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{{Short description|Chopin's first piano sonata, written in 1828}}
[[File:Fryderyk Chopin.jpg|thumb|200px|Chopin, 1829]]
[[File:Fryderyk Chopin.jpg|thumb|200px|Chopin, 1829]]
The '''Piano Sonata No. 1 in C minor, Op. 4''' by [[Frédéric Chopin]] was written by the composer in 1828 (probably begun around July).<ref>According to [http://www.chopin.pl/edycja_1999_2009/kronika/kronika2_en.html the Chopin chronicle site].</ref> It was written during Chopin's time as a student with [[Józef Elsner]], to whom the sonata is dedicated. Despite having a low opus number, the sonata was not published until 1851, two years after Chopin's death, by Tobias Haslinger in [[Vienna]]. This sonata has been highly underestimated, both musical difficulty and quality. <ref>Later editions, like [[Breitkopf & Härtel]] (1880), and Augener (1882), explicitly label it as "[[nachlass]]" or posthumous.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Grande Sonate pour le Pianoforte composé par Frédéric Chopin. Oeuvre 4|year=1851|publisher=Tobias Haslinger|location=Vienna|pages=31|url=http://imslp.org/wiki/Sonata_No.1_%28Chopin,_Frederic%29|edition=Nº8147}}</ref>
The '''[[Piano Sonata]] No. 1 in C minor, Op. 4''' was written by [[Frédéric Chopin]] in 1828 (probably begun around July).<ref>According to [http://www.chopin.pl/edycja_1999_2009/kronika/kronika2_en.html the Chopin chronicle site].</ref> It was written during Chopin's time as a student with [[Józef Elsner]], to whom the sonata is dedicated. Despite having a low opus number, the sonata was not published until 1851 by Tobias Haslinger in [[Vienna]], two years after Chopin's death.<ref>Later editions, like [[Breitkopf & Härtel]] (1880), and Augener (1882), explicitly label it as "[[nachlass]]" or posthumous.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Grande Sonate pour le Pianoforte composé par Frédéric Chopin. Oeuvre 4|year=1851|publisher=Tobias Haslinger|location=Vienna|pages=31|url=http://imslp.org/wiki/Sonata_No.1_%28Chopin,_Frederic%29|edition=Nº8147}}</ref> This sonata is considered to be less refined than the later 2 sonatas, and is thus much less frequently performed and recorded.

== Structure ==
== Structure ==
The sonata has four [[movement (music)|movements]]:
The sonata has four [[movement (music)|movements]]:
{{ordered list|list-style-type=upper-roman

# ''[[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Allegro]] maestoso'' in [[C minor]] — It is in the form of a [[sonata form|sonata]]. Only in the aspect of key relations does this movement break from tradition - the second group of themes is based in C minor as much as is the first, so that the dramatic contrast of key which [[Cedric Thorpe-Davie]] among others identify as the heart of [[sonata form]] is lost. Furthermore, the recapitulation begins in the remote key of [[B-flat minor]], with the second theme appearing in [[G minor]].
| ''[[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Allegro]] maestoso'' ([[C minor]]): The first movement is in [[sonata form]]. Only in the aspect of key relations does this movement break from tradition - the second group of themes is based in C minor as much as is the first, so that the dramatic contrast of key which [[Cedric Thorpe-Davie]] among others identify as the heart of [[sonata form]] is lost. Furthermore, the recapitulation begins in the remote key of [[B-flat minor|B{{music|b}} minor]], with the second theme appearing in [[G minor]].
| ''[[Minuet|Menuetto]]'' ([[E-flat major|E{{music|b}} major]]): This is the only minuet that Chopin is known to have written.<ref name="otherdances">{{cite web | url=http://en.chopin.nifc.pl/chopin/genre/detail/id/18 | title=Fryderyk Chopin - Information Centre - Other dances - Genres | publisher=[[Fryderyk Chopin Institute]] | accessdate=September 20, 2014}}</ref> The central ''Trio'' is in [[E-flat minor|E{{music|b}} minor]], the tonic's parallel minor.
# ''[[Minuet|Menuetto]]'' in [[E-flat major]]
# ''[[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Larghetto]]'' in [[A-flat major]] This piece is set in {{music|time|5|4}} time, which is very unusual for pieces of that era. The 3rd beat of each 5-beat bar carries a secondary accent, which is marked explicitly in certain bars. In other places, it can be inferred, and in still other places Chopin seems to defy this convention and not expect this. [[James Huneker]], in his introduction to the 1895 American publication of the [[Carl Mikuli|Mikuli]] edition of the work, calls this unusual characteristic a "failed novelty."
| ''[[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Larghetto]]'' ([[A-flat major|A{{music|b}} major]]): This piece is set in [[Quintuple meter|{{music|time|5|4}} time]], which is very unusual for pieces of that era. The third beat of each five-beat bar carries a secondary accent, which is marked explicitly in certain bars. In other places, it can be inferred, and in still other places Chopin seems to defy this convention and not expect this. [[James Huneker]], in his introduction to the 1895 American publication of the [[Karol Mikuli|Mikuli]] edition of the work, calls this unusual characteristic a "failed novelty."
| ''Finale: [[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Presto]]'' (C minor): A virtuosic finale in C minor and sonata-rondo form. The most difficult and most effective movement of the sonata, it, among the finales of Chopin's piano sonatas, takes the longest to perform.
# ''Finale'' - [[Tempo#Italian tempo markings|Presto]]
}}

