on the northern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and descend to flow north into the Campaspe River with the impounded Lake Eppalock.

The river is a major water supply source for towns and cities in the lower Central Highlands region.

Location and features

[edit]

The river rises below Little Hampton near Lyonville in the Great Dividing Range and flows generally north, descending 33 metres (108 ft) over the Trentham Falls, and continuing to flow northward to the Upper Coliban, Lauriston and Malmsbury reservoirs. Subsequently, it flows through Malmsbury, Metcalfe, Redesdale and Mintaro, and finally reaches its confluence with the Campaspe River within Lake Eppalock.[4] The river descends 518 metres (1,699 ft) over its 89-kilometre (55 mi) course.[3]

Gold was found in the river in 1858, and water from the river was used to supply the goldfields cities of Bendigo and Castlemaine. As the population of those cities grew a water supply system consisting of 70 kilometres (43 mi) of tunnels and aqueducts was constructed. Over time, the water supply was extended to Kyneton, as well as many other smaller towns in the region. Today, the system supplies drinking water to a population exceeding 200,000.[4] Coliban Water manages the three major water supply reservoirs, which are part of the Eppalock Proclaimed Water Supply Catchment.[5]

Fauna and flora

[edit]

The river is home to the platypus as well as eight native fish species, including the Macquarie perch. Four of the fish species are endangered and the trout cod is regarded as critically endangered in the river, and may no longer be present. Indigenous vegetation in the area includes the black gum (Eucalyptus aggregata) which, though once plentiful in the area, is now rare due to vegetation clearance over many years.[4]

Etymology

[edit]

In the Aboriginal Djadjawurrung language, the name for the river is Teeranyap, with no clearly defined meaning. In the Taungurung and Djadjawurrung languages, the names for the river is Pe-er, with no clearly defined meaning, and Dindelong yaluk, with yaluk meaning "river".[1][2][6]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Coliban River (entry 615046)". VICNAMES. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  2. ^ a b Clark, Ian; Heydon, Toby (2011). "Coliban River: Traditional Names". Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages.
  3. ^ a b "Map of Coliban River, VIC". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  4. ^ a b c "Your River: The Coliban - River Recovery". Greening Australia. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
  5. ^ "Coliban Water". Coliban Water. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
  6. ^ Orr-Young, Jillianne (2012). Place and Praxis: Valuing Australian Indigenous Place in Landscape Architecture Practice (PhD). RMIT University. p. 242.
[edit]
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