Of Chopin's works, this is among the least recorded.


== References ==
== References ==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Wikipedia books|Frédéric Chopin}}
* {{IMSLP2|id=Sonata_No.1_%28Chopin%2C_Frederic%29|cname=Piano Sonata No. 1}}
* {{IMSLP2|work=Piano_Sonata_No.1,_Op.4_(Chopin,_Frédéric)|cname=Piano Sonata No. 1}}


{{Chopin piano sonatas}}
{{Chopin piano sonatas}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Piano sonatas by Frédéric Chopin]]
[[Category:Piano sonatas by Frédéric Chopin]]
[[Category:1828 compositions]]
[[Category:1828 compositions]]
⚫
[[Category:Classical musical works published posthumously]]
[[Category:Compositions in C minor]]
[[Category:Compositions in C minor]]
⚫
[[Category:Compositions by Frédéric Chopin published posthumously]]
[[Category:Music with dedications]]

Latest revision as of 22:32, 7 December 2023

Chopin, 1829

The Piano Sonata No. 1 in C minor, Op. 4 was written by Frédéric Chopin in 1828 (probably begun around July).[1] It was written during Chopin's time as a student with Józef Elsner, to whom the sonata is dedicated. Despite having a low opus number, the sonata was not published until 1851 by Tobias Haslinger in Vienna, two years after Chopin's death.[2][3] This sonata is considered to be less refined than the later 2 sonatas, and is thus much less frequently performed and recorded.

Structure

[edit]

The sonata has four movements:

  1. Allegro maestoso (C minor): The first movement is in sonata form. Only in the aspect of key relations does this movement break from tradition - the second group of themes is based in C minor as much as is the first, so that the dramatic contrast of key which Cedric Thorpe-Davie among others identify as the heart of sonata form is lost. Furthermore, the recapitulation begins in the remote key of B♭ minor, with the second theme appearing in G minor.
  2. Menuetto (E♭ major): This is the only minuet that Chopin is known to have written.[4] The central Trio is in E♭ minor, the tonic's parallel minor.
  3. Larghetto (A♭ major): This piece is set in 5
    4     time    , which is very unusual for pieces of that era. The third beat of each five-beat bar carries a secondary accent, which is marked explicitly in certain bars. In other places, it can be inferred, and in still other places Chopin seems to defy this convention and not expect this. James Huneker, in his introduction to the 1895 American publication of the Mikuli edition of the work, calls this unusual characteristic a "failed novelty."
  4. Finale: Presto (C minor): A virtuosic finale in C minor and sonata-rondo form. The most difficult and most effective movement of the sonata, it, among the finales of Chopin's piano sonatas, takes the longest to perform.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ According to the Chopin chronicle site.
  2. ^ Later editions, like Breitkopf & Härtel (1880), and Augener (1882), explicitly label it as "nachlass" or posthumous.
  3. ^ Grande Sonate pour le Pianoforte composé par Frédéric Chopin. Oeuvre 4 (Nº8147 ed.). Vienna: Tobias Haslinger. 1851. p. 31.
  4. ^ "Fryderyk Chopin - Information Centre - Other dances - Genres". Fryderyk Chopin Institute. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to Piano Sonata No. 1 (Chopin).
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